Candidate

Centre Number Number

Candidate Name

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE LOCAL EXAMINATIONS SYNDICATE

General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

CHEMISTRY 5070/2
PAPER 2 Theory
MAY/JUNE SESSION 2001 1 hour 30 minutes

Additional materials:
Answer paper

TIME 1 hour 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page and on
any separate answer paper used.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers on the separate answer paper.
At the end of the examination, fasten any separate answer paper used securely to the question paper.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question
or part question.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE

Section A

B9

B10

B11

B12

TOTAL

This question paper consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

SB (SLC/JB) QF10457/1
© UCLES 2001 [Turn over
 2 For
Examiner’s
Use
Section A

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Choose from the following metals to answer the questions below.

aluminium calcium copper iron

magnesium potassium sodium zinc

Each metal can be used once, more than once, or not at all.

Name a metal which

(a) is manufactured by the electrolysis of its molten oxide,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) has a variable valency,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) is used to galvanise iron,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) has a carbonate which is coloured,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) is alloyed with zinc to make brass.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

A2 A precipitate may be formed when two aqueous solutions are mixed.

Complete the following table.

solutions mixed together formula of precipitate colour of precipitate

formed formed
copper(II) sulphate and
sodium hydroxide
sodium chloride and
silver nitrate
potassium iodide and
lead(II) nitrate
dilute sulphuric acid and
barium chloride
[8]

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A3 (a) The table shows some information about the oxides of the elements A to E. The letters
are not the symbols of the elements.

element state of oxide at room type of oxide bonding in oxide

temperature and pressure
A solid basic ionic
B solid acidic covalent
C gas acidic covalent
D liquid neutral covalent
E gas neutral covalent

Which one of the elements A to E could be

(i) hydrogen,

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) sodium,

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) silicon?

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) State the name of an element which forms an amphoteric oxide.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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 4 For
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A4 Helium-6 and helium-7 are isotopes. The nucleon (mass) number of helium-6 is 6 and of
helium-7 is 7.

(a) What is the meaning of the term isotopes ?

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Compare the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in one atom of helium-6 and
one atom of helium-7.

(i) electrons ...................................................................................................................

(ii) protons ......................................................................................................................

(iii) neutrons ....................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[3]

(c) Explain why helium does not react with other elements to form compounds.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

A5 Aqueous copper(II) sulphate reacts with aqueous potassium iodide according to the
equation below.

2Cu2+(aq) + 4I–(aq) → 2CuI(s) + I2(s)

(a) Identify the reducing agent in this reaction.

Explain your answer.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Describe briefly how acidified potassium manganate(VII) can be used to test for a
reducing agent.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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A6 Magnesium reacts with chlorine to form the ionic compound magnesium chloride.

(a) Draw a ‘dot and cross’ diagram to show the bonding in magnesium chloride.

You only need to draw the outer (valence) electrons of magnesium and of chlorine.

[2]

(b) The physical properties of a compound are related to its structure and bonding.

Magnesium chloride has an ionic lattice structure.

Suggest two physical properties of magnesium chloride.

1. ......................................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................................[2]

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 6 For
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A7 A student investigates the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.

The student uses the apparatus shown in the diagram.

measuring
cylinder

small test-tube
held by a piece
of cotton

zinc powder
hydrochloric acid water

To start the reaction the student tips the flask so that the acid and zinc can mix.

Every minute the student measures the volume of gas collected.

The results are plotted on the graph below.

500

400

total
volume
of 300
hydrogen /
cm3

200

100

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
time / minutes
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 7 For
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(a) Write the equation for the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) A sample of 0.65 g of zinc and 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid is used.
Which reagent, zinc or hydrochloric acid, is in excess at the end of the reaction?
Explain your answer.

[3]

(c) The rate of reaction changes as the reaction proceeds.

How and why does the rate of reaction change?

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(d) The investigation is repeated using exactly the same amounts of zinc and dilute
hydrochloric acid.

The only difference is that warm hydrochloric acid is used rather than cold hydrochloric
acid. On the grid, sketch the graph of the results you would expect. [1]

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 8 For
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A8 The table shows some information about compounds in a homologous series.

name of compound molecular formula relative molecular boiling point / °C

mass
methanol CH3OH 32 65
ethanol C2H5OH 46 78
propan-1-ol C3H7OH 60 97
butan-1-ol C4H9OH 74 117
pentan-1-ol C5H11OH 88 138

(a) (i) Name the homologous series to which these compounds belong.

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Predict the relative molecular mass of the compound, in the same series, which
has seven carbon atoms in one molecule.

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) Predict the boiling point of hexan-1-ol, which has six carbon atoms in one
molecule.

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(iv) Write the general formula for a compound in this homologous series.

...............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) State a use for ethanol, other than in drinks.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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(c) Ethanol can be oxidised to form ethanoic acid.

(i) Draw the structure of ethanoic acid.

(ii) Name a reagent that can be used to oxidise ethanol to ethanoic acid.

...................................................................................................................................

(iii) Give the name and the structure of the organic product formed when ethanol and
ethanoic acid react with each other.

name of product ........................................................................................................

structure of product

[4]

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 10

Section B

Answer three questions from this section. The total mark for this section is 30.

B9 Petrol and diesel are liquid fuels used in the internal combustion engines of motor cars and lorries.

(a) Describe how petrol and diesel are obtained from petroleum (crude oil). [3]

(b) The exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine contains pollutants.

The table below shows the mass of pollutants formed when one kilogram of each fuel is
burnt.

mass of pollutant / g
fuel carbon oxides of sulphur volatile organic compounds particulates
monoxide nitrogen dioxide e.g. unburnt hydrocarbons
petrol 236 29 0.9 25 0.6
diesel 10 59 3.8 17 18.6

(i) Which pollutant is a poisonous gas formed by the incomplete combustion of the fuels?
(ii) Which fuel contributes the most towards acid rain for each kilogram burnt? Explain your
answer.
(iii) Nitrogen dioxide is formed when oxygen reacts with nitrogen.
Write the equation for this reaction.
(iv) Many cars are fitted with catalytic converters. In the catalytic converter carbon monoxide
is oxidised and nitrogen dioxide is reduced to form two harmless gases.
Suggest the names of these two gases.
[5]

(c) Octane, C8H18, is a hydrocarbon found in petrol. Complete combustion of one mole of octane
releases 5518 kilojoules of energy.

Calculate the energy released on complete combustion of 1.14 g of octane. [2]

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B10 Ethanol is manufactured by the reversible reaction between ethene and steam.

C2H4(g) + H2O(g) CH3CH2OH(g)

The position of equilibrium is affected by changes in pressure and temperature.

In an experiment, one mole of ethene was allowed to react with excess steam. The table shows
the amount of ethanol in the equilibrium mixture under five different sets of conditions.

temperature/ pressure/ amount of ethanol

°C atm at equilibrium/mol
300 50 0.40
300 60 0.46
300 70 0.55
250 50 0.42
350 50 0.38

(a) (i) Describe the effect of increasing the pressure on the amount of ethanol at equilibrium.
(ii) Is the reaction between ethene and steam endothermic or exothermic?
Explain your answer.
(iii) Which set of conditions (temperature and pressure) will give the lowest rate of reaction?
[4]

(b) Ethene also reacts with hydrogen and bromine.

(i) Name the product of the reaction between ethene and hydrogen.
(ii) Draw the structure of the product of the reaction between ethene and bromine.
[2]

(c) Ethene forms an addition polymer called poly(ethene). The polymer is used to make plastic
bags.

Draw the structure of and describe a pollution problem caused by poly(ethene). [2]

(d) Draw a ‘dot and cross’ diagram to show the bonding in a molecule of ethene.

You only need to draw the outer electrons of carbon and of hydrogen. [2]

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 12

B11 There are four stages in the conversion of sulphur into sulphuric acid.

• Stage 1 – Sulphur is burned to make sulphur dioxide.

• Stage 2 – Sulphur dioxide is oxidised to sulphur trioxide (the Contact Process).
• Stage 3 – Sulphur trioxide is dissolved in sulphuric acid to form oleum.
• Stage 4 – Oleum is diluted with water to form concentrated sulphuric acid.

(a) State the catalyst and give the equation for stage 2 (the Contact Process). [3]

(b) Calculate the mass of sulphur needed to make 196 kg of sulphuric acid. [3]

(c) Give two uses of sulphuric acid. [2]

(d) Describe what you would see and name the products formed when dilute sulphuric acid
reacts with magnesium carbonate. [2]

B12 Chlorine, bromine and iodine are elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table.

(a) Describe the trend in colour and physical state at room temperature and pressure as the
atomic number increases. [2]

(b) Aqueous chlorine is an oxidising agent.

(i) Name the products formed and write an ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous
chlorine and aqueous potassium bromide.
(ii) Name the product formed when aqueous chlorine reacts with aqueous iron(II) chloride.
[3]

(c) An oxide of chlorine was analysed. A 0.366 g sample was found to contain 0.224 g of oxygen.

Calculate the empirical formula of this oxide. [3]

(d) Chlorine (IV) oxide, ClO2, is a powerful oxidising agent.

(i) Construct an equation to show the decomposition of chlorine(IV) oxide into its elements.
(ii) Chlorine(IV) oxide reacts explosively with powdered sulphur.
Suggest the name or formula of one of the products of the reaction between sulphur and
chlorine(IV) oxide.
[2]

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 DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
1 4
H He
Hydrogen Helium
1 2

7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
16

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131

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Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 57 * 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

226 227

Fr Ra Ac
Francium Radium Actinium
87 88 89 †

140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
*58-71 Lanthanoid series
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
†90-103 Actinoid series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
a a = relative atomic mass 232 238
Key X X = atomic symbol Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
b b = proton (atomic) number 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).