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1685-1850

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91

20

1.

2.

3.

ii

Prasenjit Duara
Culture nexus of power

iii

iv


1685-1850

..............................................................1

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v

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1 .....................................81
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3 ...................................84
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vi

............................................................100
............................................................107
.................................................124

vii


1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
5-1
5-2
6-1
6-2

.........................22
...............................24
.............................28
.............................30
.........36
.....................44
...................44
...................45
.....................45
.......................................53
.............................56
...................................58
...............................70
.....................................70
.....................................71
.....................................71
.....................................71
.....................................72
.........................................72
...........................80
.........................................82
.....................................83
.......................................84
...............................................85
.................................97
.............................98
..................102
............................103

1-1

.........................47

2
3

4
5

1
2

31

4
1957 11 51

201947 517
1-1
33 1994
4 97

15 1987
6 1-11
1

7
Land Taxation in Imperial China
1750-1911

11
95
1961 185
8

Wan Yeh-Chieh, Land taxation in Imperial China,1750-1911


Cambridge :harvard university Press, Pp.84-88.
6

10

11

12
1992 1
228-229
10

217
11

1976 1263
12

1993 10 280
9

13

14

1893

282-283286-287
287
14
183
13

1685-1850
1685
15

1850


16


17

15

1994 77
16

1995 101
17

1997 6 77
5

18

19

1745-1756

20

Trend
SeasonalityCycle Irregularity

18
19

20

73


19901991 156-171

1987 85
6

Time Series21

22

Ng Chin-Keong
The Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast1683-1735

21

22

1997 5
30 II

1988-1 24 1988 2 69
7

23

1707-1735
1717-1732
24

1644-1937 1644-1937

25

23

24

25

Ng Chin-Keong Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast
1683-1735,Singapore:University of Singapore Press,1983,Pp.223-306

1644-1937
1990 4
8

26

""

27
28

26

27

28

1997 6 79

1995 1
2
1993 10
9

29

30

William Skinner
regional system approach31Skinner

29

30

31

1997
6 3-4

1988
1998 100

1992 8 32-33
10

32
33

34

35

36

32

33

34
35

36

(macroregion)
Paul A. Cohe

1991 4 191
Skinner

Skinner

1987 9
2
Paul A. Cohe

191-194

27
30
11

37

Prasenjit Duara
Culture nexus of power

37

Wan Yeh-Chieh, Land taxation in Imperial


China,1750-1911 harvard university Press, Chap.V Pp.84-88.
12

38

39

38

39

()

1900-1942
1994 8 33
1985 590-592
13

40

41

42

40
41

42

1996 193

1997 32

1997
3 7-8
14

43

44

43
44

593-595

1961 21
15

45

46

45
46

219

16

47
48

47
48

88-89

1995 1
306
17

18

1683

49

49

111983
116
19

50

51

52

53

54

55

26
1976 10644
51

52

15
1987 6 1-2
53

1984 53
54

1976 1263
55

1980 12 75-76

50

20

56

57

58

59

60

61
62

63

56

1980 12 70
57

1994 6
1 941
58
942
59

60

61

62
943
63

21

64

65

66

1-1

... .... .

.
....
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...
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.
.

...

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33
1994 4 97

64
65
66

7
1965 10
22

23

1-2

67

68

69

,
,

70

71

72
7374

75

76

, 77
,78

67

942

71
1967

68

69

1965 5

70

71



1996
12

72

1
974 8
943

73
74

26
1967 5

75

76


1989 1 46

77

1990 24
1975 6 48
79
101968
78

24

79

80

1987 6 6-10

1
-2

81

2
2047
81

1979 102-103
80

25

82

1594

83

1594

84
1593
85

1992 1
118120
83

49 1982



1990
84
75
63

15
85

20
1997 5 335
82

26

86

87

1-3

86

1982 16
87

1980 12 110
27

1-4

1-3

246 17

10 15-17


10
18-19

28

6 39

191 14

319 8

1979 303-305575-577580-582

29

1-4


13

27-28



22 36


146 8


12



451 30-31

1979 99328

30

88

1594

1593
1594 1726

1-4

8990

88

457
1987 5 36-38
89

()
1988 4 39
90

154
1982 10 193
31

91

92

93
1742

91

154
1982 10 175
92
176-177
93

(
)1988 4 29-30
32


94
95

96

97

1683

55
1989 12 30 103
95

96
104
97

457
1987 5 42

94

33

1711


34

98

99
1717
100
1011721
1726

102

98

10 66
1960 324

99

1987 187-189
2-1 2-1

101
6
29
1991
102




1993 1626-1635
100

35

2-1



4
6

13
3
6
7

11

12
13

16
17

18
20

139

46
60

47

70
50
48

58
10

14

1986 12 235-237

1685
1784
1788
103

95 1961
186

103

36

104

105

186-188

13196

104
105

37

106

1727

107108

109

106

28
1988 2949-2950

107

10 40

113 1961 51
108

130
1961 68
109
52
38

110
4 180
7 300

111

112

113""""

121 1962
38
111

1998 282
112
67-68
113
138

110

39

1683

114
1724

115
1728
1783

116

34

56

1968 3 6
115
7
116

114

40

1784

1789

1790


117

118

119

156 1962 395-396


144-146
118
21
119

24-25

1994 7 31 11
117

41

120

121

1732
1788

122

1716
123


124

21-22

416-417
122

121 110
123

141 25
124

120

121

42

125

2-4

126

55 1959 70
23-24
126
70 80 70
60 50 50 60
70 77 73

71-77
70-73
125

43

2-2

127
128

2-3

129
127

47-48
447-448
128

71-77
70-73
129

44

2-4

130

2-5

131

132

130

33-34 92-93
131

71-77
70-73
132
2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-2

45

133


1987 179

133

46

1-1

47

48

134

1808

135136

26 1263
1995 1 56
136

300 106-107

134
135

49

137

138

139

140

325

109
139

1985 1985 75
140

17
169
137
138

50

141

142
143
144

145
146

1825 33
1810 164
143

51-52
144

7 24
145
142
146

1964 614-615
141
142

51

147

148

149

150

151

615

151 1962 9
78-79
149
1-6
150
191
151


191-192
147

148

52

152

2-6

16 1811

23 1818
25 1820
5

1825

10 1830

11 1831

183-192

152

192
53

153

153

1995
1995 53
54

154
3-1

155

1980 26

1957 11 47-48

154
155

55

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45

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156

156

1986 12 29
56


157

158

159

1601894

157

48
23

13-1

1994 7 31
273
159
53

2851964 3444
160
Ng Chin-Keong Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast
1683-1735,Singapore:University of Singapore Press,1983Pp153-154 2 7


461964 841
158

57

161

3-2

11

1746 100 300

37

1772 320
160

49

1784 53 1788 360


180 180 140

1804

10

1805 9

14

1809 90 130
180 130
90 70

19

1814 40
70 100
130 180 360

1824

1827 150
100 80
180 360
25800

1971 9 26-28

162

1994 7 31
273-274
162

56 271
1964 3609

161

58

3-2

163

164

165
166
167

163

1992
1992 51
164

165

1992 59
166

167

652

59


168

169

170

171

172

173

51
59
170

41
1977 120
171
5 167
172
461964
841

33 10 12 186 156
173
51
168

169

60

174

175

176

174
175
176

51-52
59-60


61

177

1786
178

179

35 1.2 1971 44
Ng Chin-Keong Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast
1683-1735,Singapore:University of Singapore Press,1983Pp 158
178

1961 163
179

156-157
177

62

180

181

1830

182

183

184
185

180

1961 611
181

219
182

130
183
1980 90
184

1960 80
185
82
63

186
1727
187

188

189

186

()

1964 109
187
Ng Chin-Keong Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast
1683-1735,Singapore:University of Singapore Press,1983P.164
188

1961 561
189

347
64

190

191

1987 217

1966 309

190
191

65


192
193

194

195

196
197

198

1990 2 22

1971 6
15
194

1661 -1943

1991 67-72
195
24
196

1974 259
197

140 1962 172


198

25
192

193

66

199

200

201

202

203

1954 109
2
199
106
200
1988
201
228
202

1998 11 178
203
1661 -1943 31
67


204

3-33-43-53-63-73-8

204

1998 281
68

205
206

207

205

1985
1985 75
206

1980 169
207

1989 6 113
69

3-3

1994
7 31 14

3-4

200
100

100

..

100

40-50

18

70-80

30-40

95

70

3-5

97

3-6

99

3-7

102

71

3-8

104

3-9

3-9

51 289

72

208

209

208

1954

1986 12 25
209

1995
1995 51
73

210

1726

211

212

210

141985 173
211

212

174
74

213

214

215

216

217

213


27
1999 4 28
214
54
215
55
216

217

1988-6 78 1988 11 75
75

218

219

220

218

51
220

Ng Chin-Keong Trade and


Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast 1683-1735,Singapore: University of
Singapore Press,1983P.220
219

76

221

1845

222

223

221


1993
10 288
222

1972 4 15 179
223

77

224


225

1991 5 122
224


2000
6 148
225
151
78

226
4-1 227228229230231
232233234235

226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235

161
1800
1805
1811 1819
1812
1820
1807
1814
1815
1815
79

4-1

42

21

11

14

19

21

151
1962 9 722374345-4647

80

236

237
1784

1997 6 316

1996
12 30 150

236
237

81

4-2 1777

1818
238

4-2

42

23
3

239

151
1962 9 7129

1724 1734

1786
1795
1797

238
239

63

425
82

2401809

241

242

4-3

21

20

20

151
1962 9 24-2548-50133

35-36

396
242
154
240

241

83

243

244

4-4

53

243

1900-1942
1994 8 133
244
134
84


12

14

151
1962 9 8-91542-43

4-5

21

11

151
1962 9 2237

85

1786

1787

2451795
1809

1816

246
247

248

249

245

257-258
246
247
247
256
248

249

86

250

251

252

253
250

5
1964 203

251

171

19

1947 532

252
253

20 540

87

254

255

254

203-204
255

52

1983 189
88

1809

256

257

258

256

260
1964 134

257

9 198

1960
67

258

89

259

260

261

262

259

1960 114

260

213 138
215 139
262
20 540
261

90

263

1716
264

263

9 200

1969 297

264

91

265

266

267

1727

268

265
266

278

267

48231992 177
268

25 626 178
92

269
1717

270

269

1987
3 111
270

1987
3 112
93

271

272

273

274

66
27 654
273

1958
274
70
271

272

94

275

276

275

15
1987 6 178-179
276
6 117
95

277

277

Wang Yeh-Chieh, Land Taxation in Imperial China 1750-1911,


harvard university Press, Chap,1973.V Pp.84-88.
96

5-1

77

32

39

19

44

15

46

1725-1860
1980 28-32

5-2

97

5-1

5-2

Morgen
1656 8,403
23

1684 18,454

8,562

5,049

4,844

32 26,460

10,345

7,249

8,866

10,459

9,229

10,821

12,244

10,944

15,129

11,666

555

12,204

10,960

15,038

13,030

1,819

11,994

11,064

15,352

13,110

3,609

11,402

10,798

14,163

10,497

1,483

1693
49 30,110
1710
13 50,517
1735
9 53,185
1744
20 55,129
1755
2 54,086

5,743

1822

361,417


1725-1860

1980 18 5-2

98

99


278

279

278

1960 28
279
16 1811 19 1893 82
2.2 0.3 16
2000
135
100

280

281

6-1

280

1986 178
281

1996
173-174
101

6-1
1

2,

9,20

S,n066083

4,030

200

493

2,11,23

5,8,29

600 A,n78-19
13 A,n96-03

200
6

13
300

13
300 143 1


300

2
200 165

10

200 197
11

20,5,14

A,n189-137

100

12

13

100
G,n1053

14

43,3,22

360

15

48,10,21

80

16

54, 5,23 51 90

M,n7-625

17

57,4,7

M,n9-856

K,n57-772

55
240

18

55
120

19


55 120

102

20

13,5,13

21

M,n7-664

150
17,6,1

14

M,n10-906

130
22

13
70
13 140

23

14
77 2 2 3 5

24

15
65

25

12
134 4

26

8
180

27

9
300

28

15

29
110

SA
M
K

Gn282

6-2

43

283

1796

284

1800 285

1820

6-1

282

283

177-180

1727-1833

1991 82-83
285
177-180
284

103

286

287
15
1850

288


289

1850
290

1780-1860

1994 6 62-64

6-2
291

292

286

327-329
287
171
288

1954 8 973b
289

17 1958 325-327
290

323-324
291

1780-1860

1994 6
62-64
292
1850

71
104

1851

293

294
295


296

138-139

150
153
295

296

395-396
293
294

105

297
1860

298

297


2001 3
298
124129
106

21

49 1982
15

107

108

109

110

1994
7 31 23-26

111

1.

2.

1803

3.

1807

4.

1809

5.

1811

6.

1813
299

7.

1814

8.

1815

9.

1816
300

10. 1818
301

299
300
301

36-37
152
37
112

1.

1824 302

2.

1829

3.

1833
303

4.

1834
304

5.

1835 305

302

400
303
254
304

424-425
305
151 1962
9 42-43
113


3 0 6

306

1993 11 23 3-3 333-335


114

115


22 1683

58 1719

48

60 1721

307

1723

308

1725

309

1726

310

1728

311

1731

312

313

307

156 1957 11 54

457

2
405
309
1969 3484
310
152 1963 4 4

308

38
68
312

372-373
313
19 1968 3 7

311

116

12 1734

13 1735

314

315

1736

1737

316

1738

1741

317

29 1764

318

319

34 1769

38 1773

320

39 1774

321

42 1777

322

47 1782

48 1783

109

315
33
316
36 1973 178
317
74 1961 3 84
318
121 1962 4 89
319
201
320
19 1958 5 8
321
13
314

63

322

117


323

324

325

49 1784

326

327

328

52 1787

53 1788

329

323

395-396
1968 6 66

324
325

1990 5 14
154
326
68
327

95 1961 1 185-187
7

328

329

179-180

118

54 1789

55 1790

330
57 1792

60 1795

11 1806

13 1808

14 1809

331

332

15 1810

333

16 1811

334

330

144-145

331

398

332

256

333

160 1963 3 164-166

334

17

17
152-154

119

335

18 1813

19 1814

336

20 1815

337

338

21 1816

23 1818

1821

339

1823

340

1824

335

179-180

336

458
337

425

338

247

339

83 1960 9
74

340

164-166

120

341

342

1826

343

1829

10 1830

12 1832

344

13 1833

341

1972
170
342
941
343

344

1972 189

121

345

14 1834

16 1836

346

18 1838

347
20 1840

348

349

21 1841

350

1852

19

12 1873

351

345

1983 6 113

346

965

347

83 1960
9 38

348

62
80
350
135
349

351

2 1957 9 52

122

13 1874

352

1875

17 1891

353

1986

352

56

353

30 1958 11 5

123

1969

28
1988

1979

1969

1961


1991


1968

1994
6 1

1987 3

1983

124

1996

17 1958

1960

1980

4
1957 11

1983

,1960

1995 6

1961

1741
6

1993

1992

151

125

1962 9

1984

1963

1964

300

1964

1964

1966

1987

1994
7 31

41
1977

1980 12

1964

126

1964

1964

1975 6

26
1967

71
1967

130 1961

121 1962

156
1962

66
1960

95
1961


1983

1990

127

2000 6

1998

1947

1987

1987

55
1951

1965

1983

1965


1989 1


1971 6


1974

113
1961

, 140
1962

128

2000 6

2000 6

1976

1995 1

1994

1974

1998 4

Paul A. Cohe

1991 4


1994 8

1990 2

1991 5

1992 1

1989 6

2000

1985

129

1900-1942

1998
11

1996

1997 3 )

1987 9

1993 10

1997 6

1992 8

1986 12

1992 8

1992 1

1996

1996 6

1997 6

130

1725-1860
1980

1997 5 30

1661
-1943
1991

1644-1937
1990

1988 1988
100-102

1976 12
382-384

1987 69-85
100

1987
1987

1972 4 15 177-199

(
)1974 1-44

20

131

1997 5 317-361

25 1954

1983 31-42

15
1987 6 161-190



19901991

1963 9 254-278

33
1994 4 93-112

()1988 4
13-40

1-17

1985
1985 75

1988 183-233

1995
1995 46-58

1992
1992 51-58

132

1992 59-64

1971 9 22-32

1780-1860

1994 6 55-96

1727-1833

1991

1988-6( 78 )1988 11 73-78

1996 12 30 149-165

35-81

1986 161-198

1968 3 1-44

49
1982 15-19

1988-1 24

1988 2 69-77

1997 6 76-80

133

1957-8
1957 8 1 33-40

1995
1995 100-101

1997 27-39

Ng Chin-Keong Trade and Society The Amoy Network on the China Coast
1683-1735,Singapore:University of Singapore Press,1983

Wang Yeh-Chieh, Land Taxation in Imperial China 1750-1911, harvard


university Press, Chap,1973.

,The Secular Trend of Prices during the Ching Period


1644-1911 ,Journal of the Institute of Chinese Studies of the
university of Hong Kong, Vo1 V. No.2,1972.

45-71987 5 25-57

55
1989 12 30 81-110

15-41982 10 120-212

134

28-65


35 12 1971

14
1985 157-188

271999 4 27-47


21 2001 3 124-131

135

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