Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
8 FEBRUARY 2012
Pichai Chaibamrung
Asset Optimization Engineer
Reliability Maintenance Asset Optimization Section Energy Division Thai Kraft Paper Industry Co.,Ltd.
Biography
Name :Pichai Chaibamrung Education 2009-2011, Ms.c, Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering 2002-2006, B.E, Kasetsart Univesity
Work Experience Jul 11- present : Asset Optimization Engineer, TKIC May 11- Jun 11 : Sr. Mechanical Design Engineer, Poyry Energy Sep 06-May 09 : Engineer, Energy Department, TKIC Email: ty_giuly@hotmail.com, pichacha@scg.co.th
Content
1. Introduction to CFB 2. Hydrodynamic of CFB 3. Combustion in CFB 4. Heat Transfer in CFB 5. Basic design of CFB 6. Cyclone Separator
Objective
To understand the typical arrangement in CFB To understand the basic hydrodynamic of CFB To understand the basic combustion in CFB To understand the basic heat transfer in CFB To understand basic design of CFB To understand theory of cyclone separator
1. Introduction to CFB
1.1 Development of CFB 1.2 Typical equipment of CFB 1.3 Advantage of CFB
Drain
Calcination
Sulfation
2. Hydrodynamic in CFB
2.1 Regimes of Fluidization 2.2 Fast Fluidized Bed 2.3 Hydrodynamic Regimes in CFB 2.4 Hydrodynamic Structure of Fast Beds
Distribution Foster 100% 75% 50% 25% 100% <600 <250 <180 <130
Size (micron) HGB <1000 <550 <450 <250 >100 PB#15 <1680 <1190 <840 <590 >420
Where U is gas flow rate per unit cross section of the bed called Superficial Gas Velocity
Terminal velocity is the particle velocity when the forces acting on particle is equilibrium
Furnace Upper SA: Fast Fluidized Bed Lower Furnace below SA: Turbulent or bubbling fluidized bed
Return leg and lift leg : Pack bed and Bubbling Bed
Bed Density Profile of 135 MWe CFB Boiler (Zhang et al., 2005)
core
annulus
core
annulus
3. Combustion in CFB
3.1 Stage of Combustion 3.2 Factor Affecting Combustion Efficiency 3.3 Combustion in CFB 3.4 Biomass Combustion
Volatile release in non-porous particle cause the high internal pressure result in break a coal particle into fragmentation
Char burn under regime I which is mass transfer is higher than kinetic trasfer. The sudden collapse or other type of second fragmentation call percolative fragmentation occurs
Char burn under regime I, II, the pores increases in size weak bridge connection of carbon until it cant withstand the hydrodynamic force. It will fragment again call secondary fragmentation By Chakraphong Phurngyai :: Engineer, TKIC
Limit of Bed temp -Sulfur capture -Bed melting -Water tube failure
High combustion temperature result in high oxidation reaction, then burn out time decrease. So the combustion efficiency increase.
-The effect of this particle size is not clear -Fine particle, low burn out time but the probability to be dispersed from cyclone the high -Coarse size, need long time to burn out. -Both increases and decreases are possible when particle size decrease
August 2010
4. Screen tube & SH#3
- Slag
5.Roof water wall -Change new tubes (4 Tubes) - Overlay tube - More erosion rate 1.5 mm/2.5 months
PB11 Fouling
May2010 6 months
Aug2010 2 months
Oct2010 2 months
Severe problem in Superheat tube fouling Waste reject fuel (Hi Chloride content) Only PB11 has this problems this problems also found on PB15 (SD for Cleaning every 3 months)
By Chakraphong Phurngyai :: Engineer, TKIC
Wood/Forest Residual
Straw,Rice husk
Waste Reject
No effect from fluidization velocity when leave the suspension density constant
Heat Balance
Flue gas
Combustion air
Mass Balance
Mass output
Moisture in fuel and sorbent Fuel and sorbent Make up bed material bottom ash bottom ash
By Chakraphong Phurngyai :: Engineer, TKIC
fly ash
fly ash
6. Cyclone Separator
6.1 Theory 6.2 Critical size of particle
6.1 Theory
The centrifugal force on the particle entering the cyclone is
6.1 Theory
Vr can be considered as index of cyclone efficiency, from above equation the cyclone efficiency will increase for : - Higher entry velocity - Large size of solid - Higher density of particle - Small radius of cyclone - Higher value of viscosity of gas
Actual operation, the cut-off size diameter will be defined as d50 that mean 50% of the particle which have a diameter more than d50 will be collected or captured.
Effective number
References
Prabir Basu , Combustion and gasification in fluidized bed, 2006 Fluidized bed combustion, Simeon N. Oka, 2004 Nan Zh., et al, 3D CFD simulation of hydrodynamics of a 150 MWe circulating fluidized bed boiler, Chemical Engineering Journal, 162, 2010, 821-828 Zhang M., et al, Heat Flux profile of the furnace wall of 300 MWe CFB Boiler, powder technology, 203, 2010, 548-554 Foster Wheeler, TKIC refresh training, 2008 M. Koksal and F. Humdullahper , Gas Mixing in circulating fluidized beds with secondary air injection, Chemical engineering research and design, 82 (8A), 2004, 979-992