Preview: Patient Exam Description: extra/intraoral exam, skeletal/dental malocclusion, cephalometric analysis, space analysis

1. list 4 ways to assess growth o 1. interview information o 2. clinical height/weight o 3. adolescent changes (secondary sex characteristics, facial hair, voice change) o 4. radiographically (ceph)

2. define lip incompetence separation of the lips at rest more than 3-4mm. indicates dentoalveolar protrusion

3. define the "abnormal" mandibular plane angles o steep: long vertical face with anterior open bite o flat: short vertical face with deep bite

4. how is the maxilla's position evaluated with a profile analysis? a line from the bridge of the nose to the base of the upper lip

5. how is the mandible's position evaluated in a profile anaylsis? a line from the base of the upper lip downward

6. how does the nasolabial angle relate to lip protrusion? lip protrusion = nasolabial angle > 90 degrees, < 109 degrees

7. how is the vertical facial relationship evaluated in a profile analysis? dividing the face into 3rds

8. define E-line and how it is used a reference line used to judge lip protrusion drawn from the tip of the nose to the pogonion

9. what are the normal vertical lip to tooth relationships during smiling and

repose?
o o

smiling: lips to gingival margin and dental midline along the long axis repose: 2-3mm of max. incisors showing

10. what are the normal measurements of an overbite? 3mm or 50% of mandibular incisors covered by max. incisors

11. define overjet and overbite of >3mm. (class III usually have a negative overjet)

12. what radiographs are required for the primary dentition? BW and Pano

13. what radiographs are required during a late mixed dentition? evaluation of canines with occlusal or PA radiograph

14. what radiographs are required for the permanent dentition? pano and PBW or FMS

15. what methods are used to measure space in the permanent and mixed

dentitions?
o o

permanent: direct measurement mixed: tanaka-johnston method

16. list 2 ways that space analysis is useful for prediction o 1. a way to quantify the amount of crowding within the arches by comparing the space available vs amount of space required o 2. predict if there will be enough space in the arch without growth modification or surgery

17. list the 6 assumptions underlying space analysis o 1. all permanent teeth are developing normally o 2. width of mand. inc. correlates with width of perm. teeth o 3. prediction tables are valid o 4. mesial molar shift is predictable