Direct and Reported Speech

* Direct Speech: -Is the exact words someone said. -We use quotation marks ( Ex: I speak French she said. ).

Reported Speech: - Is what someone said but not his o r her exact words. -We dont use quotation marks. Ex: She said (that) she spoke (or speaks) French.

Direct Speech
Present Simple I like to play tennis she said Present Continuous Im feeling great he said Past Simple I saw my boyfriend she said Present Perfect Ive never been in Paris he said Present Modal We must go to the supermarket she said Will I will go to the party he said OTHER CHANGES: Tomorrow --------- the next day; the following day Yesterday ---------- the day before Here --------- there This / that ------- the These --------- those The day after tomorrow --------- in two days time Ago --------- before, previously This morning --------- that morning Today ----------- that day Tonight ----------- that night Next /on Tuesday --------- the following Tuesday Last Tuesday --------- the previous *The personal and possessive pronouns must also be changed according to the person referred to. i.e. Peter asked Ann: When are we going to visit your parents? Peter asked Ann when they were going to visit her parents.

Reported Speech
Past Simple She said (that) she likes to play tennis. Past Continuous He said (that) he was feeling great Past Perfect She said (that) she had seen her boyfriend. Past Perfect He said (that) he had never been in Paris. Past Modal She said (that) they had to go to the supermarket Would He said (that) he would go to the party. *STATEMENTS: We use that. (It can be omitted). i.e. John said: I dont like meat ------- John said that he didnt like meat. OR John said he didnt like meat. *WH- QUESTIONS: Reported questions change the word order of the original question: i.e. Whats the time? ------- she asked what time it was. How is your mother? ------ he asked me how my mother was. Word order: wh- + subject + verb + complements *IF / WHETHER QUESTIONS: -Any question, except those starting with any whpronoun: i.e. Are you angry? ----- He asked if/whether I was angry. Did you see the film? ------ She asked if/whether I had seen the film. Word order: if/whether + subject + verb +
complements

EXERCISES: STATEMENTS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. She said: Im waiting for Joan. He said: I dont like the idea. She said: the car isnt at my house. He said: Ill see them soon She said: Im going to the cinema He said: I see the children quite often He said: Ive already met their parents She said: I stayed in a hotel for a few weeks He said: I must go home to make the dinner She said: I havent been waiting long She said: Ill tell them the news on Saturday She said: I can drive He said: I walked home after the party She said: I spoke to Jane last week She said: I dont like this film She said: We went swimming today He said: I met her about three months ago She said: Pete and Sue are getting married tomorrow She said: I really like this furniture They said: We visited her this morning QUESTIONS (WH- AND YES/NO): For example: Which book did you take? (he) He wanted to know which book I had taken. Are you wearing your overcoat? (she) She wanted to know if I was wearing my overcoat. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Did you telephone your mother? (he) Is the box made of cardboard? (she) How much did it cost? (he) Are you meeting the director tomorrow? (she) What are you doing? (he) How far do I have to walk? (she) Have you had anything to eat? (he) Are you in a hurry? (she) When does the performance start? (he) How long does the journey take? (she) Where did you stay in Paris? (he) Have you had any letters? (she) Do you like having holidays abroad? (he) Did you see the accident? (she) Which school did you go to? (he) When did you start learning Spanish? (she) Are you French? (he) Have you ever been to Japan? (she)