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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 1
EC-4-2004 Example-001

STEEL DESIGNERS MANUAL SEVENTH EDITION - DESIGN OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED COMPOSITE
BEAM
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
Consider an internal secondary composite beam of 12-m span between columns
and subject to uniform loading. Choose a UKB457x191x74 in S 355 steel.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING



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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 2




TECHNICAL FEATURES OF ETABS 2013 TESTED

Composite beam design, including:

Selection of steel section, camber and shear stud distribution
Member bending capacities, at construction and in service
Member deflections, at construction and in service
RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are referenced from the first example, Design of Simply
Supported Composite Beam, in Chapter 21 of the Steel Construction Institute
Steel Designers Manual, Sixth Edition.
Output Parameter ETABS Independent
Percent
Difference
Construction M
Ed
(kN-m) 250.4 250.4 0.00%
Construction M
a,pl,Rd
(kN-m) 585 585 0.00%
Construction Deflection (mm) 33.3 33.3 0.00%
Design Moment (kN-m) 628.4 628.4 0.01%
Full Composite M
pc
(kN-m) 1020

1022 0.02%
Partial Composite M
c
(kN-m) 971.2

971.2 0.00%
Shear Stud Capacity P
r
Input 57.6 NA
Shear Stud Distribution 77 76 1.3%
Live Load Deflection (mm) 19.3 19.1 1.03%
Member Properties
UKB457x191x74
E = 205,000 MPa

f
y
= 355 MPa
Loading
w = 8.43kN/m (Dead Load)
w = 2.25kN/m (Construction)
w = 1.5kN/m (Superimposed Load)
w = 15.00kN/m (Live Load)
Geometry
Span, L = 12 m
Beam spacing, b =3 m
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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 3
Output Parameter ETABS Independent
Percent
Difference
Required Strength V
Ed
(kN) 209.5 209.5 0.00%
V
pl,Rd
(kN) 843 843 0.00%
COMPUTER FILE: EC-4-2004 EXAMPLE 001.EDB
CONCLUSION
The ETABS results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.
The shear stud capacity P
r
was entered as an overwrite, since it is controlled by
the deck profile geometry and the exact geometry of the example, which assumes
a deck profile with a rib depth of 60 mm, a depth above profile of 60 mm and a
total depth of 130 mm, cannot be modeled in ETABS, since in ETABS, only the
rib depth and depth above profile can be specified.
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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 4
HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Materials:
S 355 Steel:
E = 210,000 MPa, f
y
= 355 MPa, partial safety factor
a
= 1.0

Normal weight concrete class C25/30:

E
cm
= 30,500 MPa, f
cu
= 30 MPa, density w
c
= 24 kN/m
3

Section:
UKB457x191x76
h = 457 mm, b
f
= 190.4 mm, t
f
= 14.5 mm, t
w
= 9 mm,
A
a
= 9,460 mm
2
, I
ay
= 33,319 cm
4
,

W
pl
= 1,650 cm
3
Deck:
Slab depth D
s
=130 mm, depth above profile h
c
= 60 mm,
Deck profile height h
p
=(60 mm + 10 mm for re-entrant stiffener), s
r
= 300 mm,
b
0
= 150 mm
Shear Connectors:
d = 19 mm, h = 95 mm, F
u
= 450 MPa
Loadings:
Self weight slab, decking, reinforcement = 2.567 kN/m
2

Self weight beam = 0.73 kN/m
Construction load = 0.75 kN/m
2

Ceiling = 0.5 kN/m
2

Partitions (live load) = 1.0 kN/m
2

Occupancy (live load) = 4.0 kN/m
2


Design for Pre-Composite Condition:
Construction Required Flexural Strength:
factored construction
1.25 (2.567 3.0 0.73) 1.5 0.75 3.0 13.91 kN/m = - - + + - - = w
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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 5
2 2
factored construction
13.91 12
250.4 kN-m
8 8
- -
= = =
Ed
w L
M
Moment Capacity:
3 6
, ,
1, 650 10 355 10 585 kN-m
a pl Rd pl d
M W f

= - = - - - =
Pre-Composite Deflection:
construction
2.567 3.0 0.73 8.43 kN/m = - + = w
4 4
construction
4
5 5 8.43 12, 000
33.2 mm
384 384 210, 000 33, 319 10
- - - -
o = = =
- - - - -
ay
w L
E I

Camber 0.8 24 mm, which is rounded down to 20 mm = - o =

Design for Composite Flexural Strength:
Required Flexural Strength:
factored
1.25 0.73 (1.25 2.567 1.25 0.5 1.5 1 1.5 4.0) 3.0 34.91 kN/m = - + - + - + - + - - = w
2 2
factored
34.91 12
628.4 kN-m
8 8
- -
= = =
Ed
w L
M
Full Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Effective width of slab:
eff
2 L 2 12
3 m
8 8
- -
= = = b
Resistance of slab in compression:
3
eff
0.85
0.85 (25/ 1.5) 3, 000 60 10 2, 550 kN

-
= - - = - - - - =

ck
c c
c
f
R b h
Resistance of steel section in tension:
3
355 9, 460 10 3, 358 kN
s yd a
R f A

= - = - - = controls
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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 6
Moment resistance for full composite action:
, , c
3
+R for
2 2
3, 358 (0.457 / 2) 2, 550 (30 70) 10 1022.3 kN-m
c
a pl RD s p s c
h h
M R h R R

(
= + s
(

= - + - + - =

Partial Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Assume 77.5% composite action:
0.775 0.775 3, 358 1, 976 kN
q s
R R = - = - =
Tensile Resistance of web:
3
( 2 ) 8.5 (453.6 212.7) 35510 1, 292 kN

= = =
w w f y
R t D t p
As R
q
> R
w
, the plastic axis is in the steel flange, and
2
2
3 3 3
( )
2 2 4
453.6 1, 976 60 (3, 358 1, 976) 14.5
3, 358 10 1, 976 130 10 10
2 2, 250 2 (3, 358 1, 292) 4
971.2 kN-m
q s q f
c
c s q s
c f
R R R t
h h
M R R D
R R

(
= +
(

(
= - + - - -
(


=

Resistance of Shear Connector:
Resistance of shear connector in solid slab:
2
2
95
0.29 0.8 with =1.0 for 4
4 19
| |
= -o- - - s - - t o = >
|
\ .
Rd ck cm v u v
h d
P d f E f
d

2 2 3
0.29 0.29 1.0 19 25 30, 500 10 1.25 73 kN

- o - - = - - - - - =
ck cm v
d f E controls
2
19
0.8 =0.8 450 1.25 81.7 kN
4 4
| |
| |
- - t - - t =
| |
\ .
\ .
u v
d
f
Reduction factor for decking perpendicular to beam assuming two studs per rib:
( ) ( )
( )
0
0.7
1 0.75 per EN 1994-1-1 Table 6.2
0.7 150
95 60 1 0.72 0.75
60 2
(
= s

= = s (

t p sc p
r
k b h h h
n

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EC-4-2004 Example-001 - 7
0.72 73 52 kN
Rd
P = - =
Total resistance with two studs per rib and 19 ribs from the support to the mid-span:
2 19 52 1, 976 kN
q
R = - - =

Live Load Deflection:
The second moment of area of the composite section, based on elastic properties, I
c

is given by:
2
3
eff
( 2 )
4 (1 ) 12
- + - +
-
= + +
- + - -
a p c
c
c ay
A h h h
b h
I I
n r n

eff
9, 460
0.052
3, 000 60
= = =
- -
a
c
A
r
b h

n = modular ratio = 10 for normal weight concrete subject to variable loads
2 3
4
8 8 4
9, 460 (457 2 70 60) 3, 000 60
33, 320 10
4 (1 10 0.052) 12 10
(6.69 0.05 3.33) 10 10.08 10 mm
c
I
- + - + -
= + + -
- + - -
= + + - = -

4 4
live
live 8
5 5 15 (12, 000)
19.1 mm
384 384 210, 000 10.08 10
- - - -
o = = =
- - - - -
c
w L
E I


Design for Shear Strength:
Required Shear Strength:
factored
34.91 12
209.5 kN
2 2
- -
= = =
Ed
w L
V
Shear Resistance of Steel Section:
,
3
457 9.0 355
843 kN
3 10
pl Rd
V

- -
= =
-