CHAPTER I

A.

Background Since ancient times, the data processing has been performed by humans.

Humans also find mechanical appliances and electronics to help humans in the calculation and data processing in order to get results faster. Computers that we encounter today is a long evolution of human inventions often first form of mechanical or electronic means. No we know, computers have played an important role in society. Society can not escape the role of the computer in his life. computers and society is a study about how to use computers in various aspects of life in society (social computer), how computers influence, even to establish a culture or a new trend. Matters related to the use of computers and the computer on various fields. The computer is not really different from other technology products such as trains, airplanes, cars and so on television. Computers are widely used today as a tool to process various types of data such as processing of the student with a computer, making a list of values, the average grade calculations or reports for the purpose of educational evaluation. Computers are also now widely used to print receipts of utility bills, phone, credit cards and so forth. In making this paper the authors also use the computer as a supporting media for this paper can be solved easily and quickly.

CHAPTER II

B.

Contents Currently the computer and its supporting tools have been included in every

aspect of life and work. Computers are now capable of more than ordinary mathematical calculations. The physicists, electronics and computers have developed a microprocessor is capable of. Such processing is widely used as the control of other power products such as missiles, vehicles, aircraft, cameras, personal computers and this continues to develop in accordance with the times. Basically the computer is used as a tool to store, process and retrieve the data or information required. The field work also began to be affected as shown in the following example for this: Preparation of correspondence to the archives office. Filming in the field of animation and 3-dimensional effects Search based on the book title and author name in the library Administrative services and the quality of medical care in hospitals. Booking tickets on the company's planes flying domestic and international flights. Administration of the country such as data administration personnel, administration, demographic data, ID card, driving license and so forth. The use of computers in industry. etc

Some of the examples above are just a few examples of the use of computers in various fields of work. There are many other areas that have not been mentioned. Appreciation of the impact of a new product does not necessarily have had an intimate knowledge of the product. Observation of the impact of computers in society can be done by utilizing the technology around the community. In the preparation of correspondence to the filing office in desperate need of a role as well as computers. When we create the required data is to use a computer that

will be saved or printed so that the society is easy to read and understand. Computers facilitate and accelerate the work of employees in the processing of the data so that more effective and efficient. So also in the creation, editing a film to be very easy and of course the work or the results obtained can be optimal. By the time a movie editor to make a stunning impression as 3D movies (3 dimension), animation, effects that make the film more prestigious to use existing applications in computer. Suppose that in making a movie files generated every shot must be stored in a computer and will be combined and arranged in such a way that the film is like a real story or the real thing. When a film has been completed and will be published or broadcast would also need a computer in making it rock. From the manufacturing process to delivery of a film can not be separated from the role of the computer. Space and time are the two main problems faced by libraries today. Cost required for storing books, magazines, journals, newspapers and paper continues to swell. Besides this, the burden of the librarian to serve the reader to find the required reading materials are increasingly severe due to the increasing number of readings. This resulted in slow service. The problem addressed by the help of computers. By this computer has been able to replace catalogs and large capacity power. Database systems have also been developed that is able to manage data in a very large number. Advances in information retrieval techniques have allowed the retrieval of the information carried in a short time. Development of computer-assisted molding technique opens new nuances in information storage. Printed book or magazine that is always prepared and checked by computer, so that electronic information can be obtained directly .. While we are looking for a book title, author's name diperpustakaan is that there are hundreds if not thousands of books we might not find by looking one by one book after this book may require many hours of time to be able to obtain it. All of this will be easier and faster by using the computer in her quest to live type the title or author's name and the computer will find the data we need as quickly as possible as long as the user data is saved in a computer database.

In every aspect of human life in desperate need of a role as well as computers. Benefits of computers in everyday life are very numerous and very helpful, simplify,

accelerate human. These fields can be defined in several aspects of the following areas: 1. Business In the field of business, and not only business, using a computer to create documents such as contracts, brochures, letters, annual reports, procedure manuals, policy statements, etc. Document is stored, retrieved, edited, and distributed by a computer using a program that is generally called a word processor (word processing). Earlier memo written on paper and distributed by the letter via the post, is now written on the computer and distributed with the model of electronic mail (email). Lately we hear a lot of progress in the field of information, telekomumikasi and information technology are so rapid-oriented information technology. With the vigorous globlalisasi world today, that information technology is also increasingly prevalent in community life. For people with less knowledge of information technology will be required to recognize and learn to adjust with growing trends. In the business world of information technology has a significant effect, business transactions on-line recorded, processed, and at about the same time (real-time) or information processing results can be seen, as it is commonly done at the bank's customers conduct transactions at ATM (automated teller machine). In the era of the 70s a management expert who predicts that the master of human resources and information to rule the world. It can be proved that before the 21th century the countries and companies that excel are those who have applied since the beginning of information technology as a tool to compete. Information technology has become a weapon (tool) in the company's business processes that can make rapid flow of information running internally and eskternal. Information technology has many roles in helping people and solving problems. Helping People in: increase productivity, improve effectiveness, increase efficiency, improve quality, enhance creativity, problem solving (problem solving). The main usefulness infrormasi technology is helpful in solving problems with high creativity and makes people more effective in use. The principle of "High-tech / high-touch" is the "high-tech" information

technology that we consider, the more important to consider aspects of "hightouch" of information technology is the human aspect. Do not ask human beings to adapt to technology but adapt technology to humans. Responsibility of users of information technology will provide an important role in maximizing the performance of information technology. The role played by the user is to know how to use information technology and its limitations in a variety of situations, the user should be able to use information technology properly and ethically so as not to violate the rights, privacy and the presence of others, users must protect the data and information residing on a computer system or sent over the network, from the loss and damage. 2. Education Current education can be significantly influenced by the use of computers for distance learning activities. If students and teachers use computers or the internet at the same time, this is called synchronous class meetings. If students and teachers to send messages and exchange information at different times, this class is called asynchronous. The term distance education has been commonly used for this popular method to teach a lot of people in the area are scattered. This educational model is also popular among students who have a solid work schedule and are located at great distances. With computers easier for employees of the school administration to make the teaching curriculum, the school timetable, make a list of names of students, make a list of the students, making students absent, making the calculation of employee salaries and planning instruction for school teachers. Education information access via the Internet. As the development of the Internet era has penetrated the sub-level schools, so that access to information more easily available to the advancement of education of each school. The advent of methods of learning a new one, which allows students and teachers in the learning process. With advances in technology creates new methods that make students able to understand abstract material, because the material with the help of technology can be made abstract. Learning systems do not have to go through face to face With the technological advances do not have to bring the learning process of students by teachers, but can also use the internet postal service and others.

With the development of information technology in education, so when it is already possible to place a distance learning using the internet media to connect between students and teachers, see the online students, financial checks, view class schedules, send the tasks assigned faculty and so on, all it has to do. In addition to having a positive uses of information technology also have a negative impact in the educational process include: a) Confidentiality of test kits are increasingly threatened Program Raven intelligence test such as tests, aptitudes Differential Test can be accessed via the compact disk The implications of this problem is, there are psychological tests that will easily leak, and the development of psychological tests to race with the leakage rate through the internet. b) Any use of knowledge for certain people to commit crimes. We know that progress in education also scored high with knowledge generation but have low morale. example with computer science Cleaner then people will try to break through the banking system and others. The dam gain loss of information and communication technology in education is: 1) Advantages: Information required will be more quick and easy access for educational purposes. Innovation in learning is growing in the presence of e-learning innovations that further facilitate the educational process. ICT advances will also allow the development of virtual classroom or classroom-based teleconference that does not require the teachers and students in the same room. System administration in an educational institution will be more easily and smoothly as the application of ICT systems. 2) Disadvantages: ICT advances will also be increasingly mempermudahterjadinya violation of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) for the easy access to data that is causing people to commit fraud will plagiatis.

Although the system of administration of any educational institution as a system without a gap, but if there is a carelessness in carrying out such a system would be crash.

One of the negative impact of television is to train children to think short and survive to concentrate in a short time (short span of attention).

3. Medical Computers can be used to produce a better picture of the patient's body. X-ray is a traditional technique that records two-dimensional image of the bones on film. Computerized Axial Tomography, also known as CAT scan, is a series of X-ray images of two-dimensional coupled with a computer to obtain three-dimensional images. Doctors and nurses make it easier to monitor the health of patients through the patient's heart rate monitors, computer monitors, blood flow, check the organs in patients with X-rays For example, when treatment of the late former President Soeharto at Pertamina Hospital Jakarta, in 2008. With modern technology to monitor, even replace the function of internal organs like heart, lungs and kidneys. It is a medical technology combined with information technology and computers. 4. Military Computers are used to simulate the behavior of aircraft, vehicles and weapons systems to provide practice for the trainees (trainees), and allows them to learn from a deadly mistake. Computers can be recording the performance of trainees and recast so that the trainee can observe their own behavior and learn from such behavior. Many military men entered the battlefield with limited experience in the use of ammunition, but the simulation is very realistic so that they can perform their duties properly. Developed countries like the U.S. have been equipped with satellite equipment is controlled from Earth, to monitor and map the state of the surface of the Earth, the World War II and the latter with Iraq, Americans use Intelligent Network equipped with modern computer technology and information so that it can defeat the enemy.

5. Government The computer is used as a medium of communication / liaison between the government and the people. In the census of government to use the computer to calculate the number of citizens in order to minimize the errors that arise in these calculations so that the government lead its people and its programs run correctly and accurately. Communities can also look after the running of government premises and information obtained from the computer such as internet, the sites of state and news online. all this is a fraction of the usefulness of computers in society, there are many more examples of the usefulness of computers in public life in which all community activities are always closely connected with the computer. Besides causing a positive effect or impact of computers also pose a negative impact for the community, such as a human example of using a computer to defame others, spreading the sites that pornography, gambling and even the computer also misused to steal data or money belonging to others. Usually a hacker, and carder using the Internet to break into someone's account to be able to take his money like a credit card. Important data can also choose the government they get by using the internet as a means to get it. E-government refers to the use of information technology by government, such as using the intranet and the internet, which has the ability to connect the needs of the population, business and other activities. Could be a business transaction process between the public and government through automation and networking systems, more commonly known as the world wide web. At its core e-government is the use of information technology can improve the relationship between government and other parties. use of information technology is then produced new forms of relationships such as: G2C (Governmet to Citizen), G2B (Government to Business) and G2G (Government to Government). Benefits of e-government that can be felt include: a) Services better service to the community. Information may be provided 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, without waiting for the opening of the office. Information can be sought from the office, home, without having to physically come to the office of government.

b) Improved relations between government, business, and the general public. Openness (transparency), the expected relationship between the various parties would be better. This openness eliminates the mutual suspicion and resentment from all sides. c) Community empowerment through information that is readily available. Given sufficient information, the public will learn to be able to make their choice. For example, data about the school: the number of classes, student capacity, passing grade, and so forth, can be displayed online and used by parents to choose the right school for their children.

Implementation of more efficient government. For example, coordination of government can be done via e-mail or even video conferencing. For Indonesia, a vast area is very large, this is very helpful. Frequently asked questions, coordination, discussion between local leaders can do without all must be on the same physical location. No longer any need to fly to Jakarta for a meeting that lasted only one or two hours. Some of the examples above are just a few examples of the use of computers in various fields of work. There are many other areas that have not been mentioned. Appreciation of the impact of a new product does not necessarily have had an intimate knowledge of the product. Observation of the impact of computers in society can be done by utilizing the technology around the community.

CHAPTER III

C. Conclusion
Of some of the examples above we can conclude that almost all activities in society is closely associated with the computer. The use of computers to facilitate a person in carrying out their duties, accelerate the job done and produce something better. In addition to computers has a positive role for the community also has a role or a negative impact for the community. All this depends on the user's computer using the computer for any purpose, not to be misused for the purpose computers are not good as an example: piracy, cracking, pornography, gambling, etc. Once we learn the computer in various areas of life we can deduce not only the use of computers among students or students only, but housewives and even children as young as 5 years have started to learn computers. Usefulness of the computer more years of increasing, either alone or just take advantage of computerization is already connected to the internet access. Besides the computer also has a procedure for the correct position when using a computer, so users do not feel tired even if it means long hours dealing with computers. Health in the use of computers should also be noticed anymore because a lot of influence caused by the computer. In this case the authors caution that people do not forget to pay attention to their children not to use information technology with the things that could damage the next generation. we must be selective in dealing with the development of information technology in order to utilize the technology appropriately.

REFERENCES

Sudirman, Ivan. 2003. Sejarah Komputer. IlmuKomputer.com http://karodalnet.blogspot.com/2009/07/sejarah-komputer.html. http://www.bismillahslamet.com/2009/08/sejarah-komputer-danperkembangannya.html. http://sejarahkomputer.topsolusi.com/. http://devilzc0de.org/forum/forumdisplay.php?fid=21