Mairell Claire de Castro 2POL1

DISCLAIMER: Baka po may kamalian ang ilang impormasyon dito o kung ano man. Nais ko pong ihingi ng paumanhin kayo na lang po ang maglagay ng tama. Nawa po ay makatulong ito sa inyong pag-aaral.
verse Hindu scripture that is part of the ancient Sanskrit epic Mahabharata

HINDUISM 1. Brahmanism- ancient hinduism 2. Varna- Hindu term for caste 3. Casteism a. Brahmin- priest; perform rituals b. Kshatriya- member of the second Hindu castes, the military caste. c. Vaisya- commoners or merchants; ordinary people d. Shudra- A member of the worker caste, lowest of the four Panchamas/ Harijans- They are outcaste. ;the children of God ;The UNTOUCHABLES 4. Dharma- the path of righteousness and living one's life 5. Karma- Sanskrit word:'action'; works or deeds usually refers to ritual actions ; equal reaction either immediately or at some point in the future; Every action has its moral consequences. 6. Samsara-reincarnation; The cycle of death and rebirth in both Hinduism and Buddhism. 7. Maya-sanskrit word: illusion ; true nature of the cosmos 8. Moksha- release, means, in most contexts release from karma and samsara. 9. Trimurti- three forms a. Brahma- the creator b. Vishnu- the maintainer or preserver c. Shiva- destroyer or transformer 10. Rig Veda/ Rig Veda Samhitaancient Indian sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns

14. Upanishads/ Vedanta- end of Vedas 15. Vedas- are a large body of texts originating
in ancient India

BUDDHISM 1. Gautama Buddha- Siddhartha Gautama; founder of Buddhism; Buddhaenligthened one 2. Mahayana Buddhism- greater vehicle 3. Bodhisattva- enlightened (bodhi) existence (satva) 4. Hinayana/ Theravada Buddhism-lesser vehicle 5. Arhat- signifies a spiritual practitioner who has
realized certain high stages of attainment

6. Pali Scriptures/ Pali Canon- the standard

collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pli language

7. Four Noble Truths a. Existence of suffering b. Cause of suffering c. Ending of suffering d. Ending of all pain 8. The Noble Eightfold Path a. Right views b. Right resolve c. Right speech d. Right behavior e. Right occupation f. Right effort g. Right contemplation h. Right meditation 9. Nirvana- an ancient Sanskrit term used
in Indian religions to describe the profound peace of mind that is acquired with moksha

11. Mahabharata/ Descendants of Bharatamajor sanskrit 12. Ramayana-major sanskrit 13. Bhagavad-Gita- the Lords Song; also
referred to as Gita, is a 700

10. Stupa- Buddhist Altar- sacred place 11. Tantrism/ Tantric Buddhism- Vehicle of the Thunderbolt

Mairell Claire de Castro 2POL1

DISCLAIMER: Baka po may kamalian ang ilang impormasyon dito o kung ano man. Nais ko pong ihingi ng paumanhin kayo na lang po ang maglagay ng tama. Nawa po ay makatulong ito sa inyong pag-aaral.

12. Ananda- one of the principal disciples and

a devout attendant of the Buddha.

6. Aingra Mainyu- or Ahriman, the

"Angry Spirit," the chief deity of evil 7. Spenta Mainyu- ('holy spirit') is the god of life and the personification of the good and the light

13. Asoka- was an Indian emperor of the Maurya

Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent

JAINISM 1. Vardhamana Mahavira/ Nataputta Mahavira- the last of the tirthankaras 2. Tirthankaras- human being who in addition to
achieving liberation and enlightenment

8. Astodan/ Ossuary- tower of silence ISLAM (Mohammedanism) 1. Mohammed- prophet and founder of Islam 2. Hegira/Hijrah- the turning point of prophet Mohammed from Mecca to Medina 3. Mecca- holy city in Islam 4. Medina- city of Prophet 5. Five Pillars a. Kalima- creed. One must state: there is no God but Allah b. Salat- prayer must be done five times a day c. Ramadan- fasting it develops self-control, devotion to god, and identity to the needy d. Hajj-pilgrimage it involves set of rituals and ceremonies e. Zakat- almsgiving to the poor

3. Ahimsa- non-violence or non-injury towards any from life; respect for the sanctity of life in all forms 4. Svetambara and Digambara the Jain sects SIKHISM 1. Punjab- a state in the northwest of
the Republic of India

2. Singh/ Singha- is a common title, middle

name, or surname used in South Asia

3. Gura Nanak Dev- founder of Sikhism 4. Govindh Singh- was the Tenth of the
Eleven Sikh Gurus

5. Guru- teacher 6. Granth Sahib/ Adi Granth-first scripture 7. Emblems of the Khalsa- uncut hair, comb, long shorts or trouserds, sword or two-edged dagger, steel bracelet ZOROASTRIANISM 1. Asha/ fire- the symbol of purity 2. Parsis - a member of the larger of
the two Zoroastrian communities in the Indian Subcontinent, a member of the other being an Irani 3. Gabars- any member of the small Zoroastrian minority in Iran. 4. Zarathustra- A Book for All and None

6. Koran/Quran- the holy book of Islam 7. Shariah/ Sharii-ah- the sacred or holy law given in the Quran that includes the traditions and oath of duty for each man 8. Karachi- the center of the Islamic world 9. Shahadah- declaration of faith 10. Shahadataan- bearing witness 11. Kabah- the central sanctuary in the great house of pilgrimage at Mecca 12. Abu Bakr- the first caliph 13. Caliphates- dominion of a caliph
('successor')

5. Ahura Mazda- the source of the alteration of light and darkness

Mairell Claire de Castro 2POL1

DISCLAIMER: Baka po may kamalian ang ilang impormasyon dito o kung ano man. Nais ko pong ihingi ng paumanhin kayo na lang po ang maglagay ng tama. Nawa po ay makatulong ito sa inyong pag-aaral.

a. Abbasid- was the third of the Islamic

caliphates

8. Mandate of Heaven- is a traditional

Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers.

b. Fatimid- caliphate that spanned a vast

area of the Arab World

c. Ummayad- was the second of the

caliphates

9. Chou/Zhou- era of hundred schools; an age of great philosophical activity in China TAOISM 1. Lao Tzu- old scholar/master/child; founder of Taoism 2. Tao/ Dao- the way, road, path, process to nature 3. Art of Wu Wei/ Wei Wu Wei- action through inaction (one achieves everything by doing nothing)or negative pacifism (the best government is the least government, one does not have rulers) 4. Chuang Tzu- was an influential Chinese
philosopher - the Hundred Schools of Thought

14. Alhambra and Taj Mahal- magnificent mosques 15. Imam-teacher 16. Muezzin-prayer leader: the one who chants the call prayer 17. Hajji-the one who completed the pilgrimage to mecca

SHINTONISM-the ancient and classical religion of Japan 1. Kami/ kam-no-michi deities, deified dead, nature 2. Grand Shrine of Ise- in honor of Amaterasu o-mi-kami, the sun-goddess 3. Kojiki- the record of Ancient Matters 4. Nihongi/ Nihon-shoki Chronicles of Japan CONFUCIANISM 1. Confucius/ Kung Fu Tze- founder of Confucianism 2. Mencius/ Meng Tze/ Meng Zi- was
a Chinese philosopher who was arguably the most famous Confucian after confucius

5. Tao the Ching/ Dao de Jing- also simply

referred to as the Laozi ; a Chinese classic text

6. Yin and Yang- male and female principles of forces in the universe JUDAISM-old testament; monotheistic religion 1. Abraham- was Israel's founding patriarch 2. Moses- a religious leader, lawgiver
and prophet, to whom the authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed

3. David- the second king of the United Kingdom

of Israel;ancestor of Jesus

3. 4. 5. 6.

I Ching- a manual of divination Chun Yung- doctrine of the Mean Zhong- the golden rule Ren- supreme virtue(love,goodness,humanity,humanheartedness) 7. Filial-piety - is a virtue of respect for one's
parents and ancestors

4. Solomon- King of Israel 5. Tanakh-the Hebrew scripture the are composed of three sections a. Orthodox- laws and ceremonial of Judaism b. Conservative- historic and religious aspect are important c. Reform-liberal wing of Judaism 6. Talmud-sacred text (second)

Mairell Claire de Castro 2POL1

DISCLAIMER: Baka po may kamalian ang ilang impormasyon dito o kung ano man. Nais ko pong ihingi ng paumanhin kayo na lang po ang maglagay ng tama. Nawa po ay makatulong ito sa inyong pag-aaral.

7. Torah-sacred text; is the Jewish name for

the first five books of the Jewish Bible. 8. Pentateuch- term first used in the Hellenistic Judaism of Alexandria; five books

9. Rabbi- a jewish sage adept at studying the scriptures 10. Synagogue- jewish house of worship 11. Zionism- a worldwide movement for the establishment and the development of the state of Israel 12. T.Herzl-congress in Bassel 1897; jewish state in Israel 13. Diaspora- all jewish communities outside of Israel or in exile 14. Bar Mitzvah- when a 13 yr old boy takes a part in the synagogue service 15. Hanukkah- Jewish Christmas 16. Pesach- passover 17. Yom Kippur- as Day of Atonement, is the
holiest and most solemn day of the year for the Jews.

CHRISTIANITY 1. Jesus Christ- the Savior 2. St. Peter- rock; early Christian leader
and one of the twelve apostles of Jesus.;

3. St. Paul- key role in the transformation of Christianity from Jewish sect to a world religion 4. Bible- holy book