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ABSTRACT

Sunburn is a popular term applied to the marked erythema and pain that
commonly follows injudicious sun exposure. Sunburn is a delayed ultraviolet B-
induced erythema caused by an increase in blood flow to the affected skin that
begins about 4 hours and peaks between 8-24 hours following exposure. The
underlying cause of this vascular reaction is direct and indirect damage to
specific cellular targets from photochemical reactions and the generation of
reactive oxygen species. Damage to DNA, and the activation of several
inflammatory pathways, particularly involving prostaglandins are thought to
trigger this reaction, ultimately leading to vasodialation and edema. Biologic
response modifiers released by both keratinocytes and lymphocytes also play a
role. The development of erythema therefore implies that enough UV damage
has occurred and that inflammatory pathways have been activated. Erythema is
probably best thought of as a total failure of sun protection, and is a marker for
severe UV damage.

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This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Sun Screen Lotion
in providing protection against sunburns and in prevention of skin tanning effect.
Seven volunteers were selected from the list of volunteers and all the 7
volunteers were included in the study. All volunteers were subjected to 40
minutes sun exposure following application of study lotions. Each volunteer
applied 100 ml of study lotion to their forearm with the use of the rubber sheet as
regulator. For universal spread of lotion, 5 standardized circular hand movements
were used. All the volunteers were examined at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes.
The study was conducted on two consecutive days by exposing the skin for 1
hour between 11.45 a.m. to 12.45 p.m. On both days, Sun Screen Screen was
comparable to control lotion in terms of redness, tanning, sunburn and skin
lightening effects after 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes. Skin lightening effect persisted
longer (3 hours) with study lotion and both the lotions were comparable in terms
of prevention of tanning and skin lightening effect during the sun exposure time.
No adverse effects (inflammatory and allergic reactions) were reported or
observed during the study.
From the study results it can be concluded that, Sun Screen Lotion is effective in
providing protection against sunburns and in prevention of skin tanning effect and
is safe for long-term usage.

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INDEX

CHAPTER TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter – I: Introduction
Chapter - II: Research Methodology
Objectives of study.
Population.
Sample.
Questionnaire
Tools & Technique of Data Analysis.

Chapter – III: Analysis & Interpretation of Data.

Chapter–IV: Finding
.
Chapter – V: Suggestions.

QUESTIONNAIRE

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Chapter – I

INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION
Skin is made up of very specific cells and tissues and in the subcutaneous layer
of skin the blood vessels branch infinitely into the dermis to supply the sweat
glands, hair follicles, sebaceous glands and erector muscles with blood. Dermis
contains capillaries, which take care of the nutritional needs of the cells in the
dermis, and they also help the skin perform an important cooling function. The
epidermis has no direct blood supply, instead is supported and fed by the dermis.
Dermis contains several different types of nerve endings: heat-sensitive, cold-
sensitive, pressure-sensitive, itch-sensitive and pain-sensitive. Epidermis
contains one inner layer is called the malpighian layer, which creates the dead
cells and is in direct contact with the dermis, which feeds and supports it and is
the malpighian layer which gets affected during sun tanning.
The malpighian layer has a basal layer, a spinous layer, a granular layer, and an
outer stratum corneum. The cells in stratum corneum are filled with a protein
called keratin. Keratin is a very interesting protein because it is tough - horns,
hair, hoofs, fingernails and feathers all gain their strength from keratin. In the
basal cells in the malpighian layer is another type of cell called a melanocyte,
which produces melanin, which is a pigment that is the source of tanning. The
appearance of the skin is partly due to the reddish pigment in the blood of the
superficial vessels and it is determined by melanin, a pigment manufactured by
the dendritic cells called melanocytes, found among the basal cells of the
epidermis. Their numbers in any one region of the body, which ranges from about
1,000 to more than 2,000 per square millimeter are roughly the same within and
between races; the blondest whites have as many as the darkest blacks. Color
differences are due solely to the amount of melanin produced and the nature of
the pigment granules. When the skin becomes tanned on exposure to sunlight,
the melanocytes do not increase in number, they only became more active. Not
only do melanocytes produce a tan, they are also responsible for the form of
cancer called melanoma. Melanoma is caused by UV radiation damage to
melanocytes. Repeated exposure to UV can cause cancerous mutations.

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Sunlight has three forms: infrared (heat/invisible), visible light and ultraviolet.
Ultraviolet light is classified into three categories: UVA (315 to 400 nm), also
known as black light, which causes tanning, UVB (280 to 315 nm), which causes
damage in the form of sunburn and UVC (100 to 280 nm), which is filtered out by
the atmosphere and never reaches us. Ninety nine percent of the sun's UV
radiation at sea level is UVA. It is the UVB that causes most of the problems
related to sun exposure: like aging, wrinkles and cancer.
Ultraviolet radiation is reflected by different surfaces and these reflections can
amplify the effects of UV exposure. For example, snow reflects 90% of UV light
and sand can reflect up to 20% of UVB. On the other hand, certain things absorb
almost all UV radiation partially or completely, e.g. glass. Most sunscreens use
chemicals that have the same UV-absorbing properties. Ultraviolet light
stimulates melanin production and melanin has the effect of absorbing the UV
radiation in sunlight, so it protects the cells from UV damage and melanin
production takes about over 5 to 7 days. Melanocytes produce 2 different
pigments: eumelanin (brown) and phaeomelanin (yellow and red). In albinos, the
chemical pathway that produces melanin cannot proceed because an enzyme
called tyrosinase is missing and therefore albinos have no melanin in their skin,
hair or irises. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone is produced by the pituitary gland.
In humans, light affects the pituitary gland as well and one result is the
production of MSH. A funny side effect of all this is that wearing sunglasses may
make you more susceptible to sunburn!
Sunburn is a popular term applied to the marked erythema and pain that
commonly follows injudicious sun exposure. Sunburn is a delayed ultraviolet B-
induced erythema caused by an increase in blood flow to the affected skin that
begins about 4 hours and peaks between 8-24 hours following exposure. The
underlying cause of this vascular reaction is direct and indirect damage to
specific cellular targets from photochemical reactions and the generation of
reactive oxygen species. Damage to DNA, and the activation of several
inflammatory pathways, particularly involving prostaglandins are thought to
trigger this reaction, ultimately leading to vasodialation and edema. Biologic

6|Page
response modifiers released by both keratinocytes and lymphocytes also play a
role. The development of erythema therefore implies that enough UV damage
has occurred and that inflammatory pathways have been activated. Erythema is
probably best thought of as a total failure of sun protection, and is a marker for
severe UV damage.
Several lines of evidence suggest a relationship between erythema and DNA
damage and there is enough correlation between pyrimidine dimer yield and
susceptibility to erythema with sun exposure. Wavelengths that are the most
efficient at producing erythema are also the most efficient at producing pyrimidine
dimers. From a scientific point of view, sunburn can be viewed as a marker for a
substantial ultraviolet over-exposure that has clinical implications for skin cancer
risk. It is now appreciated that there is a linkage between a history of repeated,
severe sunburn and increased risk for melanoma and non-melanoma skin
cancer. Ultraviolet light converts 7-dehydrocholesterol flowing in bloodstream into
Vitamin D and sunscreens block or absorb UV light.

Sun protection factor (SPF) rating, by the way, applies only to


UVB radiation
Ideal sun screen lotion
Skin type Details
with SPF

Always burns easily,


I 8 or more
never tans (Sensitive)
Always burns easily, tans
II 6-7
minimally (Sensitive)
Burns moderately, tans
III gradually (Light brown, 4-5
Normal)
Burns minimally, always
IV tans well (Moderate 2-3
brown, Normal)

Barely burns, tans


V profusely (Dark brown, 2
Insensitive)

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Never burns, deeply
VI Not indicated
pigmented (Insensitive)

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Aim of study
This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Sun Screen Lotion
in providing protection against sunburns and in prevention of skin tanning effect.

Study procedure
Seven volunteers were selected from the list of volunteers and all the 7
volunteers were included in the study. All volunteers were subjected to 40
minutes sun exposure following
application of stud y lotions. A rubber sheet of the forearm length, with three
circles of 3 cms diameter each was used to cover the forearm. Each volunteer
applied 100 ml of study lotion to their forearm with the use of the rubber sheet as
regulator. For universal spread of lotion, 5 standardized circular hand movements
were used. All the volunteers were examined at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes.

Primary and secondary outcome measures


The predefined primary outcome measures were development of erythema
(redness), skin tanning, skin burns, skin lightening effect; while, secondary
outcome measures were adverse dermal reactions like burning sensation,
inflammatory or allergic skin reactions.
RESULTS
The study was conducted on two consecutive days by exposing the skin for 1
hour between 11.45 a.m. to 12.45 p.m. On both days, Sun Screen Lotion was
comparable to control lotion in terms of redness, tanning, sunburn and skin
lightening effects after 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes. Skin lightening effect persisted
longer (3 hours) with study lotion and both the lotions were comparable in terms
of prevention of tanning and skin lightening effect during the sun exposure time.
No adverse effects (inflammatory and allergic reactions) were reported or
observed during the study.

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CONCLUSION
From the study results it can be concluded that, Sun Screen Lotion is effective in
providing protection against sunburns and in prevention of skin tanning effect and
is safe for long-term usage.

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Table : Average score of sun protection on treatment with Sun Screen Lotion
Da Minute Redness Tanning Sun burn Skin
y s lightening
effect
SSL-01 Contr S Contr S Contr S Control
ol SL- ol SL- ol SL-
01 01 01
Da 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 1 1
y1 .00 .00 .00 .29 .29
20 0.00 0.00 0.14 0 0.29 0 1 1
.00 .00 .57 .14
30 0.00 0.00 0.07 0 0.14 0 1 1
.00 .00 .43 .21
40 0.00 0.00 0.29 0 0.14 0 0 1
.43 .14 .57 .57
Da 10 0.29 0.29 0.00 0 0 0 1 1
y2 .57 .00 .00 .00 .00
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0 1 1
.29 .00 .00 .00
30 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0 1 1
.00 .00 .57 .00
40 0.00 0.14 0.00 1 0.00 0 1 1
.29 .00 .29 .14
Score: Nil: 0; Mild: 1; Moderate: 2; Severe: 3

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The word 'Ayurveda' comes from the word 'ayur' meaning
'life' and the word 'veda' meaning 'to know'. Ayurveda
means 'the science of life', and is a medical system
practiced in India, Sri Lanka and Nepal.
Ayurveda's mythological origins, though, are attributed to
the Indo-European Nasatya or Aswins, twin physicians of the gods of the ancient Indo-
European pantheon. Four thousand year old references to the Nasatya are found in
the now extinct, Hurrian and Hittite languages in Turkey, and in the Sanskrit language
in India. Ayurveda is considered the upaveda or accessory Veda to the Atharva Veda.
The four Vedas are the world's oldest literary documents in an Indo-European
language.

A classic ayurvedic text, that parallels the time frame of the


Atharva Veda, is the Charaka Samhita. Written in the Indus
Valley area around 1000 B.C.E. (Before the Common Era) in
Sanskrit, it is a treatise on general medicine. This strongly
suggests the probability that ayurveda, though of pan Indo-
European origins earlier, had begun to evolve into a distinct
entity within the subcontinent by the first millennium B.C.E.
Ayurveda's lasting influence in the non Indo-European sphere began after the rise and
spread of Buddhism in the 6th century B.C.E. Buddhist monks introduced Ayurveda to
China, Tibet, Korea, Mongolia and Sri Lanka, leaving a lasting legacy in their medical
systems.

More recently, the German translation of an ayurvedic text that dates back to less than
1000 B.C.E., the Susruta Samhita, contributed to modern medicine the discipline of
plastic surgery. Susruta mentions eight branches in ayurveda - General medicine,
Surgery, ENT and Eye diseases, Toxicology, Psychiatry, Pediatrics, Gynecology,

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Sexology and Virility.

The Himalaya Drug Company, since 1930, has blended ayurvedic expertise with
modern medical research methodology, to extend the science of ayurveda to produce
scientifically verified herbal solutions.

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Mr. M. Manal forms Launch of Serpina, the Dr. Roshan M. Captain, Liv.52, a
The Himalaya Drug world’s first anti- Ph.D., joins the hepatoprotective, is
Company. His vision: hypertensive drug, company and launched and goes on to
Put ayurveda on par derived from Rauwolfia spearheads research become one of the
with modern medicine. serpentina. and development. world’s top-selling drugs.

Mr. Meraj A. Manal, the Mr. Karstein, a German An advanced The company’s R&D
founder’s son, joins the pharmaceutical manufacturing facility is center moves to
company. consultant, directs the set up in Bangalore. The Bangalore. Research
company’s focus facility grows to become and development
towards allopathic the corporate becomes a very
medical practitioners. headquarters. important aspect of the
company’s focus.

The company opens its The Animal Health Himalaya Herbals The company launches
US office at Houston, Product range for launches its personal a special range for pets
Texas. commercial livestock is healthcare products in called the Companion
launched. India. Care range.

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The company adopts a Well-being Division ISO 9001: 2000 Himalaya celebrates
new unified brand formed. certification awarded for seventy-five years.
identity design, manufacture and
marketing of herbal health

HISTORY
Seventy-nine years ago, on a visit to Burma, Himalaya’s founder,
Mr. M. Manal, saw restless elephants being fed with a root to pacify them. The
plant from which this was taken is Rauwolfia serpentina. Fascinated by the
plant's effect on elephants, he had it scientifically evaluated. After extensive
research, Serpina®, the world’s first anti-hypertensive drug, was launched in
1934.

This legacy of researching nature forms the foundation of Himalaya’s operations.


Himalaya uses the tools of modern science to create pharmaceutical-grade
ayurvedic products. We have pioneered research that has converted Ayurveda’s
herbal tradition into a complete range of proprietary formulations dedicated to
healthy living and longevity. Today, these products have found acceptance with
medical fraternities and serve the health and personal care needs of consumers
in over 65 countries

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Ayurveda or the 'Science of Life' is an ancient, holistic system for diagnosis and
treatment, perhaps the oldest system of medicine known to humanity.
Fundamental to ayurveda is the use of well-balanced combinations of plants and
other agents in synergistic formulas.
At Himalaya, we have pioneered the use of modern science to rediscover and
validate Ayurveda's secrets. We employ cutting edge research to create
pharmaceutical-grade ayurvedic products. Natural, effective and safe, these
products have helped thousands of people live healthier, richer lives. Our focus is
on wellness; on helping people get healthy and stay healthy.
At Himalaya, research begins with raw herbs chosen from
traditional texts and from observations and experiences of
indigenous plants. Our team of herbalists study texts, both
traditional and scientific, exhaustively for relevant data. A few
herbs of promising activity are short-listed. Polyherbal
formulations of these short-listed herbs are made in order to provide a wider
scope of pharmacological and cosmetic activity. Multicentered, double-blind trials
according to WHO criteria further assist in scientifically validating the
formulations.
Today, the company has created a state-of-the art Research and
Development facility
at Bangalore, that is one of the best available, for traditional
medicine anywhere in the world. Over 40 qualified doctors and

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scientists are constantly at work, developing and evaluating new drugs and
therapies.
In the 1930's, Himalaya developed a pioneering experimental herb farm, which
grew rare endangered herbs for commercial use. The company today has in
addition to this an unparalleled database of dedicated herb suppliers, an
herbarium, an agrotech division and a nursery.
The standardization of herbal medicine is a more daunting challenge than the
processes used for allopathic medicine. The tabletting of ayurvedic medicine is
more arduous, with multiple granulating, processing and coating variables. Today,
Himalaya's manufacturing unit has the largest coating capacity in Asia.
Researching ayurveda and capturing its benefits in formulations, has been the
hallmark of ayurveda at Himalaya. Using modern research methodology and
manufacturing practice, Himalaya has made available to people all over the
world, an alternate method of treatment, which has no known side effects.

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The Beginnings . . . making of an Indian multinational
The Himalaya Drug Company was founded in 1930 by Mr. M. Manal with a clear
vision to bring Ayurveda to society in a contemporary form and to unravel the
mystery behind the 5,000 year old system of medicine. This included referring to
ancient ayurvedic texts, selecting indigenous herbs and subjecting the
formulations to modern pharmacological, toxicological and safety tests to create
new drugs and therapies.
Seventy nine years ago, on a visit to Burma, Mr. Manal saw
restless elephants being fed with a root to pacify them. The
plant from which this was taken is Rauwolfia serpentina.
Fascinated by the plant's effect on elephants, he had it
scientifically evaluated. After extensive research, Serpina , the world's first anti-
hypertensive drug, was launched in 1934.
The legacy of researching nature forms the foundation of Himalaya's operations.
Himalaya has pioneered the use of modern science to rediscover and validate
ayurveda's secrets. Cutting edge technology is employed to create
pharmaceutical-grade ayurvedic products. As a confirmation that
Himalaya is dedicated to providing the highest quality and
consistency in herbal care, the Company was awarded an ISO 9001:2000
certification in 2003.
Since its inception, the company has focused on developing safe, natural and
innovative remedies that will help people lead richer, healthier lives. Today,
Himalaya products have been endorsed by over 250,000 doctors around the
globe and consumers in over 65 countries rely on Himalaya for their health and
personal care needs.

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Mission
Establish Himalaya as a science-based, problem-solving, head-to-heel brand,
harnessed from nature's wealth and characterized by trust and healthy lives.

Develop markets worldwide with an in-depth and long-term approach,


maintaining at each step the highest ethical standards.

Respect, collaborate with and utilize the talents of each member of the Himalaya
family and the local communities where Himalaya products are developed and/or
consumed, to drive our seed-to-shelf policy and to rigorously adopt eco-friendly
practices to support the environment we inhabit.

Ensure that each Himalaya employee strongly backs the Himalaya promise to
exceed the expectations of the consumer, each time and every time. Nothing less
is acceptable.

Brand Identity . . . the promise of health, well-being and a prescription for


good living
The Himalaya brand has much in common with the mountain range from which it
draws its name. For centuries, the Himalayas have been an icon of aspiration, of
man's quest to unlock Nature's secrets. They represent purity and lofty ideals.
The fact that the Himalayas are the source of many of the herbs that are used in
our products, makes our brand name all the more appropriate.

The Himalaya logo is a visual definition of its brand identity. The leaf that forms
the crossbar of the letter H evokes the company's focus on herbal healthcare.
The teal green represents proximity to nature, while the orange is evocative of
warmth, vibrancy and commitment to caring. The Himalaya brand carries with it
the promise of good health and well-being.

Location . . . largest tablet-coating unit in the country


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Starting off operations in Dehradun way back in the 1930s, the company later
spread its wings to Mumbai and across the country. In 1975, the company set up
an advanced manufacturing facility in Makali, Bangalore, India, which today
houses the Corporate headquarters. In 1991, the company relocated its R&D
facility to Bangalore. The manufacturing facility at Makali has the largest tablet-
coating unit in the country. Over one crore tablets are punched every day.

Research & Development . . . each Himalaya product undergoes years of


primary research and clinical trials before it reaches the market
Himalaya has a well-defined Research and Development policy.
It states that no investment is too much when it comes to
scientifically creating safe drugs and therapies.
Himalaya's history is one of innovation through research. The
company believes that the ideal healthcare system lies in the synergy between
ayurveda and modern science. Himalaya's constant endeavor is to create
innovative products that satisfy the health and personal care requirements of
contemporary living.
Himalaya prides itself on being a completely research-oriented company. Indeed,
it is this emphasis on R&D that allows Himalaya to produce safe, efficacious and
consistent remedies using ayurvedic principles.
The R&D department is focused on product development, quality control and
standardization. All products are derived through rigorous research and produced
in state-of-the art facilities. The products represent commitment to continuous
investment in the best people, practices and technology. Himalaya does not
support "Borrowed Science" or the practice of using published literature to
substantiate efficacy claims. Each Himalaya product undergoes years of primary
research and clinical trials before it reaches the market.

Products
Himalaya's products can broadly be categorized into three main ranges, viz:

• Pharmaceutical

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• Personal Care
• Animal Health

Pharmaceutical Range . . . health maintenance, eye, cardiac and skin care,


immune booster and cough control
The medicinal range of products carry the Himalayan hallmark of researching
ayurveda and capturing its benefits in formulations. Using modern research
methodology and manufacturing practice, Himalaya has made available to
people all over the world, an alternate method of treatment, which has no known
side effects.
The medicinal range comprises over 35 products and is broadly classified into
four categories viz:

 Children's Health
 Men's Health
 Women's Health
 General Health

Liv.52, Bonnisan, Himplasia, Menosan, Reosto, Tentex Royal


Prominent among Himalaya brands is Liv.52, a liver formulation,
which is also the flagship brand of the company. Every one-third of
a second, one unit of Liv.52 is bought somewhere in the world. It is
ranked number one in the hepatoprotective - lipotropic segment
and number four among all pharmaceutical products in India. (ORG
Marg, July 2003). Liv.52 celebrates fifty years in 2005.
In 1972, continuing its tradition of introducing safe and natural remedies,
Himalaya launched Bonnisan, a natural pediatric digestive tonic. A formulation
based on years of research and clinical testing, the product found wide
acceptance among doctors and mothers alike. The sweet tasting tonic became a
trusted part of a baby's growing up.
After extensive work on the formulations and related clinical research, Himalaya
introduced Menosan, a herbal non-hormonal product for menopausal women,

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Reosto, a comprehensive therapy for osteoporosis and Himplasia, a unique
product for benign prostatic hyperplasia, a new dimension in BPH management.
Some of the other well known products are Abana, Cystone, Gasex, Geriforte,
Rumalaya, Diabecon, Mentat, Koflet, Himcolin, Septilin, Pilex, PureHands, etc.

Personal Care Products . . . Health Care, Oral Care, Hair Care, Skin Care
and Baby Care.
Himalaya has used its wealth of knowledge and research, in natural herbal
remedies, to formulate a range of personal care products that cater to daily
health needs. This range offers the goodness of natural solutions for daily use by
the complete family.
The use of natural ingredients in personal care products has been practiced
since time immemorial, leading to increased use of herbs with a curative value.
Modern research proves that herbs while being effective are also mild and
soothing.
Launched in 1999, Himalaya Herbals is a range of natural herbal personal care
products spanning Health Care, Oral Care, Hair Care, Skin Care and Baby Care.
The range comprises of fairness cream, soap-free face washes, facial cleansers,
face toners, moisturizers, soap-free shampoos, conditioners, hair-loss control,
weight control, pimple control, foot care, multi-purpose creams, skin nutrients,
dandruff control, anti-stress, digestive health, pain relievers, cough & cold
relievers, oral care and baby care products.

Pure Herbs, Chyavanaprasha and Forest Honey


Pure Herbs, the pure and concentrated strength of a single herb in the right
measure, stimulate & improve body functions.

Himalaya Pure Herbs is a range of individual herb extracts. Each Pure Herb is
the result of strict monitoring from the farm to the lab. At the lab, Himalaya's
proprietary techniques are used to extract the optimum value of each herb. This
is followed by rigorous tests by R&D team for potency and consistency.

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The actions of these extracts benefit the body, irrespective of the individual's
body constitution, state of health and metabolic functions. Everyone can benefit
from the goodness of these herbs, irrespective of age, sex, body type or other
health related factors.
The Pure Herbs range comprises of the following:

• Amalaki: Useful in treating cough, cold, sore throat and respiratory tract
infections. It protects cells from free radical damage and is an excellent
anti oxidant.
• Arjuna: This herb improves blood circulation and is used as a tonic for the
heart.
• Ashvagandha: Commonly known as Winter Cherry, this herb acts as an
ant-stress agent that imparts a sense of well-being and helps in coping
with life's daily stresses.
• Brahmi: A well-known herb that helps in improving general alertness.
• Karela: Commonly known as Bitter Gourd, it is known to aid in the
metabolism of carbohydrates.
• Lasuna: Commonly referred to as Garlic, Lasuna helps in controlling the
excess conversion of lipids and cholesterol.
• Neem: A popular herb, Neem has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and blood
purifying properties. It is very useful in skin disorders and helps maintain a
healthy, beautiful and glowing skin.
• Shuddha Guggulu: It regulates fat metabolism and helps remove excess
cholesterol from the body.
• Shallaki: This herb treats joint problems.
• Tagara: It has mild sedative properties, which are useful for insomnia and
sleep disorders.
• Triphala: A digestive aid compound and a bowel cleanser.

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• Tulasi: It has anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties, and is useful
in respiratory tract infections like dry or wet cough, cold and sore throat.

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Chyavanaprash
a: Himalaya
Chyavanaprash
a is a unique
combination of
ancient wisdom
and modern
science. Its
natural
ingredients are
tested to ensure
the highest
levels of purity.

Honey: Pure
unadulterated
Himalaya Forest
Honey is
sourced from
India's
untouched
forests.

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Introduction
At Himalaya, we pride ourselves on being a completely research oriented
company. Indeed, it is this emphasis on R&D that allows us to produce safe,
efficacious and consistent remedies using ayurvedic principles.
Our R&D department is focused on product development, quality control and
standardization. All our products are derived through rigorous research and
produced in state-of-the art facilities. They represent our commitment to
continuous investment in the best people, practices and technology. We do not
support "Borrowed Science" or the practice of using published literature to
substantiate efficacy claims. Each Himalaya product undergoes years of primary
research before it reaches the market.

Recognition

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In March 2001, we were granted a "Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)"
Certificate, issued by the Licensing Authority, Directorate of Indian Systems of
Medicine, Bangalore. Himalaya is the first Ayurvedic facility to get GMP
certification in the country.

We are the only phytopharmaceutical company whose ayurvedic product, Liv.52,


a hepato-protective formula, is registered as a 'pharmaceutical specialty' in
Switzerland.

Our R&D wing has been recognized as a Research Center by the Rajiv Gandhi
University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, India.

Quality Assurance

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Quality covers two areas - Quality Assurance and Quality Control.
Pharmaceutical products are designed and developed with the following
requirements -
GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices)
GLP (Good Laboratory Practice)
GCP (Good Clinical Practice)

GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) for pharmaceuticals include


assessment of quality, safety & efficacy:

a. Crude plant material - pharmacognosy


b. Plant preparation - analytical
c. Finished product - formulation and development
d. Stability - stability studies are conducted on all our products as per ICH
(International Conference for Harmonization) guidelines to ensure quality
of the product throughout its shelf-life

Safety Assessment

a. Toxicological studies - acute, subchronic, chronic, and teratogenicity

Efficacy assessment

a. Activity - pharmacological
b. Clinical studies - phases I, II, & III

Formulation of products

1. Identification (Literature surveys of ancient classical texts and scientific


literature)
2. Pharmacognosy - microspical identification, macroscopical identification,
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Research Activities

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Pharmacognosy

Establish bona fides of herbal materials through morphological and microscopic


studies

Maintain herbarium of phyto-medical materials.

Formulation and Development

Pre-formulation studies to check the biochemical action of ingredients.

Trials to assess safety and efficacy of formulations.

Accelerated stability trials to check physical, chemical, microbiological and


biological aspects of formulations.

Standardize processes for uniform quality.

Transfer of technology to the production department.

Immuno-pharmacology

Study the mechanism of drug action at a molecular level.


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P
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Himalaya produces quality polyherbal formulations. To
monitor quality, many endangered herbs are grown by the
Company on its farmland. The principles of Good
Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are rigorously followed in the
plant and the Company prides itself on being environment
friendly. As part of the environment control system, it had
installed a modern effluent treatment plant long before
regulations mandated it. A high stress on quality, several
quality circles and special project teams working on Total
Quality Management (TQM) projects make quality a way of
life in Himalaya.
The manufacturing plant uses automatic, high-speed
punching, coating and filling machines. The tablet coating
facility is one of the largest in India. The plant can produce
nearly 5 billion tablets and 60 million bottles of liquids
annually.

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Himalaya's history is one of innovation through research.
Our quest to produce natural, safe and effective remedies
has been driven by several factors: an enduring belief in
the power of ayurveda, a close observation of nature and
the systematic application of primary research methods
for validation and testing.

We believe that the ideal healthcare system lies in the synergy between
ayurveda and modern science. It will be our constant endeavor to create
innovative products that satisfy the health and personal care requirements of
contemporary living.

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Action

Over exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays seriously


threatens human health. Besides sunburn, prolonged
exposure to UV radiation can cause premature aging,
suppression of the immune system and even skin cancer.
Himalaya Herbals Protective Sunscreen Lotion is a double
action formulation that protects you from harmful UV rays
and nourishes your skin.

Usage
Apply liberally on exposed skin like face, neck and arms before going outdoors
during the day. Avoid area around eyes.
Suitable for all skin types. Dermatologically tested. No harmful chemicals

Indications
1. Protection from UVA & UVB rays

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2. Prevents skin darkening
Helpful tips

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Helpful tips to protect your skin from the sun's harmful UV rays

Limit exposure to the sun from 11 am to 4 pm - this is when the sun's rays are
strongest.

Shield yourself with an umbrella, hat, sunglasses and long-sleeved clothing


when you go out. These physically block out the sun's harmful rays.

Use broad-spectrum sunscreens with active ingredients that block both UVA and
UVB rays.

Sunscreens should be used every day, including cloudy days.

Use sunscreens with SPF* 15. This offers adequate protection for everyday use.

Sunscreens should be applied liberally and evenly before going outdoors during
the day.

* SPF - Sun Protection Factor

Pack Size

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Protective Sunscreen Lotion is available in pack sizes of 50ml and 100ml.

Composition
Protective Sunscreen Lotion contains the following ingredients:
Hedychium spicatum (Spiked Ginger Lily, Gandhapalashi) protects the skin from
UV rays.

Aloe vera (Barbados Aloe, Kumari) moisturizes the skin.

Alpinia galanga (Greater Galangal, Mahabharivacha) has skin protectent action,


protectent against UV rays, boosts the activity of conventional sunscreens.

Pyrus malus (Crab Apple, Seva) prevents skin cell degeneration and premature
skin aging.

Daily use Protective Sunscreen Lotion is a double action formulation suitable for
all skin types.

Over exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays seriously threatens human
health. Besides sunburn, prolonged exposure to UV radiation can cause
premature aging, suppression of the immune system and even skin cancer.
Himalaya Herbals Protective Sunscreen Lotion is a double action formulation that
protects you from harmful UV rays and nourishes your skin.

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Indications:

• Protection from UVA & UVB rays


• Prevents skin darkening

Action:

• Protection: The breakthrough of the herbal extract Cinnabloc gives long


lasting protection from harmful UVA and UVB rays, and prevents skin
darkening.
• Nourishment: The lotion provides nourishmetn with ingredients like Aloe
vera that moisturizes the skin and Apple extracts, that prevent skin cell
degeneration and premature skin ageing.

Ingredients:

Protective Sunscreen Lotion contains the following ingredients:

• Hedychium spicatum (Spiked Ginger Lily, Gandhapalashi) protects the


skin from UV rays.
• Aloe vera (Barbados Aloe, Kumari) moisturizes the skin.
• Alpinia galanga (Greater Galangal, Mahabharivacha) has skin protectent
action, protectent against UV rays, boosts the activity of conventional
sunscreens.
• Pyrus malus (Crab Apple, Seva) prevents skin cell degeneration and
premature skin aging.

Usage:

Apply liberally on exposed skin like face, neck and arms before going outdoors
during the day. Avoid area around eyes.
Suitable for all skin types. Dermatologically tested. No harmful chemicals.

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Packaging:

A bottle of 100ml of product.

Indications:

• Protection from UVA & UVB rays


• Prevents skin darkening

Action:

• Protection: The breakthrough of the herbal extract Cinnabloc gives long


lasting protection from harmful UVA and UVB rays, and prevents skin
darkening.
• Nourishment: The lotion provides nourishmetn with ingredients like Aloe
vera that moisturizes the skin and Apple extracts, that prevent skin cell
degeneration and premature skin ageing.

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OTHER SUNSCREENS IN MARKET

Lakme Sun Expert


Sunscreen Lotion

For All Skin types


Lakme Sun Expert Sunscreen Lotion SPF-15
For All Skin types

A 100% oil-free formulation that protects normal skin from 70% of skin damage.
Specially formulated for Indian skin that tans easily, new Lakme Sun Expert has
SPF 15 to prevent tanning and block out harmful rays.

How it Works
Moisturises, nourishes and prevents tanning, wrinkling, spots and keeps skin
soft.

How to Use
Massage gently onto face, neck, hands and other exposed parts of the body. Use
daily, all year round, whether you are indoors or outdoors. .

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Shablock
Ayurvedic Sun Block Cream
This formulation is enriched with herbal ingredients that have an in-built resistance to
ultraviolet radiation. It provides the skin with an intensive moisturising system,
protecting it from sun-damage and making it soft and smooth.
Method of use : Apply evenly on face and all over exposed skin 20-30 minutes prior
to sun exposure.
Skin Care: For all types of skin.

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Chapter – II

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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Research Methodology

R = REQUIREMENT
E = ESTIMATION
S = SEARCHING
E = ENQUIRY
A = ALLOCATION
R = RAW DATA
C = CREATIVITY
H = HELPFUL FOR SOCIETY WELFARE
Methodology is the way to systematically solve the research problem. Research
methodology just does not deal with research methods but also considers the
logic behind the methods. It may be understood as a science of studying how
research is done scientifically and systematically. In studying research problem
along with the logic behind them it is necessary for the researcher to know the
research methods, techniques. He must also clearly understand that the
producer would apply it to the problem given to him. All this means that it is
necessary for the researcher to design methodology from problem to problem.

Research methodology may be summarized in the following steps –


1. Defining the research objective.
2. Preparing the research design.
3. Implementation of the research design.

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- OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To find out the brand perception of Himalaya herbals


 Awareness regarding the Himalaya sunscreen lotion

POPULATION
Population is the total area, no of person, who are the subject of the study. To
determine the population is the first step of any research; it defines the boundaries of
research.

SAMPLE

A sample is a finite no. of units taken for the purpose of study out of the
universe; the sample is selected for the convenience of study. For this,
optimum sample should be selected and the selected sample should
represent whole universe.

It is neither feasible nor desirable to go to each and everyone, so


sampling is done.

QUESTIONNAIRE

A questionnaire is a device for collection of data from large, diverse


and widely scattered group of people. It can be a most useful tool for
gathering information from respondents.
Keeping in mind the objectives of the study a questionnaire is
prepared.

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TOOLS AND TECHNIQUE OF DATA COLLECTION

Data is collected with the help of questionnaire. It was collected in all the
hours of the day. And for the analysis of the data “PERCENTAGE
METHOD” has been used

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CHAPTER-III

ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION

OF

DATA

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ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Do you use any sunscreen lotion ?

YES 80%

NO . 20%

20%

80% yes
no

INTERPRETATION

By the above research it is observed that almost 80%people uses


sunscreen lotion & most of them near about 60% are women.

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WHAT BRAND OF SUNSRCREEN LOTION DO YOU USE ?

LAKME 40%

SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN 20%

PONDS 10%

GARNIER 15%

HIMALAYA 5%

OTHER’S 10%

10%
5%
40%
15%
lakme
shnz hsn
10%
ponds
20%
garnier
himalaya
others

INTERPRETATION

It is cleared that peoples who use sunscreen lotion likes Lakme the most.&
the Himalaya Sunscreen lotion is not much used by people.

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DO YOU AWARE OF HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

YES COMPLETELY 25%

NOT SO MUCH 60%

NO 15%

15%
25%

yes completely
not so much
60% no

INTERPRETATION

Very few people are aware of Himalaya sunscreen lotion that’s why the sale of it
is very low.

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WHAT IS THE MAIN FEATURE OF HIMALAYA PRODUCTS ?

EASILY AVAILABLE 40%

NON CHEMICAL 25%

NO SIDEFFECTS 10%

HERBAL PRODUCT 25%

25%
40% easily available
non chemical
no sideeffects
10%
herbal product
25%

INTERPRETATION

People uses Himalaya product because it is easily available in the market & it it
non chemical.

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WHAT ARE REMEDIES OF HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION.

NOT AVAILABLE 25%

COSTLY 25%

NO PROMOTION 40%

OTHERS 10%

10%
25%

40%
25%
not available
costly
no promotion
others

INTERPRETATION

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The main cause behind the failure of sunscreen lotion is less sales
promotion.

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IN YOUR OPINION WHICH BRAND IS NUMBER 1 BRAND OF
SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

LAKME 55%

SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN 10%

PONDS 10%

GARNIER 15%

HIMALAYA 8%

OTHER’S 2%

8% 2%
15%

lakme
10% 55% shnz
hsn
10%
ponds
garnier
himalaya
others

INTERPRETATION

According to customers & the survey users likes the Lakme sunscreen
lotion most & they believe it is no.1

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WHAT YOU THINK ABOUT OTHER PRODUCTS OF HIMALAYA OTHER
THAN SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

VERY GOOD 25%

QUITE GOOD 40%

PRTIALLY 30%

BAD 3%

VERY BAD 2%

2%

2%

3% 25%

29%
very good
quite good
partially
39%
bad
very bad
others

INTERPRETATION;

Customers likes other products of Himalaya.

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WHAT TYPE OF HIMALAYA PRODUCT DO YOU USE IN YOUR
HOME?

BABY CARE 25%

HAIR CARE 15%

SKIN CARE 25%

HEALTH CARE 30%

OTHERS 5%

0%

5% 25%

30%

baby care
hair care
15%
skin care
25%
health care
others
others

INTERPRETATION

Peoples use almost all products of haimalaya.

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Do you get information about latest product launched by Himalaya ?

YES 30%

NOT FULLY 50%

NO 20%

33%

67% 0% yes
not fully
no

INTERPRETATION

It is cleared that half of the customers are not fully updated by Himalaya
herbal company.

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DO YOU SATISFIED BY HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

SATISFIED 10%

PARTIALLY SATISFIED 15%

DISSATISFIED 60%

STRONGLY DISSATISFIED 15%

10%
15%
15%
satisfied

partially satisfied

60% dissatisfied

strongly
dissatisfied

INTERPRETATION

By the above data it is being understood that sunscreen lotion of Himalaya is


failed in market.maximum no.of cutomers are dissatisfied by it.

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OVERALL SATISFACTION WITH HIMALAYA

SATISFIED 30%

PARTIALLY SATISFIED 40%

DISSATISFIED 25%

STRONGLY DISSATISFIED 5%

5%
30%
25%
satisfied

partially satisfied

40% dissatisfied

strongly
dissatisfied

INTERPRETATION

Rather than sunscreen lotion customers are satisfied by other products of


Himalaya.

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Chapter –I V
FINDINGS

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 The first reason I found behind the failure of Hiamalaya sunscreen lotion
is there sale promotion.they are not spending much money to the
advertisement of there sunscreen lotion.
 They are unable to compete with there competitors.
 There distributing chain is limited upto big cities.
 There products are very costly in compare to other Herbal Products.
 They are not updating there customers completely about there new
products.

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Chapter – V

SUGGESTIONS

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 Change marketing strategies for sales promotion of sunscreen lotion.
 Expand distribution channel
 Make customers update time by time.
 Manufacturing some small pack so that price may be lower
 Must try to cover small towns & villages also so that the sale increase.
 Make people aware of Himalaya Sunscreen lotion.

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Bibliographie

www.himalayaherbals.com

www.google.com

www.yahoosearch.com

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QUESTIONNAIRE

Respected Sir/Madam,
I am Shantanu Sengupta MBA student of

DIMAT,Raipur.Conducting the survey on the topic “MEASUREMENT OF BRAND

AWARENESS & BRAND PERCEPTION OF HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION’


.
PERSONAL DETAILS OF THE RESPONDENT :

1.NAME :-

2.AGE :-

3.GENDER :-

4.OCCUPATION :-

5.ADDRESS :-

1. Do you use any sunscreen lotion ?

YES

NO .

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2. WHAT BRAND OF SUNSRCREEN LOTION DO YOU USE ?

LAKME

SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN

PONDS

GARNIER

HIMALAYA

OTHER’S

3. DO YOU AWARE OF HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

YES COMPLETELY

NOT SO MUCH

NO

2. WHAT IS THE MAIN FEATURE OF HIMALAYA PRODUCTS ?

EASILY AVAILABLE

NON CHEMICAL

NO SIDEFFECTS

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HERBAL PRODUCT

3. WHAT ARE REMEDIES OF HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION.

NOT AVAILABLE

COSTLY

NO PROMOTION

OTHERS

4. IN YOUR OPINION WHICH BRAND IS NUMBER 1 BRAND OF


SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

LAKME

SHAHNAZ HUSSAIN

PONDS

GARNIER

HIMALAYA

OTHER’S

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5. WHAT YOU THINK ABOUT OTHER PRODUCTS OF HIMALAYA
OTHER THAN SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

VERY GOOD

QUITE GOOD

PRTIALLY

BAD

VERY BAD

6. WHAT TYPE OF HIMALAYA PRODUCT DO YOU USE IN YOUR HOME?

BABY CARE

HAIR CARE

SKIN CARE

HEALTH CARE

OTHERS

7. Do you get information about latest product launched by Himalaya ?

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YES

NOT FULLY

NO

8. DO YOU SATISFIED BY HIMALAYA SUNSCREEN LOTION ?

SATISFIED

PARTIALLY SATISFIED

DISSATISFIED

STRONGLY DISSATISFIED

9. OVERALL SATISFACTION WITH HIMALAYA

SATISFIED

PARTIALLY SATISFIED

DISSATISFIED

STRONGLY DISSATISFIED
DATE:

PLACE:

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