Math

244: Final Exam Review Sections Covered: 1.2-1.4, 1.6, 1.7, 2.1-2.6, 3.4, 4.3--4.6, 5.6, 5.8, 6.1-6.3, 6.5, 7.4 Suggestions: Review homework problems from the above sections. Pay attention to the way questions are worded so that the directions will be meaningful for you on the exam. No calculators, ipods, phones, etc. will be allowed. There will be a paper calculator that will be helpful for some problems. Be able to do the following: o Classify equations: By their order, whether or not they are linear, whether they are a PDE or ODE. (e.g. 1-6 in 1.2) o Know how to show a function is a solution of an ODE (ordinary differential equation) or an IVP (initial value problem). ( e.g. 7-22 in 1.2) o Solve ODEs and IVPs by an appropriate method of solution. (Dont use a method when it cannot be used!) 1. integration (rarely possible!!! See 30-37 in 1.2); 2. separation of variables; (1-15 in 1.4) 3. integrating factors; (1-18, 22, 26, 27 in 1.6); 4. Linear ODES with constant coefficients (see chapter 6 review info below) . o Solve ODEs and IVPs for current or charge in an RC or RL circuit. (9-19, 1.7) (Know that current is the derivative of charge relative to time.) o o o o o Sketch or identify slope fields for a first order ODE of the form 1.3.) Find approximate solutions curves to an ODE or IVP using slope fields. Correctly apply the Existence and Uniqueness Theorem for IVPs of the form , . (See the worksheet from

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Section 2.1: Know the precise meaning of all terms in boldface in the section. Section 2.2: Be able to add, scale, and multiply matrices when possible. Know the meaning of terms in boldface except index form and Kronecker delta. Know the content of Theorems 2.2.9, 2.2.17, and 2.2.21. Be able to do any problems like those assigned from 2.2. Section 2.3: Know all terms in boldface. Be able to do any problems like those assigned from 2.2. Especially be able to go from one form of a linear system to another (6-10), and know how to show whether or not a vector is a solution of a linear system (1-4). Section 2.4: Know the meaning of all terms in boldface. Be able to find the reduced or row reduced echelon forms of a matrix by hand, including showing the row operations you use at each step. Write a linear system in matrix form as well as vector form. Write Ax = b in vector form and as a linear system. Write a vector equation as a matrix equation or as a linear system. Solve a system using Gaussian or Gauss-Jordan elimination. (I will provide reduced matrices on an extra sheet. You have to know which ones to use for a given problem, and how to use them.) Compute determinants using a combination of row reduction and cofactor expansion. (See 3.4:1-6 a, b and c) Know how each type of elementary row operation affects the determinant. (3.4: 7-9) Infer from the determinant whether or not a square matrix A is invertible (3.4: 24-26) Be able to determine if a subset of a vector space is a subspace; (4.2: 1-19) 2 3 Describe subspaces of R and R geometrically. (4.2: 1, 2) n n Determine whether a set of vectors in R spans R . (4.3: 1-10) Determine the span of a set of vectors. (4.3: 7, example 4.4.3) Determine whether a vector is in the span of a set of vectors. (4.3:22-25)

y ( x 0 ) = y 0 .

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Determine whether vectors in R are linearly independent or linearly dependent. (4.4: All assigned problems) Write a vector as a linear combination of a set of vectors when possible (a dependency relation). (4.4: All assigned problems) for a given subspace. This includes the null space of a matrix, as well as Be able to find a basis span {v1 , v2 ,, vk } . (4.5: All assigned problems). Know how to find the dimension of a subspace; (4.5: 9-14, 17, 18) Know how to determine whether a set of functions is linearly independent or linearly dependent on a given interval. (Do not use the Wronskian incorrectly.) If a collection of functions are linearly dependent on a given interval, be able to produce a dependency relation among them; Know and be able to apply Theorem 6.1.2 (6.1:18, 19) Understand Theorems 6.1.3, 6.1.7, and 6.1.9. (How they are used?) Solve linear, constant coefficient, homogeneous differential equations/initial value problems. (All 6.2 problems.) Know how to use the notation for polynomial differential operators; (6.1: 1-17) Find the annihilator of functions; (6.3: 1-16) Use the annihilator method to solve a non-homogeneous, linear, constant coefficient ODE, and to solve IVP involving such ODEs; (6.3: 17-28) Find the form of a trial solution, y p (dont include the complementary solutions!) for a given ODE;

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(6.3: 34-39) Set up and solve an IVP that governs the motion of a mass in a spring-mass system. Find specific information in each of the various cases such as period, frequency, amplitude, angular frequency, phase, etc. Make rough sketches of the motion as well. Know what is meant by static equilibrium, free motion, forced motion, damped/undamped motion, beats, and resonance; (6.5: 1-11, 13, 15, 23-26) Find eigenvalues of a square matrix; (5.6: 1-28) Find all eigenvectors corresponding to a given eigenvalue of a square matrix; (5.6: 1-28) Know that if a complex number a+ib is an eigenvalue of a real matrix, then so is its conjugate, a-ib; u + i v Know that if A has real entries and is an eigenvector corresponding to a complex number eigenvalue, a+ib, of A, then u iv is an eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue, a-ib; Determine if a matrix is diagonalizable and diagonalize it if so; (5.8: 1-12) Solve a system of first order linear differential equations (including initial value problems) with constant coefficients when the coefficient matrix of the system is diagonalizable; (5.8: 15-19, 7.4: 1-18)