Eng 102

Hacker Quotation Marks & Commas

Quotation Marks & Commas

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Hacker Chapter 37 Quotation Marks

What is a direct quotation? Exactly repeats what someone said or wrote

Hacker Chapter 37 Quotation Marks

When are quotation marks used? Use quotation marks around direct quotations Lina asked, Do you think we should ask a question?

Quotation marks always appear in pairs

Use quotation marks around titles of poems, song titles, short stories, magazine or newspaper articles, essays, speeches, chapter titles, and episodes of TV or radio shows Just Like a Woman, by Bob Dylan ITALICIZE/UNDERLINE titles of magazines, novels, books, newspapers

Hacker Chapter 37 Quotation Marks

How is a quotation within a quotation punctuated? With single quotation marks The man said, Im sorry, officer, but did I hear you correctly when you said, Drive into that ditch? What is an indirect quotation? Restates what someone said or wrote, but not word for word Rachel told the security guard that she needed to enter the building for official business. DO NOT USE QUOTATION MARKS FOR INDIRECT QUOTATIONS!!!

Hacker Chapter 37 Quotation Marks

Punctuation & Quotation marks Place periods and commas inside The name of the short story is Hills Like White Elephants. Put question marks and exclamation points inside quotation marks unless they apply to the whole sentence Bedtime at my house is marked by Mommy, can I tell you a story now? Have you heard the old proverb Do not climb the hill until you reach it?

Hacker Chapter 37 Quotation Marks

Punctuation & Quotation marks Put colons and semicolons outside Harold wrote, I regret that I am unable to attend the fundraiser for AIDS research; his letter, however, came with a substantial contribution Do not use quotation marks to draw attention to familiar slang, to disown trite expressions, or to justify an attempt at humor It was a ballpark figure.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction joining independent clauses The department sponsored a seminar on college survival skills and it also hosted a barbecue for new students. Do NOT use a comma to separate coordinate word groups that are not independent clauses A good money manager controls expenses, and invests surplus dollars to meet future needs.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase When Irwin was ready to iron his cat tripped on the cord. In no time we were at 2,800 feet. Use a comma between all items in a series Bubbles of air leaves ferns bits of wood and insects are often found trapped in amber.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use a comma between coordinate adjectives not joined with and. Do not use a comma between cumulative adjectives. (use the and test) Roberto is a warm gentle affectionate father. Three large gray shapes moved slowly toward us.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use commas to set off nonrestrictive (nonessential) elements. The campers need sturdy shoes, which are expensive. How do the meanings of these two sentences differ because of the commas? The dessert made with fresh raspberries was delicious. The dessert, made with fresh raspberries, was delicious.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use commas to set off transitional and parenthetical expressions, absolute phrases, and word groups expressing contrast Minh did not understand our language; moreover he was unfamiliar with our customs. As a matter of fact American football was established in the mid-nineteenth century.

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use commas to set off nouns of direct address, the words yes and no, interrogative tags, and mild interjections Forgive me Angela for forgetting your birthday. Use commas with expressions such as he said to set off direct quotations

Hacker Chapter 32 - Commas

Use commas with dates, addresses, titles, and number On December 12 1980 orders were sent out for the arrest of Sitting Bull. The security alert system went into effect on 15 April 2009. Use a comma to prevent confusion Patients who can walk up and down the halls every day. To err is human; to forgive divine.

Grammar Portfolio

Break each quotation mark rule (there are 8 typed in green) Give an example for each comma rule (there are 11 typed in green)

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