Multi-Media Edition

2008 Mawlawi Jahangir Mahmud

jahangir@wol.net.pk www.ser.com.pk

We shall study three basic themes of the Quranic verses

Himself

Relationship with His Creation

Relationship with His Messengers

ALLAH & HIS MESSENGERS

WE SHALL STUDY ABOUT 4 MESSENGERS

Adam Ibraheem Jesus Muhammad (2 passages)

KEY FEATURES OF ALLAHS RELATIONSHIP WITH HIS MESSENGERS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

7.

They are Allahs vicegerents on earth They have been granted special and great knowledge by Allah They are much higher in status than the angels They must follow His instructions They are very intelligent They recognize Allah very well through His Signs Their focus is towards Allah only

8. 9. 10. 11.

12.

13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

They dont do Shirk Allah has favored them He gave them miracles He never forsakes them He is never displeased with them They have His Shelter He grants them guidance He grants them abundance His deals with their enemies They have special missions

What do we learn from these passages regarding:

SURAH BAQARA 2: 30 TO 37
30. Behold, your Lord said to the angels: 'I will create a vicegerent on earth.' They said: 'Will You place there one who will make mischief there and shed blood?whilst we celebrate your praises and glorify your holy (name)?' He said: 'I know what you do not know.' 31. And He taught Adam the names of all things; then He placed them before the angels, and said: 'Tell me the names of these if you are right.' 32. They said: 'Glory to You, of knowledge we have none, save what You have taught us: In truth it is You who are perfect in knowledge and wisdom.' 33. He said: 'Adam! Tell them their names.' When he had told them, Allah said: 'Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of heavens and earth, and I know what you reveal and what you conceal?'34. And behold, We said to the angels: 'Bow down to Adam'. And they bowed down. Not so Iblis: he refused and was haughty: he was of those who reject faith. 35. We said: 'Adam! You and your wife dwell in the Garden; and eat of the bountiful things in it as You wish. But do not approach this tree, or you will run into harm and transgression.' 36. Then Satan made them slip from there, and got them out of what they had been in. We said: 'Go down, with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be your dwelling-place and your means of livelihood, for a time.' 37. Then Adam learnt from his Lord words of inspiration, and his Lord turned towards him; for He is
Often-returning, most Merciful

30. Behold, your Lord said to the angels: 'I will create a vicegerent on earth.' They said: 'Will You place there one who will make mischief there and shed blood?whilst we celebrate your praises and glorify your holy (name)?' He said: 'I know what you do not know. 31. And He taught Adam the names of all things; then He placed them before the angels, and said: 'Tell me the names of these if you are right.' 32. They said: 'Glory to You, of knowledge we have none, save what You have taught us: In truth it is You who are perfect in knowledge and wisdom. 33. He said: 'Adam! Tell them their names.' When he had told them, Allah said: 'Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of heavens and earth, and I know what you reveal and what you conceal? 34. And behold, We said to the angels: 'Bow down to Adam'. And they bowed down. Not so Iblis: he refused and was haughty: he was of those who reject faith 35. We said: 'Adam! You and your wife dwell in the Garden; and eat of the bountiful things in it as You wish. But do not approach this tree, or you will run into harm and transgression.' 36. Then Satan made them slip from there, and got them out of what they had been in. We said: 'Go down, with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be your dwelling-place and your means of livelihood, for a time.' 37. Then Adam learnt from his Lord words of inspiration, and his Lord turned towards him; for He is Often-returning, most Merciful

What do we learn from this passage regarding:

COMPARISON BETWEEN (I) & (II)

PART (I) MAIN THEME
Themes

PART (II) PRESENTATION OF THEME

Meanings
Content

Teachings

themes have been presented by Allah to make people understand them How this passage is different from other similar passages

How

THE MAIN THEME(S)

These verses describe the divine scheme of

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

creation of Adam prostration of angels before him defiance of Iblis Adam's stay in and eventual exile from Paradise Adam being forgiven by Allah after his disobedience

Iblis proved to be disobedient to Allah and was cursed forever We learn here that Allah puts all humans through test, including His Messengers Another teaching is that if a person accepts his mistake after committing any wrong he can be forgiven The example of Adam can be cited who prayed to His Lord which is mentioned in the Quran: Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves and if you do not forgive us and have mercy upon us we will surely be among losers.(7:23).

When something, anything goes wrong Blame yourself, and no one else
Think of what you could have done to avert it, or can do so in the future

THE PRESENTATION OF THE THEME(S)

This passage explains the relationship of Allah with the Prophet Adam. The theme of this passage is that it relates a historical event so we learn lessons from it. Adam was created by Allah and he was given importance over angles as Angels were asked to bow down before him. The verses also inform us the nature of Satan who refused to bow down before Adam, due to pride The passage thus makes it clear that Allahs support always remains with the Prophets The distinctive manner of these verses is that they are teaching the theme by giving the example of the 1st Man and Prophet Adam, thus making it clear that every human has certain built in traits.

SURAH AL ANAAM (6: 75-79)

75. So also did We show Abraham the power and the laws of the heavens and the earth, so that he might have certainty. 76. When the night covered him over, he saw a star: He said: 'This is my Lord.' But when it set, he said: 'I do not love things that set.' 77. When he saw the moon rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord.' But when the moon set, he said: 'Unless my Lord guides me, I will surely be among those who go astray.' 78. When he saw the sun rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord; this is the greatest.' But when the sun set, he said: 'O my people! I am indeed free from your giving partners to Allah.' 79. 'For me, I have set my face firmly and truly towards Him who created the heavens and the earth, and never shall I give partners to Allah.'

SURAH AL ANAAM (6: 75-79)

75. So also did We show Abraham the power and the laws of the heavens and the earth, so that he might have certainty. 76. When the night covered him over, he saw a star: He said: 'This is my Lord.' But when it set, he said: 'I do not love things that set.' 77. When he saw the moon rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord.' But when the moon set, he said: 'Unless my Lord guides me, I will surely be among those who go astray.' 78. When he saw the sun rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord; this is the greatest.' But when the sun set, he said: 'O my people! I am indeed free from your giving partners to Allah.' 79. 'For me, I have set my face firmly and truly towards Him who created the heavens and the earth, and never shall I give partners to Allah.'

What do we learn from this passage regarding:

75. So also did We show Abraham the power and the laws of the heavens and the earth, so that he might have certainty. 76. When the night covered him over, he saw a star: He said: 'This is my Lord.' But when it set, he said: 'I do not love things that set.' 77. When he saw the moon rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord.' But when the moon set, he said: 'Unless my Lord guides me, I will surely be among those who go astray.' 78. When he saw the sun rising in splendour, he said: 'This is my Lord; this is the greatest.' But when the sun set, he said: 'O my people! I am indeed free from your giving partners to Allah.' 79. 'For me, I have set my face firmly and truly towards Him who created the heavens and the earth, and never shall I give partners to Allah.'

COMPARISON BETWEEN (I) & (II)

PART (I) MAIN THEME
Themes

PART (II) PRESENTATION OF THEME

Meanings
Content

Teachings

themes have been presented by Allah to make people understand them How this passage is different from other similar passages

How

THE MAIN THEME(S)

These verses describe Prophet Ibraheem's attempt to recognise Allah by way of some of the marvels of nature Ibraheem observed the rise and the setting in of stars, the moon and the sun in order to identify his Lord, the Creator of all. He was convinced that the Lord Almighty is ever-living and is free from any decline Finally, he reached his goal of realizing the Oneness and supremacy of Allah Once he did that, he began to preach to his people about Tawhid and tried to dissuade them from Shirk or associating partners with Allah.

THE PRESENTATION OF THE THEME

Like other messengers of Allah, Ibraheem was also nurtured spiritually for the formal awarding of Prophethood Unlike Musa who witnessed a Holy Fire (28:30) to receive Prophethood or Jesus who began to show prophetic signs while in his cradle (5:110), Ibraheem reached the ultimate goal of prophethood after observation and being tested He firmly professed Tawhid Shunned shirk before starting his prophetic mission Allah thus strengthened the faith of His chosen servant by showing him the contrast between the temporary shine of the creation and the eternal glow of the Creator The Creator Lord is the source of all light and brightness.

KEY FEATURES OF ALLAHS RELATIONSHIP WITH HIS MESSENGERS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

7.

They are Allahs vicegerents on earth They have been granted special and great knowledge by Allah They are much higher in status than the angels They must follow His instructions They are very intelligent They recognize Allah very well through His Signs Their focus is towards Allah only

8. 9. 10. 11.

12.

13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

They dont do Shirk Allah has favored them He gave them miracles He never forsakes them He is never displeased with them They have His Shelter He grants them guidance He grants them abundance His deals with their enemies They have special missions

SURAH AL MAIDA 5: 110

Then will Allah say: 'Jesus son of Mary! Recount my favour to you and to your mother. Behold! strengthened you with the holy spirit, so that you spoke to the people in childhood and in maturity. Behold! I taught you the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel. And behold! You make out clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by my leave, and you breathe into it and it becomes a bird by my leave, and you heal those born blind, and the lepers, by my leave. And behold! You bring forth the dead by my leave. And behold! I restrained the Children of Israel from you when you showed them the clear signs, and the unbelievers among them said: 'This is nothing but evident magic.'

Then will Allah say: 'Jesus son of Mary! Recount my favour to you and to your mother. Behold! strengthened you with the holy spirit, so that you spoke to the people in childhood and in maturity. Behold! I taught you the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel. And behold! You make out clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by my leave, and you breathe into it and it becomes a bird by my leave, and you heal those born blind, and the lepers, by my leave. And behold! You bring forth the dead by my leave. And behold! I restrained the Children of Israel from you when you showed them the clear signs, and the unbelievers among them said: 'This is nothing but evident magic.'

COMPARISON BETWEEN (I) & (II) PART (I) MAIN THEME

Themes

PART (II) PRESENTATION OF THEME

Meanings
Content

Teachings

themes have been presented by Allah to make people understand them How this passage is different from other similar passages

How

THE MAIN THEME(S) This verse describes Allah's address to Jesus, one of His messengers. Like other prophetic messengers, Jesus was also granted certain prophetic signs that distinguished him from ordinary mortals. (such as of his miraculous birth, his ability to speak in infancy, treat the leper and the blind and give life to the non-living, Torah and Gospel) The objective of granting such unusual powers to Allah's chosen people is to strengthen them internally and prepare them to face opposition by their people It also describes the fact that Allah protects His messengers from their enemies.

THE PRESENTATION OF THE THEME While showing His relationship with the Prophet Jesus, Allah tells how Jesus was supported by Allah (SWT) through Jibraeel, Ruhulqudus, and was given miracles. These favors show how much Allah loved His messenger The passage distinctly explains how Allah supports his messengers. Many other verses contain the same theme, but this one is distinctive because here Allah reminds His messenger face to face about His favours. In other similar passages, such as those about Ibraheem, Allah addresses us, not the Messenger

SURAH AL-DUHA 93: 1-11

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

By the Glorious Morning Light, And by the Night when it is still Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor is He displeased. And indeed, the Hereafter will be better for you, than the present and soon your Lord will give to you, and you will be well pleased. Did He not find you an orphan and gave you shelter? And He found you wandering, and He gave you guidance. And He found you in need, and made you Independent, Therefore do not treat the orphan with harshness, nor repulse the petitioner (unheard); but proclaim the bounty of your Lord.

What do we learn from this passage regarding:

By the Glorious Morning Light, 2. And by the Night when it is still 3. Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor is He displeased. 4. And indeed, the Hereafter will be better for you, 5. than the present and soon your Lord will give to you, and you will be well pleased. 6. Did He not find you an orphan and gave you shelter? 7. And He found you wandering, and He gave you guidance. 8. And He found you in need, and made you Independent, 9. Therefore do not treat the orphan with harshness, 10. nor repulse the petitioner (unheard); 11. but proclaim the bounty of your Lord.
1.

COMPARISON BETWEEN (I) & (II) PART (I) MAIN THEME

Themes

PART (II) PRESENTATION OF THEME

Meanings
Content

Teachings

themes have been presented by Allah to make people understand them How this passage is different from other similar passages

How

THE MAIN THEME(S)

Theme of this Surah is Allah's special care and concern for His chosen people specially in times of crisis and difficulty Allah's support is as much part of prophetic mission as the trials and tests designed by Him Allah puts His prophetic messengers into a variety of tests only to bring them closer to Him and thus strengthen their faith.

THE PRESENTATION OF THE THEME The Surah mentions Allah's reassurance for the Holy Prophet who was being mocked by the Quraysh This explains Allah's special association with the Holy Prophet Many other passages speak of Allahs favors to His Messengers but here there is a distinctive style Because this was revealed to the Holy Prophet during his lifetime, it gave him support and strength. Whereas in other similar passages such as Surah Maida, Allah will remind of His favours after this World.

SURAH AL-KAUTHAR 108: 1-3

1.

2.
3.

We have given you the Abundance; Therefore pray to your Lord, and sacrifice. For the one who hates you, he will be cut off (from future hope).

What do we learn from this passage regarding:

COMPARISON BETWEEN (I) & (II) PART (I) MAIN THEME

Themes

PART (II) PRESENTATION OF THEME

Meanings
Content

Teachings

themes have been presented by Allah to make people understand them How this passage is different from other similar passages

How

THE MAIN THEME(S)

Theme of this short Surah is Allah's promise and reassurance for His chosen people (prophetic messengers) in times of hardship and opposition by their people The main theme of Surah Al-Kauthar is to console the Prophet (s.a.w.) and to give him reassurance that he is unlimitedly blessed by Allah The teaching we get from this Surah is that there is no room for any to disrespect of the Prophet. He is taught that he should not abandon his religious obligations in any of the situation but must submit to the will of Allah. In this passage, Allah condemns those who condemn the Prophet (s.a.w).

The Surah shows Allah's special care for the Prophet in times of hardship. Here, distinctively, Allah mentions that HE will deal with the enemies of the Holy Prophet Himself. Allah mentions such special support for His messengers in other passages as well. Here the distinctive style is prominent that Allah revealed these verses during the Holy Prophets life and hence announced in his lifetime the prophecy of the destruction of his enemies. Such a declaration is a consolation not only for the Holy Prophet but all those involved in the propagation of Islam.

THE PRESENTATION OF THE THEME

Some of the Books authored by Maulvi Jahangir Mahmud

2008 Mawlawi Jahangir Mahmud www.ser.com.pk jahangir@wol.net.pk