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Abstract
An amazing concordance between the Mayan languages of South and Meso America
and Bharath India languages is found. This book, Part I - Overview gives an overview
of the work and results by the author.
The author has studied a number of Maya language dictionaries in Spanish and
English available on the web.
2.The pattern of concordance is analyzed - Early Sanskrit - Veda and later forms. So
called Dravidian Tamil - Telugu, Kannada, Tulu, Konkani and other Bharath - India
language linkages.
3. The work shows significant concordance with Sanskrit and Sanskrit based languages
as analyzed with Panini's [dhAtupATha] and looking up Sanskrit - English, Sanskrit-
French dictionaries.
4. Most surprisingly, Maya words being used today were found useful in understanding
etymology of some Sanskrit words found in Veda literature.
6. Surprisingly again, were found everyday Maya words useful to understand etymology
of many words in divisively called Dravidian languages. These words are not in
common use in "Sanskrit and Sanskrit derived languages" within quotes, but present in
Veda, Purana, Ramayana or Mahabharata and Dravidian such as Tamil, Telugu, Kannada
and Tulu! This may lead to reconsideration of theories of their being borrowed but lost
over time in "Sanskrit and Sanskrit derived languages".
From the Concordance in the first place to any Bharath Indian language and
furthermore concordance patterning with a wide spectrum of India's languages presents
a number of significant issues for consideration.
1. Maya of South and Meso America lived in an ecological niche and isolation till about
only 400 years back. This is what history tells us.
2. That their language can be amenable to the [barakhaDi] phonetic classification and
teaching system of India could show a universal application of the [barakhaDi] system.
This would be applicable to any language system that is built around phonetically based
[akshara] but not alphabetic systems such as a,b,c,...z. And phonetically based [akshara]
systems may not even have a native script but are amenable to any machine readable
transliteration scheme.
Such a system is traditionally used for teaching from early childhood in India.
Traditionally, learning to be literate begins with simply pronouncing [svara] [a A i I u U
e E Ru o O aM aH] and [vya~jjana] [ka kha ga gha ca cha ja jha Ta Tha Da Dha ta tha
da dha na pa pha ba bha ma ya ra la va sha sa ha] in any native script. To call these
vowels and consonants in English may be inadequate. Each [svara] and [vya~jjana] has
meaning! And this is quite opposite to the system using alphabets in English.
3. Maya languages have short and long forms of [svara] [e E] and [o O] similar to
Dravidian languages but significantly absent in so called Aryan languages including
Sanskrit. Veda and other Sanskrit literature written in Devanagari script with correct
[anudatta], [udatta], [svarita] and other intonation marks may point out to original
presence of these [svara].
5. The [ja] [vya~jjana] is significantly absent in Mayan literature too. Linguists have
used [tza]. This can be treated as a variant belonging to [ca varga], [ca] class of the
Indian [barakhaDi] system. It does not pose too much difficulty for knowing the
semantic content equivalence in Indian languages.
6. The presence of pan continental, America and Asia India language linkage leads to
considering many key issues.
7. If there was contact at all between the two civilizations, "When"? and "What Time
Scales" are involved. And "when did it stop"?
9. Debates are galore on Aryan invasions, Veda, Indo European, Proto Sanskrit and
Dravidian languages of the sub continent. Maya language linkage with Veda, Sanskrit,
and Dravidian languages could be eye openers. This may well imply AIT, Aryan
Invasion Theories and other divisive theories needing reconsideration. Or proponents of
divisive theories needing to come up with implausible Aryan Invasion Theory for the
Americas too. But, that would need earlier Dravidian Invasions from the sub continent
to the Americas or vice versa.
10. Possibilities are discussed whether the yuga concept of Bharath - India, which
Maya civilization also has, and its timescales of cataclysmic cycles on Earth are indeed
unthinkable for the history and geography of this billion year old planet. This has direct
bearings on appreciating and treating our environment a little better. And hoping the
future will have greater understanding for damage already done.
11. Suggestions for further work in study of concordance of Maya - India for astrology,
astronomy, maths and pre colony religion are given. "Maya" the word has been
referenced meaning a people many places in Veda, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Purana
and other ancient literature in India.
12. The expected outcome of this work and findings is India centered research and
development. Often times, a very distant look on this fragile planet, NASA like from
space is needed to appreciate the beauty of home. It is hoped, much needed applications
will be developed to preserve the heritage of ancient and modern languages and
literature of India. Of particular importance is understanding and using components of
ancient learning and teaching methods of India in context of modern times. This would
include applications software for artificial intelligence, robotics, machine learning and
teaching. It is said, "a picture can speak a thousand words". Well, a single word in both
Maya language and Bharath India languages can speak a thousand words too. They have
been doing so for thousands of years.
Showcase
This section is called by this rather pompous name because it is indeed that. It gives a
glimpse of the glory of the gift of language to us. All of us are, in a way, window
shoppers. The more we have, the more we can have, unendingly.
The primal principle in [vAk] speech is [para] the seed of thought or concept,
[pashyanti] its growth and consolidation. growth until it can be "literally" seen in the
mind, [mAdhyama] the medium for best expression involving process of search in
vocabulary base and eventually fructifying into [vAk] speech.
The same principle is applicable for reconstruction of Maya words. First we have
concept generally spelt out by the Maya English Dictionaries as dictionary meaning. We
need to let that sink in into our minds. Then look up the [dhAtupATha] for the [dhAtu]
elements that describe the concept best. The good news is that you may find it. If you do
not, at first go, the good news again is that you need more verbose Sanskrit English
Dictionaries. If you do not even then, Indian Lexicon with over 200,000 entries ought to
help. If it does not, then you have a unique Maya element [dhAtu]. And such Maya
sourced elements can be used to understand the not understandable or misunderstood
Sanskrit words in literature.
All this may appear tedium but it is not. The section Materials and Methods gives very
simple search techniques using no specially developed software but using tools that are
already in your computer. If you do not have these simple tools you should update
yourself and get them.
Work on Maya Concordance with Bharath India languages started in real earnest after a
strange discouraging response from a member of an e-group. The author of this book
had posted a note that Maya could be understood better if the [barakhadi] system of
[svara] [vya~jjana] taught traditionally in India were applied. The response was a bit
caustic and referred an article written by somebody that "nothing should be made of
languages in distant places having some common words". Statistics and probabilities
were quoted for this. And he was right too!
So how is this work different?
This work does no aim to find same sounding words with a common meaning in the two
rather very, very unequal sets. And could not too!
Available vocabulary of all Maya languages in South and Meso America, as given in the
Maya Preliminary Etymological dictionary has about 40,000 entries. No single
dictionary of any Maya language dictionary has more than 7000 -8000 listed words!
On the other hand, Monier Williams Dictionary has more than 3,00,000 entries. Indian
Lexicon compiled by Dr.S.Kalyanraman has 2,19,000 entries. The [dhAtupATha] lists
2000 odd [dhAtu]. Whitney, lists only 813 entries. He said the rest were never used at all
in either ancient or later Sanskrit! Then how come there are so many [dhAtu]?
A highly significant initial help was received from article mentioned before. "Nothing
should be made of languages in distant places having some common words". Here was a
case of very few when Maya and Indian languages are compared! When one small
population of words is compared with another that is huge there should be greater
likelihood of finding more same sounding words with same meaning. This is under
normal laws of probability. But it was most surprising to find so few. What does this
mean? This could imply that the two sets are different. Are we comparing mangoes with
llamas? That is one limited viewpoint to close shop. Ought we to do that? What if the
elements of mangoes were to be compared with the elements of llamas? Technically, and
scientifically there should be very great commonality. Hence, [dhAtu] from
[dhatupATha] was used. True enough a very high degree of commonality and
concordance was found.
This is not the end of the story but its beginning. [dhAtu] elements need to be structured
to form [shabda] words and [shabda] words with other [shabda] words. There must some
method or grammar. There will be dealt with in later chapters.
Chakchiquel Maya & Bharath Languages - Sanskrit