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FEATURES
Direct measurement of moisture conditions No calibration required Large inner-diameter body tube and water reservoir
WHEN TO IRRIGATE
Factors such as plant variety, soil texture, and growth stage determine the tension at which irrigation should commence. Some examples of recommended tension readings at which to begin irrigation are shown in the following table, with information for other crop types found in the Installation and maintenance. Tensiometers are simple to install and use. A soil auger is used to make the proper-sized hole in the ground. The tensiometer is then inserted into the hole and left permanently. Periodically, the tensiometer may need to be refilled with water. Under irrigated conditions, however, the tensiometer will usually refill itself when irrigation water is applied to the field.
INTERPRETING READINGS
Tension readings are often used to determine when an irrigation is needed. The grower establishes a critical level of moisture depletion which will be allowed, beyond which vegetative growth or fruit quality are affected. As the soil dries, tensiometer readings increase in response to roots having to pull harder to extract water from the soil. When the readings approach the critical moisture level, the irrigation point, an irrigation is needed. It is also important to monitor the moisture conditions at the wet end. Over-irrigations can result in standing water and saturated soils, lack of oxygen, poor root and plant respiration, and plant damage. Tensiometer readings can provide information about the infiltration and drainage properties of the soil, and detect periods of saturated conditions.
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