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T H UR S DA Y , M A Y 26, 2011
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ArrayList has been modified in Java5 (Tiger) to support Generics which makes Java ArrayList even more powerful because of enhanced type-safety. Before Java5 since there was no generics no type checking at compile time which means there is chance of storing different type of element in an ArrayList which is meant for something and ultimately results in ClassCastException during runtime. with generics you can create Java ArrayList which accepts only type of object specified during creation time and results in compilation error if someone tries to insert any other object into ArrayList in Java; for example if you create an ArrayList of String object you can not store Integer on it because add() method of ArrayList will check Type before adding object into ArrayList in Java opposite to add() method of Java4 which accepts any object.
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s t r i n g L i s t . a d d ( " I t e m " ) ;/ / n oe r r o rb e c a u s ew ea r es t o r i n gS t r i n g s t r i n g L i s t . a d d ( n e wI n t e g e r ( 2 ) ) ;/ / c o m p i l a t i o ne r r o r
3) Checking size of ArrayList Size of an ArrayList in Java is total number of elements currently stored in ArrayList.
i n ts i z e=s t r i n g L i s t . s i z e ( ) ;
5) Retrieving Item from arrayList in a loop Many a times we need to traverse on Java ArrayList and perform some operations on each retrieved item. Here are two ways of doing it without using Iterator. We will see use of Iterator in next section.
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References
b o o l e a nr e s u l t=s t r i n g L i s t . i s E m p t y ( ) ;/ / i s E m p t y ( )w i l lr e t u r nt r u ei fL i s ti se m p t y i f ( s t r i n g L i s t . s i z e ( )= =0 ) { S y s t e m . o u t . p r i n t l n ( " A r r a y L i s ti se m p t y " ) ; }
8) Removing an Item from ArrayList There are two ways to remove any elements from ArrayList in Java . You can either remove an element based on its index or by providing object itself. Remove remove (int index) and remove (Object o) method is used to remove any element from ArrayList in Java. Since ArrayList allows duplicate its worth noting that remove (Object o) removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list, if it is present. In below code first call will remove first element from ArrayList while second call will remove first occurrence of item from ArrayList in Java.
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s t r i n g L i s t . r e m o v e ( 0 ) ; s t r i n g L i s t . r e m o v e ( i t e m ) ;
9) Copying data from one ArrayList to another ArrayList in Java Many a times you need to create a copy of ArrayList for this purpose you can use addAll(C ollection c) method of ArrayList in Java to copy all elements from on ArrayList to another ArrayList in Java. Below code will add all elements of stringList to newly created copyOfStringList.
10) Replacing an element at a particular index You can use set (int index, E element) method of java ArrayList to replace any element from a particular index. Below code will replace first element of stringList from "Item" to "Item2".
s t r i n g L i s t . s e t ( 0 , " I t e m 2 " ) ;
11) Clearing all data from ArrayList ArrayList in Java provides clear () method which removes all of the elements from this list. Below code will remote all elements from our stringList and make the list empty. You can reuse Java ArrayList after clearing it.
s t i n g L i s t . c l e a r ( ) ;
12) Converting from ArrayList to Array in Java Java ArrayList provides you facility to get the array back from your ArrayList. You can use toArray(T[] a) method returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element). "a" is the array into which the elements of the list are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of
S t r i n g [ ]i t e m A r r a y=n e wS t r i n g [ s t r i n g L i s t . s i z e ( ) ] ; S t r i n g [ ]r e t u r n e d A r r a y=s t r i n g L i s t . t o A r r a y ( i t e m A r r a y ) ;
If you want to convert ArrayList back to Array than see 3 ways to convert array into arraylist in Java
13) Creating Synchronized ArrayList Some times you need to synchronize your ArrayList in java to make it shareable between multiple threads you can use C ollections utility class for this purpose as shown below.
L i s tl i s t=C o l l e c t i o n s . s y n c h r o n i z e d L i s t ( n e wA r r a y L i s t ( . . . ) ) ;
14) Creating ArrayList from Array in Java ArrayList in Java is amazing you can create even an ArrayList full of your element from an already existing array. You need to use Arrays.asList(T... a) method for this purpose which returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array.
I t e r a t o ri t r=s t r i n g L i s t . i t e r a t o r ( ) ; w h i l e ( i t r . h a s N e x t ( ) ) { S y s t e m . o u t . p r i n t l n ( i t r . n e x t ( ) ) ; } L i s t I t e r a t o rl i s t I t r=s t r i n g L i s t . l i s t I t e r a t o r ( ) ; w h i l e ( l i s t I t r . h a s N e x t ( ) ) { S y s t e m . o u t . p r i n t l n ( i t r . n e x t ( ) ) ; }
see How to loop ArrayList in Java for more alternative ways of traversing a List
16) Sorting elements of ArrayList in Java You can use C ollections.sort(List list) method to sort a Java ArrayList in natural order defined by C omparable interface and can use C ollections.sort(List list, C omparator c) method to sort your Java ArrayList based upon provided C omparator. You can also see this post to sort ArrayList into descending order in Java 17) ArrayList to HashSet conversion Most of C ollection class provides a constructor which accepts a C ollection object as argument. Which can be used to copy all elements of one C ollection into another. HashSet also provide such constructors which can be used to copy all object from ArrayList to HashSet. But be careful since HashSet doesn't allow duplicates some of the objects will not be included which result in less number of objects. See How to convert ArrayList to HashSet in Java for step by step example.