Hot Water Solutions

Hot Water Solutions by J ohnson Controls by J ohnson Controls

Agenda Agenda
Heat Pump Solutions
What is a heat pump?
Control & Sizing
Application Benefits
Heat Recovery Solutions
What is heat recovery?
Control & Sizing
Application Benefits
Application Considerations
J CI Chiller Solutions
End Note
2
Options for improving building efficiency Options for improving building efficiency
3
Heat Pump
Specifically designed to provide
100% of heat as hot water
Typically 120-180
o
F (49-82
o
C)
Control:
Compressor capacity is controlled by Leaving
Condenser Water set point
Intent:
Compound Centrifugal
(CYK) Chiller
600-2800 Tons
(2115-9850 kW)
Heat Recovery
Double Bundle YORK
Heat Recovery Chiller
250-2800 Tons
(880-9850 kW)
Designed to chill water and provide a
percentage of heat as warm water
Typically 95-105
o
F (35-40.5
o
C)
Control:
Compressor capacity is controlled by Leaving
Chilled Water set point
Intent:
4
Heat Pump Systems
What is a Heat Pump? What is a Heat Pump?
5
ASHRAE Handbook (2008):
A Heat Pump extracts heat from a source and transfers it to a sink
at a higher temperature
In engineering, however, the term Heat Pump is generally
reserved for equipment that heats for beneficial purposes, rather
than that which removes heat for cooling only
System Designs:
Air-Source Ground-Source Water-Source
YORK Affinity Series
YORK Geysir Series
YORK Screw Chiller (YS)
What is a Heat Pump? What is a Heat Pump? Chiller Vapor Chiller Vapor- -Compression Cycle Compression Cycle
6
Motor
Motor
I nput w or k
Chi l l er :
Usef ul w or k
44F 95F
(6.7C)
(35C)
Evaporator
Evaporator
Heat Pump
Condenser
Heat Pump
Condenser
Comp
Comp
What is a Heat Pump? What is a Heat Pump? Refrigerant P Refrigerant P- -H Diagram H Diagram
7
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
Energy / Enthalpy
L
i
q
u
i
d

L
i
n
e
V
a
p
o
r

L
i
n
e
Evaporator
Input
Cooling
Heat Rejected
1.25 X
Evaporator Heat
110F(43.3C)
96F
(35.6C)
8
Typical Arrangement: Side-car
130F
Hot water loop
Chilled water loop
150F
42F
Heat
Pump
Heat
Pump
58F 42F
50F
150F
Boiler
Boiler
(54.4C)
(65.6C)
(65.6C)
(14.4C)
(5.6C)
(10C) (5.6C)
Heat Pump Control & Sizing Heat Pump Control & Sizing
CH1
CH1
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH
n
CH
n
Heat Pump Benefits Heat Pump Benefits
Compliance with Industry Standards & Programs
LEED
ASHRAE 90.1 (simultaneous heating & cooling)
9
Why use heat pumps?
Social / Environmental Advantages
CO
2
reductions
Reduced water consumption
Economic Advantages
Operational savings
Lets take a closer look at each benefit
Heat Pump Benefits Heat Pump Benefits
10
Economic Advantages
Operational Savings
Economic Advantages
Operational Savings
1 uni t
0.35 uni t
Heating COP =1.35 / 0.35 =3.8
Combined COP =2.35 / 0.35 =6.7
Comp
I nput w or k
Usef ul c ool i ng
1.35 uni t
Usef ul Heat i ng
Cooling COP =1.00 / 0.35 =2.9
150F
42F
(65.6C)
(5.6C)
Motor
Motor
Evaporator
Evaporator
Heat Pump
Condenser
Heat Pump
Condenser
Comp
Comp
Cost to produce 10,000 kcal
Natural Gas Water Heater
10,000 kcal / 90% efficiency / 8,500 kcal/SCM x Rs.20/SCM = Rs.26.14
Fuel Oil Water Heater
10,000 kcal / 90% efficiency / 9,000 kcal/ltr x Rs.35/ltr = Rs.43.20
Electric Water Heater
10,000 kcal / 95% efficiency / 860 kcal/hr/kW x Rs.6.00/kW.hr = Rs.73.44
Heat Pump
10,000 kcal / 380% efficiency / 860 kcal/hr/kW x Rs.6.00/kW.hr = Rs.18.35
10,000 kcal / 670% efficiency / 860 kcal/hr/kW x Rs.6.00/kW.hr = Rs.10.41
COP
h
= 3.8 (no cooling credit)
COP
c+h
= 6.7 (with cooling credit)
Electric Rs.6.00/kW.hr
Gas Rs.20/SCM
Heat Pump Benefits Heat Pump Benefits
12
Social / Environmental Advantages
CO
2
reductions
Reduced water consumption
Social / Environmental Advantages
CO
2
reductions
Reduced water consumption
Natural Gas Boiler
(85% efficient)
Heat Pump
A 600 Ton Heat Pump, at a 65% average load, would offset approximately 55,000
MMBTU and would save 1467 Tons of CO
2
annuall y compared to a natural gas boiler.
This is equivalent of removing 244 cars from the road!
13.0 lbs of CO
2
per
100,000 BTU
7.7 lbs of CO
2
per
100,000 BTU
Heat Pump Benefits Heat Pump Benefits
13
How much water do we save by not sending it
to the cooling tower?
Assuming:
Cooling tower consumption per evaporation rate of 1% & blow-down of 0.3% (4 cycles of concentration)
3 gpm/ton (0.054 L/s) condenser water flow
Ex: 600 Ton (2110 kW) Heat Pump, with a 65% utilization factor:
Water savings would be 22,500 gallons (85,171 L) per DAY!
Social / Environmental Advantages
CO
2
reductions
Reduced water consumption
Social / Environmental Advantages
CO
2
reductions
Reduced water consumption
14
Heat Recovery Systems
What is Heat Recovery? What is Heat Recovery?
15
ASHRAE Handbook (2008):
In many large buildings, internal heat gains require year-round chiller
operation. The chiller condenser water heat is often wasted through a
cooling tower
[Heat recovery] uses otherwise wasted heat to provide heat at the
higher temperatures required for space heating, reheat, and domestic
water heating
YORK Double Bundle Heat
Recovery Chiller
Water-Source
System Designs:
Air-Source
Outside
Air
Supply
Air
Exhaust
Air
Return
Air
What is Heat Recovery? What is Heat Recovery?
Compressor Motor
Evaporator
Condenser
Expansion Device
Cooling Tower
Adding
Energy
(Electricity)
Heat Recovery
105 F
(40.5 C)
95 F
(35 C)
54 F
(12.2 C)
44 F
(6.7 C)
105 F
(40.5 C)
95 F
(35 C)
16
What is Heat Recovery? What is Heat Recovery?
17
The cooling load controls the system and the Hot Water
temperature is variable.
Heat
Recovery
Water Tank
Pre-heat
domestic water
storage tank
Supplemental heating (boiler) may
be needed to achieve full heat
load
Supplemental heating (boiler) may
be needed to achieve full heat
load
YORK Double Bundle
Heat Recovery Chiller
18
YORK YORK Heat Pump Heat Pump Solutions Solutions
YS Sc r ew Heat Pump
Evap Tons 100-330 Tons
(350-1160 kW)
Max leaving hot water =140
o
F (60
o
C)
Max Lift =100
o
F (37.8
o
C)
Max heat per unit =5,300 MBH
(1,560 kW)
Simultaneous heating & cooling
Single screw compressor package
Experience
Innovati on
Sustai nable
Soluti ons
Customer
Commitment
19
YORK YORK Heat Recovery Heat Recovery Solutions Solutions
YK Cent r i f ugal Heat Rec over y
Max leaving hot water =110
o
F (43.3
o
C)
Max Lift =65
o
F (18.3
o
C)
Max heat per unit =40,000 MBH
(11,725 kW)
Simultaneously Cooling & Heating
Single centrifugal compressor
package
Experience
Innovati on
Sustai nable
Soluti ons
Customer
Commitment
Evap Tons 280-2800 Tons
(985-9850 kW)
20
Reduce your energy costs today!
With our extensive track record of success, J ohnson Controls is well matched
to meet your hot water needs by delivering flexible, innovative, and sustainable
equipment for efficient and long lasting operation.