Council On Foreign Relations Rosters 1922-1936

PURPOSE
T
HE Council on Foreign Relations aims to provide
a continuous conference on the international as-
pects of America's political, economic and financial
problems. Its membership, made up of men of many
prqfessions, is limited in number, as a large body
would be unwieldly and freedom in discussion would
be o s t ~
At the Council's round-table meetings and din:
ners foreign guests are entertained, and the attitude
which the United States might properly assume to-
ward the problems they raise is discussed. The
Council is not a trade organization nor has it any
connection with any political party. It simply is a
group of men concerned in spreading a knowledge
of international relations and, in particular, in devel-
oping a reasoned American foreign policy.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Coun-
cil on Foreign Relations publishes occasional bulle-
tins and has recently founded a quarterly review,
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Dr.
Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University.
FoREIGN AFFAIRS, a non-partisan medium for the
discussion of international problems, has been warmly
welcomed both here and abroad. The Council feels
that it is performing an important public service in
making possible the publication of an authoritative
review of this nature.
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary Chairman
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN- F. GAY
Secretary and Treasurer
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
OTTO H. KAHN
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANK L. POLK
NoRMAN H. Davis WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
JOHN H. FINLEY
DAVID F. HousTON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
PAUL M. WARBURG
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG
General Manager
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Honorary Sreember.r
TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
Sreember.r
ALFRED L. AIKEN
JAMES s. ALEX.ANDER
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
w. w. ATTERBURY
JuLES S. BACHE
- ROBERT L. BACON
GEORGE BARR BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
JULIUS H. BARNES
RoBERT I. BARR
AMOS L. BEATY
JOHN G. BERQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
BRUCE BLIVEN
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
-WILLIAM P. BoNBRIGHT
_ ALFRED C. BossoM
IsAIAH BowMAN
CHARLES H. BRENT
ALBERT BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
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ELMER E. BROWN
JoHN FosTER DuLLES
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
ARTHUR DUNN
ARTHUR BULLARD
T. COLEMAN DU PONT
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
OTTO M. EIDLITZ }AMES BYRNE
'
I
KARL EILERS
ROBERT J. CALDWELL
(
ABRAM I. ELKUS
WILLIAM F. CAREY
WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY FLETCHER
JosEPH T. CHAMBERLAIN
..;.. ALLEN B. FORBES
LEWIS L. CLARKE
CHARLES A. COFFIN
RAYMOND B. FosmcK
ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDERICK
JOSEPH P. COTTON
I
WALTER E. FREW
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
(
Louis D. FROELICK
PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS I
JoHN A. GADE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JoHN W. DAv1s
l
JoHN W. GARRETT
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
GEORGE A. GASTON
NORMAN H. DAVIS
1
EDWIN F. GAY
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
HUGH GIBSON
CLIVE DAY
RoBERT GoELET
HENRY w. DE FOREST
r
SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN
Ii
-- WILLIAM c. GRACE
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
i
CLARENCE DILLON
- PRENTISS N. GRAY
FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
JEROME D. GREENE
RussELL DouBLEDAY
ALEXANDER GROSSET
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
SIDNEY L. GULICK
~ . _ . _ '" ----
_,.
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J. w. H. HAMILTON FRED L KENT
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JOHN HAYS HAMMOND WILLIAM s. KIES
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND WILLARD v. KING
FRANCIS R. HART ALVIN w. KRECH
CHARLES H. HASKINS
CHARLES D. HAZEN
L
THOMAS w. LAMONT
SAMUEL HEILNER
KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
EDWIN M. HERR
A. B. LEACH
111:
WALKER D. HINES
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
HAMILTON HoLT Jvy L. LEE
EDWARD M. HOUSE
R. c. LEFFINGWELL
DAVID F. HOUSTON HERBERT H. LEHMAN
HERBERT .S. HOUSTON
SAMUEL A. LEWISOHN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
DAVIDE. HUDSON
w ALTER LIPPMANN
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
ROBERT H. LORD
EDWARD N. HURLEY
HENRY L. IcKELHEIMER
JOHN R. MACARTHUR
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
WILL H. IRWIN
Louis C. MARBURG
ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
GREGORY MASON
r
JoHN H. McCLEMENT
}AMES N. }ARVIE
ALBA B. JOHNSON
l
VANCE C. McCORMICK
}AMES G. McDONALD
Dou GLAS W. JOHNSON
- JOSEPH E. JONES
- GATES McGARRAH
}AMES H. McGRAW
OTTO H. KAHN CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
ARCHIBALD c. KAINS JoHN McHuaH
ROYAL R. KEELY SAMUEL McRoBERTS
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG - s. STANWOOD MENKEN
_ . ~
HERMAN A. METZ
.- J. MEYER, JR.
SIDNEY E. MEZES
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
EDWARD C. MooRE
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
ROLAND s. MORRIS
GEORGE MURNANE
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
-- CHARLES D. NORTON
w. w. NORTON
HENRY R. NOYES
HOWARD T. OLIVER
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuDIN
WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
GEORGE F. PEABODY
- ANDREW c. PEARSON
--JAMES H. PERKINS
-- LEWIS E. PIERSON
FRANK L. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
JoHN T. PRATT
RoGER W. Rns
w ALLACE B. ROGERS
ARTHUR RosENTHAL
- LEOS. RowE
LINDSAY RUSSELL
- CHARLES H. SABIN
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
HENRY R. SEAGER
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
CoRDENIO A. SEVERANCE
CHARLES SEYMOUR
ALBERT SHAW
--LA WREN CE H. SHEARMAN
WHITNEY H. SHEP ARD SON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
w ALLACE D. SIMMONS
FRANCIS H. SISSON
CLARENCE c. STETSON
OscAR S. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR SWEETSER
HENRY w. TAFT
---""ARCHIBALD w. TAYLOR
I'
CARL TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
ARCHIBALD G. THACHER

.._.,_ __
- WILLIAM B. THOMPSON
RoY ToMLINSON
Guy E. TRIPP
FELIX WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD.
ALLEN WARDWELL
JoHN I. WATERBURY
VANDERBILT WEBB
JAMES G. WHITE
RussELL R. WHITMAN
ALBERT H . WIGGIN
WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
ALLYN A. y OUNG
C. G. YouNG
OWEN D. YOUNG
J
BY-LAWS
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The membership shall be divided into resjdent;
non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred
and fifty in number, who shall have their
or places of business within miles of
City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of
New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hun-
dred and fifty, who shall neither reside or have places
of business within the said specified distance from
City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members,
are regular members of the faculty of any university
or college, or accredited authors, writers and news-
paper
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary
members.
Members of either class of the unincorp<?rated
association from which this body was incorporated
shall continue as corresponding members of the cor-
poration, subject to the provisions of law and of
/
Dues /
these by-laws.
II
There shall be no entrance dues.
bers shall pay @we

per an-
num,.e. non-resident members, Fifty Dollars ($50)
pey../annum; and academic members Ten Dollars
------- : -.,-rJio) per All dues shall be paid annually-
or semi-annuall/ in equal instalments at the option
of the members-in advance. Default in the pay-
/

.......__ ____ _
ment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be
equivalent to resignation.
III
Officers
The Officers of the corporation shall be a Presi-
dent, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a
Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board
of Directors.
IV
There shall be an Executive Committee of six
members beside the President, who shall be ex-
offi.cio a member, which Committee shall have and
m;iy exercise all the powers of the Board of Direc-
tors, unless the Board is in session. Three members
of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
v
The Committee shall annually elect a
Chairman from among its members, whose duty it
shall be to preside at the meetings of the Committee,
and who shall also have power to call meetings of the
Committee on such notice as from time to time shall
be approved by it.
The Executive Committee shall have power to fill
vacancies occurring in its number during the current
year.
VI
The President shall preside at all meetings of the
Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same,
and have general executive direction of the
corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall dis-
charge the duties of the President in his absence, and
shall perform such other duties as from time to time
,
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I
shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors or
the Executive Committee.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of
the corporation, shall keep all its records, and shall'
act as secretary of the meetings of the Board and the
Executive Committees, and at such committee meet-
ings as may be directed by the President from time to
time.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of
the corporation.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Man-
ager who shall receive compensation as may be fixed
from time to time and who shall discharge such duties
as from time to time shall be assigned him by the
Board or the Executive Committee.
VIII
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited
with a trust company in the Borough of Manhattan,
City of New York, designated by the Board of Di-
rectors, or the Executive Committee, and disburse-
ments shall be made only upon checks or vouchers
approved by the President or one or more Vice-
Presidents, or the Treasurer and the General Man-
ager, or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held on the first Mon-
day of June in each year.
x
These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of
the Board of Directors, provided notice of the pro-
posed amendment shall have been given at a previous
meeting .
.........
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
CU)
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BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS 5 MEMBERS
January First, r924
'25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
J\(ew York

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COUNCIL ON
.FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.

BY-LAWS
WITH A
LI_ST OF OFFICERS CS MEMBERS
January First, z924
25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
:J..(ew York
..

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PURPOSE
T
HE Council on Foreign Relations aims to provide
a continuous conference on the international as-
problems. I ts membership, made up of men of many
professions, is limited in number, as a large body
would be unwieldly and freedom in discussion would
be lost.
At the Council's round-table meetings and din-
ners distinguished American and foreign guests are
entertained, and the attitude which the United States
might properly assume toward the problems they
raise is discussed. The Council is not a trade organi-
zation nor has it any connection with any political
party. It simply is a group of men interested in
spreading a knowledge of international relations and,
in particular, in developing a reasoned American
foreign policy
cil on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly re-
view, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of
FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most
authoritative American review dealing with inter-
national relations.
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Honorary c%emhers
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
c%emhers
GEORGE BURTON ADAMS
,.,- ALFRED L. AIKEN
,'\(/JAMES s. ALEXANDER
./ FREDERICK H. ALLEN
HENRY T. ALLEN
v FRANK ALTSCHUL
CHARLES B. AMES
'HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
. w. w. ATTERBURY
GoRDON AucHINcLoss
CHELLIS A. AusTIN
.- JULES s. BACHE
BARR BAKER
- RAY STANNARD BAKER
'"/JULIUS H. BARNES
ROBERT I. BARR
- AMOS L. BEATY
.. JoHN G. BERGQUIST
PEMBERTON BERMAN
.- SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
1/BRUCE BLIVEN .
_.- riEORGE BLUMENTHAL
...- lsAIAH BowMAN
ROLAND w. BOYDEN

..... 'CHARLES H. BRENT
BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
ELMER E. BROWN
ARTHUR BULLARD
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
}AMES BYRNE
Ro BERT J. CALDWELL
CASS CANFIELD
- NEWCOMB CARL TON
" THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
" LEWIS L. CLARKE
,/CHARLES A. COFFIN
WALTER P. COOKE
"" ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
,/JOSEPH P. COTTON
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
JoHN W. DAv1s
\. MALCOLM w. DAVIS
NORMAN H. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
GEORGE w. DAVISON

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/ CLIVE DAY
j./ HENRY w. DE FOREST
ROBERT w. DE FOREST:
,, ALFRED L. p. DENNIS
;/ CLARENCE DILLON
.,'FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
\''RUSSELL DOUBLEDAY
WALTER DOUGLAS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
v JoHN FosTER DuLLES
'. ARTHUR DUNN
v/T. COLEMAN DU PONT
OTTO M. EIDLITZ
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
SAMUEL A. EVERITT
I
THOMAS EWING
_./WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
EDw ARD A. FI LENE
v JOHN H. FINLEY
HENRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
ANDREW FLETCHER ' '
I 'HENRY FLETCHER
\,RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
'P.A. s. FRANKLIN
... LEOPOLD FREDRICK
\ WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FROELICK
JoHN A. GADE
J
~
-' HARRY A. GARFIELD
/JOHN w. GARRETT.
GEORGE A. GASTON
- EDWIN F. GAY
JAMES w. GERARD
, HuGH GIBSON
. s. PARKER GILBERT
\ RoBERT GoELET
SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN
. vjEROME D. GREENE
'ALEXANDER GROSSET
:.."SIDNEY L. GULICK
,, J. w. H. H:AMILTON
' JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
' JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
WILLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN
' FRANCIS R. HART
...... CHARLES H. HASKINS
CHARLES D. HAZEN
SAMUEL HEILNER
How ARD HEINZ
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
EDWIN M. HERR
JOHN GRIER HIBBEN
... 'WALKER D. HINES
HAMILTON HoLT
\ EDWARD M. HousE
I DAVID F. HOUSTON
- HERBERT s. HOUSTON
' CHARLES P. HOWLAND
J
j
" .. DAVIDE. HuDSON
~ - MANLEY 0. HUDSON
. EDWARD N. HURLEY
EDMUND N. HUYCK
_, HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
. WILL IRWIN
'-. ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
HENRY JAMES
WALTER B. ]AMES
"/ JAMES N. }ARVIE
~ - - A L B A B. JOHNSON
DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
I. OTTO H. KAHN
1- ROYAL R. KEELY
NICHOLAS KELLEY
I
,_ FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
:v: FRED I. KENT
v' WILLIAM S. KIES
.. WILLARD v. KING
i ALVIN w. KRECH
/THOMAS w. LAMONT
v KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
/A. B. LEACH
.HENRY GODDARD LEACH
>"}vy L. LEE
'/ R. c. LEFFINGWELL
:/.HERBERT H. LEHMAN
MAURICE LEON
FRANK LEWISOHN
~ SAM A. LEWISOHN
"'
....

--.,...,,
WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
WALTER LIPPMANN
:
RoBERT GR.IER MoNROE

FREDERICK J. LISMAN
v/ Ro BERTH. MONTGOMERY
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH

"" EDWARD C. Moo RE
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ADELBERT MooT
ROBERT H. LORD
"' HENRY MoRGENTHAU
i'J OHN R. MACARTHUR
'
,, ROLAND s. MORRIS
HENRY NoBLE MAcCRACKEN
DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
,/GEORGE MURNANE
vSEvERo MALLET-P:REvosT
: ,... v:'WILLIAM A. NEILSON
/Louis C. MARBURG
1.r/l-IENRY R. NOYES
.,//GREGORY MASON
.
-
,/How ARD T. OLIVER
GEORGE 0. MAY
I,
' 'FREDERICK OSBORN
JOHN H. McCLEMENT
,/WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
. VANCE C. McCORMICK
A. OuDIN
/ JAMES G. McDONALD
EDWIN B. PARKER
'JAMES H. McGRA w
..
HERBERT PARSONS
.,/ CoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
..-'\iVILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
v'JoHN McHuGH
.......
RICHARD c. PATTERSbN, JR.
McRoBERTS
/'FREDERICK H. p A YNE
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
'"" GEQRGE FosTER PEABODY
v HERMAN A. METZ
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
"' SIDNEY E. MEZES
,/FRANK L. PoLK
JoHN G. MILBURN
JAMES H. PosT
'DAVID HUNTER MILLER
HAROLD I. PRATT
THOMAS w. MILLER
/ JoHN T. PRATT ..
HENRY E. MILLS
M1cHAEL I. PuPIN
OGDEN L. MILLS
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
w. H. MINER
t .
ALBERT RATHBONE
\
. CHARLES E. MITCHELL
I
ROLAND L. REDMOND
r

SAMUEL w. REYBURN
...,../ROGER W. Rns
v' WALLACE B. ROGERS
NICHOLAS RoosEVE;LT
v'ARTHUR J. RosEN1:HAL
'/LINDSAY
"'
E. SAWI!'f
L. SCHIFF
' JAMES BROWN SCOTT
\ HENRY R. SEAGER
,/ E. R. A. SELIGMAN
LORENZO SEMPLE
./ CORDENIO A. SEVERANCE
SEYMOUR
\' ALBERT SHA w
v WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
., WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
}AMES T. SHOTWELL
WALLACE D. SIMMONS
FRANCIS H. SISSON
'/ CLARENCE c. STETSON
EDWARD R. STETTINIUS
HENRY L. STIMSON
JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
OscAR S. STRA us
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR SWEETSER
GERARD SWOPE
*'' HENRY w. TAFT
7
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
/CARL TAYLOR
/ERASTUS T. TEFFT-
/ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
1r Roy E. TOMLINSON
RONALD TREE
" Guy E. TRIPP
. MARTIN VOGEL
FELIX-M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
' . HARRY E. w ARD
' ALLEN WARDWELL
,, JOHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. w ATSON
v VANDERBILT WEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
HENRY WHITE
\( JAMES G. WHITE
RUSSELL R. WHITMAN
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
'/ ALBERT H. WIGGIN,
Louis
v WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS
'; WILLIAM H. WooDIN
ALLYN A. y OU:NG
l c. G. YOUNG
OWEN D. YouNo
.,,,,.
...

BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident,
non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred
and fifty in number, who shall have their residences
or places of business within fifty miles of City
Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New
York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hun-
dred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places
of business within the said specified distance from
City Hall. . .
Academic members are those who, while members,
are regular members of the faculty of any university
or college, or accredited authors, writers and news-
paper men.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary
members.
Members of either class of the unincorporated
association from which this body was incorporated
shall continue as corresponding members of the cor-
poration, subject to the provisions of law and of
these by-laws.
II
Dues
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident mem-
bers shall pay $1ooperannum,exceptthatthosethirty-
five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum;
non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum;
academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except
that those who neither reside nor have places of
business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10
per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or
semi-annually in equal instalments at the optionof the
members-in advance. Default in the payment of
any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent
to resignation.
III
Officers
The Officers of the corporation shall be a Presi-
dent, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a
Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board
of Directors.
IV
There shall be an Executive Committee of six
members beside the President, who shall be ex-
officio a member, which Committee shall have and
may exercise all the powers of the Board of Direc-
tors, unless the Board is in session. Three members
of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
v
The Executive Committee shall annually elect a
Chairman from among its members, whose duty it
shall be to preside at the meetings of the Committee,
and who shall also have power to call meetings of the
Committee on such notice as from time to time shall
be approved by it.
The Executive Committee shall have power to fill
vacancies occurring in its number during the current
year.
VI
The President shall preside at all meetings of the
Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same,
and shall have general executive direction of the
corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of senioti ty shall dis-
charge the duties of the President in his absence, and
shall perform such other duties as from time to time

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shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors or
the Executive Committee.
-The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of
the corporation, shall keep all its records, and shall
act as secretary of the meetings of the Board and the
Executive Committees, and at such committee meet-
ings as may be directed by the President from time to
time. .
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of
the corporation.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Man-
ager who shall receive compensation as may be fixed
from time to time and who shall discharge such duties
as from time to time shall be assigned him l>y the
Board or the Executive Committee.
Vlll
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited
with a trust company in the Borough of Manhattan,
City .of New York, designated by the Board of Di-
rectors, or the Executive Committee, and disburse-
ments shall be made only upon checks or ,vouchers
approved by the President or one or more Vice-
Presidents, or the Treasurer and the General Man-
ager, or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held on the first Mon-
day of June in each year.
x
These by"'."laws may be amended at any meeting of
the Board of Directors, provided notice' of the pro-
posed amendment shall have been given at a previous
meeting.
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COUNCIL ON

BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS fiJ MEMBERS
January First, I925
]\{cw York
. . ~ .
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OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
/7ice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
HAMILTON FISH 'ARMSTRONG
General Manager
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN OTTO H. KAHN
NoRMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN p. DUGGAN
JoHN H. FINLEY
DAVID F. HousTON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
PAUL M. WARBURG
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM.
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Honorary Members
TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
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Members
-- v'''GEORGE, BURTON ADAMS
\,/]AMES s. ALEXANDER
'\/"FREDERICK H. ALLEN
.,./HENRY T. ALLEN
,/'FRANK ALTSCHUL
-
,,/CHARLES B. AMES
ERNEST ANGELL ..
/JIAMILTON F1sH ARMSTRONG
. GEORGE P. AULD
..,,,/ CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
v JULES s. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
-
/'' GEORGE BARR BAKER
v RAY STANNARD BAKER
-
v'. JULIUS H. BARNES
. ROBERT I. BARR
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
,,.../'AMOS L. BEATY
LAWRENCE BENNETT
.,,, JoHN G. BERGQUIST
.,/' PEMBERTON BERMAN
/ SAMUEL R. BERTRON
. /GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
'
_.........---
v' BRUCE BLIVEN
/' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
v ISAIAH BOWMAN
/ ROLAND w. BOYDEN
v' CHARLES H. BRENT
__.,. ,/ ALBERT BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
v' ELMER E. BROWN
,/ PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
.. / ARTHUR BULLARD
.,/ CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
...- WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
,./JAMES BYRNE
,./''CASS CANFIELD
,_/NEWCOMB CARLTON
v' THOMAS L: CHADBOURNE
/ JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
v'/ LEWIS L. CLARKE
,/ CHARLES A. COFFIN
,,/ WALTER P. CooKE
v' ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
" JosEPH P. CoTTON
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
CHARLES R. CRANE
" PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
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FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
... JoHN W. DAVIS
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v MALCOLM w. DAVIS
..,,.,. NORMAN H. DAVIS
.. F. TRUBEE DAVISON
t-''' GEORGE w. DAVISON
v' CLIVE DAY
.,.,. HENRY w. DE FOREST
-.,/ ROBERT w. DE FOREST
"'/ ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
.-. CLARENCE DILLON
.,/
1
FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
""WALTER DOUGLAS
v/ STEPHEN P, DUGGAN
FOSTER DULLES
/ARTHUR DUNN
\/T. CoLEMAN DU PoNT
lVIARTIN EGAN
.,/ OTTO M. EID LITZ
/KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
\,/''THOMAS EWING
v' WILLIAM H, P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
v EDWARD A. FILENE
H. FINLEY
/HENRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
vANDREW FLETCHER
FLETCHER
,/ RAYMOND B. FosmcK
,_ AusTEN G. Fox
,
,/P.A. s. FRANKLIN
_.......,.-
-
.... /LEOPOLD FREDRICK
/'WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FROELICK
vHARRY A. GARFIELD
,/JOHN w. GARRETT
/,GEORGE A. GASTON
F. GAY
/}AMES w. GERARD
v""HuGH GrnsoN
/s. PARKER G1LBERT
E. STANLEY GLINES
VRoBERT GoELET
\./SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
EUGENE G. GRACE
"/JEROME D. GREENE
RoGER S. GREENE
,,,,.ALEXANDER GROSSET
v.- SIDNEY L. Gu LICK
./ J. w. H. HAMILTON
.,_/JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
v"W1LLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN
,/FRANCIS R. HART
\r'' CHARLES H, HASKINS
..
" CHARLES D. HAZEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
v''SAMUEL HEILNER
,/How ARD HEINZ
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"'"ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
/'EDWIN M. HERR
/'JOHN GRIER HIBBEN
ROBERT c. HILL.
,....WALKER D. HINES
vflAMILTON HoLT.
..,.-EDWARD M. HousE
..-/DAVID F. HousToN
.,,,...-HERBERT S. HousToN
..... CHARLES P. HowLAND
'"/DAVID E. HUDSON
;,/MANLEY 0. HUDSON
/EDWARD N. HURLEY
.,.-/'EDMUND N. HUYCK
/HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
. ./''WILL IRWIN
v'1\.RTHUR CURTISS JAMES
./'HENRY JAMES
y'WALTER B. JAMES
/}AMES N. JARVIE
'LAWRENCE M. JAY
JEREMIAH W. JENKS
v/ ALBA B. JOHNSON
,,/'bouGLAS w. JOHNSON
"'
.-'OTTO H. KAHN
/ROYAL R. KEELY
y'',:NICHOLAS KELLEY
,,,..- FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
i/' FRED I. KENT
.,>"'WILLIAMS. Krns

vW1LLARD v. KING
OswALD W. KNAUTH
v"ALVIN w. KRECH
v-THOMASW.LAMONT
- VJ(ENNETH s. LATOURETTE
B. LEACH
. /HENRY GODDARD LEACH
/Jvy L. LEE
R. c. LEFFINGWELL
\,,.,.. HERBERT H. LEHMAN
c. K. LEITH
..---'FRANK LEWISOHN
... /SAM A. LEWISOHN
v-SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
""WALTER LIPPMANN
,./FREDERICK J. LISMAN
LLOYD-SMITH
.... -w1LLIAM A. LocKwooD
Ro BERT H. LoRD
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
v-'CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
V. EvERIT MACY
CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
vSEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
vLouis C. MARBURG
GEORGE w. MARTIN
vGREGORY MASON
JULIAN MASON
./GEORGE 0. MA y
WILLIAM McCLELLAN
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OHN H. McCLEMENT
..,.,.y ANCE C. McCORMICK
v'JAMES G. McDONALD
,.,.JAMES H. McGRA w
/CoNsTANTINE E. McGUIRE
""'SAMUEL McRoBERTS
;/VAN s. MERLE-SMITH
"'HERMAN A. METZ
""SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
vJoHN G. MILBURN
v,.!>AVID HUNTER MILLER
THOMAS w. MILLER
v''' .... HENRY E. Mn:.Ls
v".0GDEN L. MILLS
,,.:w. H. MINER
./'CHARLES E. MITCHELL
wrWESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
,/ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
PARKER T. MooN
,.,/EDw ARD C. Moo RE
;.-ADELBERT MooT
.. -'f:IENRY MoRGENTHAU
..riloLAND S. MoRRis
v1'.SwIGHT W. MoRROW
C. M. MucHNIC
v ERNON MUNROE
,/"GEORGE MURNANE
DENYS P. MYERS
d

,,r"'WILLIAM A. NEILSON /MELVIN E. SA WIN '
-. /HENRY R. NoYES
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./"MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
OSBORN
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F. SCHNEIDER, JR.
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.. -WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
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i v-"1 AMES BROWN SCOTT
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v'MAURICE A. OumN ...
"/HENRY R. SEAGER
/EDWIN B. PARKER
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v'E, R. A. SELIGMAN
;
GEOFFREY PARSONS
1 - .. /LORENZO' SEMPLE
..,/'HERBERT PARSONS.
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- "'/CORDENIO A. SEVER_ANCE
I
""'" .,.,....,-WILLIAM BARCLAY p ARSONS
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\""'CHARLES SEYMOUR
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.,,..FREDERICK H. p A YNE /ALBERT SHAW
v'"GEORGE FosTER PEABODY
.
/ WHITNEY FJ. SHEPARDSON
,/GEORGE A. PLIMPTON ,,,/"WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
,....,. ... FRANK L. POLK. ,,,/ALBERT SHIELS
""'}AMES H. PosT H. SHORT
JOHN A. POYNTON i,.-"'JAMES T. SHOTWELL
/}IAROLD I. PRATT \'/FRANCIS H. SISSON
vJoHN T. PRATT
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LLOYD w. SMITH
y,.,,M1cHAEL I. PuPIN HAROLD STANLEY
..,'"W1LLIAM L. RANSOM
..... V"" EDWARD R. STETTINIUS
/ALBERT RATHBONE ,,,,,,- HENRY L. STIMSON
HENRY RAWLE

.. IsIDOR STRAUS
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s. STRAUS
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/SAMUEL w. REYBURN

. /ALBERT STRAUSS
-- ./ RoGER W. Rns
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..-FREDERICK STRAUSS
T. L. ROBINSON
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........ SIMEON STRUNSKY
/WALLACE B. ROGERS
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,,""ARTHUR SWEETSER
,/N1cHOLAS RoosEVELT

v'GERARD SWOPE
/ARTHUR J. RosENTHAL ...... HENRY w. TAFT
GEORGE RuBLEE
--'MYRON c. TAYLOR
/.LINDSAY RussELL ...--A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
.....
_...,--
.}
;/ CARL TAYLOR
,/ERASTUS T. TEFFT
,,. ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
vfiARRY B. THAYER
J. A. THOMAS
' RoY E. TOMLINSON
I'
WALTERS. TowER
,,/ RoNALD TREE
/Guy E. TRIPP
MARTIN VOGEL
EDMUND A. w ALSH
,.FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBUR:G
HARRY E. WARD
' ALLEN WARDWELL
.. #jOHN I. WATERBURY
. THOMAS J. WATSON
" VANDERBILT \iVEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
' HENRY WHITE
JAMES G. WHITE
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
,/
,/GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
,,,.. . ALBERT H. WIGGIN
Louis WILEY
...... WILLIAM H. WooDIN
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
v/ALLYN A. YouNG
C. G. YouNG
" OWEN D. YouNG
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ABSTRACT FROM BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident,
academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in
number, who shall have their residences or places of business
within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan,
City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and
fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within
the said specified distance from City Hall .
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular
members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited
authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay
$100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and
under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay
f,50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, ex-
cept that those who neither reside nor have places of business
within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10 per annum. All dues
shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at
the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment
of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resig-
nation.
III
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or
more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be
elected annually by the Board of Directors.
VI
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Di-
rectors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general
executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the
duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such
__ ,61
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other duties as from titiie to time shall be assigned them by the
Board of Directors or the Executive Committee.
- The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corpora-
tion, shall keep all its records, and shall act as secretary of the
meetings of the Board and the Executive Committees, and at
such committee meetings as may be directed by the President
from time to time.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corpora:-
tion.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Manager who shall
receive compensation as may be fixed from time to time and who
shall discharge such duties as from time to time shall be assigned
him by the Board or the Executive Committee. The Board shall
appoint an Acting General Manager (without salary) to serve as
such in the absence of the General Manager.
VIII
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited with a trust
company in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York,
designated by the Board of Directors, or the Executive Commit-
tee, and disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouch-
ers approved by the President or one or more Vice-Presidents, or
the Treasurer and the General Manager, or the Treasurer and the
Acting General Manager (in the absence of the General Man-
ager), or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held not later than December
fifteenth.
x
These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall
have been given at a previous meeting.
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COUNCIL ON
\\
FOREIGN RELATIONS, lNc.
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS fS MEMBERS
Jantlllry Fir11, z9:16
:JX!,w Torie
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PURPOSE
:S-;( r;z.1
C"
T
HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a
continuous conference on the international as-
professions, is limited in number in order that free-
dom in discussion may be maintained.
entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discus-
sion of the attitude which the United States might
properly assume toward current international prob-
lems. The Council is not a trade organization nor
has it any connection with any political party. It
simply is a group of men, many of whom have had
wide experience in international affairs, who wish by
scientific and impartial study to aid in the develop-
ment of a reasoned American foreign policy.
national relations.
. . .
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Cal'ltl'fe lllllllli'
1or Int ,,_,.
MAR 2 2 1934
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.OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
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Executive Directors
"'
DIRECTORS
NORMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
JoHN H. FINLEY PAUL M. WARBURG
DAVID F. HousTON GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
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A.Mos L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
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PERRY BELMONT
Honorary c%em/Jer.r LAWRENCE BENNETT
TASKER H. BLISS
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
ELIHU RooT
t
PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
c%em/Jer.r
'
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
ERNEST H. ABBOTT
J
BRUCE BLIVEN
JOHN ]AY ABBOTT GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
JULIUS 0. ADLER WILLIS H. BOOTH
JoHN G. AGAR
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EDWIN M. BORCHARD
}AMES S. ALEXANDER
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HENRY s. BOWERS
FREDERICK H. ALLEN ISAIAH BOWMAN
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HENRY T. ALLEN
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RoLAND W. BOYDEN
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FRANK ALTSCHUL CHARLES H. BRENT
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JAMES W. ANGELL ELMER E. BROWN
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CECIL s. ASHDOWN ARTHUR BULLARD
~ )
GEORGE P. AULD
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CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
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WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
JULES S, BACHE JAMES BYRNE
EARLE BAILIE HENRY D. CAMPBELL
I
H. FosTER BAIN CASS CANFIELD
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR. NEWCOMB CARLTON
RAY STANNARD BAKER THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
ROBERT I. BARR
.
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
CHARLES c. BAUER L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
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RoBERT GoELET MANLEY 0. HUDSON
F. ABBOT GOODHUE EDWARD N. HURLEY
FRANK J. GOODNOW EDMUND N. HUYCK
EUGENE G. GRACE CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
JEROME D. GREENE HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
ROGER s. GREENE
i
WILL lRwIN
;,'..J
ALEXANDER GROSSET ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
SIDNEY L. GULICK HENRY JAMES
]. w. H. HAMILTON WALTER B. }AMES
]OHN HAYS HAMMOND }AMES N. }ARVIE
]oHN HENRY HAMMOND LAWRENCE M. JAY
LEARNED HAND }EREMIAH W. }ENKS
WILLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN ALBA B. JOHNSON
FRANCIS R. HART DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
CHARLES H. HASKINS OTToH. KAHN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES NICHOLAS KELLEY
CHARLES D. HAZEN FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
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SAMUEL HEILNER FRED I. KENT
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HOWARD HEINZ FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
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ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON WILLIAM s. KIES

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EDWIN M. HERR WILLARD V. KING
JoHN GRIER HIBBEN
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OSWALD w. KNAUTH
ROBERT c. HILL ALVIN w. KRECH
WALKER D. HINES THOMAS w. LAMONT
'
HAMILTON HoLT JOHN S. LA WREN CE
EDWARD M. HousE ARTHUR B. LEACH
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DAVID F. HOUSTON HENRY GODDARD LEACH
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HERBERT s. HOUSTON lvY L. LEE
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CHARLES P. HOWLAND RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
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DAVIDE. HUDSON ARTHUR LEHMAN
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HERBERT H. LEHMAN
CHARLES K. LEITH
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
WALTER LIPPMANN
Fa.EDE RICK J. USMAN
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT H. LORD
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
CLARENCE H. MACKAY
V. EvERIT MACY
CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
Louis C. MARBURG
GREGORY MASON
JULIAN MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
WILLIAM McCLELLAN
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
JAMES G. McDONALD
]AMES H. McGRAW
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN c. MERRIAM
JOHN L. MERRILL
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HERMAN A. METZ
SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
THOMAS W. MILLER
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
w. H. MINER
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
PARKER T. MooN
EDw ARD C. Moo RE
ADELBERT MooT
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES M. MucHNIC
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
FREDERIC A. OGG
FREDERICK OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuoIN
EDWIN B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
FREDERICK H. PAYNE HENRY R. SEAGER
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY E. R. A. SELIGMAN
JAMES H. PERKINS EusTACE SELIGMAN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON CHARLES SEYMOUR
WILLIAM B. POLAND ALBERT SHAW
FRANK L. POLK

WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
JAMES H. PosT WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
WILFRED M. PosT ALBERT SHIELS
WILSON M. POWELL WILLIAM H. SHORT
JOHN A. POYNTON JAMES T. SHOTWELL
HAROLD I. PRATT FRANCIS H. SISSON
JOHN T. PRATT LLOYD w. SMITH
HENRY s. PRICHETT JOSIAH E. SPURR
MICHAEL I. PuPIN HAROLD STANLEY
WILLIAM L. RANSOM ALBERT w. STAUB
ALBERT RATHBONE HENRY L. STIMSON
HENRY RAWLE CHARLES A. STONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
SAMUEL w. REYBURN OSCAR s. STRAUS
OWEN F. ROBERTS ALBERT STRAUSS
THOMAS L. ROBINSON FREDERICK STRAUSS
w ALLACE B. ROGERS SIMEON STRUNSKY
t"
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT ARTHUR SWEETSER
f'
ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL i GERARD SWOPE

'
GEORGE RUBLEE HERBERT BA y ARD SWOPE
LINDSAY RUSSELL HENRY w. TAFT
MELVIN E. SAWIN A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
MoRTIMER L. ScHIFI' CARL TAYLOR
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR. MYRON c. TAYLOR
JAMES BROWN ScoTT ERASTUS T. TEFFT

..
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
Roy E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
Guy E. TRIPP
MARTIN VOGEL
GEORGE H. w ALKER
EDMUND A. w ALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
JoHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
HENRY WHITE
JAMES G. WHITE
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
Louis WILEY
WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNG
C. GRIFFITH YOUNG
OWEN D. y OUNG
BY-LAWS
City of New York.
the said specified distance from City Hall.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
$50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, ex-
shall be paid annually--or semi-annually in equal instalments at
nation.
III
more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be
IV
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other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the
Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corpora-
tion.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corpora-
tion, and shall keep its records.
v
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or
Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and
assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VJ
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be
deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough
of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of
Directors, and (or) shall be invested by an investment committee
of three, appointed by the President from among the Directors.
Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers ap-
proved by the Treasurer and one or the other of the Executive
Directors, or in the case of the funds of FOREIGN AFFAillS by the
Treasurer and the Managing Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS (or in
the absence of the Managing Editor, the Acting Managing
Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the
absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority
to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with author-
icy to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer ii 10 author-
ized.
VII
The annual meeting shall b.e held after the completion of the
fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth.
VIII
"""
--
- ---
COUNCIL ON
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS E5 MEMBERS
January First, r927
::AC!,w Tork
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PURPOSE

T
HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a
continuous conference on , the international as-
entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discus-
sion of the attitude which the United States might
properly assume toward current international prob-
lems. The Council is not a trade organization nor
has it any connection with any political party. It
simply is a group of men, many of whom have had .
wide experience in international affairs, who wish by
scientific and impartial study to aid in the, develop-
ment of a reasoned American foreign policy.
view, FoREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of
national relations.
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OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
Executive Directors
DIRECTORS
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANKL. POLK
NORMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
JOHN H. FINLEY PAUL M. WARBURG
DAVID F. HousTON GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
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Honorary Jreember.r
TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
Resident Jreember.r
./ERNEST H. ABBOTT
,_,/] ULIUS 0. ADLER
/') OHN G. AGAR
w. ALDRICH
/'JAMES S. ALEXANDER
v"FREDERICK H. ALLEN
.,./FRANK ALTSCHUL
L/ERNEST ANGELL
W. ANGELL
,/
,/HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
,/'CECIL s. ASHDOWN
!<"GEORGE P. AULD
CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
\,/'} ULES s. BACHE
,./ EARLE BAILIE
"' ' H. FOSTER BAIN
v'.GEORGE F. BAKER, JR.
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
'
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
,/
,.,,, ROBERT I. BARR
c. BATCHELDER
',..,CHARLES c. BAUER
;/AMOS L. BEATY
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, NEAL Dow BECKER
v . LA WREN CE BENNETT
' JOHN G. BERGQUIST
,, PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
v WILLIS H. BOOTH
HENRY s. BOWERS
' . ISAIAH BOWMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
/ KENT BROMLEY
, . ELMER E. BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
v CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
v JAMES BYRNE
. HENRY D. CAMPBELL
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
\ NEWCOMB CARLTON
EDWARD c. CARTER
' WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
. JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
. L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
\,/ CHARLES w. COLBY
JosEPH P. COTTON
' FREDERIC R. CouDERT
' CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN W. M. CuTcHEON
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/JOHN w. DAVIS
v' MALCOLM W. DAVIS
I/ NORMAN H. DAVIS
lF. TRUBEE DAVISON
GEORGE W. DAVISON
/
/ /HENRY w. DE FOREST
./ ROBERT w. DE FOREST
v-'CLARENCE DILLON
,,/'FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
,,//WALTER DOUGLAS
./STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
.,,/ JOHN FOSTER DULLES
/ ARTHUR DUNN
,/ EDWARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
.,/MARTIN EGAN
M. E1DL1TZ
,,,,. KARL EILERS
v ABRAM I. ELKUS
,; How ARD ELLIOTT
JACKSON s. ELLIOTT
THOMAS EWING
/MAX FARRAND
MARSHALL FIELD
"' ROBERT M. FIELD
H. FINLEY
./HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
. ,/HENRY FLETCHER
.,.,,: }AMES V. FoRRESTAL
B. FosDICK
~
/
v AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
\.' P.A. s. FRANKLIN
,,/LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
-'Louis D. FRoELICK
1'GEORGE A. GASTON
1<}AMES w. GERARD
. s. PARKER GILBERT
..... SAMUEL P. GILMAN
I E. STANLEY GLINES
"'Ro BERT GoELET
ALBERT E. GOODHART
~ ' F. ABBOT GOODHUE
/"EVARTS B. GREENE
v"}EROME D. GREENE
..... , ALEXANDER GROSSET
\ SIDNEY L. GULICK
~ J. w. H. HAMILTON
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
.. LEARNED HAND
}AMES G. HARBORD
EDWARD HARDING
,,..,w1LLIAM AvERELL HARRIMAN
\."'CARLTON J. H. HAYES
/ CHARLES D. HAZEN
. SAMUEL HEILNER
"' . ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
~ EDWIN M. HERR
CHAR.LES R. HICKOX
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y- ROBERT c. HILL
v'WALKER D. HINES
~ EDWARD M. HousE
" DAVID F. HOUSTON
.. HERBERT s. HOUSTON
1o CHARLES P. HowLAND
"'--DAVIDE. HUDSON
JOHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
RoscoE H. HuPPER
_ .. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
Y-HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
.,...,.WILL IRWIN
...... ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
i.,."''
,/HENRY }AMES
y
- . WALTER B. JAMES
1.;'' }AMES N. }ARVIE
JOHN C. }AY
_,. ,,. LAWRENCE M. }AY
. JEREMIAH W. JENKS
\/' DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
,.,,- OTTO H. KAHN
' W4LTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
' FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
vFRED I. KENT
..,REDERICK P. KEPPEL
... WILLIAM S. Krns
>''WILLARD v. KING
"'OSWALD w. KNAUTH
1.-/ALVIN w. KRECH
1.'THOMAS w. LAMONT
"I

"'
.,.dARTHUR B. LEACH
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
'-'"'IVY L. LEE
..,,,RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
.. ""ARTHUR LEHMAN
v-lIERBERT H. LEHMAN
LEWISOHN
... --SAM A. LEWISOHN
..... SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
... WALTER LIPPMANN
'-'FREDERICK J. LISMAN
.-WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT A. LOVETT
,!..--" CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
""CLARENCE H. MACKA y
.,,v. EvERIT MACY
-\,.,/'CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
, .. SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
\.Louis C. MARBURG
'" GREGORY MASON
,. JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
v WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
"' JAMES G. McDoN ALD
JAMES H. McGRA w
-.'SAMUEL McRoBERTS
. v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
.. ' JOHN L. MERRILL
v HERMAN A. METZ
'
SIDNEY E. MEZES
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G. MILBANK
$/JOHN G. MILBURN
HUNTER MILLER
v- HENRY E. MILLS
L. MILLS
I' CHARLES E. MITCHELL
....... WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
t"' GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
.! ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
T. MooN
..-'"'.f-IENRY MoRGENTHAU
t/ DWIGHT w. MORROW
""'CHARLES M. MucHNic
1.
4
VERNON MUNROE
t/GEORGE MURNANE
- . GRAYSON M.-P. MURPHY
OSBORN
v"'WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
\ WILLIAM H. OSBORN
t'' MAURICE A. 0UDIN
.... GEOFFREY p ARSONS
.,.,.GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
vJ AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
/ -
v" GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
/
/ FRANK L. PoLK
i..<f AMES H. PosT
v/ WILSON M. PowE:J,L
v/ JOHN A. POYNTON
"'""HAROLD I. PRATT

- T. PRATT
I HENRY s. PRITCHETT
.-MicHAEL I. PuPIN
I WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
J ROLAND L. REDMOND
"""'SAMUEL w. REYBURN
JOHN V. W. REYNDERS
A. HAMILTON RICE
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
1 ...... 6wEN F. ROBERTS
LINDSA y ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
' NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
//ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
'ARTHUR SACHS
J. SAcHs
,./MELVIN E. SAWIN
J. Louis SCHAEFER
lo<' MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
.... FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
l HENRY R. SEAGER
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
SELIGMAN
" ALBERT SHA w
..,WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
' WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
.. ALBERT SHIELS
,.- WILLIAM H. SHORT
i
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V'JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JoHN L. SIMPSON
v'FRANcis H. S1ssoN
GEORGE A. SLOAN
\i LLOYD w. SMITH
\./JOSIAH E. SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
ALBERT w. STAUB
V"' HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
v"CHARLES A. STONE
i.'J ESSE ISIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
"'" ALBERT STRAUSS
"'FREDERICK STRAUSS
,/SIMEON STRUNSKY
' ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
"'/ GERARD SwoPE
\, .. HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
'""''tt."
"'HENRY w. TAFT
v' A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
!.,.."CARL TAYLOR
I/ MYRON c. TAYLOR
\,/ ERASTUS T. TEFFT
,,, HARRY B. THAYER
\' JAMES' A. THOMAS
1
RoY E. ToMLINSON
WALTERS. TowER
Ro:NALD TREE
GuY E. TRIPP

,.,,..,,,MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
v: GEORGE H. w ALKER
\i FELIX M. WARBURG
v PAUL M. WARBURG
v'HARRY E. WARD
1 ALLEN WARDWELL
1
"JOHN I. WATERBURY
... ,.THOMAS J. w ATSON
,,.VANDERBILT WEBB
- l. CURTIS WHEELER
WHITE
;. ]AMES G. WHITE
' GEORGE WHITNEY
"',ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
\ GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
L1NSLY RuDD WILLIAMS
HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
/ WILLIAM H. WoODIN
v CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
.,.,.BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
\....:"
OWEN D. YOUNG
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Non-Resident c-%ember.r
]AY ABBOTT
\,/HENRY T. ALLEN
.
NEWTON D. BAKER
\ RAY STANNARD BAKER
.,,. .. PERRY BELMONT
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
v/ EDWIN M. BORCHARD
r' '
,/'
v ROLAND w. BOYDEN
..,./CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
"'/PHILIP BROWN
.... /ARTHUR BULLARD
,...,,WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
,,,,.- . .
,,.,, CASS CANFIELD
- \-'SAMUEL HAR.DEN CHURCH
EMORY w. CLARK
v'WILLIAM CLARK
,,..WALTER P. COOKE
.... ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
H. G. DALTON
v CLIVE DAY
,/ '
/ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
..//CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
,, .. /WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
"'S10NEY B. FAY
"""EDWARD A. FILENE
,I/
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Non-Resident c5'rCember .r
.,/ JoHN JAY ABBOTT
"/HENRY T. ALLEN
NEWTON D. BAKER
v< RAY STANNARD BAKER
/ PERRY BELMONT
.., GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
" EDWIN M. BoRCJ-IARD
.,/ROLAND w. BOYDEN
,,,/CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT S. BROOKINGS
. .
v' PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
....... ARTHUR BULLARD
,./WILLI.A'.M BUTTERWORTH
/' <
/CASS CANFIELD
\.SAMUEL HARDEN CHURCH
EMORY w. CLARK
""WILLIAM CLARK
v WALTER P. COOKE
"' ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
FI. G. DALTON
1-'' CLIVE DA y
,.../ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
,;/CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
/WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
"S1DNEY B. FAY
"EDWARD A. FILENE
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vif ANCE C. McCORMICK.
GEORGE McFADDEN
vCoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
.,,,"WALTER W. McLAREN
/JOHN C. MERRIAM
k EDWARD C. MooRE
", .. ADELBERT MooT
("ROLAND' s. MORRIS
i/DENYS P. MYERS
--WILLIAM A. NEILSON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
"' FREDERIC A. OGG
.,. "EDWIN B. PARKER
vFirnDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
WILLIAM B. POLAND
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
WALLACE B. ROGERS
Juuus RosENWALD
...-/"GEORGE RUBLEE
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
vJAMES BROWN ScoTT
v CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
I ARTHUR SWEETSER
I
..;,j

MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
HOMER GAGE
.. , HARRY A. GARFIELD
>' JOHN w. GARRETT
v EDWIN F. GAY
.-'HUGH GIBSON
i.-"FRANK J. GOODNOW
1<EuGENE G. GRAcE
v<R.oGER S. GREENE
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
..,.,,,,'FRANCIS R. HART
'CHARLES H. HASKINS
"'How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAE'L HERMAN
- 1--JoHN GRIER HIBBEN
HoLT
R1cHARD HooKER
,,
"''MANLEY 0. HUDSON
I' EDWARD N. HURLEY
B. EDWIN
\' EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
'v JOHN S. LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
ROBERT H. LORD
,, A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER

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!
FRANK W. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
v EDMUND A. WALSH
..... /WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
.,,-"HENRY M. WRISTON
ot' ALLYN A. YOUNG
l
...
~
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
V ~ EDMUND A. w ALSH
."-
.,.. WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
~ f HENRY M. WRISTON
,/ ALLYN A. y OUNG
\
'I
BY-LAWS
'I
I
City of New York.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary
members.
II
under shall pay $so per annum; non-resident members shall pay
$so per annum; academic members shall pay $1s per annum, ex-
the option of the members_:_in advance. Default in the payment
nation.
, III
more Vice-Presidents,. a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board ,of Di-
....
_.......-
other duties as from time to time shall be. assigned them by the
Board of Directors.
tion.
v
Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and,
VI
The fonds of the corporation and of FoREIGN AFFAIRS shall be
proved by the Treasurer and one or the other of the Executive
Directors, or in the case of the funds of FOREIGN AFFAIRS by the
Treasurer and the Managing Editor of FoR.EIGN AFFAIRS (or in
the absence of the Managing Editor, the Acting Managing
Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the
absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority
to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with author-
ity to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so author-
ized.
VII
The annual meeting shall be held after the completion of the
fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth: ,
VIII
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PURPOSE
J:(i1
.Ceo
T
HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a con-
tinuous conference on the international aspects
of America's political, economic and financial prob-
lems. I ts membership, . made up of men of many
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners
distinguished American and foreign guests are enter-
tained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of
the attitude which the United States might properly
assume toward current international problems. The
Council is not a trade organization nor has it any
connection with any political party.
authoritative American review dealing with interna-
tional relations.
The Council has recently undertaken a program of
research under the direction of Charles P. Howland.
He and his collaborators are planning an annual sur-
vey of American foreign policy, as well as to continue
the publication of the Council's series of individual
volumes on special questions.
1
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i
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
WALTER HAMPTON MALLORY
Executive Directors
DIRECTORS
Retiring I928
lsAIAH BOWMAN NORMAN H. DAVIS
A1t.CHIBA.LD c. COOLIDGE WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CRAVATH PAUL M. WARBURG
Retiring I929
JoHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
JOHN H. FINLEY
OTTO H. KAHN
GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM
OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I930
ALLEN w. DULLES GEORGE 0. MAY
EDWIN F. GAY WESLEY c. MITCHELL
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL FRANK L. PoLK
<:".J'
N
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Q

Honorary cJtfembers
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
Resident cJ'ICembers
ERNEST H. ABBOTT
JULIUS 0. ADLER
JoHN G. AGAR
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
JAMES S. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK. H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
ERNEST ANGELL
}AMES w. ANGELL
CECIL S. AsHDOWN
GEORGE P. AuLD
CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR.
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
OTTo T. BANNARD
HENRY G. BAR.BEY
ROBERT I. BARR
t
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I
CHARLES C. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
LAWRENCE BENNETT
]oHN G. BERGQUIST
PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
WILLIS H. BOOTH
HENRY s. BOWERS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
C. CHARLES BURLINGAME
CHARLES C. BURLINGHAM
]AMES BYRNE
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
EDWARD c. CARTER
THOMf.S L. CHADBOURNE
JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
HENRY A. E. CHANDLER
0rTO M. EIDLITZ
II."
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
KARL EILERS
CHARLES w. COLBY
ABRAM I. ELK.US
JosEPH P. CoTI'oN
How ARD ELLIOTI'
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
JACK.SON s. ELLIOTI'
CHARLES R. CRANE
THOMAS EWING
PAUL D. CRAVATH
MARSHALL FIELD
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
RoBERT M. FIELD
FRANK.LIN W. M. CuTCHEON
l
JOHN H. FINLEY
R. FULTON CUTTING
HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY .
HENRY FLETCHER
JoHN W. DAVIS
BERNARD FLEXNER
NORMAN H. DAVIS'
JAMES V. FoRRESTAL
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
RAYMOND B. FosDICK.
GEORGE w. DAVISON
AusTEN G. Fox
HENRY P. DAVISON
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
HENRY w. DE FOREST
P. A. s. FRANK.LIN
ROBERT w. DE FOREST
LEON FRASER
CLARENCE DILLON I
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
FRANK. N. DOUBLEDAY

WALTER E. FREW
WALTER DouGLAS

Lours D. FRoELICK
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
I
GEORGE A. GASTON
I
ALLEN w. DULLES !:
JAMES w. GERARD
JoHN FosTER DuLLES
WALTER s. GIFFORD
ARTHUR DUNN
S. p ARK.ER GILBERT
EDWARD M. EARLE
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
FERDINAND EBER.STADT
E. STANLEY GLINES
PHANOR J. EDER
RoBERT GoELET
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
ALBERT E. GOODHART
GEORGE w. EDWARDS
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
MARTIN EGAN
EVARTS B. GREENE
JEROME D. GREENE
ELLERY s. JAMES
ALEXANDER GROSSET
HENRY JAMES
s. R. GUGGENHEIM
JAMES N. JARVIE
SIDNEY L. GULICK.
JOHN C. JAY
J. w. H. HAMILTON
JEREMIAH W. JENKS
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
PHILIP C. JESSUP
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
LEARNED HAND
t
Orro H. KAHN
JAMES G. HARBOR.D
I
WALTER B. KAHN
EDWARD HARDING
NICHOLAS KELLEY
WILLIAM AVERELL HARR.IMAN
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
CARLTON J. H. HA YES
I
FRED I. KENT
ll
CHARLES D. HAZEN
FREDERICK. P. KEPPEL
'I
SAMUEL HEILNER
WILLIAM s. KIES
ALEXANDER. I. HENDERSON
WILLARD v. KINO
EDWIN M. HERR.
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
CHARLES R. HICKOX
t
ALVIN w. KRECH
:1
ROBERT c. HILL
THOMAS w. LAMONT
!!i
WALKER D. HINES
ARTHUR B. LEACH i
1
1
EDWARD M. HousE
t
IIENRY GODDARD LEACH
'I
DAVID F. HOUSTON
l
IVY L. LEE
111
IIERBERT s. HOUSTON
RUSSELL C. LEFFINGWELL
'I
CHARLES P. HowLAND
ARTHUR LEHMAN
:,11
DAVID E. HUDSON
l
IIERBERT II. LEHMAN
JoHN CHAMBERS HuoHES
FRANK LEWISOHN
ii
j
!
EDWARD H. HUME
.1
SAM A. LEWISOHN
RoscoE II. HuPPER
i SAMUEL McCuNE LrnDsA Y
I
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
l
VVALTER LIPPMANN
HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
'
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
WILL IRWIN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
VVILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT A. LOVETT
CHARLES S, MACFARLAND
CLARENCE H. MACKAY
V. EvERIT MACY
WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MAR.BURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
Louis MARSHALL
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
}AMES G. McDONALD
}AMES H. McGRA w
WILLIAM L. McPHERSON
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN L. MERRILL
HERMAN A. METZ
SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JOHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
WALTER MILLIS
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
l
I
I
PARKER T. MooN
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
DWIGHT W. MORR.OW
CHARLES M. MucHNic
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuDIN
GEOFFREY PARSONS
GEORGE FOSTER. PEABODY
]AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
WILSON M. POWELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMILTON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS

OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND. REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
ARTHUR }. ROSENTHAL
RALPH S. RouNDS
BEARDSLEY RuML
ARTHUR SACHS
How ARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDw ARD L. SHEA
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
GEORGE A. SLOAN
LLOYD w. SMITH
JOSIAH E. SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
I
1
I
(
1
'I
ALBERT W. STAUB
JosEPH E. STERRETT
HENRY L. STIMSON
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE !SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
BENJAMIN STRONG
SIMEON STR.UNSKY
AR.THUR HAYS SULZBERGER
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
HENRY W. TAFT
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
MARTIN VoGEL
ELISHA WALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
JOHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
}AMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
Louis WILEY
LINsLY RuDD WILLIAMS
GARRARD B. WINSTON
WILLIAM H. WoomN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
Non-Resident c%embers
JOHN JAY ABBOTT
HENRY T. ALLEN
}AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PERl.Y BELMONT
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT Wooos BL1ss
EDWIN M. BoRcHA.llD
ROLAND W. BOYDEN
CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
PHILIP MARSHALL BR.OWN
AR.THUil BULLARD
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, J 11..
EMollY W. CLARK
WILLIAM CLARK
WALTER P. COOKE
ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
HARRY G. DALTON
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
MAx FARll.AND
WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
EDWARD A. FILENE
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JoHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EUGENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JosEPH C. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
JoHN S. LAwRENCf.
ALEXANDER LEGGE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LAWRENCE Lo WELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
GEORGE McFADDEN
WALTER W. McLAREN
JOHN C. MERRIAM
EDWARD c. MOORE
ADELBERT MooT
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
FREDERIC A. Ooo
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RicE
JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
WALLACE B. RooERS
JULIUS ROSENWALD
GEOl.OE RUBLEE
BER.NADOTTE E. SCHMITT
JAMES BROWN ScoTT

CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
A. w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLA1TERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK. w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. V AUCLAIN
EDMUND A. w ALSH
WESTMORE WILLCOX, JR.
WESTEL W. WILLOUGHBY
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNo
BY-LAWS
I
City of New York.
members.
II
$Ioo per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and
under shall pay f,50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay
within fifty miles of New York shall pay $Io per annum. All dues
nation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall
be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to
serve for three-year terms, and to be elected annually by the
Board of Directors at their first meeting in the autumn of each
year.
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected
annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of.the Board of Di-
I
I,
)
PURPOSE
JX1.1
.cc,
T
of America's political, economic and financial prob-
lems. I ts membership, made up of men of many
professions, is limited in number so that freedom
in discussion may he maintained.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners
distinguished American and foreign guests are enter-
tained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of
the attitude which the United States might properly
assume toward current international problems.
The Council is not a trade organization nor has it
any connection with any political party.
Hamilton Fish Armstrong. FOREIGN AFFAIRS has
established itself as the most authoritative American
review dealing with international relations.
The Council has recently undertaken a program of
research under the direction of Charles P. Howland.
He and his collaborators prepare the annual SUR-
VEY OF AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS and plan
individual volu.mes on special international ques-
tions.
(I

't
.'1
{;
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
]OHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CR.AVATH
Pice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I929
]OHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
JOHN H. FINLEY
ALLEN W. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
Ono H. KAHN
GEORGE w. WICKER.SHAM
OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I930
GEORGE 0. MAY
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
FRANK L. Pou:
Retiring r93 I
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CR.AVATH PAUL M. WARBURG

.;

;t
Honorary c:JtCembers
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
TASKER H. BLISS
AMOS L. BEATY
ELIHU RooT
NEAL Dow BECKER
.j.
LAWRENCE BENNETT
Resident c:JtCembers
JoHN G. BERGQUIST
ERNEST H. ABBOTT SAMUEL R. BER.TRON
JULIUS 0. ADLER
I
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
l
JoHN G. AGAR WILLIS H. BOOTH
WINTHROP W. ALDRICH

HENRY s. BOWERS
JAMES S. ALEXANDER lsAIAH BOWMAN
FREDERICK H. ALLEN HENRY c. BRECK
FRANK ALTSCHUL
...
KENT BROMLEY
ERNEST ANGELL
ELMER E. BROWN
JAMES w. ANGELL FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
JAMES BROWN
CECIL s. ASHDOWN WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
GEORGE P. AULD
JAMES B. BRUCE
CHELLIS A. AUSTIN RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
JuLES S. BACHE CHESTER. G. BURDEN
EAR.LE BAILIE
t
c. CHAR.LES BURLINGAME
H. FOSTER. BAIN
CHAR.LES c. BURLINGHAM
GEORGE F. BAKER., JR.

JAMES BYRNE
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
CASS CANFIELD
AR.THUR. A. BALLANTINE NEWCOMB CARLTON
OTTo T. BANNARD EDWARD c. CARTER
HENRY G. BARBEY
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
ROBERT I. BARR
MARTIN EGAN
KARL EILERS
L. H. PA UL CHAPIN
ABRAM I. ELKUS
CHARLES W. COLBY
]AMES A. FARRELL
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
MARSHALL FIELD
JOSEPH P. COTTON
j
ROBERT M. FIELD
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
JOHN H. FINLEY
FREDERIC R. COUDERT, } R.
1
CHARLES R. CRANE
HENRY FLETCHER
PAUL D. CRAVATH
BERNARD FLEXNER
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
~
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL
'
F. KINOSBURY CURTIS
RAYMOND B. FosDICK
FRANXLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
AUSTEN G. Fox
R. FULTON CUTTINO
i
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
]OHN w. DAVIS
LEON FRASER
NORMAN H. DAVIS
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
GEOROE W. DAVIBON
WALTER E. FREW
HENRY P. DAVISON
Louis D. FROELICK
HENRY W. DE FOREST
i
GEORGE A. GASTON
ROBERT w. DE FOREST
ARTEMUS L. GATES
CLARENCE DILLON
r
]AMES W. GERARD
WALTER DouoLAs
WALTER s. GIFFORD
STEPHEN P. DuooA.N
~ ..
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
r
E. STANLEY GLINES
]OHN FOSTER DULLES
ALBERT E. GOODHART
ARTHUR DUNN
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
EDWARD M. EARLE
EVARTS B. GREENE
JEROME D. GREENE
PHANOR J. EDER
ALEXANDER GROSSET
GEORGE W. EDWARDS
s. R. GUGGENHEIM
SIDNEY L. GULICK
JEREMIAH VV.]ENKs
]OHN HAYS HAMMOND
PHILIP C. J Essup
]OHN HENRY HAMMOND
DouGLAs VV. ]OHNsoN
LEARNED HAND
Ono H. KAHN
]AMES G. HAllBORD
VVALTER B. KAHN
EDWARD HARDING
NICHOLAS KELLEY
WILLIAM AVER.ELL HARRIMAN
I
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
GEORGE L. HARRISON
J
FRED I. KENT
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
CHARLES D. HAZEN
VVILLIAM s. KIES
SAMUEL HEILNER
{
VVILLARD V. KzNG
OSWALD VV. KNAUTH
EDWIN M. HERR
THOMAS vv. LAMONT
CHARLES R. Hicrcox
'
ARTHUR B. LEACH

vv ALKER D. HINES
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
HAROLD K. HocHscHILD
Ivy L. LEE
EDWARD M. HousE
HERBERT s. HOUSTON
ARTHUR LEHMAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
DAVID E. HuDsoN
l
FRANK LEWISOHN
]OHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
SAM A. LEWISOHN
EDWARD H. HUME
1
SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY
CL.AR.ENCE E. HUNTER
\V ALTER LIP PM.ANN
Rosco H. HUPPER
'
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
CH.AR.LES CHENEY HYDE
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILL IRWIN
WILLIAM A. Locxwooo
ARTHUR CURTISS ]AM.Es
ROBERT A. LOVETT
ELLERY s. J ..\MES
CH.>.RLES s. M.>.CF.AR.LAND
HENRY ].AM.Es
Ct.>.ltENCE H. MACKAY
].AMES N. ]AR.VIE
V. EvERIT MAcy
SEVERO 1'fALLET-PREVOST
WALTER. H. 1'fALLOR.Y
Louis c. 1'fAR.BURO
ALl'llED E. l\fARLIN'O
LOUIS MARSHALL
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. 1'fAY
CHARLES S. l\f cCAIN
WILLIAM C. l\fcCLELLAN
}AMES G. l\fcDoNALD
}AMES H. l\fcGRAw
WILLIAM L. l\fcPHERSON
SAMUEL l\fcRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
}OHN L. 1'fERRILL
HERMAN A. l\f ETZ
ALBERT G. 1'fILBANK
}OHN G. l\fILBURN
DAVID HUNTER 1'fILLER.
WALTER 1'fILLIS
HENRY E. 1'fILLS
OGDEN L. 1'fILLS
CHARLES E. 1'fITCHELL
WESLEY CLAIR l\fJTCHELL
PAuL l\foNllOE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
RoBERT H. l\foNTOOMEllY
PARKER T. l\fooN
IIENllY S. Molt.GAN
IIENRY MollGENTHAU
DWIGHT W. l\foRRow
.
'
,,
CHARLES M. MucHNic
VERNON l\f UNROE
GEORGE l\fURNANE
HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
l\foRGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
1'fAURICE A. Ouo1N
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
}AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANKL. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
WILSON l\f. POWELL
JOHN A.POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMIL TON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
H:owARD C. RoBBINs
OwEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
ARTHUR SACHS
HOWARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDw ARD L. SHEA
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
}AMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
GEORGE A. SLOAN
ALFRED E. SMITH
LLOYD w. SMITH
JOSIAH E. SPURR
HAR.OLD STANLEY
ALBERT W. STAUB
,/
JOSEPH E. STERRETT
HENRY L. STIMSON
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE }SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
CHESTER 0. Sw AIN
GERARD SWOPE
HENRY w. TAFT
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
HARRY B. THAYER
]AMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WAR.DWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDEllBILT WEBB
}AMES G. WHITE
GEOllGE WHITNEY
AR.NOLD WHITllIDOE
GEO.R.OE W. WICKER.SHAM
Louis WILEY
LINSLY RuDD WILLIAMS
GAllllA.R.D B. WINSTON
HENRY RoGE.R.s W1NTHR.OP
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
CLAR.ENCE 1\1. \VooLLEY
BOYKIN c. \V.R.IGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
Non-Resident Jreembers
JoHN JAY ABBOTT
HENllY T. ALLEN
}AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKEll
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PER.llY BELMONT
GEOR.GE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBEllT WooDs BLISS
EDWIN 1\1. BoRcHAllD
ROLAND \V. BOYDEN
CHAR.LES H. Bil.ENT
RoBEllT S. BROOKINGS
PHILIP l\1AllSHALL BR.OWN
AR.THUil BULLARD
WILLIAM BuTTEllWOR.TH
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, J ll.
EMollY W. CuR.K
WILLIAM CLAR.K
WALTER. P. COOKE
RICHARD CRANE
HAllllY G. DALTON
l\1ALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TllUBEE DAVISON
CHAR.LES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER. DENNETT
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
FR.EDER.IC R. DoLBEA:a.E
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
MAX FARRAND
WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
Eow ARD A. FI LENE
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
s. PARKER GILBERT
HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EUGENE G. GRACE .
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH c. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
SAMUEL N. lliRPER
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
HOWARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD HOOKER
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
I
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH S.LATOURETTE
JOHN S. LA WREN CE
ALEXANDER LEGGE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
VVALTER VV. McLAREN
JOHN C. MERRIAM
EDWARD c. MOORE
ADELBERT MooT
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
VVILLIAM A. NEILS ON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
ROBERT E. OLDS
EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
VVALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
VVILLIAM B. POLAND
GUSTAVUS D. POPE
CHAR.LES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
JoaN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
WALLACE B. ROGERS
J ULIUs RosENW ALD
GEORGE RuBLEE
J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
]AMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
A. w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
WESTMORE WILLCOX, JR.
WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNG
BY-LAWS
I
City of New York.
members.
II
within fifty miles of New York shall pay $Io per annum. All dues
nation.
III
year.
IV
"'
"
Q,OUNCIL ON

BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS
January First, I9JO
45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
J\{_ew York
,,_.
/
i
I
\
' \
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
.Vice-President
JOHN W. DA VIS
President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary. and Treasurer
w ALTER H. MAL LOR y
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I930
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
FRANK L. PoLK
Retiring I9J I
ISAIAH BOWMAN
. PAUL D. CRAVATH
PAUL M. WARBURG
Retiring I932
JOHN w. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
OTTO H. KAHN
OWEN D. y OUNG
Honorary Members
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
ERNEST H. ABBOTT
JULIUS 0. ADLER
]oHN G. AGAR
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
}AMES S. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, ]R,
ERNEST ANGELL
]AMES w. ANGELL
HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG
GEORGE P. AuLD
JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
HENRY G. BARBEY
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
ROBERT I. BARR
:!
1'i
'
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
HENRY S. BowERS
lsAIAH BowMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
}AMES H. liRUCF.
RAYMOND LESLIE BuF.1.1.
CHESTER G. BURDEN
JAMES BYRNE
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
THOMASL.CHADBOURNE
II
I
L H. PAUL CHAPIN
CHRISTOPHER F. CooMBS
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
It FULTON CUTTING
JoHN W. DAv1s
NORMAN H. DAVIS
GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
HENRY w. DE FOREST
RoBERT W. DE FoREST
WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
I
CLARENCE DILLON
WALTER DOUGLAS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JOHN FosTER. DuLLES
ARTHUR DUNN
EDw ARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
PHANOR J. EDER
MARTIN.EGAN
..
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
]AMES A. FARRELL
HERBERT FEis
MARSHALL FIELD
RoBERT M. FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY FLETCHER
BERNARD FLEXNER
HoMER FoLKS
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL
RAYMOND B. FosDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEON FRASER
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FRoELICK
GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
JAMES W. GERARD
w ALTER s. GIFFORD
SAMUEL p. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
ALBERT E. GooDHART
F. ABBOTT GooDHUE
Ro BERT GRANT, JR.
EVARTS B. GREENE
JEROME D. GREENE
ALEXANDER GROSSET
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
SIDNEY L. GULICK
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
]AMES G. HARBORD
EDw ARD HARDING
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
SAMUEL HEILNER
EDWIN M. HERR
J F.ROMF. s. HESS
CHARI.Es n .. HrnKox
WALKER D. HlNES
HAROLD K. HOCHSCHILD
BRUCE C. HoPPER
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
HERBERT s. HOUSTON
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLES E. HUGHES
JOHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HUPPER
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
-----,
i
. I
HENRY R. IcKELHEIMER
WILL lRwIN
ELLERY s. JAMES
HENRY JAMES
PHILIP C. JESSUP
FRANK B. JEWETT
DouGLAS W. JOHNSON
OTTO H. KAHN
WALTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEi.
WILLIAM s. KIES
WILLARD v. KING
OSWALD w. KNAUTJI
THOMAS w. LAMONT
ARTHUR B. LEACH
HENR y GODDARD LEACH
lvY L. LEE
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH

Il

1
' l

I
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I
!
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD .
ROBERT A. LOVETT
CLARENCE H. MACKA y
V. EvERIT MACY
WALTER H. MALLORY
LOUIS c. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
. HERBERT L. MAY
CHARLES S. McCAIN
]AMES G. McDoNALD
]AMES H. McGRAW
WILLIAM L. McPHERSON
SAMUEL McRoBERTs
VAN S. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN L. MERRILL
HERMAN A. METZ .
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
WALTER MILLIS
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
-
~ _ . . - -
..
PARKER T. MooN
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES M. MucHNIC
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
PHILIP c. NASH
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
LOYALL A. OSBORNE
GEORGE B. PARKER
GE01"FREY PARSON s
GEORGE FosTER PEAllODY
]AMES H. 1'1--;RKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. POLK
]AMES H. PosT
WILSON M. POWELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
LANSING P. REED
,,
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GORDON s. RENTSCHLER
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMIL TON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
NICHOLAS RoosEVELT
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
ARTHUR SACHS
HOWARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, ]R.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
LOUIS H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDWARD L. SHEA
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
]AMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
'I
I
~ ~
GEORGE A. SLOAN
ALFRED E. SMITH
LLOYD w. SMITH
J. EDWARD SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
ALBERT w. STAUB
JosEPH E. STERRETT
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE !SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD Swopg
l.IERUER'I' BAYARD SwoPE
HENRY w. TAFT
. CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR

MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
HARR y B. THAYER
}AMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. ToRREY
WALTERS. TowER
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
'i\
I
J
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--
MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA WALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
A L L ~ N WARDWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
JAMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
Louis WILEY
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
RoGER H. WILLIAMS
GARRARD B. WINSTON
HENRY R.oOERS WINTHROP
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
~

Non-Resident Members
JoHN ]AY ABBOTT
HENRY T. ALLEN
]AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PERRY BELMONT
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ROLAND w. BOYDEN
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
]AMES H. CAUSEY
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR.
EMORY w. CLARK
'WILLIAM CLARK
CHARLES w. COLBY
WALTER P. COOKE
RICHARD CRANE
VICTOR M. CUTTER
HARRY G. DALTON
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
CHARLES G. DA WES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
1
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I
11..'
'
FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FA y
EDWARD A. FILENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
w. CAMERON FORBES
]AMES J. FoRsTALL
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HuGH GrnsoN
s. PARKER GILBERT
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EuoENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD HOOKER
...
~
ERNEST M. HOPKINS
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
JOHN S. LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
WALTER W. McLAREN
EUGENE MEYER
Eow ARD C. MdoRE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON:
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
RoBERT E. Ows
EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
J ~ I A H H. PENNIMAN
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
,. ,.
!J
;
WILLIAM B. POLAND
GusTAvus D. PoPE
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
JULIUS ROSENWALD
GEORGE RUBLEE
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
ARCH w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
WESTMORE WILLcox, JR.
HENRY M. WRISTON
, .....
..
----- ---- ------- ,.,. ____ _
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, lNc.
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS f.:i MEMBERS
'January First, I9JI
:JX!,w York
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
_Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
Treasurer
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I93 I
v' HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG JN ORMAN H. DAVIS
v'lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY ,H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CRAVATH ""'P*tn: M, WAILBllRG..
JoHN_ W. DAVIS
JSTEPHEN P. DUGGAN
Retiring I932
j OTTO H. KAHN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
.JGEORGE W. WICKERSHAM
J OWEN D. y OUNG
J ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY.
Retiring I933
JGEORGE 0. MAY
...;WESLEY c. MITCHELL
JRussELL C. LEFFINGWELL ..!FRANK L. PoLK

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Honorary lvfember
ELIHU RooT
Resident lvf embers
./ERNEST H. ABBOTT
Juuus 0. ADLER
- G. AGAR
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
,/ FREDERICK H. ALLEN
I<' FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, JR.
ERNEST ANGELL
JAMES w. ANGELL
GoRDON AucHINCLoss
GEORGE P. AuLD
" JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FOSTER BAIN
,/ GEORGE F. BAKER, JR
' ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
;,,HENRY G. BARBEY
;. ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
. CHARLES c. BAUER
<- GERALD F. BEAL
' AMOS L. BEATY

/
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f
. '
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
I JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
HENRY s. BOWERS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
' HENR y c. BRECK
' KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
' WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
' CHESTER G. BURDEN
. c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
'"JAMES BYRNE
ROBERT J. CALDWELL
B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
CANFIELD
. NEWCOMB CARLTON
. ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
Louis S. CATES
THOMASL.CHADBOURNE
' JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
I.
'\.
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
STUART M. CROCKER
E. CROWLEY
l F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
" FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
R. FULTON CUTTING
' WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
]oHN W. DAv1s
" NoRMAN H. DAVIS
\. GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
HENRY w. DE FOREST
ROBERT w. DE FOREST
... WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
.. CLARENCE DILLON
CLEVELAND E. DooGE
LA WREN CE DUGGAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JoHN FosTER DULLES
ARTHUR DUNN
EDWARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT

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.......
1... --
VpHANOR J. EDER
,. MARTIN EGAN
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
]AMES A. FARRELL
HERBERT FEIS
MARSHALL FIELD
ROBERT M. FIELD
JOHN H. FINLEY
HENRY FLETCHER
BERNARD FLEXNER
HOMER FOLKS
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL
RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKi.IN
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
1
Louis D. FRoELICK
LEWIS GANNETT
, GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTER s. GIFFORD
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
ALBERT E. GOODHART
F. ABBOTT GOODHUE
ROBERT GRANT, JR.
1
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Ev ARTS B. GREENE
i JEROME D. GREENE
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
' SIDNEY L. GULICK
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
JAMES G. HARBORD
EDw ARD HARDING
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CARLTON J. H. HA YES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
I SAMUEL HEILNER
EDWIN M. HERR
JEROME S. HESS
CHARLES R. HICKOX
WALKER D. HINES
HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
BRUCE c. HOPPER
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
.. HERBERT S. HOUSTON
CHARLES P. HowLAND
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLE;S E. HUGHES
JOHN.CHAMBERS HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
,/
/CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
rHENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
..-WILL IRWIN
.. ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
HENRY JAMES
PIERRE JAY
. PHILIP c. JESSUP
': FRANK B. JEWETT
DouGLAS W. JOHNSON
,. . OTTO H. KAHN
B. KAHN
l 'NICHOLAS KELLEY
\ FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
I WILLIAM s. KIES
' WILLARD v. KING
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
THOMAS s. LAMONT
THOMAS w. LAMONT
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
Jvy L. LEE
, .. RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
I SAM A. LEWISOHN
SAMUEL McCUNE LrnDsA Y
, WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
tARTHUR LIVINGSTON
---
.. 1;
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WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
- RoBERT A. LovETT
I CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
.. CLARENCE H. MACKA y
\ SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
" WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
"'" ; JULIAN S. MASON
l GEORGE 0. MAY
. HERBERT L. MAY
S. McCAIN
.. WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
\ JAMES G. McDONALD
JAMES H. McGRAW
' SAMUEL McRoBERTS
NELSON P. MEAD
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
; JOHN L. MERRILL
' HERMAN A. METZ
CHARLES F. MEYER
;/'ALBERT G. MILBANK
,, DAVID HUNTER MILLER
I WALTER MILLIS
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
CLARK H. MINOR
\ . CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
~
~
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
., PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MooNEY
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
"' ., Dw1GHT W. MoRROW
. VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
PHILIP c. NASH
\HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
MoRGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
' LOYALL A. OSBORNE
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
RICHARD c. PATTERSON
GEORGE FosTER PEABODY
JAMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. PoLK
]AMES H. PosT
WILSON M. PowELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
' HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
M1cHAEL I. PuPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
f ~
' 1
THOMAS THORNTON READ
I ROLAND L. REDMOND
' LANSING P. REED
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMILTON RICE
. F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
J O,HN D. ROCKEFELLER, JRD
LINDSAY ROGERS
N1cHOLAS RoosEVELT
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RuML
ARTHUR SACHS
1 How ARD J. SAcHs
MELVIN E. SAWIN
J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO
'. MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
t FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
1
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
I E. R. A . SELIGMAN
EusTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
> ALBERT SHIELS
: WILLIAM H. SHORT
,'
v }AMES T. SHOTWELL
t- JOHN L. SIMPSON
I- FRANCIS H. SISSON
l- GEORGE A. SLOAN
\I LLOYD w. SMITH
J. EDWARD SPURR
\. HAROLD STANLEY
l ALBERT w. STAUB
JOSEPH E.STERRETT
; HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
> JESSE ISIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
' ' FREDERICK STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
' ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD SWOPE
HENRY w. TAFT
CARL TAYLOR
' GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. ToRREY
WALTER S. TowER
'
'
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OswALD GARRISON VILLARD
MARTIN VoGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
'HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
' VANDERBILT WEBB
, .. ' }AMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
Louis WILEY
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
ROGER H. WILLIAMS
> GARRARD B. WINSTON
\ HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
OwEN D. YouNG
__........--
__......-:

________ _
WILLIS J. ABBOT
JoHN JAY ABBOTT
JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL
'NEWTON D. BAKER
; RAY STANNARD BAKER
I GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
'ROLAND w. BOYDEN
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
PIHLIP MARSHALL BROWN
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
ARTHUR CAPPER
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
JAMES H. CAUSEY
EMORY w. CLARK
WILLIAM CLARK
CHARLES w. COLBY
WALTER P. CooKE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
... VICTOR M. CUTTER
HARRY G. DALTON
,MALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
,.,
;_o

l HENRY s. DENNISON
v'' FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE
CYRUS s. EATON
\...-"CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
- MAX FARRAND
. SIDNEY B. FAY
EDWARD A. FILENE
! HENRY P. FLETCHER
l MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
I w. CAMERON FORBES
}AMES J. FoRSTALL
0
<' LEON FRASER
t,/ HoMER GAGE
i HARRY A. GARFIELD
\. JOHN w. GARRETT
1
- EowIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
. s. PARKER GILBERT
\ HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
i FRANK J. GOODNOW
EUGENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
c ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
... SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
\ CHARLES H. HASKINS
. How ARD HEINZ
)I
..
---- ....... ,..._____________________________________ _
' RAPHAEL HERMAN
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
HAMILTON HOLT
, ERNEST M. HoPKINS
MANLEY O. HuDSON
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
I WILLIAM L. LANGER
' KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
DAVID LAWRENCE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
. A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
- .
J. V. A. MAcMuRRAY
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
CoNsTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
EuGENE MEYER
A. c. MILLSPAUGH
EDWARD C. MooRE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS p. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
RoBERT E. OLDS
'tr
.. ,
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FREDERICK H. p A YNE
-'. WALTER s. PENFIELD
, JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
' THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
JoHN PERRIN
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
I HARLAN T. PIERPONT
... WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE W1TT C. PooLE
,, GusTAvus D. PoPE
JESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
' WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
RAYMOND T. RICH
\,JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
: JuL1us RosENWALD
v GEORGE RUBLEE
-BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
']AMES BROWN ScoTT
1
"' CHARLES SEYMOUR
i 'HENRY D. SHARPE
,.ARCH w. SHAW
WILLIAM s. SIMS
tJ EREMIAH SMITH, JR.
' F;REDERICO STALLFORTH
JOHN F. STEVENS
" SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
I FRANK w. TAUSSIG _.,....-_ -
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
MATTHEW WoLL
HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
City of New York.
members.
II
nation.
Ill
year.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of
Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general
m
Board of Directors.
tion.
v
VI
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be
proved by the Treasurer and either the Executive Director or
the Editor of FoREION AFFAIRS, or in the case of the funds of
FoREION AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Editor of FoREION
AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the Executive Director
or the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer
the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-
President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors
as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases
in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
VII
The annual meeting shall be held after the completion of the
fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth.
VIII
These By-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board

t
+
l
Publications of the
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, INC.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
AN AMERICAN QUARTERLY REVIEW
Edited by HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
$5 a year
ANNUAL SURVEY OF
AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS
Prepared under IM direction of
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
Volume for r928. $5.00
THE RECOVERY OF GERMANY
By JAMES w. ANGELL
$4.00
POLITICAL HANDBOOK
OF THE WORLD, 1931
Parliaments, Parties and Press
Edited by WALTER H. MALLORY
$2.JO
ORES AND INDUSTRY
IN THE FAR EAST
By H. FosTER BAIN
$3.jO
EUROPE: THE WORLD'S BANKER
1870-1914
By HERBERT FEIS
$5.00
,
11
11
I
1932
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I932
JoHN W. DAv1s OTTo H. KAHN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
ALLEN W. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I933
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY C. MITCHELL
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL FRANK L. POLK
Retiring I934
lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CRAVATH PAUL M. WARBURG

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Honorary Member
ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
JULIUS 0, ADLER
WINTHROP W. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, JR.
JAMES W. ANGELL
GoRDON AucHINcLoss
JULES S, BACHi
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY G. BARBEY
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL .
CHARLES R. CRANE
HENRY s. BOWERS
PAUL D. CRAVATH
lsAIAH BOWMAN
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
HENRY c. BRECK
STUART M. CROCKER
KENT BROMLEY
'
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
I
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
'
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
FRANKLIN W. M. CuTcHEON
JAMES BROWN
?
R. FULTON CUTTING
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN

JoHN W. DAvis
CHESTER G. BURDEN
NORMAN H. DAVIS
NORMAN p. DAVIS
I
GEORGE w. DAVISON
JAMES BYRNE
i
HENRY P. DAVISON
Ro BERT J. CALDWELL
EDMUND E. DAY
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
HENRY W. DE FOREST
CASS CANFIELD
WILLIAM ADAM,S DELANO
NEWCOMB CARLTON
RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
ALEXIS A. CARREL
CLEVELAND E. DoDGE
EDw ARD C. CARTER
WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
Louis S. CATES
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES

JoHN FosTER DuLLES
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
ARTHUR DUNN
EVANS CLARK
l
EDWARD M. EARLE
STEPHEN c. CLARK
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
PHANOR J. EDER
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
MARTIN EGAN
ABRAM I. ELKUS
}AMES A. FARRELL
JEROME D. GREENE
JoHN FENNELLY
S. R. GuooENHEIM
MARSHALL FIELD
SIDNEY L. GULICK
ROBERT M. FIELD
joHN HAYS HAMMOND
JOHN H. FINLEY

JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
HARRY HARKNESS FLAOLEI\
LEARNED HAND
HENRY FLETCHER

}AMES G. HARBORD
BERNARD FLEXNER
EDWARD HARDING
HoMER FoLK.I
HEBER R. HARPER
RAYMOND 8. FosDICK '!'
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE L. HARRISON
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
P.A. s. FRANKLIN
CHARLES D. HAZEN
LEOPOLD FaEDIUCK
I
SAMUEL HEILNER
WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FaoELICK
EDWIN M. HERR
CARLTON P. FULLER
JEROME S. HESS
LEWIS GANNETT
CHARLES R. HICKOX
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
WALKER D. HINES
PAUL w. GARRETT
HAROLD K. HocHscHILD
GEORGE A. GASTON
ALANSON B. HouGHTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
EDWARD M. HousE
EDWARD R. GAY
HERBERT s. HOUSTON
}AMES w. GERARD
l
DAVIDE. HUDSON
WALTER s. GIFFORD
CHARLES E. HUGHES
s. PARKER GILBERT
\
]oHN CHAMBERS HuGHEs
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
EDWARD H. HUME
E. STANLEY GLINES
+
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
ALBERT E. GOODHART
RoscoE H. HUPPER
F. ABBOTT GooDHUE
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
EVARTS B. GREENE
WILL IRWIN
J. c. LUITWEILER
ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
HENRY }AMES
CLARENCE H. MACKA y
PIERRE JAY
JULIAN W. MACK
PHILIP C. JESSUP

FRANK B. JEWETT
I
WALTER H. MALLORY
OTTO H. KAHN
'
LOUIS c. MARBURG
WALTER B. KAHN
ALFRED E. MARLING
NICHOLAS KELLEY
GEORGE 0. MA y
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
;
HERBERT L. MA y
FRED I. KENT
CHARLES S. McCAIN
FREDERICK. P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM s. KIES
VANCE C. McCORMICK ,.,.
WILLARD v. KINO I
}A.MES G. McDONALD
OSWALD w. KNA.UTH
}A.MESH. McGuw
THOMAS s. LAMONT
..
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
THOMAS W. LAMONT
NELSON P. MEAD
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
lvY L. LEE
JOHN L. MERRILL
HERMAN A. METZ
ARTHUR LEHMAN
CHARLES F. MEYER
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
ALBERT G. MILBANK
FRANK LEWISOHN
WALTER MILLIS
SAM A. LEWISOHN
HENRY E. MILLS
t OGDEN L. MILLS
WALTER LIPPMANN
CLARK H. MINOR
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
GEORGE K. LIVERMORE
'
WES LEY C. MITCHELL
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
PAUL MONROE
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
EDWARD E. LOOMIS
PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MOONEY
ROLAND L. REDMOND
HENRY s. MORGAN
LANSING P. REED
SHEPARD MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
VERNON MUNROE
:;,
A. HAMILTON RrcE
GEORGE MURNANE
f, F. BAYARD RrvEs
PHILIP c. NASH
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
~
GEO:R.GE ROBERTS
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
l
OWEN F. ROBERTS
FREDERICK OSBORN

LELAND REX ROBINSON
JoHN D. RocJC.El'ELLER, JllD
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
LINDSAY RoGE:a.s
LoYALL A. OsBO:R.NE
GEO:R.GE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
~
Alt.THUR w. PAGE
I NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
GEORGE B. PARK.Ell
J
RALPH s. ROUNDS
GEOl'FREY PARSONS
P.A. ROWLEY
RICHARD C. PATTERSON
BEARDSLEY RuML
ARTHUR SACHS
}AMES H. PERKINS
How ARD J. SACHS
LESTER W. PERRIN
WALTER E. SACHS
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
MELVIN E. SAWIN
FRANK L. POLK
J. SAL WYN SCHAPIRO
JAMES H. PosT
WILSON M. POWELL
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
JOHN A. POYNTON
\
WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
HAROLD I. PRATT
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
;
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
MICHAEL I. PuPIN
'.I
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT SHAW
ALBERT RATHBONE
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
JAMES A. THOMAS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
RoY E. ToMLINSON
JAMES T. SHOTWELL
CLARE M. TORREY
JOHN L. SIMPSON
WALTER s. TOWER
FRANCIS H. SISSON
~
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
GEORGE A. SLOAN
LLOYD W. SMITH
'\
MARTIN VoGEL
J. EDWARD SPURR
ELISHA WALKER
HAROLD STANLEY
l
FELIX M. w ARBURG
ALBERT W. STAUB
k
]AMES P. WARBURG
}OSEPHE. STERRETT
PAUL M. WARBURG
WALTER W. Sn:wART
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
CHARLES A. STONE
~
EDWARD P. WARNER
JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
THOMAS J. WATSON
PERCY s. STRAUS
'
VANDERBILT WEBB
FREDERICK STRAUSS
GEORGE WHITNEY
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
SIMEON STRUNSKY
Louis WILEY
JOSEPH R. SWAN
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
ROGER H. WILLIAMS
GERARD SWOPE
GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP

HENRY W. TAFT
~ HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
~ CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
CARL TAYLOR !;
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
~
OWEN D. y OUNG
MYRON c. TAYLOR
BENJAMIN B. THAYER
HARRY B. THAYER
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNE'IT
WILLIS J. ABBOT
HENRY s. DENNISON
JOHN JAY ABBO'IT
FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE

CYRUS s. EATON
GEORGE P. AULD i
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
NEWTON D. BAKER
,,
MAX FARRAND
RAY STANNARD BAKER
SIDNEY B. FAY
HERBERT FEIS
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
I
EDw ARD A. FILENE '
RoBERT WooDs BLiss
HENRY P. FLETCHER
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
I
MARK L. BRISTOL
W. CAMERON FORBES
JAMES J. FoRSTALL
JAMES B. BRUCE
FELIX FRANKFURTER
WILLIAM BU'ITERWORTH
.
LEON FRASER
ARTHUR CAPPER
HOMER GAGE
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JAMES H. CAUSEY
JoHN W. GAR.REIT
EDWIN F. GAY
EMORY w. CLARK
HUGH GIBSON
WILLIAM CLARK
CHARLES w. COLBY
FRANK J. GOODNOW
HAROLD JEFFERSON Coo LIDGE
'
EUGENE G. GRACE
RICHARD CRANE

WILLIAM GREEN
WILLIAM CROZIER

ROGER s. GREENE
VICTOR M. CU'ITER
.!
JOSEPH C. GREW

HENRY G. DALTON
ERNEST GRUENING
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
c. H. HARING
CHARLES G. DAWES
SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
DANA G. MUNRO
HowARD HEINZ
DENYS P. MYERS
RAPHAEL HERMAN
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
E.G. NOURSE
HAMILTON HOLT
t
FREDERIC A. OGG
RICHARD M. HOOKER
'
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRUCE c. HOPPER
14
ROBERT E. OLDS
ERNEST M. HOPKINS
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
STANLEY K. HORNBECK
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
.
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
HOWARD HUSTON
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
WILLIAM B. POLAND
FRANK B. KELLOGG
DE WITT C. PooLE
CARL KELSEY
GUSTAVUS D. POPE
EDWIN W. KEMMERER
WILLIAM COOPER PROCTER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
JESSE S. REEVES
KENNETH S. LATOURETTE
CHARLES J. RHOADS
DAVID LAWRENCE
WILLIAM GoRHAM RICE
CHARLES K. LEITH
RAYMOND T. RICH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
Juuus RosENWALD
CONSTANTINE E. McGuIRE
GEORGE RUBLEE
WALTER W. McLAREN

EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
l
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
A. c. MILLSPAUGH
CHARLES SEYMOUR
EDWARD C. MooRE
HENRY D. SHARPE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
ARCH W. SHAW
ROLAND s. MORRIS
WILLIAM s. SIMS
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
JOHN F. STEVENS
w. B. STOREY
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. TOBIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
RUSSELL WILSON
MATI'HEW WOLL
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
l

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BY-LAWS
I
and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of
Directors.
Resident members shall be limited to four hundred in number,
who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty
miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New
York, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be
citizens of the U. S. A.
members.
II
$100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five
yeara of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those
members who are regular members of tht faculty of any univer-
sity or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay
$15 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum,
except that those members who are regular members of the
faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or
newspaper men shall pay f,10 per annum. All dues shall be paid
annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option
of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any
dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
Ill
serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected.
At each annual meeting of the Council there shall be elected six
Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have
power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur
in its own body.
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in
New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this
meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the
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7
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COUNCIL ON

BY-LAWS
WITH A
January First, I933
York
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1
et *
PURPOSE
T
of America's political, economic, and financial prob-
lems. Its membership, limited in number, is made up
of men of many professions.
The Council's round-table meetings and dinners
for distinguished American and foreign guests afford
an opportunity for discussion of the American atti-
tude toward current international problems.
The Council is not a trade organization and has no
connection with any political party.
The Council publishes the quarterly review,
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Hamilton
Fish Armstrong. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established
itself as the most authoritative review dealing with
international relations.
The Council also carries on a program of research.
The research staff prepares an annual survey of the
foreign relations of the United States under the
editorship of Walter Lippmann, an annual political
handbook of the world edited by Walter H. Mallory,
and individual volumes on special international
questions.
At a meeting of societies engaged in the scientific
study of international relations, held in London in
I929, the Council was designated as the "national
center" for such organizations in the United States.
The Council maintains its own quarters at 45 East
65th Street, New York, where all its activities are
centered and where its reference library is housed .
'
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
llonorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH ALLEN w. DULLES
Vice-President Secretary
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON WALTER H. MALLORY
Treasurer Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I9J3
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
FRANK L. POLK
Retiring I9J4
ISAIAH BOWMAN WALTER LIPPMANN
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Retiring I9J5
JoHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
OTTO H. KAHN
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
OWEN D. y OUNG
51 i:l'ili:'f'iilli11i>Ofii5Jii""iilillililiii?iil'liiiilliil--lll!ll"'!!llllil!lllll--
'!
l/onorary l'vfernber
ELIHU RooT
Ruidmt l'vf ernbers
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
/WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
.,,,/FREDERICK H. ALLEN
\/ fRANK ALTSCHUL
/JAMES W. ANGELL
'-"HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
v GoRDON AucHINCLoss
VGEORGE P. AULD
\ EARLE BAILIE
"'H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
\, CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
' GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
\_, FLOYD G. BLAIR
' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
v ISAIAH BOWMAN
\'' HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
DONALDSON BROWN

,,/ELMER E. BROWN
Q. BROWN
vJ AMES BROWN
[,,.WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
.. RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
,. CHESTER G. BURDEN
,GEORGE W. BURLEIGH
J c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
"' CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
JAMES BYRNE
' ROBERT J. CALDWELL
\ WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
' CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
Louis S. CATES
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
!i'REDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
,/'CHARLES R. CRANE
t PAUL D. CRAVATH
ROBERT CRESSWELL
-- .,., R. BERNARD CRISPELL
STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
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/F: KINGSBURY CURTIS
vFRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
"'R. FULTON CUTTING
,,- v WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
vJoHN W. DAVIS
\<'' NORMAN H. DAVIS
NORMAN P. DAVIS
w. DAVISON
I> HENRY P. DAVISON
. EDMUND E. DAY
" THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY w. DE FOREST
RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
c CLEVELAND E. DODGE
' WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
' ALLEN w. DULLES
I JOHN FOSTER DULLES
' ARTHUR DUNN
EDw ARD M. EARLE
LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
PHANOR J. EDER
' ABRAM I. ELKUS
./JOHN FENNELLY
FREDERICK v. FIELD
.. MARSHALL FIELD
L ROBERT M. FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
' HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
' HENRY FLETCHER
_/"/
1
I
, BERNARD FLEXNER
E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
"'1loMER FoLKS
;/WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
1
RAYMOND B. FOSDICK l
GEORGE L. HARRISON
AusTEN G. Fox
CHARLES HAYDEN
' GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
I.
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
\, CHARLES D. HAZEN
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
\
SAMUEL HEILNER
I WALTER E. FREW
1 Louis D. FROELICK
JEROME S. HESS
)<'CARLTON P. FULLER

.WALKER D. HINES
,. LEWIS GANNETT I
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
. ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
PAUL w. GARRETT
J.
'
EDWARD M. HousE
I
GEORGE A. GASTON
/HERBERT S. HousToN
' ARTEMUS L. GATES
MuNRO G. HUBBARD
\ Eow ARD R. GA v
'"DAVIDE. HUDSON
'
}AMES w. GERARD I
CHARLES E. HUGHES
WALTERS. GIFFORD
I
... EDWARD H. HUME
'
r
s. PARKER GILBERT
,_ CLARENCE E. HUNTER
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GERARD SwoPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
" HENRY w. TAFT
~ A . WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
' GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
l, HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
'-' RoY E. ToMLINSON
I. CLARE M. TORREY
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JUAN T. TRIPPE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
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FELIX M. WARBURG
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THOMAS J. WATSON
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MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
~ GEORGE WHITNEY
,, , ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
'" GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
..,- ;.,' LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
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' GARRARD B. WINSTON
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CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
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VNEWTON D. BAKER
c RAY STANNARD BAKER
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RoBERT WooDs BLISS
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
MARK L. BRISTOL
I PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
}AMES B. BRUCE
JoHN STEWART BR.YAN
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ZECHARIAH.CHAFEE, JR.
I EMORY w. CLARK
' WILLIAM CLARK
I CHARLES w. COLBY
I. HAROLD JEFFERSON Coo LIDGE
JOHN GARDNER Coo LIDGE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
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DWIGHT F. DAVIS
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WALTER W. McLAREN
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EDWARD C. MooRE
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JOHN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
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CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
ARCH w. SHAW
WILLIAM s. SIMS
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HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
Directors.
members.
II
years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those
members who are regular members of the faculty of any univer-
newspaper men shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid
III
in its own body.
IV
activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be
elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council
in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such
other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by
or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall
have been stated in the notice convening the meeting.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be repre-
sented by proxy.
v
The Board may constitute such committees of the Council as
may from time to time be required, including an Executive Com-
mittee, a Finance and Budget Committee, a Membership Com-
mittee, and a e s e a ~ h committee.
The Finance and Budget Committee shall be composed of five
members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting
of the Board. It shall have general supervision of the investment
of the funds of the Council and of its financial affairs, and shall
present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In con-
nection with the preparation of the budget, it shall be the duty
of this Committee to allocate charges to the various departments
and activities of the Council.
The Membership Committee shall be composed of five mem-
bers of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of
the Board. It shall report at each regular meeting of the Board
on all nominations for membership. The Membership Com-
mittee shall also act as a nominating committee to present names
for officers and committee members at the annual meeting of the
Board of Directors.
The Research Committee shall be composed of five members of
the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the
Board. The Committee shall have power to co-opt two additional
members, who need not necessarily be members of the Board of
Directors. All suggestions relating to matters of research shall be
referred to it, and it shall be responsible for the initiation of
research projects. The Research Committee shall submit a
report of its activities in writing at the annual meeting of the
Board.
VI
The officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, who shall be
I
I
Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the cor-
poration, and shall keep its records.
vu
VUI
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall
be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the
Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the
Board of Directors, or shall be invested by the Finance and
Budget Committee. Disbursements shall be made only upon
checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and either the
Executive Director or the Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the
case of funds of FoREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the
Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the
Executive Director or the Acting Managing Editor). In the
absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the
President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint
one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign
checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
IX
The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held
after the annual meeting of the Council and not later than
November 15th. A majority of the Directors shall constitute
a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular or special
meeting of the Board of Directors.
x
These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
have been given at a previous meeting or circulated in writing
to the members of the Board not less than five days in advance.
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
President
NORMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring 1934
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON
JoHN W. DAv1s
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
OTTo H. KAHN
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
Retiring 1935
GEORGEW. WICKERSHAM
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
OWEN D. YoUNG
Retiring 1936
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY C. MITCHELL
FRANK L. PoLK
"
Honorary Member
ELIHU RooT
Resident '!vlembers
HARRY M. AoDINSELL
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JAMES w. ANGELL
GoRDON AucHINCLoss
GEORGE P. AuLD
JULES s. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FOSTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JoHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
IsAIAH BowMAN
CARTER M. BRAXTON
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
DONALDSON BROWN
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
}AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
CHESTER G. BURDEN
GEORGE w. BURLEIGH
}AMES BYRNE
ROBERT J. CALDWELL
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
WALTER s. CASE
}AMES H. CAUSEY
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
MARTIN CONBOY
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
.;
CHAR.LES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
ROBERT CRESSWELL
STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
R. FULTON CUTTING
JoHN W. DAv1s
NORMAN H. DAVIS
NORMAN P. DAVIS
GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
EDMUND E. DAY
THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY w. DE FOREST
RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
CLEVELAND E. DODGE
WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JOHN FOSTER DULLES
EDWARD M. EARLE
LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
PHANOR J. EDER
ABRAM I. ELKUS
JOHN FENNELLY
FREDERICK v. FIELD
MARSHALL FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
HENRY FLETCHER
HOMER FOLKS
RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
P.A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FROELICK
CARLTON P. FULLER
LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. G.UDINKM.
PAUL w. GAR.RKTT
GEORGE A. GAsroN
ARTEMUS L. GATES
EDWARD R. GAY
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTER s. GIFFORD
S. PARKER GILBERT
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
F. ABBOTT GOODHUE
PRENTiss N. GRAY
WILLIAM s. GRAY, JR.
EVARTS B. GREENE
PETER GRIMM
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
HEBER R. HARPER
E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
<f>,
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CHARLES HAYDEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
SAMUEL HEILNER
JEROME S. HESS
WALKER D. HINES
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
Ht:Ru:RT S. HousTON
DAVIDE. HtJDSON
CHARJ.1-:s E. HuoHF.S
EDWARD H. ]foME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
PIERRE JAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
ROBERT WooD JoHNSON
Orro H. KAHN
WALTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM S. Krns
WILLARD v. KING
ALLEN T. KLOTS
OswALD W. KNAUTH
VANCE C. McCORMICK
VICTOR w. KNAUTH
}AMES G. McDONALD
RoGERS S. LAMONT
Ross A. McFARLAND
THOMAS s. LAMONT
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
THOMAS w. LAMONT
NELSON P. MEAD
FRED LAVIS
\
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JoHN G. LAYLIN
.
JOHN L. MERRILL
Ivy L. LEE
HERMAN A. METZ
CHARLES F. MEYER
ARTHUR LEHMAN
ALBERT G. MILBANK
-
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
WALTER MILLIS
FRANK LEWISOHN
HEN.RY E. MILLS
SAM A. LEWISOHN
OGDEN L. MILLS
c. BAI LIHME
CLARK H. MINOR
WESLEY c. MITCl-JELL
WALTER LIPPMANN
WILLIAM D. MrrcHEl.L
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
PA\JL MoNa.ot-:
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
GILBERT H. MoN'l'A<lUE
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
PARKER T. MooN
EDw ARD E. LooMIS
J. D. MooNEY
ROBERT F. LOREE
V1cTOR MoRAWETZ
HENRY R. LucE
HENRY s. MORGAN
J. C. LUITWEILER
SHEPARD MORGAN
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND "'J
STOKELY w. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
WALTER H. MALLORY
GEORGE MURNANE
'
Louis C. MARBURG
'
EDWARD R. MURROW
ALFRED E. MARLING
ALLAN NEVINS
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
I
MoRGAN J. O'BRIEN
HERBERT L. MAY
JOHN E. ORCHARD
CHARLES S. McCAIN
FREDERICK OSBORN
LELAND REX ROBINSON
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
JoHN D. RocKEFELLER, JRD
LOYALL A. OSBORNE
LINDSAY ROGERS
ARTHUR. w. PAGE
HAROLD J. RoIG
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEORGE EMLEN RoosEVELT
GEOFFREY PARSONS
I
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
RICHARD C. PATTERSON, JR.
RALPH M. ROOSEVELT
CHARLES s. PAYSON .
JAMES N. ROSENBERG
NATHANIEL PEFFER
f
RALPH S. Rou NDS
JAMES H. PERKINS
BEARDSLEY RuML
LESTER w. PERRIN
MELVIN E. SAWIN
PALMER E. PIERCE
J. SAL WYN SCHAPIRO
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
FRANK L. POLK
I
ROBERT P. SCRIPPS
ALLAN M. POPE
WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
JAMES H. PosT
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
WILSON M. POWELL
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
JoHN A. PoYNTON
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
HAROLD I. PRATT
ALBERT SHAW
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
HAROLD F. SHEETS
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT RATHBONE
ALBERT SHIELS
THOMAS THORNTON READ '.! WILLIAM H. SHORT
ROLAND L. REDMOND
,t
JAMES T. SHOTWEI.L
LANSING P. REED
}
JOHN L. SIMPSON
GORDON S. RENTSCHLER ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR.
A. HAMILTON RICE GEORGE A. SLOAN
F. BAYARD RIVES JAMES R. SLOANE
HOWARD c. ROBBINS H. ALEXANDER SMITH
GEORGE ROBERTS
KENNETH M. SPENCE
OWEN F. ROBERTS JAMES SPEYER
HAROLD STANLEY
ALBERT w. STAUB
SIEGFRIED STERN
JOSEPH E. STERRETT
WALTER w. STEWART
HENRY L. STIMSON
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE lsmoR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
RALPH I. STRAUS
ROBERT K. STRAUS
FREDERICK. STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSK.Y
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGEll
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD SWOPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
HENRYW. TAFT
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. TORREY
WALTERS. TowER
J. C. TRAPHAGEN
Jt'AN T. TRIPPE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
PHILIP D. WAGONER
ELISHA WALKER
RICHARD J. WALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
FREDERICK M. WARBURG
JAMES P. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
EDWARD P. WARNER
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
Louis WILEY
JOHN H. WILLIAMS
LUCIUS WILMERDING
LUCIUS WILMERDING, JR.
HERBERT E. WINLOCK
GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP
LEO WOLMAN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
C. WILLARD YOUNG, JR.
OwEN D. YouNG
WILLIS J. ABBOT
WALLACE M. ALEXANDER
EARLE B. BABCOCK
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAK.ER
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT Wooos BLISS
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
MARK I .. BRISTOL
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
WILLIAM CLARK.
CHARLES w. COLBY
}AMES B. CONANT
HAROLD J Coo LIDGE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
HAROLD "vV. DoDDS
w. B. DONHAM
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
ARTHUR DUNN
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FAY
HERBERT FEIS
EDw ARD A. FI LENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
w. CAMERON FORBES
AUSTEN G. Fox
FELIX FRANK.:lo'URTER
LEON FRASER
J. WILSON FURNESS
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
J. STEELE Gow
EUGENE G. GRACE
u. GRANT-SMITH
WILLIAM GREEN
JEROME D. GREENE
ROGER s. G.a.EENE
JOSEPH c. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
WILLIAM B. HALE
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
FRANCIS s. HARMON
SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
How ARD HEINZ
ARTHUR J. HEPBURN
HAMILTON HoLT
BRUCE c. HOPPER
ERNEST M. HoPKINS
STANLEY K. HORNBECK
MANLEY 0. HuDsoN
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
'FRANK. B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN W. KEMMERER
STAN LEY KING
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH S. LATOURETTE
DAVID LAWRENCE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
WILLIAM E. LINGELBACH
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
CoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
ELIOT G. MEARS
ANDREW w. MELLON
EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
PETER MOLYNEAUX
EDWARD c. MOORE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
DAVE HENNEN MORRIS
DANA G. MUNRO
DENYS P. MYERS
PHILIP c. NASH
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
DENNIS E. NOLAN
E.G. NOURSE
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRADLEY w. PALMER
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE WITT c. POOLE
WILLIAM v. PRATT
WILLIAM CooPER PROCTER
} ESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
RAYMOND T. RICH
JoHN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
ARTHUR SACHS
FREDERIC M. SACKETT
}AMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
GEORGE s. SIMONDS
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
R1cHARD M. ToBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT WADSWORTH
EDMUND A. WALSH
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALI.EN WHITt:
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
Directors.
York, and who shall be citizens of the U.S. A.
members.
II
$I5 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum,
III
in its own body.
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BY-LAWS
WITH A
january First, I9J5
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PURPOSE
THE Council on Foreign Relations is a non-par-
tisan and non-commercial organization studying
the international aspects of America's political, eco-
nomic, and financial problems. It is not a trade
organization and has no connection with any political
party. Its membership is composed of men of many
professions, with a variety of interests and views.
The Council holds meetings and conferences. It
also carries on a program of research and publication.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, which has established itself as the
most authoritative journal dealing with international
relations.
The research staff of the Council prepares an
annual survey of the foreign relations of the United
States, an annual political handbook of the world,
questions.
The Council maintains a reference library in charge
of a competent staff.
study of international relations held in London in
1929, the Council was designated as the "National
Center" for the United States.
The Council House is at 45 East 65th Street, New
York, where all the organization's activities are
centered.
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OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
President
NoRMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JOHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
DIRECTORS
Retiring 19J5
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
OwEN D. YouNo
Retiring 1936
GEORGE 0. MA y
FRANK L. POLK
Retiring 1937
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NoRMAN H. DAVIS
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON
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ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
/WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
..,,. FRANK ALTSCHUL
CHARLES B. AMES
" ]AMES w. ANGELL
;.. HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GEORGE P. AULD
v-J ULES S. BACHE
v' EARLE BAILIE
'' H. FOSTER BAIN
;. GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FoREST BALDWIN
JOSEPH BARNES
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
]AMES G. BLAINE
vFLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
; ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
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CARTER M. BRAXTON ' ROBERT CRESSWELL l l
HENRY c. BRECK STUART M. CROCKER '
GEORGE P. BRETT, JR. ' PATRICK E. CROWLEY
DONALDSON BROWN F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
1 FRANKLIN Q. BROWN JOHN W. DAVIS
}AMES BROWN NORMAN H. DAVIS
' REV. WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN NORMAN P. DAVIS
P. F. BRUNDAGE 'GEORGE w. DAVISON
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL I HENRY P. DAVISON
. CHESTER G. BURDEN EDMUND E. DAY
GEORGE w. BURLEIGH ELI WHITNEY DEBEVOISE
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME . THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM 'HENRY W. DE FOREST
}AMES BYRNE WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
ROBERT J. CALDWELL ' RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY CLEVELAND E. DoDGE
CASS CANFIELD WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
ALEXIS A. CARREL LEWIS w. DOUGLAS
ARTHUR H. CARTER
EDWARD c. CARTER
WALTER s. CASE
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
MARTIN CONBOY
FREQERIC R. CouDERT
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.STEPHEN P. DuGGAN
' ALLEN w. DULLES
, JoHN FosTER DuLLES
'-'EDWARD M. EARLE
'-LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
c FERDINAND EBERSTADT
l PHANOR J. EDER
I ABRAM I. ELKUS
>FREDERICK v. FIELD
MARSHALL FIELD
ROBERT M. FIELD
THOMAS K. FINLETTER
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WALDO FRANK
vP, A. S. FRANKLIN
c LEOPOLD FREDRICK
'.WALTER E. FREW
'.CARLTON P. FULLER
' LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
'PAUL W. GARRETT
I GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTERS. G1rroRD
s. PARKER GILBERT
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PRENTISS N. GRA y
ALAN GREGG
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HARRY F. GUGGENHEIM
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,, GEORGE L. HARRISON
CHARLES HAYDEN
> CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
JEROME S. HESS
NORMAN HICKMAN
' HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
v ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
' HERBERT S. HousTON
HERBERT P. HOWELL
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLES E. HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
! CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
>RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
!,. ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
\ PIERRE JAY
l PHILIP C. JESSUP
RoBERT WooD JoHNSON
WALTER B. KAHN
. NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM S. Krns
WILLARD v. KING
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THOMAS W. LAMONT
FRED LAVIS
JoHN G. LAYLIN
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
c. BAI LIHME
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
EDw ARD E. LooMIS
ROBERT F. LOREE
HENRY R. LucE
J.C. LUITWEILER
REV. CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
]AMES G. McDONALD
Ross A. McFARLAND
NELSON P. MEAD
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' CHARLES F. MEYER
ALBERT G. MILBANK
WALTER MILLIS
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' WESLEY c. MITCHELL
WILLIAM D. MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MooNEY
V1cToR MoRA WETZ
HENRY s. MORGAN
SHEPARD MORGAN
STOKELY w. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
GEORGE MURNANE
EDWARD R. MURROW
GEORGE N EBOLSINE
ALLAN NEVINS
HENRY KITTREDGE NoRTON
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
IRVING S. Ows
JOHN E. ORCHARD
FREDERICK OSBORN
\ WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
LOYALL A. OSBORNE
ARTHUR w. PAGE
! GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
RICHARD C. p ATTERSON, JR,
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RALPH I. STRAUS / HARRY E. WARD
ROBERT K. STRAUS ,,_ALLEN WARDWELL
FREDERICK STRAUSS . EDWARD P. WARNER
LEWIS L. STRAUSS t THOMAS J. WATSON
SIMEON STRUNSKY ! VANDERBILT WEBB
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER >MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
JOSEPH R. Sw AN FRANCIS WHITE .
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HENRY w. TAFT
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A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR . JOHN H. WILLIAMS
CARL TAYLOR I LUCIUS WILMERDING
GRAHAM R. TAYl.OR
Lucius WILMERDING, JR.
MYRON c. TAYLOR
\ HERBERT E. WINLOCK
THOMAS D. THACHER
GARRARD B. WINSTON
HARRY ll. THAYER
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EUGENE P. THOMAS
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JAMES A. THOMAS
LEO WOLMAN
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BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
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RoBERT WooDs BLiss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ADMIRAL MARK L. BRISTOL
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
WILLIAM CLARK
w. L. CLAYTON
CHARLES w. COLBY
JAMES B. CONANT
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HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DA VIS
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FREDERIC M. SACKETT
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CHARLES SEYMOUR
[., HENRY D. SHARPE
i GENERAL GEORGE s. SIMONDS
ROBERT P. SKINNER
NICHOLAS J. SPYKMAN
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
' FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. ToBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT WADSWORTH
REV. EDMUND A. WALSH
ALEXANDER W. WEDDELL
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
--,.,._. . _
BY-LAWS
I
Directors.
members.
II
newspaper men shall pay '$10 per annum. All dues shall be paid
III
in its own body. A Director absent from meetings of the Board
for a period of two successive years shall be considered to have
submitted his resignation from the Board.
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activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general
elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council executive direction of the corporation.
in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the
other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such
or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the
have been stated in the notice convening the meeting. Board of Directors.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be repre- > The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the cor-
sented by proxy. poration, and shall keep its records.
v
mittee, and a Research Committee.
present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In con-
Board of Directors.
The Research Committee shall be composed of five members of
Board.
VI
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer; who shall be

VII
VIII
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall
Executive Director or the Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the
case of funds of FoREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the
Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the
IX
November 15th. Seven Directors shall constitute a quorum for
the transaction of business at any regular or special meeting of
the Board of Directors.
x
have been given at a previous meeting or circulated in writing
to the members of the Board not less than five days in advance.
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STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIR_s, compiled by Ruth
Savard. $r.75.

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PURPOSE
THE Council on Foreign Relations is a non-par-
tisan and non-commercial organization studying
the international aspects of America's political, eco-
nomic, and financial problems. It is not a trade
organization and has no connection with any political
party. Its membership is composed of men of many
professions, with a variety of interests and views.
The Council holds meetings and conferences. It
also carries on a program of research and publication.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, which has established itself as the
most authoritative journal dealing with international
relations.
The research staff of the Council prepares an
annual survey of the foreign relations of the United
States, an annual political handbook of the world,
questions.
The Council maintains a reference library in charge
of a competent staff.
study of international relations held in London in
1929, the Cc uncil was designated as the "National
Center" for the United States.
The Council House is at 45 East 65th Street, New
York, where all the organization's activities are
centered.

OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
ll onorary President
President
NoRMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
PHILIP C. JES SUP
DIRECTORS
Retiring 1936
GEORGE 0. MA y
FRANK L. PoLK
Retiring 1937
IsAIAH BowMAN
PAUL D. CRAVATH
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JoHN W. DAVIS
HAROLD W. DoDDS
w ALTER LIPPMANN
Retiring I938
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
OWEN D. y OUNG
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~ : . . _
.
llonorary !11ember
ELIHU RooT
Resident !11embers
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FRANK ALTSCHUL
]AMES w. ANGELL
GEORGE P. Auw
JuLEs S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
JOSEPH BARNES
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CH4RLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMQS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
]AMES G. BLAINE
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DEF. BOOMER
JOSEPH A. BOWER
SPR,UILLE BRADEN
'1;iii,'
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CARTER M. BRAXTON
'
PAUL D. CRAVATH
I
ROBERT CRE.SSWELL
HENRY c. BRECK
i
GEORGE P. BRETT, JR.
STUART M. CROCKER
DoNALDSON BROWN
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
REV. WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
JOHN w. DAVIS
PERCIVAL F. BRUNDAGE
NoRMAN H. DAVIS
RAYMOND LESLIE Bu ELL
NORMAN P. DAVIS
ARTHUR H. BuNKER
GEORGE w. DAVISON
CHESTER G. BURDEN
HENRY P. DAVISON
EDMUND E. DA y
ELI WHITNEY DEBEVOISE
]AMES BYRNE
THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
RoBERT J. CALDWELL
w. DE FOREST
H. DONALD CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY

RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
.... 1
CASS CANFIELD
JOHN DICKINSON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
CLEVELAND E. DODGE
ARTHUR H. CARTER
WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
EDWARD c. CARTER
GoLDTHW AITE H. Do RR
WALTER s. CASE
LEWIS W. DouGLAs
THOMASL. CHADBOURNE
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JOHN FOSTER DULLES
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EDw ARD M. EARLE
EvANS CLARK
Lucrus R. EASTMAN
STEPHEN c. CLARK
FERDINAND EBERSTADT

BARRON COLLIER, JR.
PHANOR J. EDER
I
MARTIN CONBOY
ABRAM I. ELKUS
. ..

CHRISTOPHER F. CooMBS
WILLIAM N. ENSTROM
I
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
ED:WARD F. FEELY

FREDERICK v. FIELD
.,. ._
CHARLES R. CRANE
MARSHALL FIELD
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ROBERT M. FIELD
THOMAS K. FINLETTER
JOHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
HENRY FLETCHER
HoMER FoLKS
RAYMOND B. FosDICK
WALDO FRANK
P.A. s. FRANKLIN
LEON FRASER
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
CARLTON P. FULLER
SIDNEY D. GAMBLE
LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
PAUL w. GARRETT
GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
JAMES w. GERARD
WALTERS. GIFFORD
s. p ARKER GILBERT
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
ALAN GREGG
PETER GRIMM
HARRY F. GUGGENHEIM
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
HIRAM J. HALLE
ROLLAND J. HAMILTON
t
J OHtJ HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY llAMMOND
I
LEARNED HAND
HEBER R.
E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
WrnLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HAIUURON
CHARLES HAYDEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. 1-IAZEN
ALE;XANDER I.
JEROME S. l-IESS
NORMAN HICKMAN
HAROLD K. HocHscmw
WA.LTER E.
ALANSON n. HouoHTON
EDWARD M. HousF.
HERBERT S. HousT<>N
QUINCY HowF.
HERBERT P. HowELL
DAVIDE. HuDSON
CHARLES E. Humrns
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HurrER
CHA}lLES CHENEY HYDE
RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
HENRY lTTLESON
AR.fHUR CURTISS JAMES
PIERRE JAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
HE.NDRIK R. J OLLES
WALTER B. KAHN

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NICHOLAS KELLEY
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM s. 'KIES
WILLARD v. KING
JoHN A. KINGSBURY
WILLIAM M. KINGSLEY
ALLEN T. KLOTS
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
VICTOR w. KNAUTH
ARTHUR K. KUHN
RoGERS S. LAMONT
THOMAS s. LAMONT
THOMAS w. LAMONT
WILLIAM w. LANCASTER
JoHN G. LAYLIN
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
REV. HENRY S. LEIPER
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
c. BAI LIHME
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
EDw ARD E. LooMIS
RoBERT F. LoREE
HENRY R. LucE
i I J.C. LuITWEILER
b
REV. CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
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WALTER H. MALLORY
LOUIS c. MARBURG
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
How ARD LEE McBAIN
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
JAMES G. McDoNALD
Ross A. McFARLAND
NELSON P. MEAD
VAN s. MERLE-SMITH
JoHN L. MERRILL
ALBERT G. MILBANK
WALTER Mu.LIS
OGDEN L. MILLS
c:LARK H. MrnoR
WESLEY C. MrrcHEJ.L
WILLIAM D. MITCH ELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
PARKER T. MooN
JAMES D. MooNEY
VICTOR Mo RA WETZ
HENRY S. MoRGAN
SHEPARD MORGAN
STOKEL y w. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
GEORGE MURNANE
EDWARD R. MURROW
GEORGE N EBOLSINE
A,LLAN NEVINS
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
b.vING S. Ows

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WIJ.LJAM CHURCH OSBORN
Wu.1,IAM H. OsBORN
Lav ALL A. Os BORNE
ARTHUR w. PAGE
WILLIAM s. PALEY
PHILO w. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
I. GRAHAM PATTINSON
CHARLES s. p A YSON
NATHANIEL PEFFER
]AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. PoLK
ALLAN M. PoPE
JAMES H. PosT
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
RoLAND L. REDMOND
LANSING P. REED
GoRDON S. RENTSCHLER
A. HAMILTON RICE
RAYMOND T. RICH
HAROLD RIEGELMAN
JosEPH P. RIPLEY
F. BA y ARD RIVES
J. DONALD ROBB
lhv. HowARD C. RoBBINS
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GEORGE ROBERTS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
J OfiN D. ROCKEFELLER, JRD
y ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN RoosEVELT
NrnHOLAs' RoosEVELT
I
R'LPH M. RoosEVELT
THEODORE RoosEVELT
JAMES N. RosENBERO
RALPHS. RouNos
BEARDSLEY RuML
J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
ROBERT P. SCRIPPS
WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
H4ROLD F. SHEETS
DUNHAM B. SHERER
ALBERT SHIELS
JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR.
GEORGE A. SLOAN
H. ALEXANDER SMITH
M. SPENCE
JAMES SPEYER
ALLAN SPROUL

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ALBERT w. STAUB
SIEGFRIED STERN
WALTER w. STEWART
HENRY L. STIMSON
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE IsrnoR STRA us
PERCY s. STRAUS
RALPH I. STRA us
ROBERT K. STRAUS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
CHESTER 0. Sw AIN
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERTBAYARD SWOPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
HENRY w. TAFT
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
THOMAS D. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
EUGENE P. THOMAS ..
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
WALTERS. TowER
]. c. TRAPHAGEN
JUAN T. TRIPPE
WJLI,JAM R. TYLER
t

Rtv. WALTER W. VAN KIRK
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
PHILIP D. w AGONER
ELISHA WALKER
RICHARD J. WALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
FREDERICK M. WARBURG
}AMES P. WARBURG
y E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
EqwARD P. WARNER
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
FRANCIS WHITE
WHITNEY
WlLLIAM D. WHITNEY
ARNOLD WmTRIDGE
JOHN H. WILLIAMS
LANG BOURNE M. WILLIAMS, JR.
LUCIUS WILMERDING
Lucrns WILMERDING, JR.
HERBERT E. WINLOCK
GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP
LEO WOLMAN.
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
c., WILLARD y 0UNG, JR.
OwEN D. YouNG
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WALLACE M. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK H. Aq,EN
JAMES RowLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
F. LAMMOT BELIN
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ISAIAH BOWMAN
ADMIRAL MARK L. BRISTOL
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
WILLIAM c. BULLITT
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
WILLIAM CLARK
w. L. CLAYTON
CHARLES w. COLBY
KARL T. COMPTON
JAMES B. CONANT
RICHARD CRANE
GENERAL WILLIAM CROZIER
JoHN CupAHY
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
, .. ,

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WILLIAM E. DoDD
HAROLD W. DoDDS
w. B. DONHAM
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
ARTHUR DUNN
s. DUNN
CMARLES K. EDMUNDS
WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FAY
HERBERT FEIS
E:owARD A. FILENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
W. CAMERON FORBES
FELIX FRANKFURTER
J.,WILSON FURNESS
HoMER GAGE
HiARRY A. GARFIELD
J qHN w. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HuGH GrnsoN
J. STEELE Gow
EUGENE G. GRACE
u. GRANT-SMITH
WILLIAM GREEN
JEROME D. GREENE
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
WILLIAM B. HALE
Cp:AUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
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SAMUEL N. HARPER
LELAND HARRISON
FRANCIS R. HART
HowARD HEINZ
ADMIRAL ARTHUR J. HEPBURN
HAMILTON HoLT
ERNEST M. HOPKINS
BRUCE C. HoPPER
STANLEY K. HORNBECK
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
J. HUGH JACKSON
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
STANLEY KING
ARTHUR Buss L.A!NE
WILLIAM L. LANGER
DAVID LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
A. LAWRENCE Lo WELL
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
LINCOLN MAcVEAGH
WALTER W. McLAREN
ELIOT G. MEARS
ANDREW w. MELLON
.
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EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
FRANCIS P. MILLER
ROBERT A. MILLIKEN
J. PIERREPONT MOFFAT
PETER MoLYNEAUX
EDw ARD C. Moo RE
E. MORGAN
D4.VE HENNEN MoRRIS
RALPH w. MORRISON
DANA G. MUNRO
P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
MEREDITH NICHOLSON
GENERAL DENNISE. NOLAN
E..G. NouRSE
FREDERIC A. OGG
Ri. REV. G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRADLEY w. p ALMER
GEORGE B. PARKER
HOFFMAN PHILIP
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
GENERAL PALMER E. PIERCE
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE WITT C. PooLE
ADMIRAL WILLIAM v. PRATT
JESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
JOHN W. RIDDLE
WINFIELD w. RIEFLER
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HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
FREDERIC M. SACKETT
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
GENERAL GEORGE s. SIMONDS
ROBERT P. SKINNER
RAYMOND J. SONTAG
NICHOLAS J. SPYKMAN
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
RAYMOND GRAM SWING
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. TOBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT w ADSWORTH
REV. EDMUND A. w ALSH
ALEXANDER w. WEDDELL
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
EDWIN B. WILSON
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
Directors.
Resident shall be limited to four hundred in number,
York, and who 'shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board 0 Directors in its discr:etion may elect honorary
members.
11
annually-or in equal instalments at the option
III
At each annual; meeting of the Council there shall be elected six
in its own body. A Director absent from meetings of the Board
for a period of two successive years shall be considered to have
submitted his resignation from the Board .
IV
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'!I:
activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be
elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council
in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such
other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by
or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall
have been stated in the notice convening the meeting.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be repre-
sented by proxy.
v
mittee, and a Research Committee.
present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In.con-
Board of Directors.
The Research Cammi ttee shall be composed of five members of
Board.
VI
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, who shall be
elected 11nm111lly by the Board of Directors.
Board of
The Treasurer iihall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
The Secretary: shall conduct the correspondence of the cor-
poration, and shall keep its records.
VII
VIII
The funds of the corporation and of FoREIGN AFFAIRS shall
Executive Directbr or the Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the
case of funds of FOREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the
Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the
IX
November 15th. Seven Directors shall constitute a quorum for
the transaction of business at any regular or special meeting of
the Board of Directors.
x
have been given, at a previous meeting or circulated in. writing
to the members 9f the Board not less than five days in advance.
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE COUNCIL
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, an American Quarterly Review, edited by
Hamilton Fish Armstrong. $5.00 a year.
SURVEY OF AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS, prepared under
the direction of Charles P. Howland. Volumes for 1928,
1929, 1930 and 1931. $5.00 each.
T1rn UNITED STATES IN WoRLD AFFAIRS (annual). Volumes
for I93I, 1932 and I933 by Walter Lippmann and William
0. Scroggs. Volume for 1934-I935 by Whitney H. Shepard-
son and William 0. Scroggs. $J.OO each.
PoLITICAL HANDBOOK OF THE WoRLD (annual), edited by
Walter H. Mallory. $2.JO.
CAN WE BE NEUTRAL?, by Allen W. Dulles and Hamilton
Fish Armstrong. $I.JO.
INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, by Philip c. Jessup. $I.JO.
THE FoREIGN PoLICY OF THE PowERS, by Jules Cambon,
Richard von Kuhlmann, Sir Austen Chamberlain, Dino
Grandi, Viscount Ishii, Karl Radek, John W. Davis. $I.JO.
ORES AND INDUSTRY IN SouTH AMERICA, by H. Foster Bain
and Thomas Thornton Read. $J.JO .
ORES AND INDUSTRY IN THE FAR EAST, by H. Foster Bain
(revised and enlarged edition). $3.00.
THE RECOVERY oF GERMANY, by James W. Angell. $4.00.
EuROPE: THE WoRLD's BANKER, I870-I914, by Herbert Feis
(second printing). $5.00.
FoREJGN AFFAIRS BIBLIOGRAPHY. 19I9-1932, by William L.
Langer and Hamilton Fish Armstrong. $5.00.
DIRECTORY OF AMERICAN AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE
\ j STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, compiled by Ruth
r 1 s <l
, , avo1 . $I.75.
li!!!IQWttlM! I*

Council On Foreign Relations Rosters 1922-1936

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