ME 24-627 Special Topics of Nanophotonics: Fundamentals and Applications Homework 1

Problem 1 (a) ( ) (

(1)

Analyzing one term:

Following a similar derivation for the next terms in (1): (

( ( ) (b) ( )

( (

) ) (

) ( )

( (

) )

))

(c) ( ) (

( ) (

) (

) ) (

( ) Problem 2

(a) A vector is a wave if satisfy the wave equation. For an electromagnetic wave traveling on free space wave equation is given by:

a.1

( (

)
)

(
(

The wave equation is satisfied when a.2 ( ) ( | | ) (2)

From the time dependent part of the equation: (3)

And from the position dependent part:

( ) [ (

(
(

) [
| |

(
)) (

|
|

| )
| ) ( (

(
|

|
|

| )]
)) ( | | )]

) [

( (

| |

| )[ | )[

( (

| |

)] | )]

( (

| |

) | )

( (

| |

) |

(4)
) ]

Since |

|, has the form: | (| |) { (| |) | { ( ( ) ) (| (| |) |) {

Replacing in (4): ( ) [ ( ( | ) Replacing (3) and (5) on equation (2): So the equation is satisfied when: | ) ( | ( | ) (5) | | )]

a.3

)(

( (
( )

)(
)(

) )

(
(

)( ))

)(

The wave equation is satisfied when

(b) The Magnetic field is related to the Electric field by: b.1 ( ); | | ( ); (
| | | |

| |( ;

) )( )

b.2

); | |

); |

( (

: : b.3 ( ) ( ); | | (

) (

) ( )

( ); ( (

| ; ) ( ( ) (

) ))

(c) The Amperes law is already satisfied since the previous magnetic fields were derived from this equation. The Faradays law will be satisfied if the magnetic and electric field comply with:

Using the Amperes Law, the above equation can be transformed to: Or: Wave Equation ( )

Given that it was proved that the proposed electric fields satisfies the wave equation, if those electric fields satisfies the Gauss law ( ), automatically will satisfy the Faradays law. c.1 ( ) c.2 ( If : ( | If : ( | c.3 ( ) ( ) ( is the only electric field who doesnt qualify as electromagnetic wave, since satisfies the Gauss law only for some values. Based on the Gauss law, it can be proved that: ) ( ) | ) ( | | ) | ) ( | | ) ) ( (
| |

( (

) )

) | ) ( | | ) ( | | ) ( | | )

So and directions are perpendicular to the direction of the wavevector k, and since the magnetic fields are perpendicular to the electric field and the wave vector (magnetic field were derived by a cross product between E and k), the magnetic fields , also satisfies:

 Consequently Problem 3 (a) ( ) ( ) ; | | ; and

represent electromagnetic waves.

; | |(

The time averaged power flow per unit area is given by: (
( )(

( ) )

)
( )(

))

(( (b) ( ) ( ) ; | | ;

))

; | |( (

The time averaged power flow per unit area is given by: ( ( ( ) ) ) ( ) ( ( )) ))

((