THE PLANE

SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS
PROBLEM 59.a. Write the equation of the plane parallel to the it. SOLUTION: -plane and units below

The -plane is just the plane covered all points where . Therefore, the equation of the plane parallel to the -plane and 3 units below it is or . VON JERIC F. ADONA PROBLEM 59.b. Write the equation of the plane parallel to the yz-plane and having xintercept 4. SOLUTION:

We write down the equation for this coordinate plane using the idea: (yz-plane). Since we have x-intercept 4, we write the equation parallel to yz-plane or . VON JERIC F. ADONA PROBLEM 59.c. Write the equation of the plane perpendicular to the z-axis at point SOLUTION:

VON JERIC F. ADONA PROBLEM 59.d. Write the equation of the plane parallel to xz-plane and 6 units behind it. SOLUTION:

Parallel to

-plane

. Therefore the equation is

or

VON JERIC F. ADONA

PROBLEM 61. Write the equation of the plane parallel to the -axis, -intercept is , intercept is . SOLUTION:

Since the plane is parallel to -axis, equation only contains

and

intercepts only.

Multiply both sides by 6, we get

MARVIN A. FRONDA PROBLEM 62. Write the equation of the plane parallel to the z-axis, with xy-trace
. SOLUTION:

The equation is

. VON JERIC F. ADONA

PROBLEM 63. Write the equations of the following planes: a. Through and perpendicular to a line whose direction numbers are . b. Through and perpendicular to the line segment from to . c. Through the point and perpendicular to the line segment joining this point to the point . d. Perpendicular to the line segment from to at its midpoint. SOLUTION: a. Through

and perpendicular to a line whose direction numbers are

Let

be an arbitrary point on the plane. To get the equation of the plane, we need to get the dot product of the direction vector from to another point on the plane, and the direction numbers to which it is perpendicular. It will be equal to 0 because the dot product of two vectors is equal to 0.

b. Through

and perpendicular to the line segment from

to

be an arbitrary point on the plane. be the direction vector of the line segment from to . Again, use dot product of two direction vectors and the dot product of two perpendicular vectors is 0. First, we get the vector of the segment from to . Dot product:

Let

c. Through the point to the point

and perpendicular to the line segment joining this point .

Let

be an arbitrary point on the plane. be the direction vector of the line segment from to . Again, use dot product of two direction vectors and the dot product of two perpendicular vectors is 0. First, we get the vector of the segment from to . Dot product:

d. Perpendicular to the line segment from

to

at its midpoint.

be an arbitrary point on the plane. be the direction vector of the line segment from to . First, we must get the midpoint of the segment because the plane passes through it. It is the point of intersection of the line segment and the desired plane and get the direction vector of the line segment. Dot product: ( ( ( ) ) )

Let

LIZZA MAE N. NAPUTO

PROBLEM 64. Find the equation of the plane:

a. Through the point: and parallel to the plane .

SOLUTIONS:

Through the point: Normal direction:

b. Through the point:

and parallel to the plane

SOLUTION:

Through the point: Normal direction:

c. Through the origin and parallel to the plane

SOLUTION:

Through the origin: Normal direction:

d. Parallel to the plane

and half as far from the origin.

SOLUTION:

 ( )

At

e. Parallel to the plane

at a distance 3 from the origin.

SOLUTION:

at (0,0,0)

D=

RENA CIELO A. ARIAS PROBLEM 65. Find the equation of the plane: a. Parallel to the plane

and 2 units farther from the origin.

SOLUTION:

Let be the equation of the desired plane and v be the normal vector of then, Distance of a point to a plane | | But the given plane is parallel to the desired plane. Therefore, they have the same normal vector. We will have: | | | | and Therefore the equations are b. Parallel to the plane SOLUTION: and and distant 4 units from point . . | |

Let be the equation of the desired plane and v be the normal vector of then, Distance of a point to a plane | | But the given plane is parallel to the desired plane. Therefore, they have the same normal vector. We will have: | | | | | Solving for d: |

Therefore, the equations are c. Parallel to the plane . SOLUTION:

and

and distant 3 units from the point

Let be the equation of the desired plane and v be the normal vector of then, Distance of a point to a plane | | But the given plane is parallel to the desired plane. Therefore, they have the same normal vector. We will have: | | | | | |

Solving for d: Therefore the equations are . GEMMA MONICA M. VILORIA and

PROBLEM 67. Find the equation of the plane through the the line of intersection of the planes SOLUTION:

and perpendicular to

[ =

PROBLEM 68. Find the equation of the plane through of the planes and SOLUTION:

and perpendicular to each .

Let

be a normal vector of

then we can take

Let

be a normal vector of Let n . Then

then we can take = is a vector in the direction of line.

(1, -4, 2)

BRYAN M. PAMITTAN PROBLEM 69. Find the equation of the plane through the planes and . SOLUTION: and perpendicular to each of

Let

We must first get the cross product of the given vectors. This will be the normal of the desired plane.

Get the dot product of the normal vector and

MARVIN A. FRONDA PROBLEM 70. Find the equation of the plane through (4,1,0) and perpendicular to each of the planes and . SOLUTION:

To find the equation of the plane through the point and perpendicular to the planes, get the normal vectors of the given plane. Let be the normal vector of be the normal vector of
= N2 =

VON JERIC F. ADONA

PROBLEM 71. Find the equation of the plane through the planes and SOLUTIONS:

and perpendicular to each of .

Let

We must first get the cross product of the given vectors. This will be the normal of the desired plane.

Get the dot product of the normal vector and

MARVIN A. FRONDA

PROBLEM 72. Find the equation of the plane perpendicular to each of the planes and at a distance from the origin. SOLUTION:

Let a,b,c be equation of the plane = (ai+bj+ck) (3i-j+k)= 0 3a-b+c=0 (ai+bj+ck) (i+5j+3k)=0 a+5b+3c=0 3a+15b+9c=0

MARYLYN A.ALEMAN

PROBLEM 73. Find the equation of the plane perpendicular to each of the planes and at a distance 1 from the origin. SOLUTION:

We need to find the cross product of the normal vector of the two equations to find the plane perpendicular to each of them; <1, -4, 1> and <3, 4, 1> | | = < -8, 2, 16 >

We substitute the cross product of the normal vectors in the constants of the general equation of a plane and we get; To find d, the problem says that the equation of the plane perpendicular to each of the planes has a distance of 1 from the origin. By the formula of the distance from a point to a plane. We get,

Going back to the equation of our perpendicular plane, we get and

BENITO JY M GARCIA

PROBLEM 74. Find the equation of the plane through perpendicular the plane . SOLUTION:

and

and

Let

JULIE ANNE D. CENAR

PROBLEM 75. Find the equation of the plane through perpendicular to the plane . SOLUTION:

and

and

We let At point | | , the required equation is

MA. CRIZELDA M. IMPERIAL

PROBLEM 76. Find the equation of the plane through perpendicular to the plane . SOLUTION:

and

and

Get the direction vector of the two points, Let be the normal vector of the plane be the cross product of and [ ]

and

Let

, and the normal vector of the desired plane.

Now, to get the equation of the plane, let be an arbitrary point on the locus. The equation will be obtained by getting the dot product of and the direction vector of points and . This will be equal to zero because they are orthogonal (perpendicular).

NORBERTO O. YAMUGAN

PROBLEM 77.Find the equation of the plane through perpendicular to the plane . SOLUTION:

and

and

Since were perpendicular to the plane , the normal vector of this plane will be parallel to ours. Moreover, the points lie in our plane and therefore is also parallel to our plane. Hence, their cross product is normal to our plane. Since is in our plane, we can immediately write down an equation for our plane

RAFAEL M. LLARINAS PROBLEM 78: Find the equation of the plane through perpendicular to the plane . SOLUTION: and and

Find the two initial vectors of the graph. First, using the two points given. Second, by using gradient on the given plane. A (1,3,-2) and B (3,4,3) and : 7x 3y + 5z 4 = 0 = (3-1)i + (4-3)j + (3+2)k = 2i + j + 5k =( =( )(7x 3y + 5z 4 = 0)
)(7x 3y + 5z = 4) + ( )(7x 3y + 5z = 4) + ( )(7x 3y + 5z = 4)

= 7i 3j + 5k x =| | | | | | | )

= (|

= (5 + 15)i (10 - 35)j + (-6 - 7)k = 20i + 25j 13k Dot product the obtained vector from the cross product and one of the points to get the equation of the plane: ]=0 (20i + 25j 13k) [ : 20(x-1) + 25(y-3) -13(z+2) = 0 : 20x - 20 + 25y 75 - 13z - 26 = 0 : 20x + 25y 13z 121 = 0 LEO ANGELO LUNA PROBLEM 79. Find the equation of plane through the points
a. b. c. d. e.

SOLUTIONS:
z

a. Substitute the points to the equation . We can generate three equations and use elimination method to solve for a, c, d in terms of b.

We solve this system of equation and we get,

Substitute a, b, c, and d values to the general equation of the plane.

Divide both sides of the equation by b and multiply by 2, we get

b.

Substitute the points to the equation . We can generate three equations and use elimination method to solve for a, b, d in terms of c.

We solve this system of equation and we get, Substitute a, b, c, and d values to the general equation of the plane.

Divide both sides of the equation by c, we get

c.

Substitute the points to the equation . We can generate three equations and use elimination method to solve for a, b, d in terms of c.

We solve this system of equation and we get,

Substitute a, b, c, and d values to the general equation of the plane.

Divide both sides of the equation by c and multiply by

, we get

d.

Substitute the points to the equation . We can generate three equations and use elimination method to solve for a, b, d in terms of c.

We solve this system of equation and we get,

Substitute a, b, c, and d values to the general equation of the plane.

Divide both sides of the equation by c and multiply by

, we get

e.

EARL JANZEN F. FAMILARA Problem 80. Discuss the locus of each of the following planes showing intercepts and traces.
(a) 2x+4y+3z-12=0

To get the traces of xy-trace Let z=0 2x+4y+0-12=0 2x+4y=12

the plane: yz-trace xz-trace Let x=0 Let y=0 0+4y+3z-12=0 4y+3z=12 2x+3z=12

2x+0+3z-12=0

This is the graph of the traces that we have got from the plane 2x+4y+3z-12=0

We just need the two coordinates be equal to 0. For example, we need to find the xintercept, let the value of y and z into 0, and vice versa. x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept 2x+0+0-12=0 0+4y+0-12=0 0+0+2z-12=0 2x=12 4y=12 3z=12 X=6 y=3 z=4 (6,0,0) (0,3,0) (0,0,4) RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN
(b) 3x-5y+2z-30=0

Traces of the plane: xy-trace yz-trace xz-trace Let z=0 Let x=0 Let y=0 3x-5y+0-30=0 0+5y+2z-30=0 3x-0+2z-30=0 3x-5y=30 5y+2z=30 3x+2z=30 This is the graph of the traces we have got from the plane 3x-5y+2z-30=0

Getting the intercepts of the plane 3x-5y+2z-30=0 x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept 3x-0+0-30=0 0-5y+0-30=0 0-0+2z-30=0 3x=30 -5y=30 2z=30 x=10 y=-6 z=15 (10,0,0) (0,-6,0) (0,0,15)
(c) x+y=6

RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN

Traces of the plane: (since z=0, there is no need to take the xz-trace) z-trace=x+y=6. yz-trace xz-trace Let x=0 Let y=0 0+y=6 x+0=6 y=6 x=6

This is the graph of the traces we have got from x+y=6.

Getting the intercepts of the plane x+y=6: x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept x+0=6 0+y=6 0+0=6 x=6 y=6 z=0 (6,0,0) (0,6,0) (0,0,0)
(d) 2y-3z=6

Richard Paul T. Martin

(since x=0, we dont need to get the yz -trace because yz-trace is equal to the plane 2y3z=6). Traces of the plane 2y-3z=6: xy-trace xz-trace Let z=0 Let y=0 2y-3(0)=6 2(0)-3z=6 2y=6 -3z=6 y=3 z=-2 This is the traces that we have got from the plane 2y-3z=6

Getting the intercepts of the plane 2y-3z=6: x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept 0-0=6 2y-0=6 0-3z=6 x=0 2y=6 -3z=6 y=3 z=-2 (0,0,0) (0,3,0) (0,0,-2)
(e) 2x-z=0

RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN

(since y=0, we dont need to get the xz -trace because it is equal to the plane 2x-z=0). yz-trace xy-trace Let x=0 Let z=0 2(0)-z=0 2x-0=0 z=0 x=0 Therefore, there is no traces for the graph 2x-z=0. Getting the intercepts of the plane 2x-z=0 x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept 2x-0=0 0-0=0 0-z=0 x=0 y=0 z=0 (0,0,0) (0,0,0) (0,0,0) RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN

(f) x-6=0

(Since y and z are equal to zero, we dont need to get the y and z traces because it is equal to the plane x-6=0). Trace of the plane x-6=0: yz-trace Let x=0 0-6=0 Therefore, no traces for the plane x-6=0. Getting the intercepts of the plane 2x-6=0: x-intercept y-intercept z-intercept x-6=0 0-6=0 0-6=0 x=6 y=0 z=0 (6,0,0) (0,0,0) (0,0,0) RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN PROBLEM 81. Use the normal form and write the equations of each of the following planes, given: a. SOLUTION:

Let Find .

( )(

( ) ( )

b. SOLUTION:

Let

Find

( )(

( ) (

c. The foot of the normal from the origin to the plane is point SOLUTION:

Let

, then

d. SOLUTION:

Let Find .

( )

( ) (

e. SOLUTION:

( )

( )

RAYMOND M. CORPUZ

PROBLEM 82. Reduce each of the following equations to normal form and thus determine the direction cosines and length of the normal.
a. b. c.

SOLUTIONS: To find the direction cosines and the length of the normal, we reduce the given equation to The sign of the radical has the same sign as of D.
a.

The direction cosines are

and the length is .

b.

The direction cosines are

c.

and the length is

The direction cosines are

and the length is

. MA. CRIZELDA M. IMPERIAL

PROBLEM 83. Determine the perpendicular distance from the point to the plane in each of the following: a. Point plane

To find the distance of a point from the plane, use | | | b. Point plane |

To find the distance of a point from the plane, use | | | |

c. Point

plane

To find the distance of a point from the plane, use | | | |

d. Point

plane

To find the distance of a point from the plane, use | | | |

ZEAREEN A. VERGARA PROBLEM 84. Find the acute angle between each of the following planes: (a) , (b) , SOLUTION:

(a) Given the equations

Let Let =

be a normal vector to the first plane. be a normal vector to the second plane. Then, and = = = = =

= = 60 PROBLEM 84. Find the acute angle between each of the following planes: (a) , (b) , SOLUTION:

(b) Given the equations Let Let =

be a normal vector to the first plane. be a normal vector to the second plane. Then, and =

= = = = =

= 97.82123551 Since is not an acute angle, we should get its supplement. Thus, we write,

180 - = 180 - 97.82123551 82.17876449 Therefore, the acute angle between planes is 82.17876449 . and

KENNEDY B. GAPUZ PROBLEM 85. Find the point of intersection of the planes 2x-y-2z=5, 4x+y+3z=1, 8xy+z=5. SOLUTION:

To find the point of intersection, we need to use the elimination method. Eq.(1) Eq.(2) Eq.(3) Eq.(4) Eq.(5) Then we use equation 4 and 5 to get the value of z. we need to multiply this to -2 to eliminate the value of x.

Substitute the value of z to any of the equations 4 or 5. And substitute x and z to get the value of y. Therefore, The point of intersections are POI(x,y,z)=(3/2,4,-3) RICHARD PAUL T. MARTIN PROBLEM 86 Find the points of intersection of the planes: a.

Use elimination to get the coordinates of the point of intersection. (1) (2) (3) Use (1) and (2) to derive (4) (1) (2) + (4) Use (2) and (3) to derive the (5). (1) (2) (5) Use (4) and (5) to get the value of .

Substitute the

value to (5)

Lastly, substitute both

and

values to (1).

The point of intersection of the three planes is at b. , ,

( )

The point of intersection of the three planes is at ( ).

c.

( )=7

( )

The point of intersection of the three planes is at (

). LIZZA MAE N. NAPUTO

PROBLEM 87. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes , and the point . SOLUTION:

Let

At point

, the required equation is

MA. CRIZELDA M. IMPERIAL

PROBLEM 88. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes and the point (1,2,3). SOLUTION:

(1,2,3)

We need to find the line of intersection of the two planes. Let n1 be the normal of the plane n2 be the normal of the plane n as the normal of the line of intersection, where n1 = <3,-4,2> n2 = <2,4,-2> We need to find the cross product of n1 and n2 to get the line of intersection. | |

With a point in the plane and the normal vector to the plane we can write an equation of the plane. Using the point (1,2,3) we can now derive the equation by using the standard form of the equation of the plane, By subsitution,

Therefore the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes and the point (1,2,3) is

REISHSIER V. ABONITA

PROBLEM 89. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes

SOLUTION :

Substitute: Then: so, Let x = 0 , substitute: Then, , , -6( )+ so, ( ) then, ) then so, ) ( ) so,

Let A be the vector from (6, 0, 0) to ( Let B be the vector from ( 6, 0, 0) to ( The normal to the plane is | General form of plane is Then, = then, )5 Lowest form : |= = ,

MARK FERDINAD SIOSON

PROBLEM 90.

Find the equations of the bisectors of the angles between the planes .

SOLUTION:

Use

.
| |

= ` = =

Equation 1:

= Equation 2: = =

MARK FERDINAD SIOSON

PROBLEM 91. Find the equations of the bisectors of the angles between the planes and . SOLUTION:

To find the equations of the bisectors, we use the distance formula of a point to a plane. Equations of the bisectors are loci of a point that is equidistant from the plane. Let an arbitrary point on the locus. be the distance from the first plane. be the distance from the second plane. | | | | |

| |

RAYMOND M. CORPUZ

PROBLEM 92. Find the equations of the bisectors of the angles between the planes and . SOLUTION:

To get the equations of the bisector, get the locus of the point where the distance from the two planes are equal. Let be an arbitrary point on the locus be the distance from P to plane be the distance from P to plane We use: | | | | Substituting values: | | | |

Therefore the equations of the bisectors of the angles are .

and

GEMMA MONICA M. VILORIA

PROBLEM 93. Write the equation of each of the following planes in the intercept form: a) b) c) SOLUTION: The intercept form of a plane a)

b)

c)

REISHSIER V. ABONITA PROBLEM 94. Write the equations of the following planes whose intercepts are:
a. b. c.

SOLUTIONS:

a.

Use the intercept form of equation of a plane.

Substitute the intercepts to a, b, and c respectively.

Multiply both sides of the equation by -30 (Least Common Denominator). We get

b.

Use the intercept form of equation of a plane.

Substitute the intercepts to a and b respectively.

Multiply both sides of the equation by 6 (Least Common Denominator). We get

c.

Use the intercept form of equation of a plane.

Substitute the intercept to a.

By cross multiplication, we get ALDRIN V. PONCE PROBLEM 95. Show that the following planes are the faces of a parallelepiped: , , , SOLUTION:

Let A be the plane with normal vector = B be the plane with normal vector = C be the plane with normal vector = D be the plane with normal vector = By definition of parallel vectors: A and B are said to be parallel if and only if

|=(

Parallel

Parallel

Find the angle between the non parallel planes || || || |||| ||

|| || || || || || || || ( ( ( )( ( )( ) ) )( ) )( )

|| |||| || || |||| || || |||| || || |||| ||

) or

) or (

= =

,
(

) or

) or

Since planes A and C are parallel to each other, planes B and D are also parallel to each other, and the angles between the planes AB, AD, BC, CD are all equal, therefore the planes A, B, C and D are faces of a parallelepiped.

GEMMA MONICA M. VILORIA

PROBLEM 96. Write the equation of the locus of a point whose distance from the plane is always twice its distance from SOLUTION:

Let be the equation of the desired plane. If the distance of a plane from is always twice its distance from , then by using the formula: Distance of a point to a plane | We will have the proportion:

and

Simplifying, and and Therefore the equations will be: and

GEMMA MONICA M. VILORIA PROBLEM 97. Find the perpendicular distance between the parallel planes and SOLUTION: Because the two planes are parallel, they have the same normal vector. | | | |

units

EARL JANZEN F. FAMILARA PROBLEM 98. Find the perpendicular distance between the planes and . SOLUTION: We take the normal of both equations. Since normal of two planes are equal, therefore the two planes are parallel. | units |

EARL JANZEN F. FAMILARA PROBLEM 99. Describe the locus of the equation SOLUTION.

Simplifying the equation (

we get,

Then, either

= 0 or

= 0 pass thru the origin

Therefore we can state that the locus of the equation planes with a point of intersection in the origin.

is two

BENITO JY M. GARCIA PROBLEM 100. Describe the locus of the equation SOLUTION:

z x

Simplifying the equation Therefore we can state that

we get, is a hyperboloid with the radius 2 and lies in the xy plane. REISHSIER V. ABONITA

PROBLEM 101. Write the equation of the locus of point whose distance from the plane is equal to the its distance from the point . SOLUTION:

Let

be an arbitrary point on the locus. be the distance of to the plane be the distance of from the point to a given plane , we use

To find the distance of a point | | | | To find the distance between two points, If , then | | | | |

from the point

( )

RAYMOND M. CORPUZ