Writing I

7th Class : 13th of October 2013 Frida Ferdani Putri

fridaferdaniputri@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan
1

CLASS 7
Modul 8 Grammar Writing differences between two things. Writing questions for survey. Develop story from picture.

Objective
Kompetensi Umum Mahasiswa diharapkan mampu membandingkan derajat perbedaan (degree of comparison) dalam Bahasa Inggris Kompetensi Khusus Mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menulis perbedaan antara dua hal, menulis pertanyaan untuk survey kepuasan dengan jawaban yang menyatakan degree of comparison atau adverb of frequency, dan dapat mengembangkan cerita dari gambar.

Degrees of Comparison
1.

Positive (sama atau sebanding) as [adj/adv] as

Jonny is attractive. Sam is attractive. Jonny is as attractive as Sam (is). Brian screams loudly. Reese screams loudly. Brian screams as loudly as Reese does.

2.

Comparative (lebih )
[adj/adv] + -er + than OR more + [adj/adv] + than
John is taller than Tom. Kate drives the car more carefully than Amanda does.

3.

Superlative (paling )
the [adj/adv] + -est . in/of
She is the most famous artist in her country.

Degrees of Comparison
Positive satu suku kata Contoh: bright dua suku kata dan berakhiran er , y , -ow, -le Contoh: heavy, narrow, simple + er Comparative + est Superlative

Contoh: brighter
+ er

Contoh: brigthest
+ est

Contoh: heavier, narrower, simpler dua suku kata lainnya atau lebih Contoh: patient berakhiran -ous, -ed, -re, ing, -ful, Misal: Beatiful More + adjective Misal: more patient More + adjective Misal: More beatiful

Contoh: the heaviest, the narrowest, the simplest The most + adjective Misal: most patient The most + adjective Misal: the most beautiful

Irregular Adjectives
Adjective good Comparative Superlative better the best Example Tara is the best athlete in the school. He is still in hospital, but he is better than he was last week. You are the worst driver I have ever known. My house is the furthest one. My house is the farther one. Ram is my elder brother. Your teacher is older than my teacher.

well (healthy)
bad far far old (people in a family)

better
worse further farther elder

the best
the worst the furthest the farthest the eldest the oldest

old (general use) older

Kata-kata yang bisa menggunakan -er ataupun more: quiet, clever, narrow, shallow, dan simple

Degrees of Comparison
A bit/much + comparative A bit: Dipakai dalam membandingkan perbedaan dua hal yang sangat tipis/sedikit.
Adam is a bit taller than Danny.

Much: Dipakai dalam membandingkan perbedaan dua

hal yang besar.

His girlfriend is much younger than him.

Get + comparative menjadi lebih The kids get taller. I got fatter after coming to Korea.

Present Perfect Tense

Dipakai untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang telah lewat.
Untuk menyatakan sudah, belum, pernah, belum pernah. Keterangan waktu: recently dan lately.

now

past

future

Present Perfect Tense

Positive Sentence: S + have/has + past participle (V3) They have returned my book S + have/has + been + adv/adj/noun He has been sick Negative Sentence: S + have/has + not + past participle (V3) I have not submitted my paper S + have/has + not + been + adv/adj/noun I have not been to Jerussalem

Interrogative Sentence: Have/Has + S + Past participle (V3)? Have you signed the form? Have/Has + S + been + adv/adj/noun? Have you been away for a long time?

Present Perfect Tense

Untuk menekankan sudah gunakan already setelah

kata have/has
I have already taken my lunch.

Untuk kalimat negative gunakan kata yet di akhir

kalimat
She has not come yet.

Kata ever hanya untuk kalimat interogatif. Have you ever eaten octopus? Untuk menekankan baru saja gunakan just setelah

kata have/has
I have just called you.
10

Adverb of frequencies
Menerangkan berapa sering sebuah peristiwa terjadi

atau pelaku melakukan suatu kegiatan.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Never Hardly ever Not very often Occasionally Sometimes Quite often Often Usually/normally Very often Almost always Always

I never smoke

Sometimes I play basketball.

I usually get up early.

Adverb of Frequency
Biasanya diletakkan di antara subyek dan predikat I always come late to school. Apabila predikatnya adalan be (is/am/are/was/were),

maka adverb of frequency diletakkan setelah be

I am always excited learning English.

sometimes di awal kalimat Sometimes I dont understand what she says.

Usually awal kalimat atau di antara subjeck dan

predikat
Usually we go to grandmas house on vacation. We usually go to grandmas house on vacation
12

For dan Since

For

Menyatakan kurun waktu tertentu. Misal: for one minute, for one day, for one week, dst.
I have had this car for 10 years.

Since

Menyatakan waktu satu waktu pada masa yang sudah lewat. Misal: since yesterday, since 1990, dst
I have had this car since 2003.

now

For (for 1 year)

past

Since (since last year)

2012

future

Clauses Without Wh
Wh clause that, who, whose, whom, which, where,

when
I saw a young girl. She was very beautiful. S: I V: saw O: a young girl The young girl whom I saw was very beautiful. The young girl I saw was very beautiful.

Clauses Without Wh
The old lady is carrying a luggage. It is very big. S: The old lady V: is carrying O: a big luggage The luggage that the old lady is carrying is very big. The luggage the old lady is carrying is very big.