CONVERTIDORES CD-CD

Edgar Peralta Snchez Otoo 2013

Agenda
Introduccin Control de los convertidores cd-cd Convertidor de bajada (buck converter)

INTRODUCCIN

DC-DC Converter Applications

Functional block diagram

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

Sistema Elico

Sistema Fotovoltaico

Sistema con Celda de Combustible

Aplicacin automotriz

PREMISAS

Assumptions
Converters are analyzed in steady state The switches are treated as being ideal Losses in the inductive and the capacitive elements are neglected The dc input voltage to the converters is assumed to have zero internal impedance The output is assumed to supply a load that can be represented by an equivalent resistance, as is usually the case in switch-mode dc power supplies A dc motor load (the other application of these converters) can be represented by a dc voltage in series with the motor winding resistance and inductance

CONTROL DE LOS

CONVERTIDORES CD-CD

Stepping Down a DC Voltage

In dc-dc converters, the average dc output voltage must be controlled to equal a desired level, though the input voltage and the output load may fluctuate

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

Pulse-Width Modulation in DC-DC Converters

Role of PWM
Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

PSIM:ResistorLoad.psim

 In practice the load would be inductive. Even with a resistive load, there would always be certain associated stray inductance. This means that the switch would have to absorb (or dissipate) the inductive energy and therefore it may be destroyed (diode as a solution) The output voltage fluctuates between zero and vd , which is not acceptable in most applications (fluctuations are very much diminished by using a low-pass filter, consisting of an inductor and a capacitor)

CONVERTIDOR DE BAJADA (BUCK CONVERTER)

Step-Down DC-DC Converter

Pulsating input to the low-pass filter

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

CONTINUOUS-CONDUCTION MODE

Steady state; inductor current flows continuously

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

Para el inductor
= 1 + Para = 1 + , de donde
1 =0 1 =0 1 1 1

1 + = 1

 Cuando el interruptor est cerrado Cuando el interruptor est abierto Integrando sobre todo el periodo
0

() = () + () = 0
0

( ) + () = 0
0

La corriente mxima es la suma de la corriente media en el inductor ms el valor pico de la variacin de corriente IL .

Ya que:

La corriente mnima est dada por la corriente promedio en el inductor menos el valor del pico de la variacin de corriente .

 el valor mnimo de inductancia para garantizar que el convertidor est operando en modo contnuo

Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Waveforms at the boundary of Cont./Discont. Conduction

Analizando la ecuacin en Matlab

Critical current below which inductor current becomes discontinuous

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Discontinuous Conduction Mode

Steady state; inductor current discontinuous

Copyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 7 DC-DC Switch-Mode Converters

Capacitor

La capacitancia requerida para el convertidor CD-CD reductor es:

Resumen para el buck converter

=

(1) (2)
Ejemplo. Disear un convertidor buck con las siguientes especificaciones para D=0.5: Vs=100V (V/Vo) =1% f=100 kHz R=10 Aplicando (1) tenemos que Lmin=25 uH Aplicando (2) tenemos que Cmin=25 uF

Ejemplo para realizar en clase

Ejemplo. Disear un convertidor buck con las siguientes especificaciones para D=0.5: Vs=500V (V/Vo) =1% f=20 kHz R=10

PREGUNTAS?