ENGG5103 Week3 Lecture

8/15/2013
ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis
Week 3 NSW WHS Act & Australian/New Zealand Standards
Week 2 NSW WHS Act & Australian/New Zealand Standards

NSW WHS Act 2011 AS/NZS 4801:2001 & 4804:2001 Summary of your ideas/expectations Assignment 1
Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering
DEFINITION
World Health Organisation (1995):
"Occupational health should aim at:
the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well being of workers in all occupations the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job."
INTRODUCTION NATIONAL
Australian Safety and Compensation Council Leads and coordinates Australia's national effort to:
promote best practice in occupational health and safety (OHS or WHS) improve workers' compensation arrangements improve rehabilitation and return to work of injured workers
Role is to:
develop national occupational health and safety (OHS) and workers' compensation policy encourage policy discussion and research promote consistency in legislation developed by states and territories
[Source: Australian Safety & Compensation Council http://www.ascc.gov.au/]
[Source: Wikipedia.]
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INTRODUCTION NSW LEGISLATION

NSW Occupational Health & Safety Legislation aims to ensure the workplace is free of hazards for employers, employees and visitors. Legislation consists of two parts:
Act (Work Health and Safety Act 2011):
The Work Health and Safety Act 2011 sets out the legal obligations that must be complied with to provide for the health and safety of workers
Source: http://smallbusiness.workcover.nsw.gov.au/New-Legislation/Pages/default.aspx
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
An act or Statute is law made by parliament, enforced by government departments Regulations support Acts by giving more detail into how the Act is to be implemented Codes of practice give general advice on ways to comply with Acts and Regulations Standards may be developed by governments, trade unions, industry groups National Standards are produced by the Australian Safety and Compensation council. Australian Standards are produced by Standards Australia, a nongovernment organisation. Standards are only enforceable by law when specifically referenced by a State/Territory health and safety regulation
[Source: Australian Safety & Compensation Council Safe Design for Engineering Students]
Accompanying Regulation (Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011)

The Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (WHS Regulation) expands on the requirements of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 by providing details on how certain sections of the Act are to be implemented.
Source: http://smallbusiness.workcover.nsw.gov.au/New-Legislation/Pages/default.aspx
Legislation applies to all workplaces in the State of NSW and covers employers, selfemployed, employees and all other people who may legally be in the workplace (visitors, contractors, tradesmen, general public etc).
Codes of Practice
http://smallbusiness.workcover.nsw.gov.au/Tools-andGuides/Pages/default.aspx
INTRODUCTION NSW LEGISLATION

The objects (Part 1.2.3 p2) of the NSW Work Health and Safety Act are to:
provide a balanced and nationally consistent framework to secure the health and safety of workers and workplaces Provide fair and effective workplace representation Encourage unions and employer associations to take an active role Promote provision of advice, information & training Secure compliance through enforcement measures Ensure scrutiny and review of actions of people performing roles under the Act Provide framework for continuous improvement Improving national harmonisation of WHS laws
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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF LEGISLATION SUMMARY

Risk management style approach:
Identify risks, Control the risks, Review effectiveness of controls.
RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO WORKPLACE SAFETY

AS/NZS 4801:2001 & 4804 describe Australian standard for occupational health and safety management systems. Australian legislation adopts a risk management approach, incorporating a hierarchical order of control method. Organizations are expected to develop and implement control actions which, wherever possible, eliminate hazards or isolate people from hazards. Following AS/NZS 4801 & 4804 will ensure workplace is following the recommended procedures to make a safe work environment. Compliance with these standards MAY NOT necessarily meet OHS legal obligations
Employer is required to consult employees during all stages of the risk management process. Employer is responsible for OHS in workplace & implementation of appropriate safety precautions etc. Employer is responsible for establishing and maintaining an effective safety management system (SMS) Employee is responsible for helping identify hazards, conducting their work in a safe manner using appropriate safety equipment.
AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

4. 1 General Requirements
Organizations shall establish and maintain an OHSMS

4.3 Planning
4.3.1 Planning identification of hazards, hazard/risk assessment and control of hazards/risks
Establish, implement and document procedures for hazard identification, hazard/risk assessment and control mechanisms
4.2 OHS Policy

Policy must exist, authorized by top management Clearly states overall OHS objectives and demonstrates a commitment to improving OHS performance Establish measureable objectives to ensure continued improvement Be documented, implemented and communicated to all employees Be periodically reviewed
4.3.2 Legal and other requirements

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to identify and access all legal requirements applicable to OHS issues. Information must be kept up to date and communicated to employees
4.3.3 Objectives and targets

Establish, implement and maintain documented OHS objectives and targets
4.3.4 OHS management plans

Establish and maintain management plans to achieve objectives and targets Designation of responsibility for achievement of targets and outline the means and timeframes by which they will be achieved
Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering
8/15/2013

4.4 Implementation 4.4.1 Structure and responsibility 4.4.1.1 Resources
Resources need to be identified and supplied to support the OHSMS
4.4.1.2 Responsibility and accountability

Define, document and communicate areas of accountability and responsibility to employees, including contractors
4.4.2 Training and competency

Identify training needs through employee consultation, keep records of training Ensure employees and contractors only perform tasks they have trained for Training shall be carried out by persons with appropriate education, skills and experience

4.4.3 Consultation, communication and reporting 4.4.3.1 Consultation
Documented procedures, agreed by all employees for employee involvement and consultation in OHS matters Employees shall; be consulted during the risk identification process or during changes to work methods, select those who will represent them

4.4.4 Documentation
Establish, implement and maintain information in suitable mediums that describe the OHSMS and provide direction to related information
4.4.5 Document and data control

Establish procedures to ensure data is; readily located, periodically reviewed and revised, removed if obsolete, archived as required Data must be legible, dated (plus revisions), readily identifiable and maintained in an orderly manner Procedures and responsibilities established and maintained with regards to the creation and modification of documents and data.
4.4.3.2 Communication
All pertinent OHS information to be communicated to employees
4.4.3.3 Reporting
Procedures developed to ensure timely reporting of; OHS performance (audits, review results), incidents and system failures, hazard identification/assessment, preventive and corrective actions
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4.4.6 Hazard identification, hazard/risk assessment and control of hazards/risks 4.4.6.1 General
Establish, implement and maintain documented procedures related to: Hazard identification; Hazard/risk assessment; Control of hazards/risks; and Continual evaluation of above three steps.

4.4.6.2 Hazard identification
The identification of hazards in the workplace shall consider: Situation or events that has the potential to cause injury/illness; The nature of the injury/illness, Past injuries, incidents (including near misses) and illnesses; Work procedures and any changes; Design of workplaces, processes, material, plant and equipment; Fabrication, installation, commissioning, handling and disposal of materials, workplaces, plant and equipment; Purchasing of goods and services; Contracting and subcontracting of plant, equipment, services and labour; The inspection, maintenance, testing repair and replacement of plant and equipment.

4.4.6.3 Hazard/risk assessment
Risks are assessed and have control priorities assigned, based on the established level of risk

4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and response
All potential emergency situations must be identified and emergency procedures documented for preventing and mitigating foreseeable possible illness/injuries Review and revise these procedures as required, particularly after the occurrence of incidents or an emergency situation Procedures must be periodically tested for effectiveness (if possible).
4.4.6.4 Control of hazards/risks

All risks, identified through the assessment process as requiring control, shall be controlled via an order of control methods or hierarchy. Elimination is the first control method to be considered and the preferred option.
4.4.6.5 Evaluation
Processes of hazard identification, hazard/risk assessment and control procedures are to be continually evaluated for effectiveness and modified as needed.
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4.5.1 Measurement and evaluation 4.5.1.1 General
Establish, implement and maintain documented procedures to monitor and measure key characteristics of operations and activities that can cause illness or injury Equipment required will be identified, maintained, calibrated and stored as necessary

4.5.2 Incident investigation, corrective and preventive action
Establish, implement and maintain procedures for: Investigating, responding to and taking action to minimize any harm caused by incidents; Investigating and responding to system failures; Initiating and completing appropriate corrective and preventive actions Any changes to OHSMS resulting from incidents are to be recorded.
4.5.1.2 Health Surveillance

Identify situation where employee health surveillance is required and implement appropriate systems Employees will have access to their own individual results Where specified by legislation, health of employees exposed to specific hazards shall be monitored and recorded.
4.5.3 Records and record management

OHS records must be legible, identifiable, traceable to the activity, product or service involved. Records must be stored safely and protected from damage and deterioration.

4.5.4 OHSMS Audit
Audit program is to be implemented in order to: Determine whether the OHSMS conforms to planned arrangements, including requirements of AS/NZS 4801:2001 Has been properly implemented and maintained Is effective in meeting organizations OHS policy as well as objectives and targets for continual improvement
4.6 Management review

Top management should periodically review the OHSMS, to ensure its continuing suitability, effectiveness and adequacy, in light of; OHSMS audit results, changing circumstances and the commitment to continual improvement.
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SAFETY SIGNAGE
Signage can be used to warn of hazards in workplace. Easily becomes wallpaper and not effective.
SAFETY SIGNAGE
EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES
Implement system to identify new and existing hazards in the workplace. Assess the risk associated with identified hazards, and then determine reasonably practical methods to eliminate or control the risk. Review risk assessments and control measures. Provide supervision, instruction, training & information. Provide & maintain personal protective equipment. Plan and provide for emergencies. Provide amenities, first aid facilities and trained personnel. Employers must not require employees to pay for anything done or provided to meet specific requirements made under the OHS act or regulation. [Source: Summary of the OHS Regulation, 2001, Workcover NSW.]
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES
Employees can help identify hazards and associated risks. Employees must take reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves and others. Employees must cooperate with employers in their efforts to comply with OHS requirements. All persons in a workplace must not:
Interfere with or misuse equipment, Obstruct attempts to give aid or prevent serious risk, Refuse reasonable requests for assistance in giving aid or helping to prevent a risk to health and safety of others, Disrupt workplace by creating health and safety fears.
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EMPLOYEE CONSULTATION
Employers are required to inform and consult employees to enable the employees to contribute to the making of decisions affecting their health, safety and welfare at work. Consultation is required when:
Undertaking risk assessment, Introducing risk elimination/control procedures, Changing work systems or practices, Purchasing new plant equipment or materials.
CERTIFICATIONS AND COMPENTENCIES

Certain areas of work are termed scheduled work and must be undertaken by people holding certificates of competencies (tickets) for that work. Areas of scheduled work include (not limited to):
Scaffolding, Operation of cranes or hoists, Operation of boilers, steam turbines and engines, Operation and use of load shifting machines such as forklifts and excavators.
Unlawful to dismiss an employee for being a representative, committee member, or for performing duties under the act.
WORK PREMISES AND WORK ENVIRONMENT

Includes all places of work, indoors outdoors, mobile etc. Employer is required to identify and control risks associated with;
Workspace, lighting, heat and cold, noise, the atmosphere (dust, fumes, vapours, gas etc), fire and explosion, confined spaces, falling objects, manual handling, safe working of electrical equipment and working at heights.
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PLANT: DESIGN, MANUFACTURE & USE

Plant is a term used for all machinery, tools, appliances and equipment used in the workplace Designer of plant equipment is required to:
Identify foreseeable hazards, assess and control risks, specify any procedures or operator competencies requires for use.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Specific risk control measures for the manufacture, supply and use of hazardous materials. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are prepared by manufacturer, include information on the; recommended use, physical and chemical properties of the material, relevant health hazard information, precautions to be used when handling and using the substance. Hazard warning labels made by manufacturer, include names of all ingredients in the hazardous substance plus contact details of the manufacturer.
Manufacturer is required to:

Identify and act on any risks introduced during the manufacture process.
Supplier is required to:

Implement similar risk assessment and control procedures, keep accurate records of plant equipment sold, leased or hired.
HAZARDOUS PROCESSES
Similar risk identification, elimination/control procedures required. Specific requirements for:
Spray painting, abrasive blasting, welding, electroplating and other processes involving cyanide, working with molten metal, lead processes, electrical work and electrical installations (and others).
INCIDENT REPORTING
Employer required to provide notification of accidents to Workcover NSW within 7 days. Incident is Notifiable if:
A person is killed, Person is injured sufficiently to not attend work for > 7 days, A person is ill as a result of a workplace activity and is unable to attend work for > 7 days, Plant equipment or building structure etc is damaged sufficiently to impede safe operation, Uncontrolled fire or explosion, escape of gas, dangerous goods or steam, Exposure to carcinogenic materials
Responsibility of employer to ensure that there is minimal risk of exposure of persons to atmospheric contaminates arising from these hazardous processes. Measures to reduce exposure include:
Substitution of less hazardous processes, improving ventilation, use of personal protective equipment (respirators, clothing, eyewear etc)
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NONDISTURBANCE OCCURENCES
If an accident or incident results in the death of a person at the workplace, the occupier of the place of work must not disturb the place (radius of 4 metres) or associated plant equipment for a period of 36 hours. Other (non fatal) situations that can be classed as nondisturbance occurrences include:
Amputation of a limb, Placing of a person on lifesupport systems, Uncontrolled escape of gas, steam, Uncontrolled explosion or fire, Entrapment of a person in machinery or a confined space, Collapse of an excavation, Serious burn injuries.
Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering
CONCLUSION
NSW Work Health & Safety Legislation aims to ensure the workplace is free of hazards for employers, employees and visitors. Work Health and Safety issues are of concern for everyone involved with a place of work; employers, employees, contractors, visitors, tradesmen, general public etc. The 2011 WHS Act lays down general requirements for health, safety and welfare of people, which must be met at all places of work within NSW.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NSW WHS Act 2011 No. 10. NSW WHS Regulation 2011 No. 674. USYD OHSIM Website: www.usyd.edu.au/ohs Workcover Authority NSW: www.workcover.nsw.gov.au Australian Safety & Compensation Council http://www.ascc.gov.au Australia/New Zealand Standard 4801:2001, Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Specification with guidance for use Australia/New Zealand Standard 4804:2001, Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems General guidelines on systems, principles and supporting techniques Australia/New Zealand Standard HB2052004, OHS Risk Management Handbook ASCC (2006) Safe Design for Engineering Students
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8/15/2013

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

Week 3 NSW WHS Act & Australian/New Zealand Standards

Week 2 NSW WHS Act & Australian/New Zealand Standards

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

INTRODUCTION NSW LEGISLATION

Accompanying Regulation (Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011)

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

INTRODUCTION NSW LEGISLATION

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF LEGISLATION SUMMARY

RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO WORKPLACE SAFETY

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

4.2 OHS Policy

4.3.2 Legal and other requirements

4.3.3 Objectives and targets

4.3.4 OHS management plans

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

4.4.1.2 Responsibility and accountability

4.4.2 Training and competency

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

4.4.5 Document and data control

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

AS/NZS 4801:2001 OHSMS Requirements

4.4.6.4 Control of hazards/risks

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

Dr. Rod Fiford School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis

ENGG5103 Safety Systems & Risk Analysis