P3 Instruction Manual

Model P3 Strain Indicator And Recorder
Instruction Manual
Micro-Measurements
Division of Vishay Precision Group P.O. Box 27777 Raleigh, NC 27611 USA Telephone: (919) 365-3800 Facsimile: (919) 365-3945
micro-measurements@vishaypg.com
January 2013 130-000109
Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................ II 1 DESCRIPTION ................................................................ 2 1.1 1.2 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 GENERAL ................................................................. 2 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES ..................................... 3 INPUT CONNECTIONS .................................................. 4 BRIDGE CONFIGURATIONS .......................................... 4 DISPLAY ...................................................................... 4 DATA CONVERSION..................................................... 5 MEASUREMENT RANGE/RESOLUTION ......................... 5 MEASUREMENT ACCURACY ........................................ 5 GAGE FACTOR CONTROL ............................................ 5 BALANCE CONTROL .................................................... 5 BRIDGE EXCITATION ................................................... 6 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE ..................................... 6 DATA STORAGE .......................................................... 6 SHUNT CALIBRATION .................................................. 6 ANALOG OUTPUT ........................................................ 7 POWER ........................................................................ 7 OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT .................................... 7 CASE ........................................................................... 7 SIZE & WEIGHT........................................................... 7 USB INTERFACE ......................................................... 9 MEMORY CARD SLOT ................................................. 9 INPUT CONNECTORS .................................................. 10 LCD DISPLAY ........................................................... 10 KEYPAD .................................................................... 10 POWER CONNECTOR ................................................. 10
SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................... 4
FRONT PANEL ............................................................... 8

Instruction Manual
3.7 4 ANALOG OUTPUT CONNECTOR ................................. 10 OPERATION ................................................................. 11 4.1 GETTING STARTED .................................................... 11 4.2 POWER UP ................................................................. 11 4.3 INPUT CONNECTIONS ................................................ 12 4.3.1 Quarter Bridge Connections................................. 12 4.3.2 Half Bridge Connections ...................................... 13 4.3.3 Full Bridges and Transducers............................... 13 4.3.4 Transducer Input Connector Option..................... 15 4.4 OPERATIONAL MODES .............................................. 18 4.4.1 Run Mode Operation ............................................ 18 4.4.2 Command Mode Operation .................................. 23 4.5 MENU COMMANDS .................................................... 24 4.5.1 Main Menu ........................................................... 24 4.5.2 Select Channels Menu .......................................... 25 4.5.3 Bridge Type Menu ............................................... 26 4.5.4 Gage Factor/Scaling Menu ................................... 29 4.5.5 Recording Menu ................................................... 33 4.5.6 Balance Mode Menu ............................................ 35 4.5.7 Shunt Calibration Menu ....................................... 37 4.5.8 Options Menu ....................................................... 38 4.5.9 Display Options Menu ......................................... 39 4.5.10 Output Options Menu....................................... 41 4.5.11 Save Setup Option ............................................ 42 4.5.12 Clock Options .................................................. 42 4.5.13 Advanced Options Menu.................................. 44 4.5.14 Calibrate System .............................................. 44 4.5.15 Erase Memory Card ......................................... 48 4.5.16 Poissons Ratio ................................................. 49 4.5.17 Factory Defaults ............................................... 49 4.5.18 Version ............................................................. 49 5 BATTERY REPLACEMENT ...................................... 50

Instruction Manual
6 SOFTWARE OPERATION.......................................... 52 6.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................ 52 6.2 CONNECTING THE P3(S) TO THE PC........................... 52 6.3 APPLICATION STARTUP ............................................. 53 6.4 SCREEN MANAGEMENT ............................................. 54 6.5 CONTROL SCREEN ..................................................... 54 6.6 MONITOR SCREEN ..................................................... 54 6.6.1 Identify a P3 ......................................................... 55 6.6.2 Peak Values .......................................................... 55 6.7 CHANNEL CONFIGURATION ....................................... 57 6.7.1 Channel Name ...................................................... 58 6.7.2 Bridge Type.......................................................... 58 6.7.3 Number of Decimal Places to Display ................. 61 6.7.4 Scaling .................................................................. 61 6.7.5 Balance (Zero) ...................................................... 62 6.8 SAVING AND RECALLING SETTINGS (PC) .................. 64 6.9 SAVING SETTINGS TO THE P3 .................................... 64 6.10 CHANNEL READINGS ADJUSTMENTS ......................... 65 6.10.1 Reset (Set to Default) ....................................... 65 6.10.2 Excitation Output & Noise Rejection Settings 65 6.10.3 Format Offscale Value ..................................... 66 6.10.4 Poissons Ratio ................................................. 66 6.11 P3 DISPLAY OPTIONS ................................................ 67 6.12 P3 OUTPUT SETTINGS ............................................... 67 6.13 CHARTING ................................................................. 68 6.13.1 Charting Controls ............................................. 68 6.13.2 Charting Colors ................................................ 69 6.14 RECORDING TO THE PC ............................................. 69 6.14.1 Setting up the Data File .................................... 69 6.14.2 Data File Format .............................................. 70 6.15 RECORDING TO THE P3 .............................................. 72 6.16 READING DATA FROM THE P3 ................................... 73 6.17 CALIBRATION ............................................................ 74

Instruction Manual
6.17.1 Shunt Calibration ............................................. 74 6.17.2 System Calibration Software............................ 75 6.17.3 Required Instruments ....................................... 75 6.18 PROGRAM MESSAGES................................................ 82 6.19 UPGRADING FIRMWARE ............................................ 82

Instruction Manual
-1-

Instruction Manual
1 DESCRIPTION
1.1 GENERAL
The Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder is a portable, battery powered precision instrument for use with resistive strain gages and strain-gage-based transducers. The Model P3 accepts full- half- and quarter-bridge inputs; all required bridge completion components for 120-, 350-, and 1000-ohm bridges are supplied. The Model P3 utilizes tool-free input connections, and is dust and moisture-resistant. Operation of the Model P3 is straightforward and intuitive, using menu-driven commands, and can be controlled by either the front panel keypad or remotely via a USB connection. The Model P3 utilizes modern digital signal processing technology to provide excellent noise rejection and stability. Proprietary scaling and linearization algorithms provide unsurpassed measurement accuracy for strain gage bridge measurements. Data may be stored on industry-standard secure digital (SD) and multimedia (MMC) cards or streamed to a PC using the onboard USB interface.
-2-

Instruction Manual
1.2
FUNCTIONAL FEATURES
The Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder has the following features: Four input channels. Direct-reading, backlit LCD display. Data storage using MMC/SD cards. Hardware and software support for quarter-, halfand full-bridge circuits. Built-in precision bridge completion for 120-, 350and 1000-ohm half and quarter bridges. Automatic and manual zero-balance and calibration. Intuitive, menu-driven operations. Full control of all functions via USB Interface. Selectable analog output. Portable, lightweight and rugged design. Battery, USB, or line-voltage power. Intuitive, user-friendly software.
-3-

Instruction Manual
2 SPECIFICATIONS
Note: Performance may be degraded at high levels of repetitive electrostatic discharge; however, no damage to the unit will occur.
2.1
Input Connections
Type: Tool-free eccentric lever release Quantity: Four Wire size: 16 to 28 AWG [1.29 to 0.31mm ] Transducer Connector Option: 10 pin bayonet locking circular connectors are supplied wired parallel to the terminal blocks. The supplied mating connector has a .046 inch (1.17 mm) diameter. solder well.
2.2
Bridge Configurations
Types: Quarter-, half-, and full bridges Bridge Impedance: 60 to 2000 Internal Bridge Completion: Quarter bridge: 120, 350 and 1000 0.01% Half bridge: 1000 0.01%
2.3
Display
Type: 128 x 64 pixel FSTN positive, gray transflective LCD with backlight Update rate: 2 updates/second typ.
-4-

Instruction Manual
2.4
Data Conversion
A/D Converter: Delta-sigma with integral chopperstabilized programmable gain instrumentation amplifier Resolution: 24 bits. Noise-free resolution: 18 bits typ. Analog output mode rate: 480 samples/sec. Filter: Integrated linear phase FIR Sinc5 filter followed by a Sinc3 filter with a programmable decimation rate. Software selectable output rate provides >120 dB rejection of 50 or 60Hz and higher level harmonics.
2.5
Measurement Range/Resolution
Strain Range: 31,000 at GF = 2.000. (15.5 mV/V) Resolution: 1 at GF = 2.000 (0.0005 mV/V)
2.6
Measurement Accuracy
0.1% of reading 3 counts. (Analog output disabled, instrument Gage Factor = 2.000)
2.7 2.8
Gage Factor Control

Range: 0.500 to 9.900
Balance Control
Type: Software Control: Manual or automatic
-5-

Instruction Manual
2.9
Bridge Excitation
Value: 1.5 VDC nominal Control: Software enable/disable Measurements are fully ratiometric, and not degraded by variations in excitation voltage
2.10 Communication Interface

Universal serial bus (USB). Cable included
2.11 Data Storage

Type: Removable MMC/SD (supplied). Size: 2GB maximum Recording rate: Software-selectable from 1 reading per second to 1 reading per hour
2.12 Shunt Calibration

Location: Across bridge completion resistors Control: Software Values: P- to D120: 11.94K 0.1% (5000 at GF = 2.00) P- to D350: 34.8K 0.1% (5000 at GF = 2.00) P- to D1000: 99.5K 0.1% (5000 at GF = 2.00) Remote calibration: Switch contacts at input terminal block
-6-

Instruction Manual
2.13 Analog Output

Value: 0 to 2.5V nominal Ranges: 310 , 3100 , 31000 (1.183V change) Typical error: 0.5% of full-scale voltage Maximum error: 1.4% of full-scale voltage Update rate: 480 samples/sec Output Load: 2000 Connector: BNC
2.14 Power
Battery: Two Alkaline "D" cells Battery life: 400 hours typ. AC Adapter: 6-15VDC 100mA USB: 5V 100mA
2.15 Operational Environment

Temperature: 0 to +50C Humidity: Up to 90% RH. Non-condensing
2.16 Case
Material: Aluminum Accessories: Two rubber grommets installed in the lid allow leadwires to enter the case with the lid closed for increased resistance to water splash
2.17 Size & Weight

Size: 9 x 6 x 6 in (228 x 152 x 152 mm) Weight: 4.4 lb (2.0 kg), including batteries
-7-

Instruction Manual
3 FRONT PANEL
USB Interface Memory Card Slot Input Terminals
LCD Display
Keypad
Power Connector
Analog Output Connector
-8-

Instruction Manual
3.1
USB Interface
The USB interface is the communication channel between the P3 and a host PC. All front panel controls (except the system calibration option) are accessible via the USB interface. When connected, the PC (running Windows 98, 2000, or XP) will identify the Model P3 as a standard USB Human Interface Device, therefore, no special device drivers are required to communicate with the device. The Model P3 is supplied with user-friendly Windows-based application software which provides complete control of the Model P3. In addition, an ActiveX control is supplied to simplify the development of user-defined applications. The Model P3 can also operate as a stand-alone system, without being connected to the USB interface. In the stand alone configuration, all functions are controlled by the keypad.
3.2
Memory Card Slot
The memory card slot accommodates industry-standard multimedia (MMC) and Secure Digital (SD) cards. Data can be recorded to the MMC by selecting the appropriate recording options. The multimedia card supports FAT16 or FAT12formatted cards, such as the one supplied with the unit. SD cards up to 2GB are supported
-9-

Instruction Manual
Recorded can be either uploaded to a PC using the on-board USB interface and the supplied software, or by using an industry standard Card reader.
3.3
Input Connectors
The input connectors connect the strain gage or transducer to the Model P3. To attach a wire to the input connector, simply lift the eccentric lever, insert the wire into the terminal opening, and lower the eccentric lever. Note: You should always tin stranded wires before insertion into the input connector
3.4
LCD Display
The LCD display provides the visual interface to control, setup, and monitor the P3.
3.5
Keypad
The keypad is a membrane-switch type. Functionality of the keys is described in the Operation section.
3.6 3.7
Power Connector Analog Output Connector
The power jack accepts a 6 to 15V DC source (0.1A max). The analog output jack provides a 0-2.5 volt output signal that corresponds to the displayed value. The output range is userselectable.
- 10 -

Instruction Manual
4 OPERATION
4.1 Getting Started
The Model P3 is designed for ease of use. This section describes the operation of the Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder.
4.2
Power Up
The Model P3 is ready to use as received. The unit is shipped with two D cells pre-installed. The Model P3 has three sources of power: Battery, USB or AC adapter. If more than one power supply is present, the power source is determined in the following order: (1) USB, (2) AC Adaptor, and (3) battery. If the Model P3 is using USB or the AC adaptor, the system will always remain on as long as power is supplied. If the Model P3 is using the USB or AC adapter as the power source, an "x" is displayed on the lower right corner of the LCD display, indicating the unit is running on external power. If the system is running on battery power, the x is replaced by a battery strength indicator. If no external supply is detected, the system must be turned on by pressing the Power key, .
When the unit is powered up, the firmware is loaded into the DSP. During this time an audible beep will be heard, indicating the unit is booting. After approximately two seconds, the beep tone will cease, unit will display the opening screen.
- 11 -

Instruction Manual
4.3
Input Connections
Strain gages and strain gage-based transducers are connected to the P3 through the input terminals. The P3 can accommodate up to four input channels, labeled 1 through 4. To connect the leadwire to the input terminal, lift the black arm of the desired terminal, insert the leadwire all the way into the terminal, and carefully lower the arm to clamp the wire to the terminal. Connections can be made whether the unit is on or off. For connection information to the optional transducer connectors, see the Transducer Input Connector Option section 4.3.1 Quarter Bridge Connections The following configuration illustrates the connections for making a three-wire quarter bridge connection:
P+ S- D D D P- S+
120 350 1K
Select the dummy terminal (D120, D350, or D1K) to correspond with the nominal resistance of the strain gage.
- 12 -

Instruction Manual
4.3.2 Half Bridge Connections The following figure illustrates the connections for making a three-wire half-bridge connection.
P+ S- D D D P- S+
120 350 1K
4.3.3 Full Bridges and Transducers The following figure illustrates the connections for making a full-bridge connection:
P+
S-
D
120
D
350
D
1K
P- S+
E XT E RN A L CA L C IR C UIT
- 13 -

Instruction Manual
In addition to bridge wiring, a switch closure is provided for an external shunt calibration resistor. This feature will normally be used to implement shunt calibration of the transducer according to the transducer manufacturers recommendation. The transducer manufacturer will generally specify exactly how a specific value of shunt calibration resistor is to be connected. In some cases, the manufacturer may also supply leadwires, integral to the transducer assembly, which are used for this purpose. In any case, the transducer manufacturers recommendations should be followed.
- 14 -

Instruction Manual
4.3.4 Transducer Input Connector Option
Model P3 with Transducer Connectors
The input connectors connect the strain gage or transducer to the Model P3. To attach a wire to the input connector, simply lift the eccentric lever, insert the wire into the terminal opening, and lower the eccentric lever. Additionally, 10 pin bayonet locking circular connectors are supplied wired parallel to the front panel terminal blocks. The supplied mating connector has - 15 -

Instruction Manual
a .046 inch (1.17 mm) diameter solder well. Each channel uses a separate (and interchangeable) input plug. Four loose plugs are supplied with each P3 (one per channel). Wiring connections are defined as follows:
Symbol P+ PS+ SD120 D350 D1K Rcal1 Rcal2 GND
Function Excitation Positive Excitation Negative Positive Signal Input Negative Signal Input 120 ohm Dummy Resistor 350 ohm Dummy Resistor 1000 ohm Dummy Resistor Rcal Switch Terminal 1 Rcal Switch Terminal 2 Common Reference
Pin B C D A J K E G H F
Transducer Input Plug Pin Wiring Connections
If additional plugs are desired, they are available from MicroMeasurements or through electronic parts distributors.
Micro-Measurements 12X300515 ITT/Cannon KPT06B12-10P Amphenol PT06A-12-10P(SR)
- 16 -

Instruction Manual
The P3 uses the same transducer connector as the Model P3500. The following chart shows the wiring differences between the Model P3 and the Model P3500. Symbol P+ RS+ PRS+ S+ SD120 D350 D1K Rcal1 Rcal2 GND Function Excitation Positive Remote Sense Positive Excitation Negative Remote Sense Negative Positive Signal Input Negative Signal Input 120 ohm Dummy Resistor 350 ohm Dummy Resistor 1000 ohm Dummy Resistor Rcal Switch Terminal 1 Rcal Switch Terminal 2 Common Reference P3 B C D A J K E G H F P3500 B J C K D A
G H F
Model P3/Model 3500 Transducer Input Plug Pin Wiring Comparison
- 17 -

Instruction Manual
4.4
Operational Modes
The Model P3 has two operational modes: the run mode and the command mode. 4.4.1 Run Mode Operation In the run mode, the display is divided into four quadrants (one for each channel), along with a status line on the bottom of the display.
Ch1
Ch2
+01000 +00216
Ch3
Ch4
CAL OFF
+00524 +00914
REC OFF
- 18 -

Instruction Manual
4.4.1.1 Display Pause While in the run mode, the display can be paused (for example, to make a handwritten record of the current data). To pause the display, press the key.
Ch1
Ch2
+01000 +00216
Ch3
Paused ->Resume Ch4
+00524 +00914
REC OFF CAL OFF
Note: While in the pause mode, recording to the MMC is also suspended. To resume to normal operation, press the key. 4.4.1.2 Peak Read In addition, the Model P3 can be used as a peak hold indicator. The peak hold function is accessed by using the keys. and arrow
Pressing the key will update the display if a value larger than the currently displayed value is measured. Ch1 Ch2
+01000 +00216
Max Peak =Reset Ch3 Ch4
- 19 -

Instruction Manual
+00524 +00914
REC OFF CAL OFF
To reset the peak display, press the (tracking) mode, press

MENU
. To return to the normal
Pressing the key will update the display if a value smaller than the currently displayed value is measured.
Ch1
Ch2
+01000 +00216
Min Peak =Reset Ch3 Ch4
+00524 +00914
REC OFF CAL OFF
To reset the peak display, press the normal (tracking) mode, press
MENU
key. To return to the
4.4.1.3 Shunt Calibration The shunt calibration switch may be toggled while in the run mode by pressing the cal key. When activated, a precision shunt resistor is placed between the P- and the appropriate dummy (Dxxx) resistor, additionally, the Remote Cal switch closed. The internal shunt calibration resistors simulate an equivalent strain of 5000 microstrain at a gage factor of 2.000.
- 20 -

Instruction Manual
The lower right of the screen indicates whether the calibration switch is active (CAL ON) or inactive (CAL OFF).
- 21 -

Instruction Manual
4.4.1.4 Auto Balance If any active channels are configured to use the auto balance mode, pressing the BAL key will initiate the auto balance sequence. The auto balance sequence requires confirmation to avoid unintentional rebalance of the signal.
Ready to Auto Balance [BAL] = Balance [MENU] = Cancel
To start the auto-balance sequence, press the BAL

MENU
key. To
cancel, press the key. Once the balance sequence is completed, the user is given the option to save the settings to the flash memory. To save the settings, press the key. In addition to saving the newly acquired balance readings, all setup information is saved (identical to the Options|Save Setup function). Press the tings.
MENU
key to continue without saving the set-
Save Settings? [REC] = Save [MENU] = Dont save
- 22 -

Instruction Manual
4.4.1.5 Manual Recording If the recording mode is selected as "Manual" recording, pressing the Record Multimedia card.
Ch1
key will transfer the current readings to the
Ch2
+01000 +00216
Ch3
Ch4
CAL OFF
+00524 +00914
MAN REC 1
The total number of records in the currently open file will be indicated next to the MAN REC indicator on the bottom of the LCD. 4.4.1.6 Backlight While in the run mode, pressing the Backlight key will illuminate the backlight for the duration specified in the backlight options menu. 4.4.2 Command Mode Operation The command mode is entered when the user is in the run mode
1 2 4
and the , , , , key is pressed, or the is pressed when the record mode is off.
3
MENU
key
- 23 -

Instruction Manual
Pressing the Menu section 4.5.1).
MENU
key will display the Main Menu (see

1 2 4 3
Pressing the Select Channels channels menu (section 4.5.2). Pressing the Bridge Type Type Menu (section 4.5.3).
key will display the select key will display the Bridge
K
Pressing the Gage Factor/Scaling key will display the Gage Factor/Scaling Menu (section 4.5.4).
4.5
Menu Commands
4.5.1 Main Menu The Main menu is displayed when the key is pressed while in the run mode. When the main menu appears, all measurement activity is suspended. Use the and arrow keys to highlight the desired menu item. Choose the desired item by pressing the
MENU
MENU
key. ** MAIN MENU ** Select Channels Bridge Type Gage Factor/Scaling Recording Balance Shunt Calibration Options
The following table briefly describes the menu items and the section of this manual associated with the item.
- 24 -

Instruction Manual
Menu Item Select Channels Bridge Type Section 4.5.2 Description Displays the Select Channels Menu. This menu is used to enable/disable each channel Displays the Bridge Type Menu. This menu allows the user to select the type of bridge that is connected to each selected channel Displays the Gage Factor/Scaling Menu Displays the Recording Menu Displays the Balance Menu Displays the Shunt Calibration Menu Displays the Options Menu
4.5.3
Gage Factor / Scaling Recording Balance Shunt Calibration Options
4.5.4 4.5.5 4.5.6 4.5.7 0
4.5.2 Select Channels Menu The Select Channels menu is used to activate or deactivate each channel. If a channel is activated, the channel will accept inputs and the measured value will be displayed while in the run mode. A channel must be activated in order to be recorded, shunt calibrated, or balanced. In order to activate/deactivate a channel, use the and keys to highlight the desired channel. Toggle
MENU
the selection by using the and keys. Press the to return to the run mode. * SELECT CHANNELS * Chan 1: Active Chan 2: Active Chan 3: Active Chan 4: Active Toggle Menu=Exit
key
- 25 -

Instruction Manual
This menu can be directly accessed while in the run mode or the
1 2 4
command mode by pressing the
key.
4.5.3 Bridge Type Menu The Bridge Type menu selects the type of bridge connected to the selected channel. The bridge type menu is accessible from the main menu, or by pressing the key. The bridge type determines whether the internal half bridge is used, and also determines the appropriate scaling/linearization algorithm based upon the bridge type selected. * Ch Ch Ch Ch BRIDGE TYPE * 1: Undef HB/QB 2: Undef HB/QB 3: Undef HB/QB 4: Undef HB/QB Menu=Exit
Toggle
The table below summarizes the meaning of the provided bridge types. For more information on the calculations used by the Model P3, please contact our Applications Engineering Department at: micro-measurements@vishaypg.com. The following bridge configuration examples assume that the raw strain data is to be reduced to equivalent uniaxial strain with the nonlinearity correction applied where appropriate.
- 26 -

Instruction Manual
The "Undef" bridge, either HB/QB or FB, is selected when the net output of the active strain gages without mathematical correction for either Bridge configuration or nonlinearity applied is desired.
Display
Bridge Diagram
Description
Quarter
Single active gage in uniaxial tension or compression.
HB adj ,-
Two active gages with equal and opposite strains -- typical of bending-beam arrangement. Two active gages with equal strains of the same sign -- used on opposite sides of column with low thermal gradient (bending cancellation, for instance.) Two active gages with equal and opposite strains aligned with the maximum and minimum principal strains to measure shear strain.
HB opp ,-
HB shear
- 27 -

Instruction Manual
Two active gages in uniaxial stress field-one aligned with maximum principal strain, the other with transverse "Poisson" strain. Default Poissons Ratio = 0.3. Four active gages with pairs subjected to equal and opposite strains (beam in bending).
HB adj ,
FB 4 active
FB shear
Four active gages with pairs subjected to equal and opposite strains (shaft in torsion). Four active gages in uniaxial stress field-two aligned with maximum principal strain, the other two with transverse "Poisson" strain (column). Default Poissons Ratio = 0.3. Four active gages in uniaxial stress field two aligned with maximum principal strain, the other two with transverse "Poisson" strain (beam). Default
FB opp
FB adj
- 28 -

Instruction Manual
Poissons Ratio = 0.3. Undefined full bridge circuit. No correction for Wheatstone Bridge nonlinearity or active arms. Undefined half or quarter bridge circuit. No correction for Wheatstone Bridge nonlinearity or active arms.
Undef FB
Undef HB/QB
4.5.4 Gage Factor/Scaling Menu The Gage Factor/Scaling Menu allows the user to scale the input signal to display the measured data in the desired engineering units. The gage factor/scaling menu is accessible from the main menu or by pressing the desired item, use the using the run mode. and and
K
key. In order to highlight the keys. Toggle the selection by

MENU
keys. Press the
key to return to the
Scaling options are determined by the units selected. To change the units, highlight the "Units" menu item and use the and keys to scroll through the provided units. 4.5.4.1 Microstrain Scaling If the selected units are (microstrain), scaling is determined by the gage factor of the sensor.
- 29 -

Instruction Manual
*GAGE FACTOR/SCALING* Chan : 1 Units : Gage Factor : 2.000
To change the gage factor, highlight the "Gage Factor" menu item, and use the and keys to select the desired digit to modify. The digit is changed by using the the The default gage factor is 2.000. and keys.
4.5.4.2 Millivolts per Volt Scaling If the selected units are millivolts per volt (mV/V), no scaling is necessary, since the unit natively measures mV/V. *GAGE FACTOR/SCALING* Chan : 1 Units : mV/V
- 30 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.4.3 Other Engineering Units For convenience, the following other engineering units are provided:
Psi Ksi GPa MPa Pa G Lbf Lb Kg In Mm Mil Rpm M S A N V Ohm Hp Deg Rad Oz m/s2 ton degF degC Pounds per square inch Thousand pounds per square inch Gigapascals Megapascals Pascals Grams or Gs (acceleration) Pounds force Pounds Kilograms Inches Millimeters Mils (1/1000 of an inch) Revolutions per minute Meters Seconds Amps Newtons Volts Ohms Horsepower Degrees Radians Ounces Meters per second ^2 Tons Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Celsius
All of the above units assume linear scaling. In order to properly scale the data, it is necessary to supply the full scale value (in
- 31 -

Instruction Manual
the selected engineering units) and the mV/V output at the full scale value.
*GAGE FACTOR/SCALING* Chan : 1 Units : psi Full Scale : 1 F.S. mV/V : 2.000 Dec. Places : Auto
To change the full scale value, use the and keys to select the desired digit to modify. The digit is changed by using the and keys. The default full scale value is 1.
The full scale value must be an integral value between +99999 and -99999. A full scale value of 0 is not permitted. The default value is 1. The full scale mV/V value must be between +15.625 mV/V and -15.625 mV/V. A value of 0 is not permitted. The default value is 2.000. Note that during manual calibration, the full scale value is fixed, and the full scale mV/V output is changed. It is therefore recommended to set this value at or near the expected full scale value when manually scaling the channel. To change the number of decimal places being displayed, highlight the "Dec. places" menu item and use the and keys to change the value. The range of decimal places is 0-3.
- 32 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.5 Recording Menu The recording menu selects the recording mode and the rate at which data is recorded to the multimedia card (MMC). The recording interval menu can be accessed directly from the main menu by pressing the key.
There are three recording modes: Disabled, Auto, and Manual. Use the and keys to highlight the desired menu item. Toggle the selection by using the and keys. 4.5.5.1 Recording Disabled In the disabled mode, recording will not occur.
* RECORDING * Mode : Disabled
Toggle
Menu=Exit
- 33 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.5.2 Manual Recording In the Manual recording mode, selected channels are recorded whenever the key is pressed.
- 34 -

Instruction Manual
* Mode Chan Chan Chan Chan RECORDING * : Manual 1 : ON 2 : OFF 3 : OFF 4 : OFF Menu=Exit
Toggle
4.5.5.3 Auto Recording In the Auto recording mode, selected channels are recorded at the specified interval. Each channel can be recorded from once per second to once per hour (3600 seconds). When in the Auto record mode, recording will begin when the * Mode Chan Chan Chan Chan RECORDING * : Auto 1 : 1 sec 2 : OFF 3 : OFF 4 : OFF Menu=Exit key is pressed
Toggle
4.5.6 Balance Mode Menu The Balance Mode menu selects the balance mode for each
channel. Use the and keys to select the desired menu item. Change the highlighted selection by using the and keys. There are three modes: Auto, Manual, and Disable.
- 35 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.6.1 Auto Balance Channels using the auto balance mode will automatically be balanced when the key is pressed while in the run mode. The P3 makes a series of measurements and uses the mean value as the balance value. * BALANCE MODE * Chan: 1 Mode: Auto
Toggle Menu=Exit
4.5.6.2 Manual Balance The manual balance mode allows the user to manually adjust the balance. This mode allows the user to introduce an offset in the reading. To adjust the offset, highlight the Adjust Menu item and use the and keys to increase or decrease the measured value. * BALANCE MODE * Chan: 1 Mode: Manual Adjust
- 36 -

Instruction Manual
+00010
Toggle Menu=Exit
4.5.6.3 Disable Balance This mode disables the balance function. Channels using this mode have no correction for balance; however the initial amplifier zero is removed. This mode allows the user to evaluate initial bridge offsets. * BALANCE MODE * Chan: 1 Mode: Disable
Toggle Menu=Exit 4.5.7 Shunt Calibration Menu The Shunt Calibration menu allows the user to adjust the sensitivity of the selected channel (gage factor or full scale value) while a calibration signal is applied. In this menu, the shunt cal switch is closed. Use the and keys to select the desired channel to shunt calibrate. To adjust the calibration, use the and keys to highlight the Adjust menu item. Once selected, the and keys can be used to increase/decrease the sensitivity. SHUNT CALIBRATION Chan: 1 Adjust
- 37 -

Instruction Manual
+05000
4.5.8 Options Menu The Options Menu provides the ability to modify settings not directly related to making measurements. Use the and arrow keys to highlight the desired menu item. Choose the desired item by pressing the
MENU
key.
* OPTIONS MENU * Display Outputs Save Setup Clock Advanced Version Exit
- 38 -

Instruction Manual
The following options are available:
Menu Item Display Outputs Save Setup Clock Advanced Version Exit Section 4.5.9 4.5.10 4.5.11 4.5.12 0 4.5.18 Description Adjusts the backlight and contrast settings Controls the analog output mode Saves the current setup to the Flash memory Adjusts the data/time of the real time clock Advanced options Displays the firmware version of the Model P3 Returns to the Run Mode
4.5.9 Display Options Menu The Display Options menu allows the user to modify the LCD display parameters. Use the and keys to select the desired item. Change the selection by using the and keys. * DISPLAY OPTIONS * Backlight: 5 sec Contrast: Toggle Menu=Exit
- 39 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.9.1 Backlight Adjusts the duration of the backlight while in the run mode. The backlight key
5 sec 15 sec 60 sec Toggle
activates the backlight. Valid options are:

The backlight remains illuminated for approximately 5 seconds. The backlight remains illuminated for approximately 15 seconds. The backlight remains illuminated for approximately 60 seconds. The backlight remains illuminated until the Backlight key is pressed again.
MENU
Note: If the backlight is illuminated while the key is pressed, the backlight will remain illuminated until the P3 returns to the run mode. 4.5.9.2 Contrast The contrast control adjusts the contrast of the LCD display. Temperature variations may make it necessary to adjust the contrast of the LCD for the best viewing experience. Change the selection by using the and keys. A bar graph indicates the amount of contrast.
- 40 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.10 Output Options Menu The Output Options menu chooses the operational mode. The possible modes are Normal, Analog out 1, Analog out 2, Analog out 3, or Analog out 4: * OUTPUT OPTIONS * Excitation: ON Analog Out: Off Rejection : 60Hz Toggle Menu=Exit
4.5.10.1 Excitation ON: Bridge Excitation is applied during the measurement. OFF: Bridge excitation is not applied during the measurement. This provides the ability to identify self-generating noise sources. 4.5.10.2 Analog Out OFF: Data is collected at 0.5 second intervals. From one to 4 channels can be displayed. This mode provides the longest battery life, since excitation is on only during the A/D conversion. Ch1 Ch4: Data is collected at approximately 2ms intervals (480 samples/sec) and the reduced data is available to the analog output connector. This mode significantly decreases battery life, since the A/D converter and excitation is constantly on. Only one channel can be active at a time.
- 41 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.10.3 Rejection The digital filters in the Model P3 can be tuned to optimize the noise rejection from power line frequencies. Choose between 50Hz and 60Hz 4.5.10.4 Out Range The analog output range can be adjusted to provide full scale output range of 31000 (High), 3200 (Normal) or 310 (Low) microstrain at Gage Factor of 2.000. Note that while the output range can be adjusted, the resolution remains unchanged. 4.5.11 Save Setup Option The Save Setup option takes the current instrument settings and stores them on the internal flash memory. When the system is powered on the next time, these settings will be utilized.
4.5.12 Clock Options The Clock Options screen allows the user to set the date and time on the internal real-time clock. The clock is used to time stamp the recorded data. Highlight the desired field by using the
and keys. The highlighted item. and keys change the value of the
* SET DATE/TIME * MM/DD/YY HH:MM:SS 10/17/02 16:47:43 Change Field Change Value
- 42 -

Instruction Manual
Menu = Set
- 43 -

Instruction Manual
4.5.13 Advanced Options Menu The Advanced Options menu allows the user to access less frequently used commands. * ADVANCED OPTIONS * Calibrate System Erase MMC Poisson Ratio: 0.30 Factory Defaults Exit
4.5.14 Calibrate System This option allows the user to recalibrate the Model P3. This process requires a Micro-Measurements Model 1550A Strain Indicator Calibrator, or another device with equivalent features and specifications. * ADVANCED OPTIONS * Calibrate System Erase MMC Poisson Ratio: 0.30 Factory Defaults Exit
System calibration is accomplished by making four measurements on each channel (amp zero, zero, positive and negative full scale). Once the measurements are made and the data validated, calibration values for amplifier zero and software gain - 44 -

Instruction Manual
are stored in the internal flash memory. Readings are validated by comparing the measured values with tolerances which are hard coded within the firmware. If the readings fall outside the established tolerances, the system will reject the calibration. Once this menu item is chosen, the following screen is displayed: SYSTEM CALIBRATION Install calibrator On channel 1 now CAL = Calibrate MENU = Exit
Press the
key to begin the calibration process. To cancel

MENU
the calibration operation, press the
key.
NOTE: Once the calibration process is initiated, it must be completed in full; otherwise, the system will lose its calibration information. SYSTEM CALIBRATION Set calibrator to 0 microstrain CAL = Calibrate
- 45 -

Instruction Manual
Connect the Model P3 to a Model 1550A Strain Indicator Calibrator, configured as a full bridge circuit, to channel 1. Set the 1550A to read 0 microstrain, positive polarity, and press the key. The system will make a series of measurements, and evaluate the average readings. If the system determines that the values are not within a reasonable range an error screen will be displayed: Zero measurement Exceeds tolerance Calibration aborted Menu = Exit
The system will then revert back to the previous calibration values. If the readings are within tolerance, the system initiates the next step: SYSTEM CALIBRATION Set calibrator to +30000 microstrain CAL = Calibrate
Set the 1550A calibrator to read 30000 microstrain (positive polarity), and press the key. - 46 -

Instruction Manual
The system will make another series of measurements, validate the readings, and, if valid, will display the next step: SYSTEM CALIBRATION Set calibrator to -30000 microstrain CAL = Calibrate
Set the 1550A calibrator to -30000 (negative polarity), and press the key.
Finally, the system needs to establish a true electrical zero (amp zero).
SYSTEM CALIBRATION Set calibrator to S+/S- short CAL = Calibrate
Short the S+ and S- terminals on the 1550A calibrator and press the key.
- 47 -

Instruction Manual
This process will repeat on the remaining three channels. Once the calibration process is complete, the system will store the new calibration coefficients in the internal flash memory, along with the calibration date. NOTE: The Model P3 is a ratiometric measuring device, so the measurement is not affected by fluctuations in the excitation voltage. It is therefore important to use a Wheatstone Bridgebased calibrator. Other sources, such as a precision voltage reference, are not suitable for calibration purposes. 4.5.15 Erase Memory Card The Erase MMC option erases all files on the memory card. * ADVANCED OPTIONS * Calibrate System Upgrade Firmware Erase Memory Card Poisson Ratio: 0.30 Factory Defaults Exit Top prevent accidental erasure, a confirmation screen is displayed:
Erase Memory Card? REC=Yes Menu=No
Press the key to erase the card. Press the without erasing. - 48 -
MENU
key to abort

Instruction Manual
4.5.16 Poissons Ratio This option allows the user to define Poissons ratio of the material that the strain gage is bonded to. Poissons ratio is used to calculate strain in bridge configurations which are dependent upon Poissons ratio. * ADVANCED OPTIONS * Calibrate System Upgrade Firmware Erase MMC Poisson Ratio: 0.30 Factory Defaults Exit
Use the and keys to increase or decrease this value. The factory default is 0.3. 4.5.17 Factory Defaults This option returns the P3 to its initial factory settings. The settings can be made permanent by pressing the when prompted. record key
4.5.18 Version This option displays the splash screen and the version information. Normal operation resumes after approximately 3 seconds.
- 49 -

Instruction Manual
5 Battery Replacement
When the P3 is operated under battery power, battery condition is indicated by the battery icon, located on the lower right hand corner of the screen in the run mode.
Ch1
Ch2
+01000 +00216
Ch3 Ch4
+00524 +00914
When the battery icon indicates that the battery is low (by replacing the battery icon with "LO" on the lower right corner of the display), the batteries should be changed. To replace the batteries, follow these steps: Determine the location of battery compartment. Newer units have the batteries accessed from the left side of the case. On older units the batteries are accessed from the interior of the case. Follow the following instructions that apply to your unit: Newer Units: 1. Locate battery compartment on left of case. 2. Push on knurled cover and rotate counterclockwise until cover separates from battery compartment. 3. Remove the two "D" cells from the compartment, and replace them with two new alkaline "D" cells. OBSERVE CORRECT POLARITY. 4. Reassemble the unit. 5. Reset the date/time (Options|Clock).
- 50 -

Instruction Manual
Older Units: 1. Remove the four screws located on the bottom of the case with a Phillips head screwdriver and remove the instrument from the case. 2. Remove the two screws from the battery retainer plate using a Phillips head screwdriver. 3. Remove the two "D" cells from the retainer, and replace them with two new alkaline "D" cells. OBSERVE CORRECT POLARITY. 4. Reassemble the unit. 5. Reset the date/time (Options|Clock).
NOTE: If the P3 must remain on during battery replacement, connect a power source to either the Power In jack or the USB connector.
- 51 -
Model P3 Data Acquisition Conditioner

Instruction Manual
6 Software Operation
6.1 Overview
The Model P3 is supplied with application software to configure the P3 and collect data via the USB Interface. The software supports a combination of up to six Model P3 or Model D4 devices, differentiated by serial number. The firmware version of your P3 (or D4) must be 2.50 or greater to work with this application. Use the upgrade firmware feature of your previous application to update the firmware to the latest level.
6.2
Connecting the P3(s) to the PC
Connect the USB interface on the P3 to an open USB port on the PC using the supplied cable. After the P3 goes through its initialization cycle, the PC should recognize the P3 automatically. When multiple P3s or D4s are connected at the same time, it may take the PC several minutes to recognize all units. You may monitor the PCs recognition of each device in the Windows Device Manager. A USB Human Interface Device will appear in the Device Manager for each D4 and P3 connected.
- 52 -

Instruction Manual
6.3
Application Startup
Once the devices are connected to your PC, start the application from Windows by navigating to the following item in the startup menu: Start>>Programs>> Micro-Measurements P3-D4>> P3-D4 Application The application will automatically connect to the devices. Depending on the speed of the PC and the number of devices, this process can take 1-5 minutes. When the software has recognized the devices, the software will display a Monitor Screen for each device connected and one Control Screen that contains the menu bar.
- 53 -

Instruction Manual
Note: Additional devices should not be added while the application software is running. Exit the software before adding or removing devices from the system.
6.4
Screen Management
The Control Screen and Monitor Screens may be moved by clicking and dragging the title bar. A Monitor Screen may be re-sized by clicking and dragging the lower right corner of the screen.
6.5
Control Screen
The control screen gives you access to the main program menu and the recording controls.
6.6
Monitor Screen
The Monitor Screen shows the channel readings. By default, the channel readings are active when you start the program. To turn the readings display on or off, on the Control Screen menu, select Hardware>>Real Time Display.
- 54 -

Instruction Manual
The screen on the left shows a Monitor Screen when readings are inactive. The screen on the right shows the screen when readings are active. Note that readings are grayed out when the display is inactive.
6.6.1 Identify a P3 The serial number of each P3 displays in the title bar of the window. If you need to identify which P3 is associated with a serial number, you may select Hardware>>Identify and then select that serial number. The front panel will blink on the P3. You may also use the icon on the display area to illuminate the front panel. 6.6.2 Peak Values The display of peak values (Min peak and Max peak) may be turned on or off with the menu item File>>Display Peak Values. Peak values for all channels may be reset with the - 55 -

Instruction Manual
menu item Channels>>Reset Peak Values. Peak values for a specific channel may be reset by right-clicking in the channel reading segment and selecting Reset Peak.
No peak values displayed
Peak values displayed
Peak values reset
- 56 -

Instruction Manual
6.7
Channel Configuration
To access the configuration values for a channel, select Channels>>Settings on the Control Screen. (The real-time display readings must be disabled to access this screen.) If multiple devices are connected, click on the serial number of the desired P3 under Devices. The front panel on that P3 will blink to confirm the selection. Click on the channel to be configured. Note: Each of the four channels on a P3 must be set independently.
- 57 -

Instruction Manual
At the bottom of the screen are three buttons: Click Cancel to exit the screen without saving changes. Note: Cancel will not undo any changes that have been applied. Click Apply to apply the configuration changes immediately. Results may be viewed on the Monitor Screen. Click OK to exit the channel configuration screen and save changes. 6.7.1 Channel Name The channel name entered will identify the channel on the Monitor Screen and in the recorded data file. The default is: Channel N, where N is the channel number 1 through 4. 6.7.2 Bridge Type The bridge type determines whether the internal half bridge is used and determines the appropriate scaling/linearization algorithm. The following table summarizes the bridge types. For more information on the calculations used by the P3, please contact the Micro-Measurements application engineering department. The following bridge configuration examples assume that the raw strain data is to be reduced to equivalent uniaxial strain with the nonlinearity correction applied where appropriate. Select the "Undef" bridge, either Half-Bridge/Quarter-Bridge or Full-Bridge when you require the net output of the active strain gages without mathematical correction for either bridge.
- 58 -

Instruction Manual
Selection Bridge Diagram Description
Single active gage in uniaxial tension or compression.
Quarter
HB adj ,-
Two active gages with equal and opposite strainstypical of bending-beam arrangement. Two active gages with equal strains of the same signused on opposite sides of column with low thermal gradient (bending cancellation, for instance.) Two active gages with equal and opposite strains aligned with the maximum and minimum principal strains to measure shear strain. Two active gages in uniaxial stress fieldone aligned with maximum principal strain, the other with transverse "Poisson" strain. Default Poissons Ratio = 0.3.
HB opp ,-
HB shear
HB adj ,
- 59 -

Instruction Manual
Selection Bridge Diagram Description
Four active gages with pairs subjected to equal and opposite strains (beam in bending).
FB 4 active
FB shear
Four active gages with pairs subjected to equal and opposite strains (shaft in torsion). Four active gages in uniaxial stress field two aligned with maximum principal strain, the other two with transverse "Poisson" strain (column). Default Poissons Ratio = 0.3. Four active gages in uniaxial stress field two aligned with maximum principal strain, the other two with transverse "Poisson" strain (beam). Default Poissons Ratio = 0.3. Undefined full bridge circuit. No correction for Wheatstone Bridge nonlinearity or active arms.
FB opp
FB adj
Undef FB
- 60 -

Instruction Manual
Selection
Undef HB/QB
Bridge Diagram
Description
Undefined half- or quarter-bridge circuit. No correction for Wheatstone Bridge nonlinearity or active arms.
Table 1 Bridge Types
6.7.3 Number of Decimal Places to Display Enter the number of values you would like to have after the decimal place on the displayed data. Value 0 1 2 n Description Display no decimal places; e.g. 123 Display 1 decimal place; e.g. 123.1 Display 2 decimal places; e.g. 123.12 Where n is the number of decimal places.
6.7.4 Scaling The engineering units for a channel may be microstrain (ue), millivolts per volt (mV/V), or may be user defined. Scaling options on the P3 are determined by the units selected. 6.7.4.1 Strain Gage Inputs Microstrain: If the selected units are ue (microstrain), scaling is determined by the gage factor of the sensor as follows: Range: 0.500 to 9.900 Default: 2.000 Millivolts per volt: If the selected units are millivolts per volt (mV/V), no scaling is necessary.
- 61 -

Instruction Manual
6.7.4.2 Transducer Inputs Custom: User-defined units (such as psi or cm) assume linear scaling. To properly scale the data, enter the following parameters: Engineering Units Enter up to four characters. This will be displayed in the channel segment on the Monitor Screen. Full Scale in mV/V Enter the millivolt per volt value at full scale. This value is used in conjunction with the Full Scale in Engineering Units value. It is used with engineering units other than microstrain (ue) or mV/V. During manual shunt calibration, fix the full-scale value in engineering units and change the full-scale mV/V value. It is recommended to set this value at or near the expected fullscale value when manually scaling the channel. Range: -15.625 to +15.625 (excluding 0) Default: 2.000 Full Scale in Engineering Units Defines the full-scale value for engineering units other than ue or mV/V. All scaling is linear. Range: -99999 to 99999 (excluding a value of 0) Default: 1
6.7.5 Balance (Zero) Balancing specifies that the current value of a sensor is the zero offset reading. Because this zero offset reading is rarely 0.00, it is typically subtracted from all subsequent readings. Channel readings returned from the P3 have the zero offset removed.
- 62 -

Instruction Manual
You may auto-balance a channel, manually balance the channel, or disable the removal of the zero offset. The default balance value is 0. 6.7.5.1 Auto Balance (Zero) The steps in performing an auto-balance operation for a single channel are: 1. Enter all of the other channel settings before you auto balance. 2. Adjust the sensor to the correct setting for a zero reading. 3. Set the Balance Mode of the channel to Auto. 4. Click the Zero button. 5. The new balance value is reflected in the slide bar and applied to the channel reading. A zero (auto-balance) also may be applied to an individual channel on the Monitor Screen by right-clicking in the channel segment and selecting Zero. You may also perform a zero (auto-balance) of all channels on all P3s by the menu item Channels>>Zero All. 6.7.5.2 Manual Balance Before performing a manual balance operation, it is recommended that the real time display is active. The steps in finetuning the balance value after an auto-balance operation are: 1. Perform the auto-balance operation; make sure the value is applied. (If you dont wish to auto-balance first, then configure the channel and adjust your sensor to the correct setting for a zero reading.) 2. Set the Balance Mode to Manual.
- 63 -

Instruction Manual
3. The balance value from the auto-balance operation is reflected in the slide bar. The balance value is displayed in raw counts. 4. Depending on the current reading and the desired reading, adjust the balance value on the slide bar either up or down. The slide bar has the range selections of coarse, medium, fine and ultra-fine. The coarse selection has the widest range of balance settings and a coarser step size. Ultra-fine has the narrowest range of balance settings and a small step size. The medium and fine selections fall in between. 6.7.5.3 Balance Mode Disabled Channels with the Balance Mode disabled will not remove any zero offset from the reading; however, the initial amplifier zero is removed. This mode allows you to evaluate initial bridge offsets. Click the Apply button to see the changes reflected in the channel reading on the Monitor Screen.
6.8
Saving and Recalling Settings (PC)
You may save the applications current settings to a file on your PC with the menu item File>>Save Configuration. The settings may be recalled with the menu item File>>Load Configuration. In addition to the channel settings, the Poissons Ratio, Record Interval, Peak Value setting and Offscale Values are saved.
6.9
Saving Settings to the P3
The menu item Hardware>>Save Configuration to Flash lets you select a device and store the current device settings to the devices internal flash memory. This will become the default configuration for the device after a power-cycle. If you wish to - 64 -

Instruction Manual
return to the factory default settings, use the Channels>>Reset All menu item to reset the settings and then store those settings to flash. You can also reset to factory defaults via the P3s front panel.
6.10 Channel Readings Adjustments

6.10.1 Reset (Set to Default) The menu item Channels>>Reset All resets the channel configuration values on all devices to their default settings.
6.10.2 Excitation Output & Noise Rejection Settings The Hardware>>Other Device Settings menu item allows you to access the Excitation Output setting and the Noise Rejection frequency setting. The bridge excitation output should be enabled during normal operation. You may disable the excitation output to identify selfgenerating noise sources. The digital filters in the P3 may be tuned to optimize the noise rejection from power line frequencies.
- 65 -

Instruction Manual
6.10.3 Format Offscale Value You may specify the value that is used to indicate positive offscale and negative offscale readings using the menu item File>>Configure Offscale Display. This value is used on the Monitor Screen and in recorded data. If you are planning on charting your recorded data with a spreadsheet, you may wish to change these values to a numeric (for example, 99999 and -99999).
6.10.4 Poissons Ratio You may define the Poissons ratio of the material to which the strain gage is bonded using the menu item Hardware>>Poissons Ratio. Poissons ratio is used to calculate strain in bridge configurations that are dependent upon Poissons ratio. This value is shared among all channels on the selected P3.
Range: 0.0 to 0.5 Default: 0.3
- 66 -

Instruction Manual
6.11 P3 Display Options

Backlight mode sets amount of time the backlight remains illuminated when the backlight key is pressed while in the run mode. Toggle means that the backlight remains illuminated until the backlight key is pressed again. The contrast dial sets the contrast of the P3 front panel. You may use the icon on the P3s display area to illuminate the front panel.
6.12 P3 Output Settings

When the analog mode is disabled, data is collected and displayed from all active channels. When the analog output is active for a selected channel, the reduced data is available to the analog output connector. Only one channel can be active at a time. The analog output range can be adjusted to provide full scale output range of 31000 (High), 3200 (Normal) or 310 (Low) microstrain at Gage Factor of 2.000. Please see the description in the front panel section for more information. - 67 -

Instruction Manual
6.13 Charting
Charting maps the real time display readings. To begin charting, select Channels>>Chart. The chart window will display and charting will begin.
6.13.1 Charting Controls The following fields displayed at the bottom of the screen may be used to control the charting: Pause Display checkbox Suspends/resumes the charting. Update Interval Enter the desired interval for how often the chart is updated in milliseconds. The minimum interval is 125 milliseconds. Number of points Enter the desired number of data points (readings) to be displayed.
- 68 -

Instruction Manual
Min Y Axis Two options exist for charting the minimum Y axis value: o One is to check the Auto (min) box. This will automatically adjust the min value based on the min value of the plotted data. o Or, uncheck the Auto checkbox. This will allow entry of a fixed value in Min Y Axis. Max Y Axis As with the minimum value, either check the Auto checkbox, or uncheck it and enter a value in Max Y Axis. Channels - Select the channels to be charted.
6.13.2 Charting Colors Colors may be adjusted by selecting File>>Configure Chart Trace Colors. Select and save the colors prior to launching the chart.
6.14 Recording to the PC

The P3-D4 application software supports both manual and time-based recording. 6.14.1 Setting up the Data File To specify the data file name and location, click Select File on the Control Screen. Browse to the path of the desired location, enter the file name, then click Save.
- 69 -

Instruction Manual
6.14.1.1 Time-based Recording The application records data on a periodic basis. To set the interval, select File>>Record Interval. The minimum recording interval for a scan is 500 milliseconds. A scan is defined as one reading from all active channels. Active channels are displayed on the Monitor Screen(s). Note: P3s cannot acquire data faster than 2Hz. Time-based recording can be started, paused, or stopped from the Control Screen. 6.14.1.2 Manual Recording Click the manual recording button Manual Record (Single Shot) to record one scan to the data file. Manual recording can be performed when time-based recording is active. The maximum recording rate is 8Hz. 6.14.2 Data File Format The data is stored in a standard, ASCII-format text file. This format may be viewed with MS Notepad or with a spreadsheet program such as MS Excel. The first line is the data header. All columns are separated by the ASCII tab character 09 (09h). The line is terminated with a carriage return and line feed. Subsequent lines contain the tab-delimited data. All lines are terminated with a carriage return (ASCII character 13 (0Dh) and line feed (ASCII character 10 (0Ah).
- 70 -

Instruction Manual
Text file shown in Notepad
File shown after import into MS Excel
- 71 -

Instruction Manual
6.15 Recording to the P3

The recording options select the recording mode and the rate at which data is recorded to the P3s on-board multimedia card (MMC). The recording options button is located at the top of each P3s display window.
There are three recording modes: Disabled, Auto, and Manual. In the disabled mode, recording will not occur.
In the manual recording mode selected channels are recorded whenever the recording button is pressed.
- 72 -

Instruction Manual
In auto mode you may configure the selected channels to record on a periodic basis.
Manual and auto recording modes stop when the stop recording button is pressed. The number of data groups recorded is counted in the Records field.
6.16 Reading Data from the P3

After data has been recorded to the multimedia card it can be downloaded to the PC by removing the MMC card and using a card reader on your PC. Or you can use the programmatic function accessed by the button
To download programmatically, first select the file you wish to download then press the download button. - 73 -

Instruction Manual
In order to make sure your MMC card doesnt fill up, its recommended that you erase the MMC card after your downloads have been verified.
6.17 Calibration
6.17.1 Shunt Calibration Shunt Calibration functionality allows you to adjust the sensitivity of the selected channel (gage factor or full-scale value) while a calibration signal is applied. The shunt calibration factor is primarily used to remove any offsets due to lead-wire resistance. When you enable shunt calibration, a precision shunt resistor is placed between the P- and the appropriate dummy (D120, D350, D1000) resistor. The internal shunt calibration resistors simulate an equivalent strain of 5000 at a gage factor of 2.000. The shunt resistor is applied to all channels simultaneously. - 74 -

Instruction Manual
The steps in performing a shunt calibration are: 1. Configure the channel. 2. Balance (zero) the channel. 3. Enable the shunt calibration by selecting Hardware>>Enable Shunt Calibration on the Control Screen. 4. View the adjusted channel reading on the Monitor Screen. 5. If the channels engineering unit is set to ue (microstrain), adjust the gage factor. If the engineering units are user-defined, adjust the full-scale in millivolts/volt setting. Click the Apply button to see the changes reflected in the channel reading on the main screen. 6. Loop through steps 4 and 5 until the desired reading is obtained. 7. Unselect Hardware>>Enable Shunt Calibration on the Control Screen. 6.17.2 System Calibration Software To calibrate a P3, first stop the channel readings by unselecting Hardware>>Real Time Display on the Control Screen. Then select Hardware>>Calibrate on the Control Screen and select the serial number of the P3 to be calibrated. Note: Performing an improper calibration may render your P3 inoperable. 6.17.3 Required Instruments The calibration process requires a Micro-Measurements Model 1550A Strain Indicator Calibrator, or another device with equivalent features and specifications. The P3 is a ratiometric measuring device, so measurement is not affected by fluctuations in the excitation voltage. It is therefore important to use a - 75 -

Instruction Manual
Wheatstone Bridgebased calibrator. Other sources, such as a precision voltage reference, are not suitable for calibration purposes. This section assumes that you are using a Model 1550A. The system calibration process takes four measurements on each channel: zero, positive and negative full scale, and amp zero. After the measurements are taken, calibration values for amplifier zero and software gain are stored in the internal flash memory. Following are the steps involved in performing a system calibration. These steps must be performed in the order shown and all channels must be calibrated. To abort the process after beginning calibration, select the Abort Calibration button and power-cycle the P3. To abort before beginning calibration, select Exit Calibration. Note: Each time Take Reading is selected, in-process and completion messages are displayed in the status bar at the bottom left of the screen. Step 1: Get previous calibration values (optional) Before calibrating the system, you may want to report the last calibration date and the previous (on-card) calibration settings for each channel. Select the Get Previous Cal Values button to retrieve the data from the P3. Enter any desired text into the Additional Report Data text box; this text will be included in saved/printed calibration reports.
- 76 -

Instruction Manual
To save and print a calibration report, select the Save Previous Cal Values button. When the Save As window displays. navigate to the desired location in which to save the file. Retain the default file name or change as desired. The default file name for the calibration report, whether created before or after calibration, is as follows:
SSSSSS_YYYY_MM_DD_M-M_Device_Cal_Report.txt where: SSSSSS is the serial number of the P3, YYYY_MM_DD is the date, and M-M_Device_Cal_Report.txt is the terminator.
When Save is clicked, your default text file viewer, e.g., MS Notepad, will be launched, displaying the calibration values. The file may be printed using the viewer.
- 77 -

Instruction Manual
Step 2: Calibrate each channel All of step 2 must be repeated for each of the four channels on the P3. The channels may be calibrated in any order, but steps 2A through 2E must be performed sequentially. Begin by selecting a channel (1 through 4) from the drop-down list.
Step 2A: Install calibrator on selected channel Configure the Model 1550A Strain Indicator Calibrator as a full-bridge circuit and install on the selected channel. See Figure 9 for connection details.
- 78 -

Instruction Manual
Step 2B: Take a zero reading Set the 1550A calibrator to 0 , positive polarity and click the Take Zero Reading button. Step 2C: Take a positive, full-scale reading Set the 1550A calibrator to +30,000 (positive polarity) and click the Take Reading button. Step 2D: Take a negative, full-scale reading Set the 1550A calibrator to -30,000 (negative polarity) and the click the Take Reading button. Step 2E: Take an amp zero reading Finally, the system needs to establish a true electrical zero (amp zero). Set the 1550A calibrator to 0 , positive polarity, short the S+ and S- terminals on the 1550A calibrator and click the Take Reading button below step 2E. Values will appear in the Amp Zero and Gain indicator fields. Note: After the first channel has been completed, the Abort Calibration is available. Step 3: Finish the system calibration process After measurements for all four channels have been taken, select the Finish Calibration button to complete the system calibration process.
- 79 -

Instruction Manual
When the calibration process is complete, Calibration Complete displays in the status bar at the bottom of the screen. The system will store the new calibration values in the P3s internal flash memory, along with the calibration date. Step 4: Retrieve the new calibration data and date (optional) After calibration, you may view, save and print the new calibration date and calibration settings. To view the data, select the Get Current Cal button.
- 80 -

Instruction Manual
To save and print a calibration report, select the Save Current Cal Values button. When the Save As window displays, navigate to the desired location in which to save the file. Retain the default file name or change as desired. The default file name for the calibration report is as follows:
SSSSSS_YYYY_MM_DD_M-M_Device_Cal_Report.txt, where: SSSSSS is the serial number of the P3, YYYY_MM_DD is the date, and M-M_Device_Cal_Report.txt is the terminator.
When Save is clicked, your default text file viewer, e.g., MS Notepad, will be launched, displaying the calibration report. Both the previous and current calibration data will be included. The file may be printed using the viewer.
Click the Exit Calibration button to end the calibration process.
- 81 -

Instruction Manual
6.18 Program Messages

Program status and informational messages may be displayed by selecting the File>>Show Activity Log menu item. Messages are added to this log only when it is opened.
6.19 Upgrading Firmware

Note: Before upgrading, disable the real-time display. Go to Hardware>>Real Time Display and unselect it if it is checked. To upgrade to a newer version of firmware on the P3, select Hardware>>Update Firmware on the menu. Select the serial number of the P3 to receive the update. (Recording and displays will be halted when selection is made.) A file browser appears that lets you select the firmware upgrade file. By default this file is named 158000056_P3.hex. - 82 -

Instruction Manual
Typically you will navigate to the latest file provided by Micro-Measurements. After you select OK, a confirmation prompt will appear showing the current firmware version of the P3 and the version that you are attempting to install. If the versions are correct, select OK to continue. A progress bar will display to track the upgrade. While the upgrade is occurring, do not touch the P3 hardware or the software application. You will be requested to powercycle the P3 and restart the application when the upgrade is complete. If you need to upgrade several P3s, it is okay to choose Restart Later. That way you only need to restart the application once after you have upgraded all of the P3s. However, power-cycle the P3 immediately. Note: You will be unable to communicate with the P3 until the application has been restarted.
- 83 -

Instruction Manual
WARRANTY
Vishay Measurements Group, Inc., warrants all instruments it manufactures to be free from defect in materials and factory workmanship, and agrees to repair or replace any instrument that fails to perform as specified within three years after date of shipment. Coverage of computers, cameras, rechargeable batteries, and similar items, sold in conjunction with equipment manufactured by Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. and bearing the identifying name of another company, is limited under this warranty to one year after the date of shipment. The warranty on no rechargeable batteries and similar consumable items is limited to the delivery of goods free from defects in materials and factory workmanship. This warranty shall not apply to any instrument that has been: i) ii) iii) repaired, worked on or altered by persons unauthorized by the Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. in such a manner as to injure, in our sole judgment, the performance, stability, or reliability of the instrument; subjected to misuse, negligence, or accident; or connected, installed, adjusted, or used otherwise than in accordance with the instructions furnished by us.
At no charge, we will repair, at our plant, or an authorized repair station, or at our option, replace any of our products found to be defective under this warranty. This warranty is in lieu of any other warranties, expressed or implied, including any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. There are no warranties which extend beyond the description on the face hereof. Purchaser acknowledges that all goods purchased from Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. are purchased as is, and buyer states that no salesman, agent, employee or other person has made any such representations or warranties or otherwise assumed for Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. any liability in connection with the sale of any goods to the purchaser. Buyer hereby waives all rights buyer may have arising out of any breach of contract or breach of warranty on the part of Vishay Measurements Group, Inc., to any incidental or consequential damages, including but not limited to damages to property, damages for injury to the person, damages for loss of use, loss of time, loss of profits or income, or loss resulting from personal injury. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages for consumer products, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. The Purchaser agrees that the Purchaser is responsible for notifying any subsequent buyer of goods manufactured by Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. of the warranty provisions, limitations, exclusions and disclaimers stated herein, prior to the time any such goods are purchased by such buyer, and the Purchaser hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. harmless from any claim asserted against or liability imposed on Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. occasioned by the failure of the Purchaser to so notify such buyer. This provision is not intended to afford subsequent purchasers any warranties or rights not expressly granted to such subsequent purchasers under the law. Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. reserves the right to make any changes in the design or construction of its instruments at any time, without incurring any obligation to make any change whatever in units previously delivered. Micro-Measurements sole liabilities, and buyers sole remedies, under this agreement shall be limited to the purchase price, or at our sole discretio n, to the repair or replacement of any instrument that proves, upon examination, to be defective, when returned to our factory, transportation prepaid by the buyer, within the applicable period of time from the date of original shipment. Return transportation charges of repaired or replacement instruments under warranty will be prepaid by Vishay Measurements Group, Inc.. Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. is solely a manufacturer and assumes no responsibility of any form for the accuracy or adequacy of any test results, data, or conclusions which may result from the use of its equipment. The manner in which the equipment is employed and the use to which the data and test results may be put are completely in the hands of the Purchaser. Vishay Measurements Group, Inc. shall in no way be liable for damages consequential or incidental to defects in any of its products. This warranty constitutes the full understanding between the manufacturer and buyer, and no terms, conditions, understanding, or agreement purporting to modify or vary the terms hereof shall be binding unless hereafter made in writing and signed by an authorized official of Vishay Measurements Group, Inc..
- 84 -

P3 Instruction Manual

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Исходное описание:

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

P3 Instruction Manual

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Model P3 Strain Indicator And Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

FRONT PANEL ............................................................... 8

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Gage Factor Control

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

2.10 Communication Interface

2.11 Data Storage

2.12 Shunt Calibration

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

2.13 Analog Output

2.15 Operational Environment

2.17 Size & Weight

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Analog Output Connector

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Memory Card Slot

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Power Connector Analog Output Connector

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

4.3.4 Transducer Input Connector Option

Model P3 with Transducer Connectors

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Symbol P+ PS+ SD120 D350 D1K Rcal1 Rcal2 GND

Transducer Input Plug Pin Wiring Connections

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3/Model 3500 Transducer Input Plug Pin Wiring Comparison

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Paused ->Resume Ch4

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

To reset the peak display, press the (tracking) mode, press

. To return to the normal

key. To return to the

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Ready to Auto Balance [BAL] = Balance [MENU] = Cancel

To start the auto-balance sequence, press the BAL

key to continue without saving the set-

Save Settings? [REC] = Save [MENU] = Dont save

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

key will transfer the current readings to the

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

key will display the Main Menu (see

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Gage Factor / Scaling Recording Balance Shunt Calibration Options

4.5.4 4.5.5 4.5.6 4.5.7 0

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

command mode by pressing the

Model P3 Strain Indicator and Recorder

Single active gage in uniaxial tension or compression.

GAGE FACTOR/SCALING Chan : 1 Units : Gage Factor : 2.000