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NANOBOT
Under the guidance of,

Mr. Subramanya M.B

Lecturer, dept. of ML B.G.S.I.T

By, Rashna Shadeem (4BW06ML016)

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CONTENTS
 Introduction.  Nanorobots in heart surgery.  Structure of nanorobots.  Injection of nanorobot.  Navigation.  Positioning.  Detection.  Destruction.  Applications.  Advantages.  Conclusion.  Reference.
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Introduction
WHAT ARE NANOROBOTS?
Nanorobots are tiny machines used to cure diseases in human or in any organism. Performs task at nanoscale dimensions. The size of nanorobots is 10 -9. The prefix nano means billionth.

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USE OF NANOROBOTS IN HUMAN BODY

A doctor offers the patient an injection of a nanorobot. Seeks out cancer cells and destroy them. Dispells the disease at the source, leaving the healthy cells untouched. The patients has no awareness of devices working inside them.

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NANOROBOTS IN HEART SURGERY

Blood vessels play an important role in supplying blood to all parts of our body. Due to the fatty deposition on the walls of blood vessels blood will not move freely to all parts. These leads to heart attacks and damage the vital organs.

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STRUCTURE OF NANOROBOTS
Consists of, Molecular sorting rotors Propeller Fins Sensors

Fig: Structure of nanorobots. (http://www.nanorobotdesign.com/article/NNNetwork/indexphp.htm)

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Continued

Molecular sorting rotors:

Made up of carbon nanotubes.

Sheet of carbon atom forms a carbon nanotubes.

Fig: Structure of nanorobot

SWNTs can be used to generate mechanical motion.

Nanotube with nanogears used for changing the direction of movement.

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Continued..

Propeller:
Like that in nanorobots it is used to drive forward against the blood stream.
Fig: Structure of nanorobot

Fins:
Fitted along with the propellers used to propel the device.

Sensors:
Fitted externally and internally with the nanorobots to receive the
signal for correct guidance.

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INJECTION OF NANOROBOTS
Find a way to introduce nanorobots into the body for surgery. Allow it to do the operation without ancillary damage. So the nanorobots are made smaller than the blood vessels as it can travel. Femoral artery in the leg is considered to be a largest artery in our body. So the nanorobot is injected in this artery.

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NAVIGATION
Every living thing needs area to move. Nanorobots use blood flow for its movement. In order to move the nanorobots in blood flow,
Fig: Navigation of nanorobots into blood vessels.
(http://www.scribd.com/search?cat=redesign&q =nanorobot+in+heart+sugery&sa.x=31&sa.y=18)

Speed of blood Get through the heart without stuck React with changes in blood flow rate

Able to change the direction according to the blood stream

To satisfy this, nanorobots should be made with electric motors to turn propeller.

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POSITIONING
To know the location of nanorobots where it goes we use ultrasonic technique. Nanorobots must be able to produce ultrasonic waves by passing a signal to piezoelectric membrane. Several signal processing techniques are used to track this ultrasonic signal and to find the location at any time.
Fig: An imaginary picture of nanorobot with the blood stream [ref(5)].

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DETECTION

Fig: Nanorobots to ards a destination [r f( )].

Sensors are used to locate the fatty deposits. To control the nanorobots as per our wish fit the TV camera . Sensors are used to receive the signals and do the operations according to signals send by remote control unit.
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DESTRUCTION
The fatty deposits (or) clots are removed using special blades fitted with nanorobots. Continuous (or) pulse signal is used to activate the blades.

Fig: View of nanorobot removing the fatty deposit [ref(4)].

To take nanorobots from the body we use two methods one is retrace our path upstream another is making small surgery to remove.
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APPLICATIONS
Treating arteriosclerosis Breaking up blood clots Fighting cancer Parasite Removal Breaking up kidney stones

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ADVANTAGES OF NANOROBOTS
Rapid elimination of disease. Nanorobot might function at the atomic and molecular level to build devices, machines or circuits known as molecular manufacturing. Nanorobots might also produce copies of themselves to replace worn-out units, a process called self-replication. The major advantage of nanorobots is thought to be their durability, in theory, they can remain operational for years, decades or centuries.

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CONCLUSION
The nanorobots are used in heart surgery, due to this number of risks and side effects behind is reduced.

The same technique is used in various treatments like cancer, breaking kidney stones, breaking liver stones, parasite removal only with slight modification.

Within ten year several advancement technologies should be made from this nanorobotics.

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reference
1. http://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid183_gci519843,00.html 2. http://www.wisegeek.com/what-does-nano-mean.htm 3. http://www.pharmainfo.net/annapurna-u/nanorobots-amazing-devices 4. http://www.scribd.com/search?cat=redesign&q=nanorobot+in+heart+sugery&sa.x=31&s a.y=18 5. http://www.scribd.com/doc/14518151/Nanorobot-Karthik-Kumar-HP 6. http://www.nanorobotdesign.com/newsnet/

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THANK YOU

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