Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY

CAPACITY ANALYSIS 1.0 INTRODUCTION Capacity is the maximum hourly rate at which vehicles reasonably can be expected to traverse a point or a uniform section of a lane or roadway during a given time period under prevailing roadway, traffic and control conditions. Level of Service (LOS) is a qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream and their perception by motorists and/or passengers. Multilane highways generally have posted speed limits of 60 to 90 km/h. They usually have a total of four or six lanes, counting both directions, often with medians. However, they also may be undivided. Multilane highways typically are located in suburban communities, leading into central cities, or along highvolume rural corridors connecting two cities or two significant activities that generate a substantial number of daily trips. The prediction of LOS for a multilane highway involves three steps: (1) Determination of free-flow speed (2) Adjustment of volume (3) Determintation of level of service This analysis will attempt to determine the LOS for Jalan Kluang KM20 (UTHM - Fujitsu Factory) in the direction of Batu Pahat Ayer Hitam.

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS 2.0 OBJECTIVE The objective is to determine the level of service at KM20 Jalan Kluang. 3.0 APPARATUS / EQUIPMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 4.0 Measuring Tape / Odometer Forms HC1, HC2 and HC3 Analog Counter (optional) Safety Vest Safety Cones Flags

PROCEDURE 1. Conduct a traffic count at the location (1 km in length) for an hour in segments of 15 minutes. Record the data in form HC1. 2. Measure the lane width, shoulder width and median width using either a measuring tape or measuring wheel. Record the data in form HC2. [Ensure safety by using the safety vest, safety cones and flags to direct traffic and for selfprotection] 3. Conduct a walk-through survey of the 1 km section to determine the number of access points. Observe the type of median. Record the data in form HC2. 4. Record the posted speed limit of the multilane highway in form HC2. 5. Calculate the Free Flow Speed (FFS). 6. Record the number of lanes (per direction) in form HC3. 7. From form HC1, determine the hourly volume (V) and percentage of heavy vehicles. Record the data in form HC3. 8. Calculate the Flow Rate (vp). 9. Calculate the Density (D). 10. Determine the Level Of Service (LOS) and comment.

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS 5.0 DATA ANALYSIS & RESULTS Form HC1 Location: _____________________________________ Day: __________________ Date: __________________ Time: _____________ Weather: _______________ Time 1 2 Traffic Count Vehicle Class 3 4

Vehicle Class Class 1 (Motorcycles) Class 2 (Cars) Class 3 (Vans & Medium Trucks) Class 4 (Heavy Trucks & Buses) Total

Traffic Volume (vehicles/hour)

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environment Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS Form HC2 FREE FLOW SPEED Posted Speed Limit + Base Free Flow Speed (BFFS) Median Type ( Divided / Undivided ) FM Lane Width = ______ meters FLW Shoulder Width = ________ meters Median Width = ________ meters Total Lateral Clearance = Shoulder width + Median width = ________ meters FLC Access Point Density = ______ per km FA km/h km/h km/h km/h 12.3 km/h = km/h

km/h

Free Flow Speed (FFS)

km/h

FFS = free flow speed BFFS = base free flow speed = 85th percentile speed + 12.3 km/h * fLW = adjustment for lane width (refer to Table 1) fLC = adjustment for total lateral clearance (refer to Table 2) fM = adjustment for median type (refer to Table 3) fA = adjustment for access point density (refer to Table 4) * Forecasted from previous studies which indicated that BFFS on multilane highways is approximately 11 km/h higher than the speed limit for 65 and 70 km/h speed limits, and it is 8 km/h higher for 80 and 90 km/h speed limits.

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS Form HC3 FLOW RATE Volume, V Peak Hour Factor, PHF Number of Lanes, N Terrain Percentage of Heavy Vehicles, PT Passenger Car Equivalent For Heavy Vehicles, ET Heavy Vehicle Adjustment Factor, fHV Driver Population Factor, fP Flow Rate (vp) Level
(

veh/hour 0.92

1.00

) = pc/h/ln

vp = 15-min passenger-car equivalent flow rate (pc/hr/ln) V = hourly volume (veh/hr) PHF = peak hour factor N = number of lanes fHV = heavy vehicle adjustment factor fp = driver population factor

ET , ER = passenger car equivalents for trucks or buses (T) and recreational vehicles (RV) in the traffic stream (refer to Table 5) PT , PR = percentage of truck/buses and RVs in the traffic stream (stated in decimals) * Neglect PR and ER .

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS Results: 1. 2. 3. Free flow speed (FFS) = __________ km/h Flow rate (vP) = __________ passenger car/hour/lane Density (D) = __________ passenger car/km/lane

vp = flow rate (pc/h/ln) S = average passenger-car speed (km/h) 4. Level Of Service = LOS _____

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical andTransportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS 6.0 DISCUSSION

7.0

CONCLUSION

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical andTransportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS 8.0 APPENDIX
Table 1: Adjustment for Lane Width

Table 2: Adjustment for Lateral Clearance

Table 3: Adjustment for Median Type

Table 4: Adjustment for Access Point Density

Table 5: Passenger Car Equivalents on Extended General Highway Segments

Faculty: Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department : Department of Geotechnical andTransportation Engineering Title: MULTILANE HIGHWAY CAPACITY ANALYSIS

Figure 1: Speed-Flow curves with LOS criteria