A Metal-Free Amination of Benzoxazoles: The First Example of an Iodide-Catalyzed Oxidative Amination of Heteroarenes1

Tanja Froehr, Christian P. Sindlinger, Ulrich Kloeckner, Peter Finkbeiner and Boris J. Nachtsheim
Institut fr Organische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universitt Tbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tbingen, Germany

INTRODUCTION
Transition-metal-free amination of benzoxazoles was found to be very efficient method. Aryl-3-iodanes (iodine in the oxidation state +III) were reported as cheap and nontoxic alternatives to transition metals in oxidative C-H bond activations.2,3 Enantiopure tetraalkylammoniumiodides (TAAIs) could be used in a highly enantioselective oxidative cycloetherification of ketophenols.4 (Scheme 1)
Scheme 1. TAAI catalyzed Oxidative Cycloetherification

EXPERIMENTAL
Under mild reaction conditions, amination of benzoxazoles was carried on with catalytic amounts of simple tetrabutylammoniumiodide (TBAI), aqueous solutions of H2O2 or TBHP as co-oxidant gave the desired product 2-aminobenzoxazoles in excellent yields.
Table . Optimizing the Reaction Conditions

CONCLUSIONS
First TBAI-catalyzed direct amination of heteroarenes. Also the first attempt for a metal-free synthesis of useful 2-aminobenzoxazoles starting from unfunctionalized amines and benzoxazoles. Requires mild reaction conditions, catalytic amounts of cheap and non-toxic TBAI, and hassle free co-oxidants such as H2O2 and TBHP. Thus, this novel amination protocol can be highly viable for future applications.

REFERENCES
1) Tanja F; Boris J. N.; J. Org. Lett., 2011, 13, 3754. 2) (a) Zhdankin, V. V.; Stang, P. J. Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 5299.(b) Ochiai, M.; Miyamoto, K. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4229. 3) Recent examples for hypervalent iodine compounds in oxidative crosscoupling reactions: (a) Dohi, T.; Ito, M.; Morimoto, K.; Iwata, M.; Kita, Y. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 1301. (b) Kita, Y.; Morimoto, K.; Ito, M.; Ogawa, C.; Goto, A.; Dohi, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 1668. 4) Uyanik, M.; Okamoto, H.; Yasui, T.; Ishihara, K. Science 2010,328, 1376. 5) Armstrong, A.; Collins, J. C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2282. 6) Cho, S. H.; Kim, J. Y.; Lee, S. Y.; Chang, S. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9127. 7) Kim, J. Y.; Cho, S. H.; Joseph, J.; Chang, S. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 9899. 8) Wang, J.; Hou, J.-T.; Wen, J.; Zhang, J.; Yu, X.-Q. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3652. 9) Monguchi, D.; Fujiwara, T.; Furukawa, H.; Mori, A. Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 1607.

OBJECTIVES
Under oxidative conditions, direct amination of heteroaromatic C-H bonds were catalyzed by quaternary ammoniumiodides (Scheme 2)
Scheme Scheme2. 2.TAAI-Catalyzed TAAI-CatalyzedOxidative OxidativeAmination Aminationof ofHeteroarenes Heteroarenes

SUGGESTED MECHANISM

As heteroaromatic model substrates, benzoxazoles was considered since 2-aminooxazoles and 2aminothiooxazoles are common structural motifs in many drugs.5 Ag(I),6 Co(II), Mn(II),7 Fe(III),8 and Cu(II)9 were found to catalyze direct amination of azoles under drastic conditions.

SUBMITTED BY:

PAULAMI BOSE,
ROLL: 412CY2006, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROURKELA, ORISSA

RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN 2012

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