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Make a donation to Wikipedia and give the gift of knowledge! Alfred Thayer Mahan
Alfred Thayer Mahan (September 27, 1840December 1, 1914) was a United States Navy officer, geostrategist, and educator. His ideas on the importance of sea power influenced navies around the world, and helped prompt naval buildups before World War I. Several ships were named USS Mahan, including the lead vessel of a class of destroyers. His research into naval history led to his most important work, The Influence of Seapower Upon History,1660-1783, published in 1890.
Contents
1 Early life and service 2 Naval War College and writings 3 Strategic views and influence 4 Later career 5 Honors 6 Works 7 Notes 8 See also 9 References 10 External links
West Point, New York United States of America Captain Rear Admiral (post retirement) USS Chicago
Commands held
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17931812, published 1890 and 1892, respectively. Upon being published, Mahan struck up a friendship with pioneering British naval historian Sir John Knox Laughton, the pair maintaining this relationship through correspondence and visits when Mahan was in London. Mahan was later described as a 'disciple' of Laughton, although the two men were always at pains to distinguish between each other's line of work, Laughton seeing Mahan as a theorist while Mahan called Laughton 'the historian'.[2]
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Later career
Between 1889 and 1892 Mahan was engaged in special service for the Bureau of Navigation, and in 1893 he was appointed to command the powerful new protected cruiser Chicago on a visit to Europe, where he was received and feted. He returned to lecture at the War College and then, in 1896, he retired from active service, returning briefly to duty in 1898 to consult on naval strategy for the Spanish-American War. Mahan continued to write voluminously and received honorary degrees from Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Dartmouth, and McGill. In 1902 Mahan invented the term "Middle East", which he used in the article "The Persian Gulf and International Relations", published in September in the National Review.[3] He became Rear Admiral in 1906 by an act of Congress promoting all retired captains who had served in the Civil War. At the outbreak of World War I, he initially engaged in the cause of Great Britain, but an order of President Woodrow Wilson prohibited all active and retired officers to publish comments on the war. Mahan died of heart failure on December 1, 1914.
Honors
The United States Naval Academy has Mahan Hall named in his honor.
Works
The Gulf and Inland Waters (1883) The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 16601783 (1890) The Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire, 17931812 (1892) Admiral Farragut (1892) The Life of Nelson: The Embodiment of the Sea Power of Great Britain (1897) Volume 1 Volume 2 The Interest of America in Sea Power, Present and Future (1897) Lessons of the War with Spain, and Other Articles (1899) Captain Alfred T. The Problem of Asia and Its Effect Upon International Policies (1900) Mahan Story of the War in South Africa 1899-1900 (1900) Types of Naval Officers Drawn from the History of the British Navy (1901) Sea Power in Its Relations to the War of 1812 (1905) Naval Administration and Warfare: Some General Principles, with Other Essays (1908) The Harvest Within: Thoughts on the Life of the Christian (1909) Naval Strategy: Compared and Contrasted with the Principles and Practice of Military Operations on Land (1911) Armaments and Arbitration; or, The Place of Force in the International Relations of States (1912) The Major Operations of the Navies in the War of American Independence (1913) The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1805 (abridged ed, 1980)
Notes
1. ^ Paret, Peter (1986). Makers of Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 445. 2. ^ Knight, Roger (2000) The Foundations of Naval History: John Knox Laughton, the Royal Navy and the Historical Profession, Review of book by Professor Andrew Lambert in the Institute for Historical Research's Reviews in History series. (London: Institute for Historical Research) http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/paper/knight.html - URL last accessed 3 April 2007 3. ^ Adelson, Roger. London and the Invention of the Middle East: Money, Power, and War, 1902-1922. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-300-06094-7 p. 22-23
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See also
References
Charles Carlisle Taylor, The Life of Admiral Mahan, 1920, London. William E. Livezey, Mahan on Sea Power (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, reprinted 1981) W. D. Puleston, Mahan: The Life and Work of Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1939) Robert Seager, Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Man and His Letters (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1977) John B. Hattendorf and Lynn C. Hattendorf, comps. Bibliography of the Writings of Alfred Thayer Mahan (1986) Philip A. Crowl, "Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Naval Historian" in Makers of Modern Strategy from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age, ed. Peter Paret (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986) Eugene L. Rasor, English/British Naval History to 1815. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004,, pp. 43-44. John B. Hattendorf, Mahan on Naval Strategy: selections from the writings of Rear Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan (1991) Benjamin Apt, "Mahan's Forebears: The Debate over Maritime Strategy, 1868-1883." Naval War College Review (Summer 1997). Online. Naval War College. 24 September 2004. Jon Tetsuro Sumida, Inventing grand strategy and teaching command: the classic works of Alfred Thayer Mahan reconsidered (1997) Biographical article Works by Alfred Thayer Mahan at Project Gutenberg
External links
Past Presidents of the Naval War College - from the Naval War College website
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Thayer_Mahan" Categories: 1840 births | 1914 deaths | American historians | Geopoliticians | Historians of the United States | Irish-Americans in the military | American naval historians | People from New York | United States Naval Academy graduates | United States Navy admirals | Presidents of the Naval War College | Columbia University alumni | Naval War College faculty | American military writers
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