1 Unit Test #2 Review Sheet Agriculture and Industrial Revolutions For the test tomorrow, try to review and

d be familiar with the following people, terms, vocabulary, concepts, or themes. Any questions about anything below, see me today between 10:30 11:00 or 2:50 3:30. The Unit Test will consist of 50 multiple-choice questions. This week, you started writing a Thematic Essay on the Industrial Revolution / Economic Systems. My advice to you is to use the space provided, and write a sentence or two defining or identifying the term, person, or question. Revolution Agriculture Revolution

How did agriculture change life on the farms?

New farm technology and methods -

Enclosures -

Hunters and Gatherers -

Nomads

Neolithic Revolution -

2 Why is the Neolithic Revolution a turning point in history? How did the Agriculture Revolution help contribute to the Industrial Revolution?

Industrialization -

Positives and negatives of factories and industrialization -

Compare farm life to city life, as well as the positives and negatives of each.

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Why was Britain a good place for the Industrial Revolution to begin?

Coal and iron. What was it used for? Why was it important?

James Watts and the Steam engine How did the steam engine change the world?

Locomotive and steam ship. How did the steam engine change

3 transportation methods?

Urbanization What are the positives and negatives of urbanization?

Why are people moving to the cities?

The New Middle Class -

How did the social class system of Europe change during the Industrial Revolution?

Tenements -

Factory work conditions -

Examples of Child Labor Laws

Child labor and the role of women in the factories -

How did factory conditions improve over the years?

Strikes

Labor Unions -

Examples of new technology during the Industrial Revolution

What is supply and demand? How does supply and demand determine the price of goods?

What is capitalism? What are the positives and negatives of capitalism?

What is socialism? What are the positives and negatives of socialism?

How does socialism compare to capitalism?

Karl Marx Adam Smith -

5 Laissez Faire Monopolies Why is the Industrial Revolution a turning point in history? Name______________________________ Date_______________ Global Studies Mr. Blum Practice Test Agriculture Revolution / Industrial Revolution / New Economic Systems Directions: Read each choice carefully. Next, choose the answer that best answers the question or completes the sentence. Use test-taking strategies to eliminate wrong answers, and underline important parts of the question. Remember, this is just a PRACTICE TEST to see how ready you are for tomorrow! 1) The breakdown of traditions, increased levels of pollution, and the expansion of slums are negative aspects of A) militarism B) pogroms C) collectivization D) urbanization 2) Base your answer to question 2 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. . . . The factory owners did not have the power to compel anybody to take a factory job. They could only hire people who were ready to work for the wages offered to them. Low as these wage rates were, they were nonetheless much more than these paupers could earn in any other field open to them. It is a distortion of facts to say that the factories carried off the housewives from the nurseries and the kitchens and the children from their play. These women had nothing to cook with and [nothing] to feed their children. These children were destitute [poor] and starving. Their only refuge was the factory. It saved them, in the strict sense of the term, from death by starvation. . . . Ludwig von Mises, Human Action, ATreatise on Economics, Yale University Press Which statement summarizes the theme of this passage? A) Factory owners created increased hardships. B) Factory owners preferred to use child laborers. C) The factory system allowed people to money D) The factory system created new social classes.

6 3) Transportation in the 1800s was revolutionized by the development of the A) caravel B) airplane C) astrolabe D) steam engine 4) Laissez-faire capitalism as attributed to Adam Smith called for A) minimal government involvement in the economy B) government investments in major industries C) strict government control of the economy D) heavy taxation of manufacturers 5) Which statement represents a central idea of laissez-faire economics? A) Class struggles are based on inequities. B) Workers should form unions to better their conditions. C) Prices are best determined by supply and demand. D) The government should own all means of production. 6) Which pair of natural resources were used to change transportation and manufacturing in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution? A) gold and salt B) diamonds and petroleum C) copper and tin D) coal and iron ore Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the speakers statements below and on your knowledge of social studies. Speaker A: If the rate of population growth continues to exceed the growth in the food supply, there will not be enough food for all of the people. Speaker B: There are people who are wealthy and people who are poor. This is just how things are. Speaker C: History is the story of class struggle. Eventually, the working class will rise up and revolt against the wealthy. Speaker D: The government should do what is best for most of its people. 7) Which speaker best represents the views of Karl Marx?

7 A) A B) B C) C D) D

8) To which situation are these speakers most likely reacting? A) growth of Zionism B) rise of industrialization C) division of Africa D) formation of military alliances 9) What was a result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe? A) the growth of the middle class B) an increase in nomadic herding C) a decline in urban population D) a decrease in international trade 10) Which statement is a description of a capitalist economy? A) Individual decision making and supply and demand greatly influence basic economic decisions B) Government planning agencies make some economic decisions and privates businesses make others C) The national government controls all resources, labor supply, and means of production D) customs, religion, and traditions determine most economic decisions 11) A long-term result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was A) an increase in the number of small farms B) a decline in international trade C) a general rise in the standard of living D) a strengthening of the economic power of the nobility 12) During the 1800s, reform in labor laws passed in Great Britain led to A) greater equality for men, and establishment of a banking system B) legalizing trade unions, setting minimum wages, and limiting child labor C) government-owned factories, establishment of five-year plans, and limits placed on immigration D) bans on overseas trade, mandatory military service, and universal suffrage for women

13) Labor laws were passed in Britain and several other countries to A) outlaw children and women from working in the mines B) improve the treatment and working conditions for children C) foster worker discontent D) provide workers with more vacation time 14) According to Karl Marx, the course of history is determined by A) religious wars B) nationalistic uprisings C) political domination D) economic class struggle 15) One response of workers to the unsafe working conditions of the 1800s was to A) form labor unions B) create joint stock companies C) become mercantilists D) return to a domestic system 16) The power source of new transportation methods in the 1800s was A) the steam engine B) gasoline C) wind power D) electricity 17) The influence of geographic factors in England was most evident in the development of the A) the Anglican Church under Henry VIII B) English literature under Elizabeth I C) The English Constitutional Monarchy D) The English industrial system 18) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels encouraged workers to improve their economic conditions by A) overthrowing the capitalist system B) establishing tariffs C) supporting small regional governments D) increasing the tax rate 19) In the late 1800s, one response of workers in England to unsafe

9 working conditions was to A) form labor unions B) set minimum wages C) return to farming D) take control of the government 20) As a society becomes more urbanized and industrialized, it tends to A) resist cultural diffusion B) depend more on the extended family structure C) develop a more rigid class system D) modify traditional beliefs and customs 21) The economic theory of laissez-faire capitalism proposes that A) the nobility should have strict control over business and industry B) command economies should provide the greatest opportunity for national growth C) governments should not interfere with businesses D) the practices of mercantilism should be expanded 22) A major reason the Industrial Revolution developed in Great Britain in the 1700s was because of Great Britains A) immigration policies B) access to imported oil C) geographic features D) use of collectivization 23) The Neolithic Revolution was a turning point in history because A) new inventions led to overseas exploring B) the use of chemical fertilizers increased C) alternatives to hunting and gathering developed D) factories began to use assembly line techniques 24) During the 1800s, the writings of Karl Marx focused attention on the problems faced by A) factory owners B) investment bankers C) industrial workers D) farm laborers

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25) Which traits characterize a laissez-faire capitalist economic system? A) National healthcare and social security B) Private property and profit incentive C) Central planning and government quotas D) Slash-and-burn agriculture and animal-powered technology 26) One way in which the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain in the 18th century and the potato famine in Ireland in the 19th century are similar is that they both led directly to A) significant human migration B) rapid increases in food production C) growth in the number of subsistence farmers D) more equitable distribution of wealth 27)