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piel
cover: the chesa futura, suiza nigel young / foster and partners
pielskin
publisher
viladomat 59, 4 4 08015 Barcelona spain concept and text translation editorial supervision layout photos on-line
ethel baraona pohl csar reyes njera dpr editorial imaginacin impresa caja negra http://www.caja-negra.com All copyrights for the photos remain with the photographers. This publication can be read entirely or in parts at http://skinarchitecture.com/
pielskin
ISBN 978-84-612-0081-8 copyleft 1era edicin ethel baraona pohl 2007 diciembre 2007
pielskin
ethel baraona pohl
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click on the red points to go to the project youre looking for. click on the image above the geographic coordinates of each project to take a virtual tour to the project site! specially made for google-earth travellers.
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1. Kunsthaus, Graz 2. Carter Tucker House, Victoria 3. Watercube, Beijing 4. Federation Square, Melbourne 5. Chesa Futura, St. Moritz 6. Sudwestmetall, Baden Wuttemberg 7. Kronjylland, Randers 8. Biblioteca Villa de los Nios, Guatemala 9. Xeros Residence, Phoenix 10. Mercado Sta, Catarina, Barcelona 11. Fire Station, Nanterre 12. Swiss Re, London 13. NkMip Desert Center, British Columbia 14. Maritime Youth House, Copenhagen 15. Porcincula la Milagrosa, La Calera 16. Aras Chill Dara, Nass 17. University Library, Azores 18. De Young Museum, San Francisco 19. Dutch Embassy, Addis Ababa 20. Fawood Childrens Center, London 21. Seewurfel, Zurich 22. House K, Stocksund 23. Allianz Arena, Munich 24. Element House, Seoul 25. Perimeter Institute, Ontario
La arquitectura contempornea sustituye la idea de fachada por aquella de piel: una capa exterior que media entre el edicio y su entorno. No una elevacin neutral, sino una membrana activa, informada; comunicativa y en comunicacin. Ms bien que paredes con agujeros, pieles tcnicas, interactivas. Pieles colonizadas por elementos funcionales capaces de contener las instalaciones y los servicios; capaz de recibir y de transmitir energas; pero tambin capaces de contener otras capas incorporadas: traslape ms bien que pegamento. Correcciones manipuladas y/o temporales, erupciones, grcos o grabados; pero tambin imgenes proyectadas. As como reversible y virtual - fantasas digitales dirigidas transformando el interfaz autntico del edicio entre el individuo y el entorno; y la fachada, en pantalla (inter)activa, el lmite friccional entre el edicio y un contexto que cambia con el tiempo.
Manuel Gausa, the metapolis dictionary of advanced architecture.
piel
skin
Contemporary architecture replaces the idea of faade with that of skin: an exterior layer mediating between the building and its environment. Not a neutral elevation, but rather an active, informed membrane; communicative an in communication. Rather than walls with holes, technical, interactive skins. Skins colonised by functional elements capable of housing installation and services; capable of receiving and transmitting energies; but also capables of supporting other incorporated layers: overlapping rather than adhesive. Manipulated and/or temporary patches, eruptions, graphics or engravings; but also projected images. Colourful reversible motif and virtual -digital- fantasies aimed at transforming the building into authentic interface between individual and environment; and the faade, into an (inter)active screen, the frictional boundary between the building and a context which changes over time.
Manuel Gausa, the metapolis dictionary of advanced architecture.
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kunsthaus, graz-austria
El Kunsthaus de Graz, ubicado al lado del ro Mur ha sido diseado como un centro artstico para organizar exposiciones internacionales de arte moderno multidisciplinario. La principal particularidad de este proyecto la conforma su fachada: su supercie exterior biomrca puede presentar mltiples aspectos, ya que puede ser modicada electrnicamente. Su piel azul brillante ota sobre una supercie de aspecto vidrioso y reectante que provoca un efecto de burbuja. Con el diseo realizado para este edicio la rma berlinesa BIX ha creado una fusin nica entre arquitectura y tecnologa meditica . 900 m2 de instalacin multimedia realizada con anillos de luz se encuentran dispuestos debajo de la supercie de acrlico orientada hacia el ro; puede considerarse como una gran pantalla urbana, un nuevo instrumento para la produccin artstica. Todo esto es posible gracias a la utilizacin de 930 lmparas circulares de luz uorescente de 40 W, cada lmpara funciona como un pxel que puede ser controlado individualmente desde un ordenador central; de esta forma, signos simples, imgenes y lmes de baja resolucin pueden ser proyectados a lo largo de toda la fachada.
11 arquitectura peter cook & colin fournier construccin 2003 rea 11,100 m2 paneles acrlicos 1068, de 2x3 m, espesor 20 mm peso burbuja 3,9 ton http://www.bix.at http://www.kunsthausgraz. at fotos harry schiffer cortesa design group realities:united () / zepp cam 2004 cortesa presse@ kunsthausgraz.at
470415N 152603E
The Kunsthaus of Graz, located to the ank of the Mur river has been designed like an artistic centre to organize international exhibitions of multidisciplinary modern art. The main particularity of this project is the faade: its biomorphic outer surface can display manifold aspects, since it can be electronically modied. Its blue skin shining eet on a glassy and reecting surface causes a bubble effect. The company Berliner BIX has created a unique fusion between architecture and mediatic technology with the design made for this building. The 900 sm of multimedia installation, made with light rings, is arranged underneath an acrylic glass surface oriented towards the river; it can be considered like a great urban screen, a new instrument for the artistic production. All this is possible using 930 circular lamps of uorescent light of 40W, were each lamp works like a pixel that can be controlled individually from a central computer; of this form, simple signs images and lms of low resolution can be projected throughout all the faade.
Detrs de esta piel, realities:united ha instalado un campo de las lmparas de nen. El rea cubierta es aproximadamente 20 x 45 m. Cada lmpara es individual e innitamente ajustable. La luminosidad se puede variar entre el 0% y 100%. Con la ayuda de animaciones esquemticas de un sistema de control numrico, pueden ser proyectados grcos y textos. Puede alcanzar una velocidad de 20 imgenes por segundo.
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Behind this skin realities: united has installed a eld of neon lamps. The c o v e r e d a r e a i s approximately 20 m high and 45 m broad. Each lamp is individually and innitely adjustable. Luminosity can be varied between 0% and 100%. With the help of a digital control system schematic animations, graphics and alphabets can be displayed. A speed of 20 frames per second can be achieved.
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381743S 1442321E
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arquitectura sean godsell architects proyecto sean godsell, hayley franklin ingeniera john mullen + partners constructor kane construction (Vic) pty ltd ubicacin Breamlea rea 210 m2 cliente earl carter + wanda tucker fotos earl carter
The special fact of this house, located in Australia, is its box-shaped form of 12,00x6,00 m, within which all the program of design is developed. Its skin has been thought with parameters of Japanese and Chinese architecture. In the Japanese traditional architecture, if linked to the structure, the corridor (gejin) is not continuous, but a uid space within the buildings. Of the same form that Braque or Picasso created his rst cubistas paintings, the architect has made faade elements that are not evident of immediate way. All surrounding is formed by screen of wood which, according to requirements of the client, has openings in diverse points that can voluntarily be operated to show a totally hermetic box or a box perforated according to what is desired.The faades are veiled with a system of adjustable louvers, which blur the edges of the building and constantly modify its appearance depending upon the position of the viewer.
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La Carter Tucker House es principalmente un proyecto de investigacin del uso de las barandas como cerramiento y su potencial como un cono comn entre la arquitectura de Oriente y Occidente.
The Carter Tucker House is primarily an investigation of the verandah / aisle and its potential as an iconic element, common between eastern and western architecture.
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watercube, beijing-china
El Centro Nacional de Natacin, ms conocido como watercube ser una de las instalaciones ms novedosas de los juegos olmpicos de Pekn 2008. La estructura de este espectacular edicio est basada en la formacin natural que presentan las burbujas de jabn, unas estructuras orgnicas y aleatorias, pero al mismo tiempo repetitivas. Para lograr el diseo denitivo de dicha estructura se utilizaron las investigaciones de Weaire y Phelan (profesores de fsica), acerca de como las burbujas de jabn pueden ser ordenadas en una grilla innita. Es una de las formas ms efectivas para subdividir el espacio tridimensional y estar revestida con placas de ETFE (ethylene tetrauoroethylene), un material novedoso con unas excelentes propiedades aislantes y que se distingue por su ligereza, un dato a tener muy en cuenta para poder cumplir con la normativa antissmica de Pekn. Tanto muros como cubierta tendrn una doble piel, las primeras con un espesor de 3,60 m y la cubierta con 7,20 m entre ambas capas. Estas pieles han sido creadas para actuar como un invernadero, permitiendo grandes cantidades de luz natural y utilizando las radiaciones solares para lograr el confort trmico interior y calentar el agua de las piscinas.
arquitectura PTW architects+CSCEC+ARUP estructura ove arup materiales 6.500 toneladas de acero elementos metlicos 22,000 nodos 12,000 tamao total 177 x 177 x 31 m fotos PTW Architects / Arup / CSCEC - FHKE - angus macleod
395965N 1162302E
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The National Swimming Center, known as The Water Cube, will be one of the most dramatic and exciting venues to feature sporting events for the Beijing Olympics in 2008. The structure of this dramatic building is based on the most effective sub-division of three-dimensional space, the fundamental arrangement of organic cells and the natural formation of soap bubbles, to give it a random, organic appearance. To arrive at the buildings structural design, it was used research undertaken by Weaire and Phelan (professors of physics) into how soap bubbles might be arranged in an innite array. It will be clad in ETFE foil cushions, which have excellent insulation properties. It is distinguished by its lightness, a data fundamental to take into consideration to fulll the antiseismic norm of Beijing. Walls, as well as roof, will be covered with one double skin, rst with a thickness of 3.60 mts and cover with 7.20 mts between both layers. It has been created to act like a greenhouse effect, being allowed great amounts of natural light, and using the solar radiations to obtain the inner thermal comfort and
to warm up the water of the swimming pools.
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La piel de The Water Cube estar revestida por placas de ETFE que cubren tanto el exterior como el interior de la estructura, lo que hace un total aproximado de 100.000 m2 de revestimiento. Este material posee una vida til de 20 aos y pesa solamente un 1% de una placa equivalente en vidrio. Durante el verano, el aire fro entra por la parte baja de la piel y le permite salir por la parte superior, mientras las placas de ETFE funcionan como protector solar. En invierno, el aire fro entra por la parte baja, pero si se mantiene cerrada la parte superior de la envolvente, el aire circula y se calienta con la radiacin solar que recibe, transmitindola de esta forma al interior.
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The skin of the Water Cube, wich covers both the inside and outside of the structure, has 100,000 sm of ETFE. Its durability is more than 20 years and weighs just one percent of an equivalent-sized glass panel. During the summer, the cold air enters by the low part of the skin and it allows him to leave by the superior part, while the ETFE cladding works like solar protector. In winter, the cold air enters by the low part, but with maintaining closed the superior part of the coating, the air circulates and it is warmed up with the solar radiation that receives, transmitting it in this way to the interior.
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Each one of the buildings that form the set is independent of the others, but, thanks to its design and the meticulous work of the faades, a great integration among them is obtained. Its constructive system uses a novel scheme of geometric surfaces working as a fractal faade. In this case, it is developed to a modular system that uses ve triangles, all of the same size, with which a similar triangular panel but of greater dimension forms. These triangles of identical size repeat 22,073 times in a combination of plates of three revetting materials: plates of arenaceous stone, zinc (solid and perforated) and glass. The three have been used within one structural grid that maintains the triangular panels. By means of the diverse proportions of these three materials in each facade, combinations are obtained that create different models or gures. The design complements the diverse types of materials used with the highest technologies of premanufacture, as it requires the accomplishment of a constructive complex of these dimensions.
Segn Batty y Longley, Fractales son aquellos objetos de cualquier clase cuya forma espacial no sea en ninguna parte lisa, por lo tanto llamada irregular, y que su irregularidad se repita a s misma geomtricamente a travs de muchas escalas According to Batty and Longley Fractals are those objects of any class whose form space is nowhere smooth, therefore called irregular, and that its irregularity is repeated geometrically to itself through many scales
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the open galvanised structural frames of the atrium evolved from the same triangular geometry as that of the facades, but developed as a folded three-dimensional system glazed both inside and out. The deep space of this supporting frame acts as a thermal chimney, evacuating the build-up of hot air. the atrium space itself is conditioned by a passive-cooling system, using a low-level air displacement system to keep the comfort zone of the atrium up to 12 C cooler than the outside temperature in summer.
462957N 095016E
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The Chesa Futura apartment building in the Engadin Valley fuses stateof- the-art computer design tools and traditional, indigenous building techniques to create an environmentally sensitive building. Although its form is novel, it utilises timber construction - one of the oldest, most environmentally benign and sustainable forms of building. In Switzerland, building in timber is particularly appropriate, following indigenous architectural traditions and contributing to a local foresting practice of harvesting older trees to encourage regeneration. Furthermore, timber is a renewable resource, it absorbs carbon dioxide as it is growing and, if local wood is used, little energy is consumed in transporting it. The larch shingles that make up the buildings skin will respond to weather, changing colour over time, and appear as an organic part of the landscape. The curved form allows windows to wrap around the facade, providing panoramic views of the lake and surrounding mountains. On the south facade are balconies which benet from sunlight, while the colder north facade facing the mountain is closed, providing insulation through its thermal mass.
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La forma del edicio responde a la interaccin de diversos factores, entre los que se incluyen la naturaleza del sitio, las regulaciones locales de planeamiento y las condiciones ambientales. La divisin de espacios es simple y bajo la superestructura de madera que la conforma, se alojan seis apartamentos residenciales que suman un total de 2,500 m2. The buildings shape tems from the interaction of several factors, including the nature of the site, local planning regulations and weather conditions. It has a simple and straighforward division of functions: the timber superstructure houses six residential apartments totaling 2,500 sm.
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El edicio, aparte de su cubierta de cobre, est revestido enteramente de placas cortadas manualmente de los rboles locales por los fabricantes de lamas de madera de Engandine Valley. Todas fueron tomadas a la misma altitud durante el ivierno, cuando la madera est seca, por lo que esas placas no cambiaran de tamao. Simplemente clavadas, las placas durarn aproximadamente 80 aos, respondiendo ambientalmente mediante un cambio de color. Todo este revestimiento se encuntra soportado por elementos metlicos, una grilla de vigas ortogonales apoyadas en ocho columnas inclinadas. Una viga perimetral soporta las placas exteriores.
The building, apart from the copper on the roof, is clad entirely in larch shingles, cut from local trees handpicked by the shinglemaker in the Engadine Valley. They were all felled at the same altitude during winter when the wood is dry, so that the timber will not shrink. Simply nailed to battens by hand, the shingles should last for at least 80 years, responding to the environment by changing colour. The structural elements that support the timber superstructure in its elevated position are made of steel: a grillage of orthogonal crossbeams supported by eight inclined steel columns. An edge beam runs around the perimeter and picks up the timber outer shell, which comes down on the cantilevering grillage and slab.
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sudwestmetall, baden-wrttemberg-alemania
Simple en forma pero complejo en su realizacin, el diseo reconcilia las regulaciones locales de edicacin con el deseo del Sdwestmetall de expresar su identidad a travs del metal que se procesa en sus fbricas. En el diseo de este edicio se conjugan los sillares tradicionales utilizados en esta zona con materiales novedosos para su realizacin. La piel de este bloque de ocinas consiste en una doble supercie desarrollada con dos metales diferentes: un zcalo de gran tamao hecho con placas de acero que cubre toda la primera planta y se une en forma de pavimento con el exterior. Este sirve como pantalla para la fachada de cristal, mientras que los pisos superiores estn cubiertos por placas lisas de acero inoxidable operables, funcionando como ventanas. El espacio abierto que resulta representa una integracin completa entre el edicio y su entorno, mientras que el diseo de agujeros de las placas permite sembrar csped en las reas de pavimento y al mismo tiempo, funciona como tamiz para la luz que entra al edicio.
32 arquitectura allaman sattler wappner BDA ao 2002 rea 4,200 m2 placas metlicas roswitha allmann mediendesign paisajismo realgrun landschaftsarchitekten fachada fuchs R+R fotos f. holzherr cortesia de allmann sattler wappner
482943N 091255E
Simple in shape but complex in its realisation, the design reconciles the local building regulations with the Sdwestmetalls desire to express its identity as the metal processing employers organisation.The additive arrangement of individual buildings permits an efcient concentration of building masses with differentiated interstices. The surfaces consist of two differently worked metals. A latticework of cast-steel elements formulates the ground-oor exterior and facade and quotes the wrought-iron trelliswork of the adjacent building; lled with aggregate and earth, the ornament, which is used mainly horizontally, is continued vertically on the facades of the cube and as a screen in front of the glass facade. The upper oors are shrouded by a smooth at stainless steel plating that opens up in the window areas. This is countered by the cast-steel trelliswork which can be walked over on the ground. The resulting open space represents a link to the public-oriented uses of the ground oor, which overow into the open space.
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La base o zcalo de estos edicios mide 3,00 mts de alto y se encuentra realizada a base de placas metlicas con un trabajo ornamental que simula hojas y que logra un efecto de continuidad entre el pavimento, la vegetacin y los edicios mismos. Este hecho reeja por si mismo la versatilidad del material. The 3 metre high base dened by the ornamental metal trelliswork emphasises the high value stainless steel faade, which at this level is totally integrated with its sourronding, and the differing perception of the base and of the smooth emphasises also the versatility of the material.
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La base del edicio y su rea circundante est cubierta de 3,164 placas de acero inoxidable, creando un ornamento parecido a un rompecabezas. Estas supercies ms speras contrastan con la fachada lisa, tratada, llamando la atencin a la versatilidad del material. Detrs del enrejado est el rasgo de diseo ms innovador, la doble fachada blindada de la piel del edicio. Una capa interior de vidrio est compuesta de paneles de piso a techo que los usuarios pueden abrir y cerrar individualmente. Separado por una distancia de 0.75 mts. esta la piel externa, hecha de hojas de acero inoxidable 4 mm de espesor, colgadas sobre marcos de acero inoxidable unidos a la estructura concreta de losas de piso y las escaleras. Esto se hace colgando sus marcos sobre conexiones que se deslizan, teniendo en cuenta el crecimiento termal en uniones de extensin solas sobre cada lado de la fachada. En vez de ventanas tradicionales, el edicio presenta obturadores motorizados, construidos de las mismas hojas de acero inoxidable que se usan en el resto de la fachada.
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kronjylland, randers-dinamarca
Las ocinas centrales del la Caja de Ahorros Kronjylland estn situadas en la rivera del mayor ro de Dinamarca, el Guden, en el pueblo de Randers. Las nuevas ocinas, un objeto monoltico y bien denido en el medio de un campo verde al lado del ro. La capa exterior de la fachada se encuentra revestida con placas de vidrio serigraado con un lm especial de seda translcido, que provee uniformidad homognea cuando es visto a travs de los materiales. La supercie de sedamate inhibe la reexin solar y se utiliza como aislante trmico debido a sus propiedades. Cada una de estas placas se puede abrir y cerrar individualmente al ser controladas desde los telfonos de cada escritorio: Con el nuevo sistema e-drive colocado en la piel del edicio se pueden lograr fachadas con sistemas descentralizados de unidades inteligentes. Cada placa posee un diseo de lneas de varios espesores y espaciamientos lo que le da al material de la fachada la funcin de protector solar, permitiendo tanto la iluminacin como la ventilacin natural. Estas piezas pueden pivotar totalmente hasta la posicin horizontal, permitiendo una vista clara y sin obstculos del exterior.
arquitectura 3xNielsen kim herforth nielsen / kim christiansen / bo boje larsen cliente savings bank kronjylland paisajismo kristine jensen constructor NCC Denmark ingeniera rambll A/S nalizacin de la obra junio 2002 rea 7,600 m2 coste 9,500,000 euros fotos adam mork courtesy of 3xNielsen
562719N 100276E
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The headquarters of the Savings Bank Kronjylland are situated on the banks of largest river in Denmark; the Guden River, by the town of Randers. The new head ofce - a sharp, monolithic object in a green meadow down to the rivers edge. The outer layer of the facade is coated with a shimmering of crisp, serigraphed glass plates with silk stripes. In front of the windows they serve as a transparent solar screen but light and weather permitting they can swivel to the horizontal to provide a completely unobstructed view, controled directly from the telephones in each desk: With the new e-drive system located on the building skin, it can be obtained intelligent faades. Each plate has a design with stripes of varying widths and spacing, that act as a solar protection. When the plates swivel, it can be obtained a complete view of the exterior.
38 El procedimiento es aplicar la serigrafa a un lado del cristal y luego templarlo dentro de un horno, para que el acabado sea permanente; para obtener el mejor comportamiento del material ante la radiacin solar, se recomienda imprimar los patrones de seda a la segunda de las supercies. Este revestimiento en dos supercies llega a ser ms evidente en el interior durante la noche, al complementarse con la iluminacin interior indirecta. The procedure is to apply the silk-screen printing to one side of the crystal and soon to temper it within a furnace, so that the nished is permanent; in order to obtain the best behavior of the material in contact with the solar radiation, it is recommended to print the patterns of silk to second of the surfaces. This coating in two surfaces gets to be more evident in the interior during the night, when complementing itself with the indirect inner illumination.
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The library of school-committed Villa of the Children in zone 6 of the city of Guatemala, is part of a set of buildings that lodge thousand children who live in extreme poverty and with a future very limited. In there, the korean catholic nuns offer them an education opportunity, feeding and hosting with no cost. The building was constructed to serve a group of students who come from the poorest sectors of the country and here they receive free education. The library had to be a building that connected them with its origins and to comfort the children in the distance of his families and born place. For all these reasons it was constructed with the idea of that kind of ceilings and bricks, as well as the abstraction of the forest in the volume of the launching slips. With this kind of design it is obtained the balance that the architects were looking for. Balance between translucent and solid, dynamic and static. An enameled brick was used that avoids the painting use and facilitates its cleaning. In addition it was used exposed concrete, stainless steel and aluminum hard anodizing. No outer surface uses painting and its maintenance is minimum.
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The Xeros project is sited within a late 1950s era neighborhood where the urban grid of Phoenix, Arizona is overtaken by the organic land forms of the north phoenix mountain preserve. Called Xeros (from the Greek for dry) as a reminder that all design solutions should be in a direct response to the environment in which the project exists - the building has several environmentally responsible decisions. The form turns an opaque face towards the intense western afternoon sun and the more exposed faces to the south and east are shielded by an external layer of woven metal shade mesh. The long, narrow lot precipitated very tall from with a petite foot print allows the maximum amount of site to be retained for vegetation. The low-water use vegetation is positioned around the residence to add to the shading effect of the screen. The site itself was recycled in that new life was injected into a neglected plot in a neglected Phoenix neighborhood. The primary building material is exposed steel (as structure, cladding, and shading) that is allowed to weather naturally and meld with the color of the surrounding hills.
external shade system is employed to modlate daylight and keep the radiant heat energy out of the building; mindful placement of fenestration keeps heat out of the building during the late afternoon (period of greatest heat gain).
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arquitectura EMBT arquitectes associats cliente ajuntament de barcelona premios premi nacional de la generalitat de catalunya 2001 / III premios azulejos de espaa apartado arquitectura ao 2005 constructor COMSA fotos ethel baraona
There are some projects in which the skin is the axis of the personality of the building, buildings in which the coating is folded on itself and returns cover. In this case a cover like a cathedral: a cover that welcomes under its entire surface a space created for public use, daily, necessary. The market of Santa Catarina is raised on the old ruins of a monastery of XIII century and which skin has been created later than the whole design, reaching the nal solution little by little. On a complex structure have been placed more than 325,000 hexagonal ceramics in 67 colors. Those pieces simulate the colorful and richness of textures of fruits and vegetablesthat can be found in the market. For it, EMBT equipment has counted with the collaboration of the ceramist Toni Cumella. These ceramic coating rests on a structure made with a great diversity of materials: concrete, metallic structures, wood and the same ceramics. To shape the 5,500sm of the structure, there where used diverse studies of scale models and computer simulations.
Pueden verse aqu algunos de los estudios realizados por ordenador, hasta lograr denir la forma nal de la cubierta y los materiales con los que ha de realizarse. It can be seen some of the scale computer studies made to nd the nal shape of the coating ant the materials to use.
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Sobre estos arcos se ha colocado una supercie formada por entablillados de madera que sirven de base a las piezas de cermica que dan el acabado nal a la cubierta. Las cermicas son de dos tipos, mayoritariamente piezas hexagonales y para cubrir los canales de la cubierta, una cantidad menor de piezas rectangulares. Son todas piezas numeradas y ordenadas de gres esmaltado y cocido a alta temperatura con esmaltes brillantes transparentes. On these arcs a surface formed has been placed by platforms of wood that serve as base, the ceramics pieces which give the nal nished one to the cover. The ceramics are of two types, mainly hexagonal pieces and to cover the channels a smaller amount of rectangular pieces. They are all pieces numbered and ordered of enameled stoneware and spanish stew to high temperature with shining enamels transparencies.
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In order to reduce the possibility of delay, emergency response demands absolute priority for concentration of information, the precision of spatial organization. Consequently, the detailed choice of materials and the general t of spaces and functions are made clear. The re station is encompassed in a uniform skin. The shape is deliberately simple: Rectangular boxes with sloping roofs. Openings correspond to needs, no more, no less. In this way, materials are chosen for their robustness, durability, and ease of maintenance. The building is clad with mirrored stainless steel panels. To the repetitive rhythm of panels, openings appear as random. Visible from the overhangs of neighboring buildings, the roong is designed as a fth faade. The at building is clad with copper-toned aluminium panels. Aluminium windows of opening and xed-frame type are of the same colour. Gold glass merges with yellow, orange and red glass to evoke, in an elliptical manner, the spirit of re.
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Londons rst ecological tall building and an instantly recognisable addition to the citys skyline, 30 St Mary Axe is rooted in a radical approach - technically, architecturally, socially and spatially. It rises forty-one storeys and provides 76,400 square metres of accommodation, including shopping arcade accessed from a newly created public plaza. Environmentally, its prole reduces the amount of wind deected to the ground compared with a rectilinear tower of similar size and creates external pressure differentials that are exploited to drive a unique system of natural ventilation. Resolving walls and roof into a continuous triangulated skin, the towers diagonally braced structural envelope allows column-free oor space and a fully glazed facade, which opens up the building to light and views. Atria between the radiating ngers of each oor link together vertically to form a series of informal break-out spaces that spiral up the building. This system reduces the towers reliance on air conditioning and together with other sustainable measures, means that the building is expected to use up to half the energy consumed by air-conditioned ofce towers.
30 St Mary Axes curved form is derived from a diagrid system that includes 360 steel nodes The nodes consist of three steel plates welded together at different angles. Each connection is up to 2m high and links the 2500 tonnes of steel that make up the diagrid. The diagrid responds to the buildings curved shape and provides vertical support to the oors thus allowing large internal column free ofce space. In addition to being highly efcient in resisting wind forces, the diagrid frames the communal lightwells which spiral up the building enabling occupants to enjoy natural light deep into the oor plates.
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The NkMip Desert Cultural Centre is designed to be a specic and sustainable response to the buildings unique contextthe unusual Canadian desert found south of the Okanagan Valley in Osoyoos, British Columbia. Sited adjacent to a remnant of the Great Basin Desert (approximately 1,600 acres are being preserved by the band as a conservation area), this interpretative centre is part of a larger 200-acre master plan that includes a winery, golf club, and a resort hotel. The building features indoor and outdoor exhibits that celebrate the culture and the history of the band, and is designed to be an extension of the remarkable site, and reects the bands role as stewards of the land. The desert landscape ows over the buildings green roof, held back by a rammed earth wall. The partially submerged building is sited very specically to focus the visitors eye away from the encroaching development of Osoyoos to the west, with the height of the wall set to create a layered view of the desert rising up in the middle ground, receding to the riparian landscape adjacent, and the mountains in the distance.
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El elemento arquitectnico que da carcter al conjunto est hecho con tierras del lugar de diferentes tonalidades, estabilizada con arena y cemento. Por esta razn el muro tiene el color y textura que predomina en el entorno. La textura da forma a un ornamento abstracto, de lneas zigzagueantes, que evocan la sedimentacin geolgica usando un lenguaje arquitectnico claramente contemporneo. La versin contempornea del muro de tierra combina capas de 25cm de tierra estabilizada con capas de 10cm de material aislante de bajo impacto ambiental . Mediante medios neumticos se compact el material hasta el 50% de su altura en estado natural con lo que se logra la densidad y el aislamiento necesarios para su conservacin a la intemperie.
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The Maritime Youth House is shared by two clients, a sail club and a youth house, who had very different programs. The youth house needed outdoor space for the kids to play, the sail club needed most of the site to park their boats. Instead of using the 25% of the budget allocated to clean the polluted site, the architects discovered that the pollution was heavy metals, and therefore stable. If they covered the entire site with a wooden deck, without reaching the bottom, it was not necessary to clean the site. This meant that the entire budget could be spend on the program and the architecture. In the places where the deck rises it allows for boat storage underneath and, at the same time, becomes an exciting play areas for the kids. The curved deck is not about introducing an advanced formal discourse or architectural philosophy to the project. It is an example of simple reasoning on the basis of the complexity of a programme and a limited budget. The deck as such is a core part of the project. It is a component that not only integrates, but creates a sequence and connection between various architectural elements.
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062501N 743021W
The chapel in la Calera has a basic geometry designed to alter the territory as little as possible. It uses the natural features of the environment, the wind and the light, to create an essential harmony. The chapel is designed to open to the outside to allow worshipers to gather in mass. This architectural design appeases both small private groups and large public functions, in a country full of contrasts, making this transformation a symbolic within itself.The relation between a still and a mobile volume represents the passage between two worlds, between the known and the unknown, the light and the darkness. As the door opens, a mystery is revealed, and has a dynamic and psychological value, not only showing us a landscape, but inviting us to pass trough it. The materials work on these same principles, they mimic the natural surroundings. In this way the rigid structures are static as the stones, while the mobile body made of steel, glass and wood form an interwoven design. The reecting pond, on one of the chapels sides, dilutes the massive structure into the landscape, and it also accents and distorts the volume to make its density to fade away.
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531312N 063939W
En el ao 2000, el condado de Kildare y el consejo de la ciudad de Naas tomaron una decisin estratgica para consolidar la disposicin de los servicios de la autoridad local en una ubicacin centralizada. El escrito tambin estipulaba que el proyecto fuese diseado con un alto nivel de sostenibilidad. La fachada principales del edicio de ocinas tienen una estructura de hormign reforzado expuesto, su alta capacidad trmica le proporciona un papel activo en el control ambiental de las ocinas. Las fachadas del edicio son de cristal esmaltado para maximizar la luz natural disponible. Un muro cortina tambin de vidrio esmaltado cubre el edicio entero, transformando de elementos slidos en elementos de apariencia liviana, acorde a su localizacin. En el lado del jardn una piel exterior de cristal sin marcos cubre todo con una pantalla impresa con motivos naturales que proporcionan sombra y crea un espacio a manera de vestbulo en la entrada. Las calidades del cristal como material reectante, refractan, absorben la luz y cambian el grado de transparencia percibido por las personas en el interior. Una visual bastante compleja es creada por el ngulo que pone en contraste la inclinacin y la orientacin de las fachadas enfrentadas.
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The Central Library stands on a periphery site of the University Campus, occupying a narrow parcel near the parking area of the institution, next to the city limits of Ponta Delgada. The brieng obliged to a full occupation of the plot available area, considering also the compromise to preserve the scale of the urban area confronting the University Campus, by the north side; as well the need to face the emptiness of the parking space, by the east side.The new library structure seats on a pedestal, witch multiplies the density of the pervasive basalts coarse pores, by horizontally stacking tinder-sized cuts with the appearance of geological strata, forming the striated library faade plinth.The dark grey concrete used in the new building, stained in transparent amber, retains the grain and scale of its narrow slats of wood formwork. With the burgundyoxidized screens of stretched Cor-Ten steel, continues the dialogue of striation and piling that draw the visitors up to the band of black ramps into the perched reading areas and book stacks.These Cor-Ten steel screens work like a kind of a veil; observed from far, the building reveals only its opacity; but close to it, the librarys various levels are revealed.
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The new de Young provides San Francisco with a landmark art museum. The tower is located on the east side of the building. It gently twists to form a parallelogram as it rises to a height of 144 feet, aligning at the top with the grid formed by the streets of San Francisco. The towers top-oor observation deck is free to the public and offers a dazzling panoramic view of the City, San Francisco Bay and the Marin headlands. The buildings dramatic copper facade is perforated and textured to replicate the impression made by light ltering through a tree canopy, creating an artistic abstraction on the exterior of the museum that resonates with the de Youngs arboreal park setting. The copper skin, chosen for its changeable quality through oxidation, will assume a rich green patina over time that will blend gracefully with the surrounding environment.
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El diseo paisajista del museo de Young, incluye un jardn escultrico, una terraza y un jardn infantil. El ambiente exterior est diseado especcamente para crear un enlace tangible entre el edicio y el parque que lo rodea. Utilizando elementos icnicos del antiguo museo, la arquitectura del paisaje incorpora las esculturas originales de esnges, el Estanque del Encanto y las histricas palmas que cuentan con ms de 100 aos de antigedad. The outdoor environment of the new de Young features the Barbro Osher Sculpture Garden and terrace beneath a cantilevered roof, the George and Judy Marcus Childrens Garden of Enchantment, and landscaping that creates an organic link between the building and the surrounding environment on all four sides. The landscape design integrates historic elements from the old de Young including the sphinx sculptures, the Pool of Enchantment, and the original palm trees as well as sandstone, redwood, ferns, and other plants and materials relevant to the site.
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architects dick van gameren and bjarne mastenbroek - ABBA architects Plc, ethiopia rahel shawl local project manager gary campbell client dutch ministry of foreign affairs engineering consultant Arup Associates completed 2005 prizes aga khan award for architecture 2007 photos christian ritchers courtesy of http://78.136.16.169/2007photos.html
The Royal Netherlands Embassy complex lies amidst the urban sprawl on the southern outskirts of Addis Ababa, enclosed within a dense eucalyptus grove. The architects guiding principle was to preserve and respect the topography of the surrounding landscape while addressing the functional requirements of a working embassy. They took care to maintain existing contour lines and leave the vegetation and wildlife undisturbed. The main building, an elongated horizontal volume, cuts across the sloping terrain on an east west axis. Walls, oors and ceilings are pigmented the same red-ochre as the Ethiopian earth and are uniformly composed of concrete, creating the effect of a cave-like space, reminiscent of the rock-hewn architecture of Ethiopia. By contrast, the roof garden with its network of shallow pools alludes to a Dutch water landscape.
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The Fawood Childrens Centre provides a delightful safe environment for pre school children within a spectacular new building on the Stonebridge estate. Alsop & Partners has created an intriguing and imaginative community resource by designing the Centre as a vast shed-like enclosure encompassing brightly coloured classroom units interspersed with protected external play areas. Recycled prefabricated three-storey sea containers, resembling giant childrens building blocks, have been specially adapted, decorated and tted out to provide the necessary indoor play and teaching areas. Largely protected from the elements by the lightweight roof and mesh walls, the external space of the Childrens Centre, featuring a piazza for outdoor picnics, a willow tunnel, a tree house and a water garden, provide hours of enjoyable play in what are in effect outdoor rooms. However in designing the new Childrens Centre for Stonebridge, Alsop, in antithesis of the traditional approach, sought to provide a total integration of the external and internal learning environments within a simple building enclosure.
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En el exterior, las zonas ajardinadas con densa vegetacin, con una iluminacin alta formarn una zona intermedia con el parque futuro. La azotea de la estructura se forma de una mezcla de revestimiento de policarbonato opal y de revestimiento de acero perlado con pintura de polvo rosado brillante en correas de acero galvanizadas y marcos del portal. On the outside, planting and hard landscaping with up-lighting will form a buffer zone with the future park. The roof of the structure is formed of a mix of opal polycarbonate roof cladding and bright pink powdercoated proled steel cladding on galvanised steel purlins and portal frame.
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seewurfel, zurich-suiza
Los nuevos edicios de apartamentos (seewurfel signica cubos lacustres) se encuentran ubicados en el centro de Zurich y ofrecen unas espectaculares vistas del lago y sus alrededores. Este es un proyecto para regenerar un rea puramente industrial y transformarla en un centro para viviendas y ocinas, adems de integrarlo adecuadamente a la zona de fbricas antiguas de la localidad. Cada uno de los ocho edicios ha sido diseado de forma y tamao diferente a los dems, lo que le permite integrarse a la escala existente en los alrededores. El concepto de la piel de todo el proyecto promueve los principios de individualidad e integracin. En las fachadas cerradas se ha utilizado una pantalla anti-lluvia realizada con dos materiales diferentes para acentuar los volmenes. Paneles grises de brocemento se han utilizado en todos los edicios y para dar a cada uno de ellos una caracterstica diferente, CamezindEvolution dise especialmente un sistema de paneles de madera y vidrio unidos con silicona. Son paneles de 20mm de espesor, que consisten en 6mm de vidrio endurecido y una chapa de 8mm de MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard) esmaltadas con proteccin UV.
102 cliente swiss life zurich arquitectura camezind evolution rea 11,950 m2 coste 36,000,000 euros constructor halter generalunternehmung AG fachada feroplan engineering AG fotos ferit kuyas / jean-jacques ruchti / reinhard zimmermann courtesy of camenzind evolutio premios RIBA award winner 2005
472055N 083350E
The eight new apartment and ofce buildings Seewurfel (meaning Lake Cubes) are situated close to the town centre of Zurich and offer stunning views of the lake and surrounding cityscape. The project regenerates a former industrial site into a new attractive centre for working and living and integrates itself harmoniously into the existing historic fabric of the area. All buildings are designed to be different in shape and size, which enables them to make a natural connection with the existing scale of the historic and listed neighbouring buildings. The concept of materials for the cladding develops further the principles of individuality and integration. For the closed facades, rain-screen cladding with two different materials was used to accentuate the concept of interpenetrating and projecting volumes. The grey bre-cement cladding panels form the integrating element and are used on all buildings. To give the buildings their own individuality and unique identity within the Seewurfel development, CamenzindEvolution specically developed a new siliconbonded timber-glass-panel cladding system. The 20 mm thick panels consist of two layers of 6 mm semi-toughend glass and an 8 mm veneered and UV-varnished MDF board.
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Los tres tipos de madera contrachapada usados, de fuentes certicadas, fueron seleccionados para su grano individual de color que posee cada uno y que constituye su carcter particular. El color y textura fuertes de los paneles del madera-cristal, junto con las reexiones suaves, mviles sobre el cristal, alcanzan un carcter humano de ligereza y de calor que se trasmite a las plazas exteriores. El juego constante de la luz y del color, junto con los cambios estacionales de rboles y el follaje de estas plazas ajardinadas, crea un ambiente inspirante todo el ao para los arrendatarios, los habitantes y los vecinos. Los paneles facilitan una conexin sutil y armoniosa con las fachadas adyacentes de ladrillo y los edicios de madera. The three different types of wood-veneer used, from certied forest management sources, were selected for their individual colour and wood grain which gives each building its distinct character. The strong colour and texture of the timberglass panels, together with the soft, moving reections on the glass, achieve a human ambience of lightness and warmth in the exterior piazzas. The constant play of light and colour, together with the seasonal changes of trees and foliage of the landscaped piazzas, create an all-yearround inspiring environment for tenants, inhabitants and neighbours. The timerglass panels also facilitate a subtle and harmonious connection with the adjacent brick facades and timber-framed buildings.
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House K, stocksund-sweden
La Casa K es un bloque estrecho que atraviesa el lote separndolo en un jardn anterior y un jardn posterior. Esta posicin en el terreno favorece que la casa sea vista casi siempre de frente y percibida como una pared hueca cuya profundidad apenas alcanza para albergar los espacios habitables. El bloque provee espacios que reciben la luz desde diversas direcciones. Esto se acenta por medio de dos espacios en doble altura que adems conducen las visuales en forma diagonal a travs del interior. La planta baja es un gran espacio continuo y la planta alta est fuertemente caracterizada por un pasillo central que balconea a ambos huecos. Pero ninguno de los planos resulta tan elocuente como la maqueta virtual, cuyos volmenes representan no los llenos sino los vacos del espacio interior. La construccin es simple y econmica: una cscara continua de hormign armado envuelta por una estructura de madera de bastidores y tableros. La aislacin trmica reviste la cscara de hormign por fuera y por dentro. En el interior, placas de yeso tipo Pladur o Durlock completan la estanqueidad trmica y simplican la instalacin de conductos. El hormign slo se maniesta en la marquesina de la entrada.
architecture tham & videgrd hansson arkitekter area 285 sqm roof terrace 20 sqm. date of completion november 2004 photographer ke E:son Lindman
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The house in Stocksund is a thin block with cut-outs for light, double-heights and a roof terrace. Using the full width of the property it separates the front yard facing east from the garden in south-west. Through its position on the site, the house is experienced almost exclusively at an frontal angle, and appears as if just a line, a wall with a certain depth to t in space for living. The shallow block provides spaces that can introduce light from several directions. This is enhanced by the two double-heights that also guide views diagonally through the interior. The plan is simple: entrance and stairs ts into one box on ground level, a central passage on the upper oor gives access to bedrooms. The interior is one continuous space in two levels. As a result, movement through the house is characterised by visual shortcuts, spaces and activities overlap. The main structure is in situ cast concrete, which is exposed in the cantilevered entrance canopy, only seven centimetre thin. By using a system with the thermal insulation as form work, costs have been reduced to not more than a standard type house. The interior is nished with white plaster, all oors and wooden details are white ash.
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Las fachadas se han realizado con paneles de plywood contrachapado negro de 18mm de espesor (6/9/1200x900mm), montado en capas sobre marcos de madera de pino (50x150mm). Facades are stained black 18mm plywood panels (6/9/1200x900mm), mounted in layers on a slowly grown pine framework (50x150mm).
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The new stadium will offer rain-protected seats for approximately 67,000 spectators. Natural light is required, as much as possible, to ensure the growing of the grass and lighting of the numerous restaurants, ofces, kiosks and boxes. Consequently, a transparent building covering made of air-supported, two-layered ETFE-foil cushions was chosen providing a light transmission of 95%. The covering consists of 2.816 individual rhomboid cushions. Only two of them have the same cutting patterns. The edge lengths range between approximately 4 m and 8 m. The maximum span ranges from 2 m to 4.25 m. The longest diagonal lengths are about 16 m. Each cushion is connected to a permanent air supply and can resist a snow height of approximately 1.6 m. Due to the existing sealing joints the faade cushions have to take changes of length of up to +/- 13 mm. Therefore, Covertex developed a worldwide unique xation system ensuring the permanent sealing of these sealing joints considering at the same time the complicated (threedimensional) geometry of the knot positions.
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El parque esta situado en un valle de ro. El edicio mismo, esta en la cima de un pequeo monte en el bosque, junto a un camino que lleva a las montaas al nal del parque. El espacio principal es un gran cubo de acero. Cuatro habitaciones de madera estn conectadas a este espacio en los distintos pisos. En cada una de estas habitaciones est presente un elemento de la naturaleza: agua en el stano, tierra en el patio, fuego en el primer piso y aire en el tico. Compositivamente, el diseo est realizado con cubos de diferentes tamaos. El cubo mayor ocupa el centro y est hecho de acero cor-ten. Esta caja es la entrada principal al pabelln, donde el visitante se interna en algo as como un jardn de roca con varias complejas aberturas y accesos a los cuatro cubos menores ms arriba. Segn el arquitecto, el proyecto aspira a crear un mundo interior donde los recuerdos y los sueos habituales puedan tener su momento y espacio. El collage tridimensional usa una paleta limitada de colores y formas simples para lograr ese efecto. Los materiales principales son acero y madera. El concreto se us en el stano y las fundaciones. Las aberturas estn cerradas con vidrio laminado, y los pisos con jade y gravilla de mrmol, distintos tipos y colores de piedra en cada espacio.
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The design is inspired by the nebulous spaces occupied by the subjects of theoretical physics, at once micro- and macro-cosmic. Located between the city and the park, the building denes the secure zones of the Institutes facilities within a series of parallel walls, embedded in an erupting ground plane that reveals a large reecting pool. The north faade, facing the park across the pool, reveals the Institute as an organism, a microcosm of discrete elements. The south faade, facing the city across train tracks and the citys main arterial road, presents the Institute as a unied entity, but of enigmatic scale and content. Entry to the institute is possible from both the north. The interior of the institute is organized around two central spaces, the main hall on the ground oor and the garden on the rst oor. Flanking the two are the ofces for the staff and the researchers.The thickness of Alcotex aluminum skin is 0.5mm. The face sheet is roll coated with a PPG (Paint Performance Guarantee) nish that contains more than 70% of PVdF, Polyvinile Fluoride, is a uoro thermoplastic with high tempertures resistant. Alcotex is extremely durable and lightweight, compared with other materials such as aluminum sheet, stainless sheet, acrylic sheet, enamel etc. Its weight is less than 40% of aluminum sheet.
ALCOTEX is produced under a feed block roll injection system, in which front and rear side aluminum coils are extruded together with an anti-toxic low-density polyethylene ller and adhesive resin. While passing through the rollers, ALCOTEX is manufactured with a high superiority in atness and excellent adhesive strength ALCOTEX se produce bajo sistema de inyeccin de rodillo al bloque de alimentacin, en el cual las bobinas de aluminio son extruidas conjuntamente con una resina de baja densidad no-txica y un adhesivo del polietileno. Mientras que pasa a travs de los rodillos, ALCOTEX se fabrica con una alta calidad de poco espesor y fuerza adhesiva excelente. 119
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