Teach TramMmmMar Scott Thornbury Tc. MUGLA UNIVERSITES! KUT SRHANE VE DGKUMANTAS YON DAIMEST RASKANLIC: “Dunia Oy ene : series editor: esse Jeremy HarmerPearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gare Harlow Essex CM20 278, England and Associated Companies thoughout the World xewaongestn.com © Pearson Education Limited 1999 [All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retriceal system, or teansmitted, in any Jorm or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, withour the prior written permission of the Publishes “The Publisher geants pernsission for the photocopying of those pages marked ‘photocopiable’ according to the following conditions. Individual purchasers may mile copies for their own use or for use by classes they teach. School purchasers may make copies for use by their seaff and smdenes, bue this permission does not extend to additional schools er branches, Under no circumstances may any part of this book be photocopied for resale. ‘The right of Scotr Thombury to be identified as the author of this Work has been anserred by him in accordance with the Copyright, Desigas and Patents Act 1938. First published 1999 Fourth impression 2002 Printed in Malaysia, PP Produced for the publishers by Bluestone Press, Charlbury, Oxfordshire, UK “Tost design by Keith Rigley at White Horse Graphics ISBN 0582 339324 Acknowledgements We are grateful to the following for permission to eeproduce copyright macesial: British National Corpus for extraets based on esdings ‘Remember’, ‘Forget’ and ‘Stop’ trom The British National Corpus webs site, Cambsidge University Press and the sothor for an extract fiom English Granzmtr fx Use by R. Mucphy (1994), Oafurd University Press for an extract and illustration Hom Oxford Profionie! English Couse by Hornby (2954); Pearson Education Led for ext ind ihustrations from Over fo Us, ESO 4, Teacher's Book by Palencia and ‘Phoxsbsxy published by Longman Group Ltd (1998) aad from Gronmar Practicei@h Piteroatiate Studenes by Walker Se Elsworth published by Longman Group Led (1986), We hive been unable t tase the copyright holder of news items ‘Concern for missing monkey”, ‘Sighting of missing monkey’, Monkey still on the loose’, Escaped monkey shot dead’ tram TVNZ web site (1997), and would appreciate deny infornneatton which would enable us to do ¢o. Illustrations on page 106 by Rey NixonContents Acknowledgements Introduction 1 What is grammar? ‘Texts, sentences, words, sounds Grammar and meaning ‘Two kinds of meaning Grammar and function Spoken grammar and written grammar Grammar syllabuses Grammar rates Conclusions Looking ahead 2 Why teach grammar? Actimades to grammut ‘The case for grammar ‘The case against grammar Grammar and methods Grammar now Basic principles for grammar teaching Conclusions Looking ahead 3. How to tech grammar from rules A deductive approach Rules and explanations Sample lesson 4: Using a rule explanation to teach question formation Sample lesson 2: Teaching sed using tansladen Sample lesson 3: Teaching articles using grammar worksheets Sample lesson 4: Teaching ward order using self-smdy grammat Condusions Looking ahead Page vill 14 ag