Data Communication and Networks Assignment # 1

(Total marks: 50) Distribution Date: 6th Sep, 2013 Submission Date: 10th Sep, 2013 Note: Assignments will be collected in the first five minutes of the class 1. There are two aspects of communication, in which we are normally interested, i.e., Data rate and delay. Both are independent of each other. Everyone wants high data rate and minimum delay. Some applications that we use, works good with a high data rate and some needs average data rate but minimum delay, and some needs high data rate and min delay both. When is the requirement of the following applications? a. Downloading 1GB file b. Surfing the Internet c. Voice chat d. Video chat e. Watching PeaceTV online 2. Calculate the latency (from first bit sent to last bit received) for the following: (10 marks) a) 100-Mbps Ethernet with a single store-and-forward switch in the path, and a packet size of 2048 bits. Assume that each link introduces a propagation delay of 20 s and that the switch begins retransmitting immediately after it has finished receiving the packet. b) Same as (a) but with three switches. 3. (B6.24) Following figure shows a multiplexer in a synchronous TDM system. Each output slot is only 10 bits long (3 bits taken from each input plus 1 framing bit). What is the output stream? The bits arrive at the multiplexer as shown by the arrows.

4. (B8.x)Five equal-size packets belonging to the same message leave for the destination one after another. However, they travel through different paths as shown in the Table

We assume that the delay for each switch (including waiting and processing) is 3, 10, 20, 7, and 20 ms respectively. Assuming that the propagation speed is 2 x 108 m, find the order in which the packets arrive at the destination and the delay for each. Ignore any other delays in transmission.

5. (B3.22) What is the bit rate for each of the following signals? a. A signal in which 1 bit lasts 0.001 s b. A signal in which 1 bit lasts 2 ms c. A signal in which 10 bits last 20 micr-sec 6. (B3.30) A signal travels from point A to point B. At point A, the signal power is 100 W. At point B, the power is 90W. What is the attenuation in decibels? 7. (B3.31) The attenuation of a signal is -10 dB. What is the final signal power if it was originally 5W? 8. (B3.36) A line has a signal-to-noise ratio of 1000 and a bandwidth of 4000 KHz. What is the maximum data rate supported by this line? 9. (B3.37) We measure the performance of a telephone line (4 KHz of bandwidth). When the signal is 10 V, the noise is 5 mV. What is the maximum data rate supported by this telephone line? 10. (B3.46) What is the length of a bit in a channel with a propagation speed of 2 x 108 m/s if the channel bandwidth is a. 1Mbps? b. 10 Mbps? c. 100 Mbps? 11. (B3.42) What is the theoretical capacity of a channel in each of the following cases: a. Bandwidth: 20 KHz SNRdB =40 b. Bandwidth: 200 KHz SNRdB =6 c. Bandwidth: 1MHz SNRdB =20

12. (B3.48) What is the total delay (latency) for a frame of size 5 million bits that is being sent on a link with 10 routers each having a queuing time of 2 s and a processing time of 1 s. The length of the link is 2000 Km. The speed of light inside the link is 2 x 108 m/s. The link has a bandwidth of 5 Mbps. Which component of the total delay is dominant? Which one is negligible? 13. A 3,500 bytes message file is to be moved from Source # 1 to a Dest over the network shown below. The message is ready for transmission at time t=0. Source # 2 has a 1,730 byte message that also needs to be moved to the Dest. This message is ready for transmission at time t=90 msec. All messages are chopped up into packets with 50 bytes of overhead and a maximum size of 1,510 bytes (includes traffic + overhead). Link speeds are 60 Kbps from each source to Router, and 60 Kbps from router to Dest. Processing time at all locations= 0 msec Propagation delay on each link is 10 msec. The router has an input queue for each input line where it stores packet bytes until the packet has fully arrived. When fully arrived, the Router instantaneously moves the packet from the input queue to output queue. Bits in the output queue are placed on the 60kbps output link on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. Assume the output queue and the input queue is in two separate pieces of hardware. Source # 1 Router Source # 2 Dest

i.

ii.

Calculate the time it will take to completely deliver the message from source #1 to the Dest. The clock starts when the leading edge of the 1st packet is transmitted from Source # 1, and stops when the trailing edge of the 1st packet is received at the Dest. Calculate the time it will take to completely deliver the message from source #2 to the Dest. The clock starts when the leading edge of the 1st packet is transmitted from Source # 1, and stops when the trailing edge of the last packet is received at the Dest.

14. Encode the following bit stream. Assume that the NRZ-I and Diff Manchester signals start at low 0 AMI 1 1 0 1 0 0 1

Manchester

Diff Manchester

NRZ-L

NRZ-I

15. Given the Manchester waveform, extract the data from it.

16. The input stream to a 4B/5B block encoder is 0100 0000 0000 1111 0000 0011. Answer the following questions: (a) What is the output stream? (b) What is the length of the longest consecutive sequence of Os in the input? (c) What is the length of the longest consecutive sequence of Os in the output? 17. A signal is sent on a series of transmission elements as shown below. At the input, signal has a power of 4mW. Respective gains and losses of each element are shown in the figure. Find the power of the signal at the output Transmission line Pin = 4 mW Amplifier Transmission line Pout = ?

-12 dB

35 dB

-10 dB