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Introduction
A product is an item, service, or right that results from an economic activity. In Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012, all product data is shared across all companies, and the virtual table collection concept is no longer available for product data . The item representation (InventTable) used in earlier versions still exists, and this table can still be included in a table collection. However, it now has a foreign key to the shared product instance (EcoResProduct hierarchy), and it represents the released product concept or a given enterprise product that is now authorized for use inside a legal entity. This chapter highlights the new patterns used to represent item-product master data. This document does not describe all new functionality within the itemproduct data management feature. Instead, this document focuses on the development patterns and how they are implemented. A complete list of new tables and their replacements can be found in the Implementing the Item-Product Data Management Framework for Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 white paper at https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=246121.
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Products
Product information management in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 targets the creation and maintenance of an Enterprise Products Repository. It supports larger organizations in a centralized structured approach in creating and maintaining core master data such as product definitions. Smaller organizations that require a more decentralized approach can, with some restrictions, create and maintain their products while they are automatically added to the shared products repository.
Product Maintenance
Product definitions are created independently of a legal entity, and core values such as product number, type, and name are shared values. Some core values can be overridden by a legal entity, an example is the search name. Other values are kept as key definition attributes and they cannot be changed other than on the actual product definition. From a decentralized process, you can create and maintain products directly from the Released products list page in the Product information management module. A product definition is created by the system when a product is created directly from the Released products list page.
Product masters o These serve as templates or models for variants. The variants of a product master can be predefined or created in sales scenarios by using a product configurator. A product master is associated with one or more product dimensions or for some configurations or product attributes. Use the Product masters list page in the Product Information Management module to view and manage product masters.
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As in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2009, the product type classifies if a product is tangible or intangible (an item or a service). In Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012, this difference is made as a sub classification of the product. There are three subtypes of productsproduct master, distinct product, and product variant. Product variants will be variants of product masters. This concept is designed as a super-type/subtype table hierarchy to decouple specific properties between different entities that are of the same nature. A product master is associated to the EcoResProductDimensionGroup and can have a range of predefined product dimensions available. For example, a t-shirt could be a product master with various sizes (small, medium, large) and colors (blue, green). The product variant represents variations of the product master. By contrast, a distinct product cannot have variations (meaning it cannot have any product dimensions specified).
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When you create a new product definition the type and subtype are the key attributes to enterthey determine the additional functions and required setup. The product type classifies if a product is tangible or intangible (item or service), whereas the sub-type introduced in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 is a subclassification of the product. The following figure lists all shared product definition attributes.
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All products are stored as system master data, and are used by organizations to create and maintain shared product definition data. The "product master" concept includes the product definition, and can have variants in product dimensions (color, size, and configuration). The "product variant" concept includes a product that has several of the associated product dimension values (color, size, and configuration). It replaces the previous "item combination" concept. Be aware that a product variant has all the attributes and functionality of any other type of product. The "distinct product" concept includes a product that does not vary in product dimensions and therefore cannot have a product dimension group associated to it. The products in a system can be released to a legal entity to become available for various processes (sales, purchase, and production). The same shared product variants can be available for production in one company, but not available for the production in another legal entity.
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Releasing Products
The product release process is designed to enable users in an enterprise to move or copy product definitions to various organizational units. By releasing a product or a product master you associate it with a legal entity and authorize the product definition for use in the legal entity.
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You can release products from the following locations. Product information management > Common > Product > All products and product masters list page, and then click Release products. Product information management > Common > Product > Product master list page, and then click Release products. Product information management > Common > Product > Product list page, and then click Release products.
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To make sure these four mentioned fields are set up, you can run a validation check on the product in the respective legal entity. When you click Validate in the Maintain group of the Action Pane, the system will check for the attributes and produce a warning if no value exists.
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Product images: Each item can have multiple images linked to it. The images are stored in the document handling system by using the DocuRef table. Barcodes: You can define barcodes for each item. The InventItemBarcode table contains information about the bar codes that are used for items. GTIN: You can define Global Trade Item Numbers (GTIN) for each item. GTIN is a 14-digit data structure used to uniquely identify trade products. The InventItemGTIN table contains information about items and their related GTINs.
Additional Functionality
The following sections describe additional functionality that is available to help further classify and define the product information.
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Product Translation
When you use the Text translation form, you can create product translations by entering descriptions and product names for multiple languages. However, the product name and description are optional, only the product number is required. The product translations are mainly used for output on external documents, and the data values will always be shown in the system language, for example, when you open and view the product related list pages and forms. On external documents the product name will be displayed according to the company language or the preferred language by the customer or vendor. To open the Text translation form click the Translations button in the Action Pane of All products and product masters forms or list pages.
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Inventory Dimensions
There is a clear difference between product attributes and product dimensions. You can use product dimensions to track their values in all major processes such as for cost, inventory, and analysis purposes. Product attributes are only associated with products and product masters, and product dimensions can only be used together with product masters (except for masters that are configured by using the option constraint-based configuration). This is because they consist of the uniqueness of a product masters variations.
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The product dimension group can be assigned only when the product is being created. The storage and tracking dimensions groups can be assigned to the product on two levelssystem level, where they are used in all legal entities where the product is released, and the legal-entity level, where they are used only for the product that is in that specific legal entity.
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The InventDimSearch class used in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2009 is no longer available. In Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012, this class is replaced with several new classes that are used to retrieve information about the inventory dimension setup. To determine if a dimension for a specific field is active you can use the following code sample.
InventTable inventTable; InventDimGroupSetup inventDimGroupSetup; InventDimGroupFieldSetup inventDimGroupFieldSetup; inventDimGroupSetup = InventDimGroupSetup::newInventTable(inventTable); inventDimGroupFieldSetup = inventDimGroupSetup.getFieldSetup(fieldNum(InventDim,WMSPal letId)); if (inventDimGroupFieldSetup.isActive()) { info(strFmt("The palletId dimension is active for dimension group %1",inventDimGroupSetup.getStorageDimensionGroup())); }
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Dimension-based configuration
Constraint-based configuration
NOTE: Rule-based configuration is used for items that implement the Product builder functionality. This option is only available for customers who are upgrading from an earlier version. This option will be removed in future releases. Therefore it is recommended that you move to the Constraint-based configuration option.
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Product dimensions are shared and are attribute-based. Three predefined attributes exist, representing color, size, and configuration dimensions. These attributes are related to the product dimensions and are distinctively different than the EcoRes* attributes framework in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012. The product dimension values are stored in a shared, immutable table (EcoResColor, EcoResSize, and EcoResConfiguration). The database schema around product dimensions allows adding new attributes, which can be used to represent new product dimensions. For example, you could have T-shirt sizes (S, M, L) and shoe sizes (8, 10, 12). The product master holds relations to all possible product dimensions values within one product attribute. The product variant holds oneand only one relation to the product dimensions value within one product attribute. The InventDim structure holds the relationships to the shared product dimension values.
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Products and product variants must be released to a specific legal entity before they can be used with that legal entity. The InventTable and its associated tables use the concept of the released product and can also be treated as the instance of the particular product in the current company. The mandatory product foreign key is added to the InventTable. The InventTable represents the instance of either a product master or a distinct product.
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If an item model group is set up for a not stocked product, many of the parameters are irrelevant. The following table displays the parameters that are relevant to a product that are maintained in stock versus products that are not maintained in stock. Check box Physical negative inventory Financial negative inventory Quarantine management Consolidated picking method Post physical inventory Post financial inventory Post to Deferred Revenue Account on Sales Delivery Stocked Relevant Relevant Relevant Relevant Relevant Relevant Relevant Not Stocked Irrelevant Relevant Irrelevant Irrelevant Irrelevant Irrelevant Relevant
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Registration requirements Receiving requirements Picking requirements Deduction requirements Date-controlled Backward from ship date
When a product is defined as not stocked, there are several differences in how transactions are handled, and certain types of transactions are restricted. For example, when a not stocked product is added to a purchase order, the system will not track the on hand quantity or create an inventory transaction (inventTrans table record). You can process this purchase order in the same manner as the purchase order with stocked product. The following figure shows the data model for item groups and item model groups.
FIGURE 5.10 ITEM GROUP AND ITEM MODEL GROUP DATA MODEL
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Estimated time to complete: 20 minutes Scenario Isaac, the Business Systems Applications developer, received a request to add a new field to the products that will track the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP). The requirements specify that the field must be added to the All products and product masters details form. The new field must also be copied to the released products and users should be able to override this field for each legal entity. However, the field is required and validation must be added to make sure that a value is entered.
Challenge Yourself!
By using the provided information, add a new field to the product that is copied to the released product. Make sure that the field can be edited and that it is required by adding logic into the Validate button on the Released products form.
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18. Close the Product details form, and go back to the Development workspace. Follow these steps to add the MSRP field to the InventTable and the EcoResProductDetailsExtended form. 1. In the AOT, locate the InventTable under the Tables node of the Data Dictionary. 2. Drag the InventTable into the project that you created earlier.
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FIGURE 5.12 RELEASED PRODUCT DETAILS FORM WITH THE MSRP FIELD
17. Close the Released product details form and go back to the Development workspace.
Step by Step: Copy the MSRP Field from the EcoResProduct Table to the InventTable
Follow these steps to copy the value in the MSRP field from the EcoResProduct table to the InventTable when a product is released. 1. In the Project window, locate the InventTable. 2. Expand the Methods node of the InventTable table and locate the initFromEcoResProduct method. 3. Right-click the initFromEcoResProduct method and then click View Code. 4. Assign the MSRP product value to the MSRP field on the inventTable by adding the following code before the if statement. "this.MSRP = _ecoResProduct.MSRP;" 5. Save and compile the InventTable table.
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7. Save and compile the class. 8. Save the project. 9. To test the new logic, open the Released products form (Product information management > Common > Products > Release products.) 10. Select a product where the MSRP is set to 0.00. 11. Click the Validate button. 12. Verify that a you have received a warning message that states the MSRP field must be specified. 13. Close all the windows. TIP: You can compare your solution to the AX2012_ENUS_DEVIV_05_01_LAB_SOL.xpo file provided with the training image by importing the XPO file and then comparing the objects.
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Summary
The Product information management module provides functionality to set up and maintain the details of products across legal entities and to set up legal entity specific data for released products. The module also includes functionality that will categorize products, create and store custom product attribute details for each product, and support the entry of translations for many fields on the product details. Dimension groups can be used to determine which inventory dimensions should be used for a product. They include the following: Product dimensions that includes size, color, and configuration. Storage dimensions that includes site, warehouse, locations, and pallets. Tracking dimensions that include batch and serial numbers.
NOTE: More information about the item-product data model, upgrade for earlier releases, and coding patterns can be found in the Implementing ItemProduct Data Management Framework for Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 white paper at https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=246121.
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Solutions
Test Your Knowledge
1. TRUE or FALSE? All products are stored as system master data, which allows organizations to create and maintain shared product definition data. () True ( ) False 2. Which of the following fields must be populated to validate a product that will be used on a transaction such as a sales order? (Select all that apply) () Item group () Item model group ( ) Product description () Storage dimension group 3. Match the descriptions with the correct item. b 1. Includes the product definition, which can have variants in product dimensions (color, size, and configuration). c 2. Includes a product that has several associated product dimension values (color, size, and configuration). d 3. Includes a product that does not vary in product dimensions and therefore cannot have a product dimension group associated to it. a 4. Used for entering descriptions and product names for multiple languages. a. Product Translations b. Product Master c. Product Variant d. Distinct Product
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