MO 1007 The Early Modern Western World, c.1450-c.

1770

Course Handbook and Reading List 2011-2012

LECTURE SCHEDULE 2011-2012

Lectures take place on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays from 12:00pm 1:00 pm in the Buchanan Lecture Theatre.
Part I New Worlds and Ideas [weeks 1-6]
Week 1: Introduction Mon. 26 Sept. 1. Enrollment and Introduction Tue. 27 Sept. 2. Europe in 1500 Thu. 29 Sept. 3. Devotion & Belief

Dr G. Rowlands Prof A. Pettegree Prof A. Pettegree

Week 2: Culture and Society: Renaissance Mon. 3 Oct. 4. Humanism Tues. 4 Oct 5. Renaissance Cities and Courts Thu. 6 Oct. 6. Printing and the Book

Dr E. Michelson Dr E. Michelson Prof A. Pettegree

Week 3: Religion: The Early Reformations Mon. 10 Oct 7. Lutheranism to 1600 Tue. 11 Oct. 8. Reformed and Radicals to 1750 Thu. 13 Oct. 9. The Catholic Reform Movement

Dr M. McLean Dr M. McLean Dr M. McLean

Week 4: Religion: The Changing Landscape Mon. 17 Oct. 10. Missions and New Religious Orders Tue. 18 Oct. 11. Baroque Catholicism and Jansenism Thu. 20 Oct. 12. Education and Universities

Dr M. McLean Dr G. Rowlands Dr . Kirwan

Week 5: Culture and Society: Everyday Life Mon. 24 Oct. 13. Population and Prices Tue. 25 Oct. 14. Landed Society Thu. 27 Oct. 15. The Urban World

Prof R. Houston Dr M. Walsby Prof R. Houston

Week 6: Politics and War: Renaissance Government and its opponents Mon. 31 Oct. 16. The Habsburg Empire of Charles V Dr M. Walsby Tue. 1 Nov. 17. French Renaissance Monarchy, 1483-1559 Dr M. Walsby Thu. 3 Nov. 18. French Wars of Religion. Dr M. Walsby

Week 7 Reading Week No lectures

See next page for second half of semester

Part II The Struggle for Order [weeks 8-12]

Week 8: Politics and War: Overseas Expansion/Discoveries Mon. 14 Nov. 19. Discoveries and Conquests overseas Dr E. Hart Tue. 15 Nov. 20. European Colonies Consolidate, 1600-1763 Dr E. Hart Thu. 17 Nov. 21. International Trade Dr E. Hart

Week 9: Politics and War: Government and Society 1600-1770 Mon. 21 Nov. 22. Dutch Revolt (Raisin Monday) Tue. 22 Nov. 23. War and the Military Revolution Thu. 24 Nov. 24. The Rise of French Absolutism 1624-1715

Dr R. Kirwan Dr G. Rowlands Dr G. Rowlands

Week 10: The Mediterranean and Middle East Mon. 28 Nov. 25. The Expanding Ottoman Empire 1400-1600 Dr D. Kastritsis Tue. 29 Nov. 26. Ottoman Society c.1400-c.1600 Dr D. Kastritsis Thu. 1 Dec. 27. Ottoman-European Relations c.1600-c.1800 Dr D. Kastritsis

Week 11: Culture and Society: Mental Worlds Mon. 5 Dec. 28. 18th-Century Enlightened Absolutism. Tue. 6 Dec. 29. Gender in early modern Europe Thu. 8 Dec. 30. The Witch Hunts

Dr G. Rowlands Dr R. Kirwan Dr R. Kirwan

Week 12: Culture and Society: The Challenges to Orthodox Belief Mon. 12 Dec. 31. The Scientific Revolution Tue. 13 Dec. 32. The Enlightenment Thu. 15 Dec. 33. Resurgent Catholicism and the fragmentation of Protestantism

Prof R. Houston Prof R. Houston Prof R. Houston

LEARNING OUTCOMES What can the student expect to learn from this module? MO1007 is designed as an introduction to the study of Modern History at university level. It is intended to provide an overview of early modern society and culture. This was a period of almost unprecedented religious, social, and political change, and saw the development of many key characteristics of our own society, as well as some dead ends. In analysing these transformations, the module also introduces students to the uses of history and the methods by which it is studied. In particular, the module is designed to encourage the development of the following skills: The ability to absorb and organise large amounts of information through the skills of reading, note taking, and the planning of written submitted work. The identification of themes in the period covered and the ability to consider the interrelationship between different types of disciplines: history, literature, art, etc. The ability to distinguish between points of view presented by various historians and to understand the reasons for different perspectives. The ability to use the library, and other sources of information, to conduct a balanced historical investigation of subjects, in preparation for tutorials, written work and examinations. Discussion and argument, fostered through the tutorial. Students will, it is hoped, learn to express their opinions in small group discussions, and learn to listen and understand the opinions expressed by others and to formulate effective responses. Through the use of the texts, course readers, and on-line material, it is expected that the student will acquire a good foundation in reading scholarly material and making use of it in the writing of essays and seminar discussion. It is also expected that the student will acquire a good factual knowledge of the period.

COURSE STRUCTURE
In order to acquaint themselves with their obligations students should read this handbook carefully and also consult the definitive undergraduate guidelines at http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/infoug/ughandbook.html

Lectures
Lectures are held on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays at 12:00pm in the Buchanan Lecture Theatre. Attendance is mandatory and attentive concentration is a very good idea.... The purpose of the lectures is to provide a focused treatment of key issues relating to our main themes the state of the "old order" in Europe and the disruptions to this order in both the "Old World" and the "New World". The lectures cannot be a chronological history of the period. For essential background, please read the recommended textbooks. Your understanding of the course as a whole will be tested in part B of the final examination, and the best (and most painless) way to acquire a solid overview of the module is to attend ALL lectures.

Reading
The reading material for this course consists of - the weekly articles course reader - any primary sources or further material assigned by your tutor - a selection of the books and articles from the bibliography at the end of this handbook. The Course Reader provides the core set readings for each tutorial, but students are expected to read more widely over the course of the semester. Much of the material will be on short loan in the University and Modern History Class Libraries. In addition, a selection of primary sources and other resources is provided on the Moodle site for MO1007. There are also many articles available in the university library, either in paper form or in electronic format.

Tutorials
You will have one small-group tutorial a week at a time to be determined by the tutor. You will be in the same tutorial group throughout the semester, and you cannot chop and change groups. Your tutor will be available at the time of the tutorial as well as during a designated office hour. Make sure you know the time and location of your tutor's office hour. You may also email your tutor at any time. The tutorials for the course have two purposes: to deepen and contextualise understanding of the lecture and reading material through small-group discussion; to improve your skills as a historian. Attendance at tutorial is compulsory and unexplained absence, or unsatisfactory explanations for absences, may result in the student being barred from taking the final examination.

For any academic/intellectual problems (i.e. difficulty understanding an issue,

problems with the set & suggested reading or with the library holdings), the first and most important person to contact is your tutor.

If you have problems with your tutor, or with the module as a whole, then you should
approach the module coordinator, Dr Rowlands (gr30@st-andrews.ac.uk).

ASSESSMENT
Students must obtain pass marks for both continuous assessment (work due during term time) and the final examination in order to pass the module..

Final Examination (50%)

There will be an examination of 2 hours at the end of the module. For the examination students will write two essays: - One essay from a choice of 8 lecture-based questions. - One essay from a choice of 3 thematic questions. Past examination questions from first-year Modern History modules will be available on line to help you prepare for the examination. The examination time and place will be announced by the university later in the semester.

Essays (2 x 20%)
The written work for this module consists of two essays of 1500-2000 words. Each essay should answer one question from the list in this handbook, the first from group A and the second from group B. Essays should be 1500-2000 words in length and should also contain full footnotes and a bibliography (these are not included in the word count). The bibliography should normally include: works from the course reader, the set texts, the course bibliography. Please check with your tutor for appropriate internet sources approved for the course. Essays without footnotes and a bibliography will earn a fail mark. Tutors will penalize short and over-length work and the student may be asked to resubmit the piece of work. Students must ensure that essays are typed or wordprocessed. The essays must be submitted on paper to your tutor (one copy only) and also uploaded electronically onto the course site on Module Management System (MMS), so that they can be checked for plagiarism. Dates for submission will be set by your tutor. They may be different from the dates set by other tutors.
The School of History has an essay style guide, which MUST be adhered to. It can be found on the School website at: The School of History has an essay style guide, which must be adhered to. It can be found on the School website at:

http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/infoug/stylesheet.html .

[See next page for the Skills Exercise]

Skills Exercise (10%) Synthesising an academic article

AIM OF THE EXERCISE: Write a summarising synthesis of the main arguments and points of a learned article from an academic journal. PURPOSE OF THE EXERCISE: To develop your ability to take a serious piece of published research, and gut and fillet it in other words, extract the salient arguments from it and pick up any important developments, events etc. that it mentions. Academic articles are an essential part of an undergraduates reading, and it is important that you develop your skills in handling them some articles are helpfully general on big subjects, but others are highly specialised. Both have their value, especially in Honours work in the years to come. The more you read and make notes on learned articles in the next few semesters the more you will be able to see the academic wood for the trees. UNDERTAKING THE TASK 1) SIMPLY READ half a dozen book reviews from any learned historical journals go into the electronic versions of the journals via their entries in SAULCAT. The most important and well-considered reviews can be found in the following journals, amongst others:the English Historical Review, the American Historical Review, the European History Quarterly, French History, the Journal of Modern History. This should give you a feeling of how to construct a review. Some reviews simply inform the reader what a book says, and offer a few thoughts of their own this is what we might call a synthesis of a work. Other reviews engage the book in question, but criticise it severely. Criticism might, of course, simply offer an alternative way of looking at an issue without denigrating another historians work. At this stage of your academic life you should be extremely careful about offering sharp criticism of academic research, although careful, considered, dispassionate criticism is something you could venture (perhaps saying what an article does not address, or how it might fit into the bigger picture). 2) SELECT ONE OF THE ARTICLES FROM THE LIST BELOW AND WRITE A 500-750 WORD SYNTHESIS SUMMARISING ITS MAIN POINTS AND ARGUMENTS. Informed and fair-minded criticism (based on other reading you may have done) may attract credit, but is not necessary for achieving a good grade. Equally, unfair criticism or unjustified denigration of an article will lead to a synthesis being marked down. What you should be seeking to do is identify: the topic; the argument(s); the evidence used; the conclusions the author draws; and any really important developments or events it describes. You can then evaluate how successful the argument is, based upon the evidence. Footnotes are not necessary, nor is a bibliography. At least ONE WEEK before the deadline you should inform your tutor which article you plan to write about. COMPLETE AND SUBMIT THE SYNTHESIS TO YOUR TUTOR (THROUGH TURNITIN AND IN PAPER COPY) BY FRIDAY OF 9TH WEEK (25th November 2011) AT 1PM.

3)

4)

[See next page for the choice of articles.]

THE CHOICE OF ARTICLES FOR YOUR SYNTHESIS N.B. All articles are available either through SAULCAT in electronic journal form, or as an e-book (in the case of the Hope and McGrath article).

TRY TO CHOOSE AN ARTICLE THAT ADDRESSES A TOPIC THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM YOUR TWO LONGER ESSAYS. This is one way to ensure you have enough coverage of the module for the final examination.
Jill Kraye (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Humanism (Cambridge, 1996): chapter 9: Charles Hope and Elizabeth McGrath Artists and humanists N. B. THIS IS AN E-BOOK, NOT A PERIODICAL. Lyndal Roper, Martin Luther's Body: The Stout Doctor and His Biographers, American Historical Review 115(2) 2010 Paul V. Murphy, Between Spirituali and Intransigenti: Cardinal Ercole Gonzaga and Patrician Reform in Sixteenth-Century Italy, The Catholic Historical Review, 88(3) (2002) Jos Javier Ruiz Ibez and Gaetano Sabatini, Monarchy as Conquest: Violence, Social Opportunity, and Political Stability in the Establishment of the Hispanic Monarchy, Journal of Modern History 81(3) 2009 Stuart Carroll, The Revolt of Paris, 1588: Aristocratic Insurgency and the Mobilization of Popular Support, French Historical Studies 28(2) (2000) E.A. Wrigley, Urban Growth and Agricultural Change: England and the Continent in the Early Modern Period, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 15(4) 1985 W.J. Eccles, The Fur Trade and Eighteenth-Century Imperialism, The William and Mary Quarterly 40(3) 1983 Ida Altman, Spanish Society in Mexico City after the Conquest, The Hispanic American Historical Review 71(3) 1991 David Parrott, Cultures of Combat in the Ancien Rgime: Linear Warfare, Noble Values, and Entrepreneurship, International History Review 27(3) 2005 S. Kettering, The Decline of Great Noble Clientage during the Reign of Louis XIV, Canadian Journal of History 24(2) (1989) D. Klang, Reform and Enlightenment in Eighteenth-Century Lombardy, Canadian Journal of History 19(1) (1984) Christine Woodhead, The Present Terrour of the World? Contemporary Views of the Ottoman Empire c1600, History 72(234) 1987 Alison Rowlands, Witchcraft and Old Women in Early Modern Germany, Past and Present 173 (2001) H. Nisbet, Was ist Aufklrung? The Concept of Enlightenment in eighteenth-century Germany, Journal of European Studies 12(2) 1982

POLICIES RELATING TO ASSESSMENT

Guidelines and policies for items that receive a formal mark.

Late work
Any essay or article summary that is submitted after the relevant deadline, without being covered by adequate evidence of medical problems or of another serious emergency or by the prior permission of the tutor concerned, will be penalised as follows: 0.5 points will be deducted for every working day after the relevant deadline (see marking scale). Students submitting work late are strongly advised to have the date of submission documented by one of the secretaries before asking for the work to be placed in the tutor's pigeon hole. No deductions will be made for Saturdays, Sundays and Bank Holidays. Work submitted more than two weeks after the relevant deadline but before the School's final deadline will receive an automatic fail mark of 1. Tutors have discretion to grant prior permissions for late submission of work ("Extensions") to make fair allowance for adverse circumstances affecting a student's ability to submit the work on time. Normally such permissions will only be granted for circumstances that are both unforeseen and beyond the student's control. No work will be accepted after the final School deadline. Students should note that individual tutors set their own deadlines for written work. You are responsible for making sure you know the deadlines set by your tutor.

Re-marking of assessed work

Students have only limited grounds on which to launch appeals. The Universitys policy is as follows. Challenges should be submitted on the specific grounds of: procedural irregularity; bias or prejudice; exceptional personal circumstances not previously notified for good reason; harassment or bullying affecting academic performance by a member of staff involved in granting the marks, grades or classification concerned. A formal challenge should be lodged in writing (email is acceptable) within 5 days of the original mark being notified to the student. If a student wishes to appeal a coursework mark, they should therefore formally notify the course coordinator (or if the coordinator is the object of the complaint, then they should notify the Director of Teaching, in AY 2011-12 Dr Stephen Tyre [histdot@standrews.ac.uk]). The course coordinator will then institute a review as follows: the grounds for the complaint will be examined, and if the course coordinator believes the appeal should be upheld then the work will be referred to a second tutor teaching on the course, nominated by the course coordinator. The work will then be re-marked, and any discrepancy dealt with by the normal process of discussion and moderation. The course coordinator will act as moderator in case of disagreement. The work concerned will be marked blind (that is, referred to the member of staff offering the second opinion without them being aware of the mark originally given). The student will be informed of the decision within 5 working days of the course coordinator receiving the formal appeal. If at the end of this process the student is still not satisfied s/he should submit an appeal in writing to the Senate Office within one calendar month after the outcome has been received from the School. Fuller guidance on the Schools appeals and complaints procedures can be found on the School website at: www.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/infoug/complaints.html

Complete Reassessment
Reassessment is by means of one examination. This will consist of three essays in three hours. Students should note that this is a simple pass/fail examination. The written work submitted during the module will be disregarded and students will be reassessed simply upon their examination performance. A student who fails the reassessment may apply to the Dean of Arts for permission to be reassessed in the module in up to two diets in the following academic year.

Attendance
Attendance is a basic assessment requirement for credit award, and failure to attend classes or meetings with academic staff may result in your losing the right to be assessed in that module. Students should familiarise themselves with the School's academic alert policy and the regulations concerning absence from classes and non-submission of coursework, which are available in the undergraduate handbook on the School website. Academic alerts will be issued in the case of absence from compulsory classes and late-submission of coursework where an extension has not been granted. If you receive academic alerts for more than THREE absences from class, absence from class in THREE CONSECUTIVE WEEKS, or failure to submit ALL COURSEWORK BY THE FINAL DEADLINE, you will not receive credits for the module. If you have missed timetabled classes/events or any other compulsory elements of the module due to illness or an unavoidable pre-arranged event or appointment, you must complete a Self Certificate of Absence form (through e-Vision) as soon as possible. This is available at https://e-vision.st-andrews.ac.uk/urd/sits.urd/run/siw_lgn Under certain circumstances, Schools may request further documentation in addition to the Self Certificate. In this case, students should contact Student Support in order to organise the appropriate documentation. If you submit more than three Self Certificates in a single semester, or if the period of absence extends to fifteen working days, you may be contacted by Student Support, the relevant Pro Dean, or by an appropriate member of staff in your School. Completion of a Self Certificate is not an acceptable substitute for contacting your tutors well in advance if you have to be absent. Advance notice of absence is acceptable only for good reason (for example, a hospital appointment or job interview). It is your responsibility to contact the appropriate member of staff to complete any remedial work necessary. If you are an international student (non-EEA nationals only), you will be affected by recent changes introduced by the UK in relation to immigration rules and visas. The University is now legally bound to report to the United Kingdom Borders Agency any student who fails to enroll on a module or programme of study or who fails to attend or who discontinues their studies. Further information is available from the following links: www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/safety/InternationalStudents/PointsBasedSystem/ http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/admissions/int/Immigrationadvice/

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ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT AND PLAGIARISM

Ignorance of these policies is not considered a valid excuse. Academic misconduct includes the presentation of material as ones own when it is not ones own; the presentation of material whose provenance is academically inappropriate; and academically inappropriate behaviour in an examination or class test. Any work that is submitted for feedback and evaluation is liable for consideration under the Universitys Academic Misconduct policy irrespective of whether it carries credit towards your degree. All work submitted by students is expected to represent good academic practice. You should be aware that the University takes academic misconduct offences extremely seriously and any student found guilty of a repeat offence may be expelled from the University either temporarily or on a permanent basis. All students are advised to familiarise themselves with the Universitys Guide to students called Avoiding Academic Misconduct which may be accessed from: http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/policy/academicmisconduct or from the Students Associations publication Dont Get it Wrong: (http://yourunion.net/files/dont_get_it_wrong.pdf). The full University policy and procedure is also available from: http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/students/policy/academicmisconduct/. Students who are unsure about the correct presentation of academic material should approach their tutors, and may also contact SALTIRE (June.Knowles@standrews.ac.uk) for training.

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MARKING SCALE
Within the School of History all work is assessed on a scale of 1-20 with intervals of 0.5. Module outcomes are reported using the same scale but with intervals of 0.1. The assessment criteria set out below are not comprehensive, but are intended to provide guidance in interpreting grades and improving the quality of assessed work. Students are advised that all continuous assessment grades are technically provisional until endorsed at the final Module Board with the External Examiner. Presentation is an important element of assessment and that failure to adhere to the guidelines set out in the School of History Style Sheet will be penalised.
20.0 19.5 19.0 18.5 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 Fail (with the right to re-assessment) 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0 Work displaying only minimal knowledge and understanding, failing to address the literature in depth and with a weak grasp of the subject matter and historical analysis.

Distinction

Exceptional work, displaying well above-average achievement; showing originality, independence of judgment, wide reading and deep thought.

High Merit

Very good work, with very positive merits in such matters as accuracy, comprehensiveness, intelligence of analysis and literary skills.

Low Merit

Good work, reasonable in such matters as comprehensiveness, precision, depth of analysis and expression.

Pass

Adequate work, showing some knowledge and understanding, but with deficiencies serious enough to suggest that grasp of the subject matter and of historical analysis is limited.

Fail (without the right to reassessment)

Work so weak as to indicate that only a nominal attempt has been made to complete the assignment, or that it displays virtually total confusion and misunderstanding of the subject.

Unclassifiable

No acceptable work presented.

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ESSAY QUESTIONS
The first essay is to be chosen from group A and the second from group B. Each is 1500-2000 words, due in hard copy and through MMS on the date set by your tutor. Group A 1. How far was the success of Lutheranism in Germany the result of its theological appeal? 2. Why did the Calvinist movement have such a precarious existence between the midsixteenth and mid-seventeenth centuries? 3. Why did the print revolution spread in different ways in different parts of Europe? 4. To what extent were the overseas Atlantic colonies of Spain and Portugal under the control of their kings? 5. Was Las Casas an advocate for indigenous peoples, or is his voice simply another version of colonialism? 6. To what extent was the Catholic Reformation imposed upon the laity by the priesthood? 7. How far did the power of the Papacy decline between the late fifteenth and the mideighteenth centuries? 8. What combination of factors made Italian Renaissance humanism different from previous rediscoveries of classical literature? 9. What lasting contributions did female humanists make to intellectual society? 10. The reign of the Emperor Charles V showed that the era of multiple monarchies was over. Discuss. 11. Why did Renaissance France descend into political and religious disorder from the middle of the sixteenth century? 12. What was the purpose of the early modern princely court? 13. Why were territorial rulers eager to establish universities in the early modern period? Group B 14. How did religious movements in the early modern Ottoman Empire compare to those in Europe at the same time? 15. By early modern standards, was the Ottoman Empire a centralised state? 16. Why was the Dutch Revolt such a prolonged affair? 17. What was the impact of the Reformation on the lives of women? 18. How do you account for the considerable geographical variations across Europe in the patterns of witchcraft prosecutions and convictions? 19. Did the Scientific Revolution enable the people of Europe to deal more effectively with the natural world? 20. How far did the Reformation continue in the century after 1648? 21. To what extent was the early modern state in conflict with the nobilities of the time? 22. Why were patterns of urbanization so geographically varied in early modern Europe? 23. How far was the seventeenth-century French monarchy engaged in a drive to create an absolute state? 24. Was there a Military Revolution in early modern Europe? 25. Was there a European demographic system in the early modern period? 26. Is France typical of the Enlightenments of eighteenth-century Europe? 27. Is it fair to accuse Enlightened absolutists of reforming their realms purely to create more efficient war machines?

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Further reading beyond the course packet. This list is by no means exhaustive; many more good books and articles have been written on these topics. We do not expect you to read all the titles. The number of works listed reflects our concern to ensure you know what is available and reliable, especially as there will be multiple demands for each work. CORE WORKS RECOMMENDED FOR PURCHASE (ed.) T.C.W. Blanning, The Eighteenth Century, 1688-1815 (Short Oxford History of Europe) (2000) A. Pettegree, Europe in the Sixteenth Century (Oxford, 2002) G. Parker, Europe in Crisis, 1598-1648 (Oxford, 2001 and other editions)

GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS Tim Blanning, The Pursuit of Glory: Europe 1648-1815 (2007) (ed.) Paul Langford, The Eighteenth Century: 1688-1815 (Short Oxford History of the British Isles) (1999) William Doyle, The Old European Order, 1660-1800 (1992)David L. Smith, A History of the British Isles, 1603-1707: the Double Crown (1998) Jeremy Black, Eighteenth-century Britain 1688-1783 (2001) Jeremy Black, Eighteenth-century Europe, 1700-1789 (1990; 2nd ed., 1999) (ed.) William Doyle, Old Regime France (2001) Jeremy Black, Cambridge Illustrated Atlas: Warfare. Renaissance to Revolution 1492-1792 (1996) (ed.) H.T. Dickinson, A Companion to Eighteenth-century Britain (2002) J.H. Elliott, Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America 1492-1830 (2006) J. R. Hale, Renaissance Europe 1480-1520 (Oxford, 2000 and other editions) G. R. Elton, Reformation Europe 1517-1559 (London, 1985 and other editions) J. H. Elliott, Europe Divided 1559-1598 (London, 1968 and other editions) J. Bergin ed., The Seventeenth Century: Europe 1598-1721 (Oxford, 2001) D. Sturdy, Fractured Europe, 1600-1721 (Oxford, 2002) R. Bonney, The European Dynastic States 1494-1660 (Oxford, 1991) REFERENCE VOLUMES AND GENERAL ESSAYS P. Broadhead, Longman Companion to Early Modern Europe (Harlow, 2001) S. Fletcher, Longman Companion to Renaissance Europe, 1390-1530 (Harlow, 2000) H. J. Hillerbrand, ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation (Oxford, 1996) A. Pettegree ed., The Reformation World (London, 2002)

CULTURE AND SOCIETY: RENAISSANCE M. L. King, The Renaissance in Europe (London, 2003) R. Kirkpatrick, The European Renaissance, 1400-1600 (Harlow, 2001) R. Porter and M. Teich ed., The Renaissance in National Context (Cambridge, 1992) J. Brotton, The Renaissance (Oxford, 2006) G. Ruggiero ed., A Companion to the Worlds of the Renaissance (Oxford, 2002) P. Burke, The Italian Renaissance: culture and society in Italy (Cambridge 1987 and 1999) L. Martines, Power and Imagination: city-states in Renaissance Italy (Baltimore, 1988) M. Hollingsworth, Patronage in sixteenth-century Italy (London, 1996) G. Holmes, Art and Politics in Renaissance Italy (Oxford, 1993) C. Nauert, Humanism and the Culture of the Renaissance (Cambridge, 1995) A. Goodman and A. Mackay, The Impact of Humanism on Western Europe (London, 1990) C. Augustijn, Erasmus: his life, works, and influence (Toronto, 1991)

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RELIGION: THE REFORMATION D. MacCulloch, Reformation: Europes House Divided (London, 2003) A. Pettegree ed, The Early Reformation in Europe (Cambridge, 1992) A. Ryrie ed., Palgrave Advances in the European Reformations (Basingstoke, 2005) A. Pettegree, Reformation and the Culture of Persuasion (Cambridge, 2005) U. Rublack, Reformation Europe (Cambridge, 2005) C. Scott Dixon, The Reformation in Germany (Oxford, 2002) M. Mullet, Martin Luther (London, 2004) S. E. Ozment, The Reformation in the Cities (New Haven, 1975) R. W. Scribner, For the Sake of Simple Folk (Oxford, 1994 and other editions) M. U. Edwards, Printing, propaganda and Martin Luther (Berkeley, 1994) B. Gordon, The Swiss Reformation (Manchester, 2002) K. Maag, The Reformation in Eastern and Central Europe (Aldershot, 1997) T. Brady, German Histories in the Age of Reformations, 1400-1650 (Cambridge, 2009) B. Gordon, Calvin (Yale UP, 2009) RENAISSANCE GOVERNMENT AND ITS OPPONENTS D. Potter, A History of France 1460-1560: the emergence of a nation-state (New York, 1995) M. Greengrass, The French Reformation (Oxford, 1987) M. P. Holt, The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629 (Cambridge, 1995) N. Z. Davis, Society and Culture in Early Modern France: Eight Essays (Stanford, 1975) J. Russell Major, From Renaissance monarchy to absolute monarchy: French kings, nobles, & estates (Baltimore, 1994) R. J. Knecht, The French Renaissance Court, 1483-1589 (New Haven, 2008) J. Russell Major, Representative institutions in Renaissance France: 1421- 1559 (Westport, 1983) K., Cameron, M. Greengrass and P. Roberts (eds.), The Adventure of Religious Pluralism in Early Modern France (Bern, 2000) M. P. Holt (ed.), Renaissance and Reformation France, 1500-1648 (Oxford, 2002) G. Richardson, Renaissance Monarchy: the reigns of Henry VIII, Francis I and Charles V (London, 2002) R. J. Knecht, Renaissance warrior and patron: the reign of Francis I (Cambridge, 1994) W. P. Blockmans, Emperor Charles V, 1500-1558 (London, 2002) W. Maltby, The Reign of Charles V (Basingstoke, 2002) H. Soly et al., Charles V, 1500-1558 and his time (Antwerp, 1999) W. Blockmans and N. Mout (eds.), The world of Emperor Charles V (Antwerp, 2004) A.G. Dickens, ed., The Courts of Europe: Politics, Patronage and Royalty 1400-1800 (London, 1977) John Adamson, ed., The Princely Courts of Europe. Ritual, Politics and Culture under the Ancien Regime 1500-1750 (London, 1999) POLITICS AND WAR: OVERSEAS EXPANSION/DISCOVERIES H. Thomas, The Conquest of Mexico (1993) L.N. McAlister, Spain and Portugal in the New World 14921700 (1984) J. Lockhart and S.B. Schwartz, Early Latin America (1993) J. Lockhart, The Nahuas After the Conquest (1992) C.M. MacLachan, Spain's Empire in the New World (1988) J.D. Tracy, The Rise of Merchant Empires: Long-Distance Trade in the Early Modern World, 13501750 (1990) C.R. Boxer, The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 14151825 (1969) J.I. Israel, Dutch Primacy in World Trade 15851740 (1989)

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CULTURE AND SOCIETY: EVERYDAY LIFE M.W. Flinn, The European Demographic System 15001820 (1981) F. Braudel, Civilization and Capitalism, 15th to 18th Century (3 vols., 198184) P. Musgrave, The early modern European economy (1999) R.S. Duplessis, Transitions to Capitalism in Early Modern Europe (1997) J. Dewald, The European Nobility 14001800 (1996) H. Zmora, Monarchy and aristocracy and the state in Europe, 13001800 (2001) W. Reinhard (ed.), Power Elites and State Building (1996) J de Vries, European Urbanization 15001800 (1984) C.R. Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 14501750 (1995) A.F. Cowan, Urban Europe, 15001700 (1998) RELIGION: CATHOLIC RENEWAL R. Bireley, The Refashioning of Catholicism, 14501700 (1999) R. Po Chia-Hsia, The World of Catholic Renewal, 15401770 (1998, 2005) M. Mullett, The Catholic Reformation (1999) A.D. Wright. The Early Modern Papacy. From the Council of Trent to the French Revolution, 15641789 (2000) J.W. OMalley, The First Jesuits (1993) S. Haliczer (ed.), Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe (1987) William Doyle, Jansenism (2000) A. G. Dickens, The Counter Reformation, (New York, 1968) H. Jedin, A History of the Council of Trent, (London, 1957 - 61) D. Luebke, The Counter Reformation: The Essential Readings (New York, 1999) J. O'Malley, Trent and All That: Renaming Catholicism in the Early Modern Era (Cambridge, MA., 2000) A. Lynn Martin, The Jesuit Mind: The Mentality of an Elite in Early Modern France (Ithaca, 1988) M. A. Mullet, The Catholic Reformation (New York, 1999) J. C. Olin, ed., The Catholic Reformation: Savonarola to Ignatius of Loyola (1992) R. Rex, The Theology of John Fisher: A Study in the Intellectual Origins of the CounterReformation (Cambridge, 1991) CULTURE AND SOCIETY: MENTAL WORLDS M. Wiesner, Women and Gender in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 2000) S. Marshall ed., Women in Reformation and Counter-Reformation Europe (Bloomington, 1989) R. Bridenthal, S. M. Stuard and M. Wiesner ed., Becoming Visible: women in European history (3rd edition, 1998) L. Roper, The Holy Household: Women and Morals in Reformation Augsburg (Oxford, 1989) B. P. Levack, The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe (London, 1987) R. Briggs, Witches and Neighbours: the social and cultural context of European Witchcraft (Oxford, 2002 and other editions) J. Barry, M. Hester and G. Roberts ed., Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe: studies in culture and belief (Cambridge, 1996) C. Zika, The Appearance of Witchcraft: print and visual culture in sixteenth-century Europe (London, 2007) M. Wiesner ed., Witchcraft in early modern Europe (Boston, 2007) B. Levack ed., The Witchcraft Sourcebook (London, 2004) G. Waite, Heresy, magic and witchcraft in early modern Europe (Basingstoke, 2003) G. Henningsen, The Witches Advocate: Basque witchcraft and the Spanish Inquisition (Reno, 1980) L. Roper, Witch Craze: terror and fantasy in baroque Germany (2004)

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GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY 1600-1770 J. de Vries, A. van der Woude, The First Modern Economy. Success, Failure and Perseverence of the Dutch Economy, 15001815 (1997) J. Israel, The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 14771806 (1995) J.L. Price, The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century (1998) J.B. Collins, The State in Early Modern France (2009 {2nd edn.}) R.J. Knecht, Richelieu (1991) O. Ranum, The Fronde. A Revolution in Early Modern France (1995) S. Kettering, French Society, 16101715 (2000) A. Lossky, Louis XIV and the French Monarchy (1994) D. Sturdy, Louis XIV (1998) C. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy, 16181815 (2nd edn., 2000) T.C.W. Blanning, Joseph II (1994) H.M. Scott (ed.), Enlightened Absolutism (1990) P.G. Dwyer (ed.), The Rise of Prussia, 17001830 (2000) T. Schieder, Frederick the Great (2000) INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WAR M.S. Anderson, The Rise of Modern Diplomacy (1993), chs. 1 and 2 W.J. Roosen The Age of Louis XIV: The Rise of Modern Diplomacy (1976) D. McKay and H.M. Scott, The Rise of the Great Powers 16481815 (1983) H.M. Scott, The Birth of the Great Power System 17401815 (2002) M.S. Anderson, War and Society in Europe of the Old Regime, 16181789 (1988) C.J. Rogers (ed.), The Military Revolution Debate. Readings on the Military Transformation of Early Modern Europe (1995) J. Black, A Military Revolution? Military Change and European Society, 15501800 (1991) R. Asch, The Thirty Years War. The Holy Roman Empire and Europe, 16181648 (1997) THE CHALLENGES TO ORTHODOX BELIEF: SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENT R. Porter and M. Teich (eds.), The Scientific Revolution in National Context (1992) C. Webster, From Paracelsus to Newton: Magic and the Making of Modern Science (1982) S. Schaffer, The Scientific Revolution (1996) W.R. Ward, Christianity under the Ancien Rgime 16481789 (1999) J. Bradley and D. Van Kley (eds.), Religion and Politics in Enlightenment Europe (2001) N. Hampson, The Enlightenment (1968, repr. 1976) J. Van Horn Melton, The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe (2001) T. Munck, The Enlightenment. A Comparative Social History 17211794 (2000) D. Outram, The Enlightenment (1995) R. Porter and M. Teich (eds.), The Enlightenment in National Context (1981) COMMUNICATION IN THE EARLY MODERN WORLD L. Febvre and H.-J. Martin, The Coming of the Book (1976) E. Eisenstein, The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe (1993). A. Pettegree, The Book World of Renaissance Europe (2010) R. Chartier, ed. The Culture of Print: Power and the Uses of Print in Early Modern Europe (1987) D. McKitterick, Print, Manuscript and the Search for Order, 1450-1830 (2005) R.A. Houston, Literacy in Early Modern Europe: Culture and Education, 1500-1800 (1988) A. Grafton and A. Blair (eds.), The Transmission of Culture in Early Modern Europe (1990) H. de Ridder-Symoens, A History of the University in Europe, vol. 2, Early Modern Europe, 1500-1800 (1996) A. Pettegree, Reformation and the Culture of Persuasion (2005)

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REPUBLICS AND OLIGARCHIES P. Benedict et al (ed.), Reformation, Revolt, and Civil War in France and the Netherlands, 1555-1585 (Amsterdam, 1999). G. Darby (ed.), The Origins and Development of the Dutch Revolt (London, 2001). A. Duke, Reformation and Revolt in the Low Countries (London, 1990). M. van Gelderen, The Political Thought of the Dutch Revolt, 1555-1590 (Cambridge, 1992). M. C. tHart, The Making of a Bourgeois State. War, Politics and Finance during the Dutch Revolt (Manchester,1993). H. G. Koenigsberger, Monarchies, States General and Parliaments: the Netherlands in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries (Cambridge, 2001) G. Parker, The Dutch Revolt (London, 1977). J. Tracy, Holland under Habsburg Rule, 1506-1566. The Formation of a Body Politic (Berkeley, 1990). W. Connell, ed. Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence (Berkeley, 2002) L. Martines, Power and Imagination: city states in Renaissance Italy (Baltimore, 1988) L. Martines, April Blood. Florence and the Plot Against the Medici (London, 2003) Q. Skinner, The foundations of modern political thought. Volume 1: The Renaissance. (Cambridge, 1978) W. Bouwsma, Venice and the Defense of Republican Liberty: Renaissance Values in the Age of Counter-Reformation (1968) F. Lane, Venice: A Maritime Republic (1973) D. Chambers, The Imperial Age of Venice, 13801580 (1970) O. Logan, Culture and Society in Venice 14701790: the Renaissance and its Heritage (1972) J.R. Hale, Renaissance Venice (1973) E. Muir, Civic Ritual in Renaissance Venice (1981) R.C. Head, Early Modern Democracy in the Grisons: Social Order and Political Language in Swiss Mountain Cantons, 14701620 (1995) B. Gordon, The Swiss Reformation (2002) T.A. Brady, Turning Swiss: Cities and Empire, 1450-1550 (1985) REVOLTS P. Benedict et al (ed.), Reformation, Revolt, and Civil War in France and the Netherlands, 1555-1585 (Amsterdam, 1999). G. Darby (ed.), The Origins and Development of the Dutch Revolt (London, 2001). A. Duke, Reformation and Revolt in the Low Countries (London, 1990). M. van Gelderen, The Political Thought of the Dutch Revolt, 1555-1590 (Cambridge, 1992). M. C. tHart, The Making of a Bourgeois State. War, Politics and Finance during the Dutch Revolt (Manchester,1993). G. Parker, The Dutch Revolt (London, 1977). A. Pettegree, Emden and the Dutch Revolt. Exile and the Development of Reformed Protestantism (Oxford, 1992). K. W. Swart, William the Silent and the Dutch Revolt, 1572-1584 (Aldershot, 2003). M. P. Holt, The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629 (Cambridge, 1995) H. Heller, Iron and Blood: Civil Wars in Sixteenth Century France (1991) J. Wood, The Kings Army: Warfare, Soldiers and Society During the Wars of Religion, 15621576 (1996). R. M. Kingdon, Geneva and the Coming of the Wars of Religion in France, 1555-1563 (1956) R.W. Scribner and T. Scott (eds.), The German Peasants. War: A History in Documents (1991). P. Blickle, The Revolution of 1525: the German Peasants. War from a New Perspective (1981). Y.-M. Berc, Revolt and Revolution in Early Modern Europe: An Essay on the History of Political Violence (1987) J.K. Powis, Guyenne 1548: the Crown, the Province, and Social Order, ESR 1982. J. Davies, Popular Revolts in Normandy, History Today 198

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THE STRUGGLE FOR WORLD LEADERSHIP P.F. Sugar, South Eastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 13541804 (1977) H. Inalcik, The Ottoman Empire: the Classical Age, 13001600 (1973) R. Murphey, Ottoman Warfare, 15001700 (1999) M. Kunt and C. Woodhead, Suleyman the Magnificent and His Age: the Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern World (1995) M. Fernandez Alvarez, Charles V. Elected Emperor and Hereditary Ruler (1976) M. Rodrguez-Salgado, The Changing Face of Empire: Charles V, Philip II and Habsburg Authority, 15511559 (1988) J.H. Elliott, Imperial Spain, 14691715 (1963) J.H. Elliott, Spain and its World, 15001700 (1989) J. Lynch, Spain 1516-1598: From Nation State to World Empire (1991) J. Lynch, The Hispanic World in Crisis and Change, 15981700 (1991) D.B. Quinn and A.N. Ryan, England's Sea Empire, 15501642 (1983) C.R. Boxer, The Dutch in Brazil, 16241654 (1957/1973) H. Furber, Rival Empires of Trade in the Orient, 16001800 (1976) J.D. Tracey (ed.), The Rise of Merchant Empires (1990) J.D. Tracey (ed.) The Political Economy of Merchant Empires (1991) THE MEDITERRANEAN AND MIDDLE EAST P.F. Sugar, South Eastern Europe under Ottoman Rule, 13541804 (1977) H. Inalcik, The Ottoman Empire: the Classical Age, 13001600 (1973) R. Murphey, Ottoman Warfare, 15001700 (1999) M. Kunt and C. Woodhead, Suleyman the Magnificent and His Age: the Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern World (1995) C. Imber, The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650: the Structure of Power (2002) S. Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. vol. 1: Empire of the Gazis: the Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire, 12801808 (1976) P. Coles, The Ottoman impact on Europe H. Inalcik and D. Quataert, ed.s, An economic and social history of the Ottoman Empire 13001914 (vol i) (1994) F. Petry, Protectors or Praetorians? The last Mamluk sultans and Egypts waning as a great power W. Griswold, The Great Anatolian Rebellion, 15911611 (1983) I. Metin-Kunt, The Sultans Servants: The Transfomation of Ottoman Provincial Government, 15501650 (1983) S.J. Shaw, The Financial and Administrative Development of Ottoman Egypt, 15171798 (1962) D. Piper, Slave Soldiers and Islam: the Genesis of a Military System (1981) F. Braudel, The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II (1973) D.M. Vaughan, Europe and the Turk: A Pattern of Alliances, 13501700 (1954) J.F. Guilmartin, Ideology and Conflict: the Wars of the Ottoman Empire, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 1988 J.F. Guilmartin, Gunpowder and Galleys: Changing Technology and Mediterranean Warfare at Sea in the Sixteenth Century (1974) A. Hess, The Forgotten Frontier: A History of the Sixteenth Century Ibero-African Frontier (1978) A. Hess, The Battle of Lepanto and its Place in Mediterranean History, Past and Present 1972

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