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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
921
9.
7
10. 7
11. 7
12. 8
13. 9
14. 10
15. 10
16. 10
17. 10
18. 11
19. 11
20. 12
12
921
21. 12
22. 14
i
23. 14
48. 34
24. 14
49. 34
16
50. 34
25. 16
35
26. 16
51. 35
27. 17
52. 38
28. 20
53. 38
29. 20
54. 41
30. 20
55. 41
31. 20
56. 41
32. 8.2 21
57. 42
33. 21
58. 42
34.
43
21
59. 43
35. 22
60. 43
36. 24
61. 44
37. 24
62. 44
38. 26
63. 45
39. 26
64. 45
26
65. 45
40. 26
66. 47
41. 26
67. 48
42. 26
68. 50
43. 27
69. 50
44. 27
52
45. 28
52
46. 29
70. 52
47. 31
71. 52
ii
iii
72. 52
98. 78
62
79
73. 62
99. 79
74. 62
100. 79
75. 62
76. 63
77. 63
78. 64
79. 64
80. 64
81. 65
82. 65
83. 67
84. 68
85. 68
86. 68
87. 69
88. 70
73
89. 73
90. 73
91. 74
92. 74
93. 75
94. 75
95. 75
96. 77
97. 77
iv
-1-
2
3
(1)crust
35
70
80 58
(2)mantle 2,900
(3)core
5,100
-2-
3.80
17
2883
3471
0.00137
0.008
0.899
0.175
1.03
2.80
4.50
10.70
6371
1.083
5.52
27
(km)
(10 cm )
27
(10 g)
0.00141
0.024
4.075
1.876
5.976
(g/cm3)
()
000.024
000.4
068.1
031.5
100.00
a = 6378160 m
b = 6356774.5161 m
GM = 3.9861014m3/s2
= 7.292115146710-5rad/s
= 5.5145g/cm3
-3-
M = 5.9761027 g
5
G
GE = 978.03184558cm/s2
Gp = 983.21772792cm/s2
G
G
mantle G
1021cm/s2
G = 978.03185(10.005278895sin2
0.000023462sin4)cm/s2
6
73N100W
68S146E
1500
1922 1945
-4-
(SI )
(tesla,T)
(
92 6 13 09204608060
)
1T=1Wb/m21T=104Ggauss,CGS
70T
60T
25T 30T
(1=10-4)
(2)albedo
0.29
(3)
(4)
(5)
30
1 1/30m 6.7
1 1/6.7m
(1)
-5-
-6-
9
(Seismology) Seismos
(earthquake) logos (Science)
12
10
(1)(2)(3)
(dislocation)
(elastic waves)
(seismic waves
11
-7-
-8-
13
(1)(hypocenter)
(2)(epicenter)
-9-
- 10 -
14
030
(very shallow earthquake) 3070
(shallow earthquake) 70300
(intermediate earthquake) 300700
(deep earthquake)
15
300
1000
16
(foreshock)
(aftershock)
17
(1)(local earthquake)
100
(2)(small-felt-area earthquake)
100 200
- 11 -
- 12 -
(3)(moderate earthquake)
200 300
(4)(remarkable earthquake)
300
18
1930 1 28
150
20
(1)(Foreshock)
(2)(Main Shock)
(3)(Aftershock)
(4)(Swarm Earthquakes)
1940
21
(pseudoseisms)
(1)(body wave)
1 P primary wave
(2)(surface wave)
1 (love wave)
2 (rayleigh wave)
- 13 -
- 14 -
19
22
P
S
(trapped wave)
23
(dispersion)
24
P
- 15 -
- 16 -
1 2 103 P
103 P
P 143
103 143
P
(shadow zone)
25
(Magnitude)
26
(ML) 1935
ML = logA-logA0
A=
m 1m= 10-6 m
A0=
ML=0
MLmb
Ms
AT
mb = log(A/T)+Q() Q()
AT
Ms = log(A/T)+alog+b
ab
- 17 -
- 18 -
27
21
(Moment
magnitude scale,Mw)
:
Mw = (2/3)log10M0-6
M0
(Richter
magnitude scale) (local
magnitude,ML) 1935
-
(Wood-Anderson torsion seismometer)
6.5
7.5
600
(U.S.
Geological Survey,USGS)
3.5
- 19 -
- 20 -
M0=DS
(rigidity shear
modulus)
D ()
1.78 178
(USGS)
1999/09/21 01:47
7.3
7.7
2002/03/31 14:52
6.8
7.1
2003/12/10 12:38
6.6
6.8
2005/03/06 03:06
5.9
5.8
28
10
29
(Gutenberg)
logE = 11.8+1.5ML
30
30
31
2.5
4.5
7.0
- 21 -
- 22 -
32 8.2
8.2 1000
33
3.0
3.0 5.0
5.0 7.0
7.0
34M
(1)M 9.0
5
(2)M 8.0 8.9
1900
1900 18
- 23 -
1900 120
(5)M 5.0 5.9
1900 800
(6)M 4.0 4.9
M 4.0 1900
6,200
(7)M 3.0 3.9
1900 49,000
(8)M 2.0 2.9
1900
1,000
(9)M 1.0 1.9
1900 8,000
(10)M 1.0
35
(intensity)
- 24 -
(cm/s2 ,Gal)
0.8
0
0.8~2.5
1
2.5~8.0
2
8~25
3
25~80
4
80~250
5
250~400
6
400
7
- 25 -
36
(Weber-Fechner)
I cm/s2
I
logI = (I/2)-0.6
37
1999
- 26 -
38
39
40
41
42
- 27 -
- 28 -
(damping)
43
4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
45
(1)
(2)
(3)
44
(1)
- 29 -
- 30 -
46
(1)
AEW = P E-W (E W )
ANS = P N-S N S
TP T0
VP
( TP =P )
TS T0
VS
( TS =S )
AEW
ANS
tan 1
TS TP (
TS TP
1
1
( )
VS VP
1
1
)
VS V P
T0
TPVP TSVS
V P VS
OB
B
OA A
(2) 3
Vp P
Vs S To
- 31 -
(3)
- 32 -
47
1989
CWBSN
1997
2000
- 33 -
- 34 -
48
80
166167
49
50
75 5 20
6.2 11 15
- 35 -
- 36 -
6.8
81
51
(plate tectonics)
(lithosphere) 100
(asthenosphere)
36
- 37 -
3
(1)(divergent boundaries)
(mid-ocean ridge)
100
(2)(convergent boundaries)
3045
(subduction zone)
700
(3)(conservative boundaries)
- 38 -
52
(4)
53
3 39
(1)
10
- 39 -
- 40 -
(2)
300
(3)
- 41 -
- 42 -
54
19912006 16
18,500
1,000
1999
921 49,919
3,228
1901 97
55
9 1
6 9
6 11 23
1011 67 12
12
56
- 43 -
57
24 53
88
58
88 9 21
88 12
88 8878473
0.33g
0.23g
- 44 -
94.12.21 0940087319
95 1 1
(http://www.cpami.gov.tw/web/index.php?option=com_content&task=view
&id=976&Itemid=95)
59
60
1906 3 17
13
240 180
1935 4 21
10 20
150 3
1941 12 17
2,500
- 45 -
1946 12 5
12 220 200
1999 9 21
100 7
4
61
62
1941 12 17 4 19
63
- 46 -
(1)
1896 29 6 15
200
19
33
10,370
27,000
19 50
20
24
30
(2)
1755 11 1
Tagus 9
50
4 6
2
60
58
(3)
- 47 -
- 48 -
500 650
64
g h h g
500 1,000 30 60
65
22
3,300
9
35
2 2.4
1.5 1.8
350
32.5
50
36,400
(4) 2004
2004 12 26 00:58()
9.0
67
1661
6
(1)(Herport)1661 1
6 30
23
3
3
(2)12
1721 1 5
(3)
(1781)
- 49 -
- 50 -
66
(4)1792
(5)(Alvarez)(Formosa)
1866 10 16 8 20
(6)1867 12 18 15
6 1867
68
50
7.0 35
69
I
II
- 51 -
- 52 -
III
70
1901 2006 97
71
1935 4 21 6 2
3 24.4
120.8
10 150 60
20
3
3,276 12,053 17,907
11,405 25,376
1999 9
21 1 47
9 23.9 120.8
100
7 4
2,456 10,718 53,661
53,024
72
- 53 -
- 54 -
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
- 55 -
1901
120E
No.
24.7
1 1901 27 6 7 8 5
121.8
23.5
2 1904 30 4 24 14 39
120.3
23.6
3 1904 30 11 6 4 25
120.3
24.2
4 1905 31 8 28 12 22
121.7
23.6
5 1906 32 3 17 6 43
120.5
23.7
6 1906 32 3 26 11 29
120.5
23.7
7 1906 32 4 4 20 42
120.5
23.4
8 1906 32 4 7 12 52
120.4
23.4
9 1906 32 4 14 3 18
120.4
23.7
10 1908 34 1 11 11 35
121.4
25.0
11 1909 1 4 15 3 54
121.5
24.0
12 1909 1 5 23 18 44
120.9
*(www.nfa.gov.tw)
5.6
6.1
10
13
145
158
303
6.1
6.0
7.1
1258
2385
3643
5.0
4.9
57
66
152
688
906
661 1112
2067
3840
43
84
99
20
6.6
15
10
7.3
80
7.3
63
1 11 21 15 36
14 1910
4 12 8 22
15 1913
1 8 6 50
16 1916
8 28 15 27
17 1916
5 11 15 6 31
18 1917
1 5 0 55
19 1917
1 7 2 8
20 1918
3 27 11 52
21 1920
6 5 12 21
22 1922 11
9 2 3 16
23 1922 11
9 15 3 31
24 1922 11
9 17 6 44
58
486
5.3
13 1909
13
558
5
76
1794 2116
51
60
122
252
10
32
78
7 52
7921 11831
4
8
187
798
346
25 1922 11 10 15 7 47
26 1922 11 12 2 11 46
1172
27 1922 11 12 13 19 26
5.9
- 56 -
42
24.4
121.8
25.1
122.9
24.0
121.6
24.0
121.0
24.1
120.9
24.0
121.0
23.9
120.9
24.6
121.9
24.0
122.0
24.5
122.2
24.6
122.3
23.9
122.5
24.6
122.3
24.6
122.0
24.6
122.1
20
7.3
200
14
25
14
53
8.3
13
57
72
6.4
2
5499 14
45
6.8
16
159
175
614
954
3931
20
6.2
20
21
97
200
772
1069
6.2
54
85
139
130
230
395
755
5.5
21
21
187
221
277
685
6.2
20
8.3
20
25
273
277
980
1530
20
7.6
12
14
22
139
175
20
7.2
24
24
365
413
6.0
195
203
14
14
33
34
13
13
20
5.9
6.0
5.5
- 57 -
28 1923 12
2 28 18 12
29 1923 12
3 5 8 10
30 1923 12
5 4 18 41
31 1923 12
9 29 14 51
32 1925 14
6 14 13 38
33 1927 16
8 25 2 9
34 1930 19 12 8 16 01
35 1930 19 12 22 8 08
36 1931 20
1 24 23 02
37 1934 23
8 11 6 18
38 1935 24
4 21 6 02
39 1935 24
5 5 7 02
40 1935 24
5 30 3 43
41 1935 24
6 7 10 51
42 1935 24
7 17 0 19
24.6
122.0
24.5
121.8
23.3
120.3
22.8
121.1
24.1
121.8
23.3
120.3
23.3
120.4
23.3
120.4
23.4
120.1
24.8
120.8
24.4
120.8
24.5
120.8
24.1
120.8
24.2
120.5
24.6
120.7
43 1935 24
9 4 9 38
44 1936 25
8 22 14 51
45 1939 28 11 7 11 53
5.7
5.5
75
81
46 1941 30 12 17 3 19
339
339
47 1943 32 10 23 0 01
63
74
214
225
984
1423
48 1943 32 11 3 0 51
20
5.6
20
6.5
20
6.1
10
6.5
20
5.6
6.5
7.1
10
6.0
20
5.6
20
5.7
30
6.2
11
4
25
29
49
277
172
14
14
121
424
2295
698
11
165
498
2840
698
18
44
- 58 -
38
391
435
28
98
473
24
16
174
1734 1850
4037
49 1943 32 11 24 5 51
50 1943 32 12 2 13 9
51 1944 33
2 6 1 20
52 1946 35 12 5 6 47
-
53 1951 40 10 22 5 34
599 -
54 1951 40 10 22 11 29
26 -
55 1951 40 11 25 2 50
195
7621 -
56 1955 44
4 4 19 11
57 1957 46
2 24 4 26
22.5
121.5
22.0
121.2
24.4
120.8
23.4
120.5
23.8
121.5
24.0
121.8
24.0
121.7
22.5
121.5
23.8
121.4
23.1
120.3
23.9
121.7
24.1
121.7
23.2
121.4
21.8
120.9
23.8
121.8
50
50
10
15
10
20
20
7.2
30
7.1
10
5.8
12
7.1
358
733
1091
6.2
114
3
114
20
4520 6910
1
24
148
4176 15606
148
5.0
87
5.7
479
479 78
40
6.1
423 36
6.4
6.1
74
482
556
7.3
68
856
932
7.1
36
7.3
17
326
343
1016
582
1598
6.8
22
30
141
193
30
7.3
12
23
44
64
15
30
30
11
- 59 -
11
14
139
55
229
380
1954 2084
87
4038
2382
390
108
58 1957 46 10 20 2 28
59 1959 48
4 27 4 41
60 1959 48
8 15 16 57
61 1959 48
8 17 16 25
62 1959 48
8 18 8 34
63 1959 48
9 25 10 37
64 1963 52
2 13 16 50
65 1963 52
3 4 21 38
66 1963 52
3 10 10 53
67 1964 53
1 18 20 4
68 1964 53
2 17 13 50
69 1965 54
5 18 1 19
70 1966 55
3 13 0 31
71 1967 56 10 25 8 59
72 1972 61
1 25 10 07
23.7
121.5
24.1
123.0
21.7
121.3
22.3
121.2
22.1
121.7
22.1
121.2
24.4
122.1
24.6
121.1
24.5
121.9
23.2
120.6
23.2
120.6
22.5
120.8
24.2
122.7
24.4
122.1
22.5
122.3
10
6.6
150
7.7
20
7.1
16
35
40
5.6
98
15
6.1
85
101
9
1214 1375
13
2589
3
32
73 1972 61
74 1978 67 12 23 19 23
*
4 24 17 57
75 1982 71
1 23 22 11
76 1986 75
5 20 13 25
37
77 1986 75 11 15 5 20
50
50
16
19
43
50
26
58
120
10
6.5
47
7.3
6.4
6.1
28
37
68
15
18
12
1
3
106
78 1990 79 12 13 11 1
79 1990 79 12 14 3 49
80 1991 80
6.3
10
5.9
21
6.5
21
70
91
42
7.8
11
15
24
14
38
20
6.1
21
38
59
33
7.3
14
422 4223
40965
*
()
18
- 60 -
653
4645
3 12 14 4
81 1992 81
4 20 2 32
82 1992 81
5 29 7 19
83 1993 82 12 16 5 49
23.5
121.4
23.3
122.1
24.0
121.6
24.1
121.6
4
81
12
15
24.0 10
121.8
23.9
121.5
23.9
121.8
23.2
120.1
23.8
121.6
23.1
121.4
23.2
120.5
10
30
15
6.9
17
22
6.8
6.5
16
6.2
15
6.8
13
45
58
37
33
6.5
11
6.7
12.3
5.9
15.1
5
10
8.1
5.6
13.7
5.4
12.5
5.7
98
1
84 1994 83
6 5 9 9
24.4 34.8
121.8
5.3
6.5
85 1995 84
2 23 13 19
24.2
16.6
121.69
21.7
5.8
13
15
- 61 -
50
24
148
1
70
*
2/3
14
25 1 2
25
*
24.61
121.67
11.1
86 1995 84
6 25 14 59
87 1998 87
23.5
7 17 12 51
14.6
120.66
88 1999 88
9 21 1 47
89 1999 88 10 22 10 18
90 2000 89
5 17 11 25
91 2000 89
6 11 2 23
92 2002 91
3 31 14 52
93 2002 91
5 15 11 46
94 2003 92 12 10 12 38
95 2004 93
5 1 15 56
23.85
7.0
120.82
23.52
120.42 2.2
24.19
8.6
121.1
23.9
21.4
121.11
24.14
122.19
55.8
24.65
5.2
121.87
23.07
4.9
121.4
24.08
121.53 6.9
39.9
2.8
6.5
6.2
8.0
7.3
16.6
6.4
9.7
5.6
16.2
28
33
18
165
183 *
105479 80 *
()
4 1 18 2
2006 95 12 26 20 26
97
2006 95 12 26 20 34
98 2009 98 11 5 17 32
99 2009 98 12 19 21 02
100 2010 99
11
6.7
40
42
13.8
6.8
269
274
8.5
6.2
17.7
6.4
15
21.6
5.3
- 62 -
69
96 2006 95
262
62
262
3 4 8 18
22.88
7.0
121.08
21.69
38.4
120.56
21.97
33.1
120.42
23.79
120.72
10.1
23.79
21.4
121.66
22.97
17.1
120.71
7.2
6.2
44.1
7.0
15
37
14
21
42
44
*
*
2
50.2
7.0
24.1
6.2
43.8
6.9
14
14
22.6
6.4
96
96
6 *
37
- 63 -
73
(mechanism)
(1)(2)(3)
(4)(5)
(6)(7)(8)
(9)
(geodesic method)
1964
(Radon)
- 64 -
- 65 -
74
1991 2006
18,500
51
75
1969
0.2% 2%
1973
12%
78
79
76
77
- 66 -
80
- 67 -
(1)
1962
90
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1965
30
(2)
1964
1964
(3)
1972 7 26
(Soviet Research
Institute) 1973 1976
3 4
4,000
- 68 -
- 69 -
81
15%
82
400 800 30
(ILGG)(S. L. Solviev)
83
84
(1).
(2)
(3)
(4)
85
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
86
- 70 -
- 71 -
87
(1)
(2)
100
- 72 -
15
25
10
88
- 73 -
89
200
8.5 9.0
500 1,000
8.5 9.0 10
9.0
5
90
- 74 -
- 75 -
91
92
- 76 -
93
4.5
94
95
- 77 -
96
1906 4 18
13 12
8.3
390 4
97
- 78 -
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
- 79 -
98
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
- 80 -
99
022349-1102
100
- 81 -
64
http://www.cwb.gov.tw
(02)2349-1168
209 1
http://www.govbooks.com.tw
(02)2518-0207
6
http://www.wunanbooks.com.tw
(04)2226-0330
97 11
27
GPN1009201589