DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLER

BY

ABIODUN, SUNDAY (H/EE/11/0606) POPOOLA, TAIWO (H/EE/11/0607)

A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILARO

OCTOBER, !01"

CERTIFICATION

This is to satisfy that this project was carried out by Abiodun, Sunday H/EE/11/0606 and Popoola, Taiwo H/EE/11/060 of the !epart"ent of Electrical En#ineerin#, $ederal

Polytechnic %laro, &#un State, in partial fulfill"ent of the Award for Hi#her 'ational diplo"a (H'!) in Electrical En#ineerin# (Power &ption) under the super*ision of +r, +ba"alui-e" P,&,

Super*isor.s si#nature and !ate

Head of !epart"ent.s si#nature and !ate

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DEDICATION

This project is especially dedicated to Al"i#hty /od for his "ercies upon our li*es and for seein# us throu#h the successful co"pletion of this project, Also, to our lo*in# parents whose care and support has been a #reat "oti*ation in all our acade"ic pursuits, $inally, to all our lecturers in Electrical En#ineerin# depart"ent for #i*in# their ti"e and effort to in*est in us as future leaders,

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AC#NOWLEDGEMENT 0e e1press our #ratitude to the "erciful /od, for his "ercies and #race #i*en to us to co"plete this project, $ather we say, than- you, &ur sincere appreciation #oes to our parents +r 2 +rs Abiodun and +r 2 +rs Popoola for their "oral and financial support, 0e lo*e you and will ne*er for#et your lo*e towards us, /od will ne*er allow you to die youn#, A"en, &ur sincere appreciation also #oes to our siblin#s3 and to all H'! %% #raduatin# students, for bein# our friends all this ti"e, 0e lo*e you all, $urther"ore, our i""easurable #ratitude #oes to our project super*isor in person of +r P,&, +ba"alui-e", for the useful details, necessary corrections and ad*ice he rendered while project was bein# co"piled to#ether and for his patient to ensure #ood result was obtained for the project wor-, we will fore*er be #rateful for the -nowled#e you ha*e passed to us, To all our lecturers in the depart"ent, "ay /od continue to #i*e you "ore wisdo" to do "ore e1ploit in the field of En#ineerin#, $inally, in a special way, our appreciation #oes to the head of !epart"ent En#r, 4,&, &#unye"i for his tireless effort to see to the s"ooth runnin# of Electrical !epart"ent,

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ABSTRACT

Thermoelectric technology can be used to generate a small amount of electrical power, typically in the W or mW range, if a temperature difference is maintained between two terminals of a thermoelectric module. Alternatively, a thermoelectric module can operate as a heat pump, providing heating or cooling of an object connected to one side of a thermoelectric module if a DC current is applied to the module s input terminals. This chapter reviews the development of micro electromechanical systems !"#"$% based thermoelectric devices suitable for micro&power generation, heating and cooling applications. The chapter begins with a brief overview of thermoelectric technology, macro&thermoelectric module construction and operation. "icro&thermoelectric modules are introduced, and a review of recent developments in research, commercial development, and typical application of "#"$ based micro&thermoelectric devices is made. The chapter draws conclusions on the development and potential application of "#"$ based thermoelectric devices suitable for thermoelectric cooling, heating and micro&power generation.

TABLE OF CONTENT
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CHAPTER ONE 1,0 1,1 1,< 1,= 1,> %ntroduction Proble" State"ent &bjecti*es Si#nificance Scope 1 < < < <

CHAPTER TWO 5iterature 8e*iew >

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CHAPTER THREE =,0 =,1 =,< !esi#n analysis %ntroduction Ther"al analysis and para"eters needed =,<,1 =,<,< =,<,= =,= Seebac- effect Pertier effect Tho"son effect @ 10 1< 1= ?

+athe"atical eAuation for describin# the operation of ther"o electric "odule

=,>

Efficiency of a ther"oelectric "odule

1>

CHAPTER FOUR >,0 >,1 >,< >,= >,> >,B >,6 >, 7onstruction and Testin# %ntroduction Principle of operation Te"perature control circuit !isinte#ration of the control circuit Heat sin- consideration %nstallation of the ther"oelectric "odule Power supply reAuire"ent 16 16 16 1? 1@ << <> <B

CHAPTER FI$E

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B,0 B,1

7onclusion and 8eco""endation 7onclusion

<6 <6

REFERENCES

LIST OF FIGURE

$i#ure <,0 $i#ure =,0 $i#ure =,1 $i#ure =,< $i#ure >,0 $i#ure >,1 $i#ure >,< $i#ure >,= $i#ure >,>

Ther"oelectric circuit Si"ple ther"oelectric circuit Si"ple ther"oelectric circuit to a dc source Ther"oelectric couple Ther"oelectric "odule +ain circuit dia#ra" Te"perature control circuit 8e*ersed "ode of the te"perature circuit Sche"atic dia#ra" of heat sin-

> @ 11 1= 1 1? 1@ <0 <=

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LIST OF ABBRE$IATION

C'( C coefficient of perfor"ance

) C current throu#h the ther"oelectric "odule (a"p)

*t C total ther"al conducti*ity of ther"oelectric "odule, (0D7E1)

+c C coolin# load (0)

( C electric power supplied to the ther"oelectric "odule (0)

, C total electrical resistance of ther"oelectric "odule (oh")

Th C hotFend te"perature of the ther"oelectric "odule (9)

Tc C coldFend te"perature of the ther"oelectric "odule (9)

- C *olta#e to the ther"oelectric "odule (*olt)

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G C Seebac- coefficient of ther"oelectric "odule (-DCE1)

HT C te"perature difference