DEAD LOADS

COMPONENT Bituminous Products: Asphaltum Graphite Paraffin Petroleum, crude Petroleum, refined Petroleum, benzine Petroleum, gasoline Pitch Tar Brass Bronze Cast-stone masonry (cement, stone, sand) Cement, portland, loose Ceramic tile Charcoal Cinder fill Cinders, dry, in bulk Coal: Anthracite, piled Bituminous, piled Lignite, piled Peat, dry, piled Concrete, plain: Cinder Expanded-slag aggregate Haydite (burned-clay) aggregate Slag Stone (including gravel) Vermiculite and perlite aggregate, nonloadbearing Other light aggregate, load-bearing Concrete, reinforced: Cinder Slag Stone (including gravel) Copper Cork, compressed Earth (not submerged): Clay, dry Clay, damp Clay and gravel, dry 17.44 21.69 23.57 87.37 2.26 9.9 17.29 15.71 16.97 15.71 14.14 20.74 22.63 3.93 11 12.73 21.21 8.8 8.64 7.86 7.23 6.6 10.84 11.79 82.66 86.74 22.63 14.14 23.57 1.89 8.96 7.07 8.17 7.39 7.39 3.61 kN/m3

Silt, moist, loose Silt, moist, packed Silt, flowing Sand and gravel, dry, loose Sand and gravel, dry, packed Sand and gravel, wet Earth (submerged): Clay Soil River mud Sand or gravel Sand or gravel, and clay Gravel, dry Gypsum, loose Gypsum wallboard Ice Iron: Cast Wrought Lead Lime: Hydrated, loose Hydrated, compacted Masonry, ashlar: Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Marble Sandstone Masonry, brick: Hard (low absorption) Medium (medium absorption) Soft (high absorption) Masonry, rubble mortar: Granite Limestone, crystalline Limestone, oolitic Marble Sandstone Mortar, hardened: Cement Lime Particleboard Plywood Riprap (not submerged): Limestone Sandstone Sand:

12.26 15.09 16.97 15.71 17.29 18.86 12.57 11 14.14 9.43 10.21 16.34 11 7.86 8.99 70.71 75.43 111.57 5.03 7.07 25.93 25.93 21.21 27.19 22.63 20.43 18.07 15.71 24.04 23.1 21.69 24.51 21.53 20.43 17.29 7.07 5.66 13.04 14.14

Clean and dry River, dry Slag: Bank Bank screenings Machine Sand Slate Steel Stone, quarried, piled: Basalt, granite, gneiss Limestone, marble, quartz Sandstone Shale Greenstone, hornblende Terra cotta, architectural: Voids filled Voids unfilled Tin Water: Fresh Sea Wood, seasoned: Ash, commercial white Cypress, southern Fir, Douglas, coast region Hem fir Oak, commercial and reds and whites Pine, southern yellow Redwood Spruce, red, white, and sitka Western hemlock Zinc, rolled, sheet

14.14 16.66 11 16.97 15.09 8.17 27.03 76.84 15.09 14.93 12.89 14.46 16.81 18.86 11.31 72.13 9.81 10.06 6.44 5.34 5.34 4.4 7.39 5.81 4.4 4.56 5.03 70.56

kN/m3

7.86 16.5