Thursday, October 24

1.S.I.R. 2.Quick review of test 3.Example of project 4.Finding good sources 5.Gather research

Test Grading Scheme

1. Name 3 stories that circulate about Stargirl in Chapter 10 /2 2. What change do the students undergo in Chapter 11? /2 3. Name and explain 2 passages in Chap 12 which foreshadow /2 4. Character vs. Society conflict/Hot Seat /3 Grammar + Punctuation /2 Total /11

Nelson Mandela
Born Nelson Rolihlahla (Madiba) Mandela on 18 July 1918 at Qunu, near Umtata in South Africa. His father was the Chief Councillor to the Superior Chief of the Thembu. As a young boy, he was being prepared to take over as the Chief of the Thembu. To avoid getting married, Mandela and his cousin Justice moved to Johannesburg.

a)Describe the societys culture, values, behavior before this individual made an impact.

Tensions were high between the English colonizers and Dutch descendants in the 1900s To gain dominance over the Dutch, the English Nationalist Party invented apartheid (the segregation of racial groups) Racial discrimination was institutionalized in 1948. In 1950, the Population Registration Act required that all South Africans be racially classified into one of three categories: white, black (African), or colored (of mixed decent). Non-compliance with the race laws were dealt with harshly. All blacks were required to carry ``pass books'' containing fingerprints, photo and information on access to non-black areas.

 b) What did this individual do to change the status quo of their society/culture/establishment?

Together with Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela helped in founding the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) in 1944. As their first sign of defiance against Apartheid, Mandela and 51 volunteers started breaking the curfew rules. Was the first commander-in-chief of the MK, a military protest group. Was a constant leader of protests and demonstrations fighting the apartheid. Met with many world leaders Was elected President of South Africa in 1994

 c) What sort of challenges or obstacles did this individual face? Did they overcome them? How?

Mandela was imprisoned several times for his activism, including a life sentence in 1964. He was charged for treason, sabotage, conspiracy to overthrow the government by revolution, and assisting an armed invasion of South Africa by foreign troops. He stayed imprisoned from 1964 to 1990 (26 years!), and was finally released after local and international pressure on the government.

 d) Was the impact of the individual ultimately positive or negative? How so?
In 1993, Mandela got world leaders to lift economic sanctions on South Africa, helping the economy. Thanks to Mandelas campaigning, the first general election was held in 1994, allowing all citizens to vote, regardless of race. Mandelas inauguration was attended by the largest group of international leaders ever in South Africa. Mandela retired in 1999, but still works with health and educational issues through the Nelson Mandela Foundation and the Nelson Mandela Childrens Fund.

Finding your Sources

Make sure your sources are reputable, meaning from trusted professionals and established websites Hint: Look at the URL .com usually is not a reputable site; it is a site used for business purposes .org/.gov/.ca/.edu are usually reputable sources Exceptions: News sites (The Globe and Mail, The Washington Post) Exceptions: Wikipedia.org Can be edited by anyone