Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

Dayalbagh Educational Institute Question Bank Class: Diploma in Engineering Course No: DEE 512 Course Title: Communication Engineering UNIT 1 Analog modulation amplitude modulation working principle of AM modulators frequency modulation, advantages and disadvantages of FM over AM, principle of FM modulators. Demodulation of AM and FM waves concept of phase modulation and its use. UNIT 2 Communication system: information, Transmitters, block diagram of AM transmitter working of each shage of receivers: TRF receiver, super-hetero dyne receiver. UNIT 3 Pulse communication: information theory; coding, shanons sampling theorem, pulse-width, pulse position and pulse-code modulations, PAM system PSK FSK QPSK DPSK and Delta modulation. UNIT 4 Digital communication: digital codes, modern classification and interfacing pulse transmission through band limited channels; inter symbol interface. UNIT 5 Ground wave, line of sight, ionospheric propagation. Satellite communication geostationary orbit, transponders; block diagram of satellite transmitter and receiver uplink and down link frequencies.

Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Question Bank DEE512 UNIT I 1. (a) What is meant by modulation of signals? Why are baseband message signals modulated? Explain. (b) Describe various types of modulation performed on analog signals. 2. Explain amplitude modulation. Describe various methods of generating AM signals. Derive expressions for power content of the carrier and the sidebands in an AM signals as well as the transmission efficiency. 3. What is the advantage of DSB-SC modulation over AM? How are DSB-SC signals generated? Describe various testing techniques used? 4. Two signals m1(t) and m2(t) both band-limited to 5000 rad/s are to be transmitted simultaneously over a channel by the multiplexing scheme shown in figure below. The signal at point b is the multiplexed signal, which now modulates a carrier of frequency 20,000 rad/s. the modulated signal at point c is transmitted over a channel. a) Sketch signal spectra at points a, b and c. b) What must be the band width of the channel? c) Design a receiver to recover signals m1 (t) and m2 (t) from the modulated signal at point c.
) M2(

M1()

-5000

5000

-5000

5000

5. For the AM signal shown below with modulation index = 0.8 (i) Find the amplitude and power of the carrier (ii) Find the sideband power and the power efficiency .

6. A modulating signal m(t) is given by (i) m(t) = cos 100t (ii) m(t) = cos 100t + 2 cos 300t (iii)m(t) = cos 100t cos 500t In each case i. Sketch the spectrum of m(t) ii. Find and sketch the spectrum of the DSB-SC signal 2 m(t) cos 1000t

Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

iii. iv.

Sketch the USB signal from spectrum obtained in (ii) above Write the expression for the USB signal.

7. Explain the concepts of instantaneous frequency and angle modulation. Describe the two types of angle modulation commonly used. Show that FM and PM are inseparable. 8. Determine the instantaneous frequency in Hz for the following signals at the instant shown against each of them (a) A cos (10t + t2) at t = 0 and t = 5 sec (b) 5 cos (10t + sin 5t) at t = 0 sec (c) 2 exp (j200 t) at t = 100 sec 9. An angle modulated signal with carrier frequency c = 2 106 rad/s is described by the equation uFM(t) = 10 cos (ct + 0.1 sin 2000 t) (a) Find the power of the modulated signal (b) Find the frequency deviation f (c) Estimate the phase deviation 10. (a) Describe briefly any one of the direct methods of generation of FM. (b)Describe briefly any one method of FM demodulation. UNIT 2 1. Explain the working of a superheterodyne AM receiver and discuss the use of each block. 2. In a superheterodyne receiver, the desired input signal is at a frequency of 700 MHz. the local oscillator (LO) frequency is 1 GHz. The mixer is an ideal multiplier with a gain independent of frequency. A band pass filer (BPF) is used to select the intermediate frequency (IF) output at 300 MHz. What is the image frequency of the desired input? 3. Compare the merits and demerits of DSB-SC transmission with SSB-SC transmission. 4. A certain station used DSB-SC with an average transmitted power of P watts. If SSB-SC were used instead, what must be the average transmitted power for the same received signal strength? Assume synchronous detection with the local oscillator of the same strength in both cases. 5. Explain the working of a (a) Ring Modulator (b) Diode Bridge Modulator. 6. Explain the working of (a) rectifier detector (b) envelope detector. 7. Explain the generation of SSB signal with a block diagram and also discuss the demodulation strategy.

Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

8. Discuss the effect of local oscillator not being in synchronism with the carrier used for modulating the message signal on the shape of the recovered message signals in DSB-SC and transmission.

UNIT 3 1. Explain the advantage of digital communication over analog communication.

2. The figure below shows Fourier spectra of signals g1(t) and g2(t). Determine the Nyquist interval and the sampling rate for the signals g1(t), g2(t), g12(t), g23(t) and g1(t) g2(t). G2 ()
G1 ()

3 10
5

2 10 5

3. Given that since(x) = (sin x) / (x), determine the Nyquist sampling rate and the Nyquist sampling interval for the signals (a) sinc 100t (b) sinc (100t) + sinc (50t) (c) sinc2 (100t) (d) sinc (100t) + 3 sinc2 (60t) (e) sinc (50t) sinc (100t)

4. Describe (a) Differential pulse code modulation (b) Delta modulation (c) Adaptive delta modulation Discuss their relative merits and demerits. How do they compare with PCM? 5. A TV signal has a bandwidth of 4.5 MHz. The signal is sampled, quantized and binary coded to obtain a PCM signal. (a) Determine the sampling rate if the signal is to be sampled at a rate 20% above the Nyquist rate. (b) If the samples are quantized into 1024 levels, determine the number of binary pulses required to encode each sample.

Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

(c) Determine the binary pulse rate of the binary-coded signal and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit this signal.
m(t) 1 1
t (second)

6. The signal shown below is transmitted by binary PCM without compression. If the SQNR is required to be at least 47 dB, determine the minimum value of L required. Determine the SQNR obtained with this minimum L.

-1

7. The pulse rate in a delta modulation system is 56,000 per sec. The input signal is 5 cos (2 1000t) + 2 cos (2 2000t) V with t in seconds. Find the minimum step size which will avoid slope overload distortion. 8. A signal with a minimum frequency component of 3400 Hz is sampled. What must be the minimum sampling frequency to get a guard band of 1200 Hz? 9. Five telemetry signals, each of bandwidth 1 KHz, are to be transmitted simultaneously by PCM. The signals must be sampled at least 20% above the Nyquist rate. Determine the minimum possible data rate that must be transmitted and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit this signal. 10. Write short notes on: (a) Phase shift keying (PSK) (b) Frequency shift keying (FSK) (c) Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) (d) Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) UNIT 4 1. Explain the various line coding schemes used. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? 2. Explain polar pulse shaping and derive the expression for its PSD. How does the bandwidth required compare in this case with the theoretical minimum bandwidth? 3. Explain bipolar pulse shaping and derive the expression for its PSD. How does the bandwidth required compare in this case with the theoretical minimum bandwidth? 4. Explain on-off pulse shaping and derive the expression for its PSD. Howe does the bandwidth required compare in this case with the theoretical minimum bandwidth? 5. What are Nyquist criterion pulses? Discuss.

Akansha gautam 116161 electronics 3rd yr

6. What is roll-off factor? What is the roll-off factor of a raised cosine pulse? 7. Data at a rate of 6 kbit / s is to be transmitted over a leased line of bandwidth 4 KHz using Nyquist criterion pulses. Determine the maximum value of the roll-off factor r that can be used. 8. Describe the concept of Inter-symbol interference (ISI). What is its effect on data transmission? UNIT 5 1. Explain the working of Line of Slight Microwave Links with block diagram. 2. Explain the working of Satellite Communication system with block diagram of a single conversion satellite transponder. 3. What is meant by the footprint of a satellite? Explain. 4. Explain the development of satellite communication in India. 5. How is the orbit of a communicate satellite selected? Explain geostationary orbit. 6. Discuss the merits and demerits of satellite communication system. 7. Explain the concept of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). How does it compare with frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)? 8. Explain uplink and down link frequencies of a satellite.