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Power Control - WCDMA, HSPA

Topics I will discuss in this post is a follows.

z z z z z z z

Overview Specification and Parameters List of Channel Power that does not change dynamically R99 Downlink Power Control R99 Uplink Power Control Downlink Power Control in HSPA Uplink Power Control in HSPA

Overview

If you are totally new to this topic, I recommend you to read "Overview" section of LTE Power Control pag One thing I want to add in this section is that power of most of the channels changes very dynamically th the call setup and data communication. Following is one example showing the power of each of Uplink physical channels for HSUPA. Again this is example and detailed power profile would vary depending on data rate and parameter settings related to control. Focusing on the stage where packet communication occurs, you will see various physical channels and the power changes dynamically. This is the power changes for the communication using the network simulato RF connector (by RF cable), so the range of power change is not so huge but if you collect the same data network you would see more dynamic changes and if it is while you are moving around a cell, you would more dynamic changes.

The result shown above is shows the power changes of each channels along the timeline. There is anothe way of showing the power changes is to show the power in code domain as shown below.

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Before you jump into the detailed power control process, I would give you a list of questions to which you find answer (on your own -:) i) Why each of the channel power should changes like this ? ii) There are many channels, each of the channel power is controlled separately ? or there is a master (re channel) being directly controled and all the other channels changes according to the master channel ? iii) How often this kind of power control (power changes) happens ? (every 1 seconds? every 1 ms second frame ? every slot ?)

Specification and Parameters

If you pick up any books about mobile communication, there would be at least one section or chapter dea the power control process and in many cases you will see a lot of parameters (e.g, Beta c, Beta d, Beta h without being explained. In fact, it is not easy to explain those parameters in simple/clear way. So I woul you some reference points of those parameters which is critical to power control process. Whenever you come across any power control parameters from textbook or internet, you can use this sec quick reference for those parameters.

25.213 25.213 25.213 25.213

4.2.1.1 4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.2.2

DPCCH/DPDCH HS-DPCCH E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH PRACH message part

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Table Table Table Table

1B.2: Quantization for ed,k/c for E-TFCI E-TFCIec,boost 1B.2A: Quantization for E-DPDCH for E-TFCI > E-TFCIec,boost 1B.2B: Quantization for ed,k/ c for E-TFCI > E-TFCIec,boost 1B.3: HARQ offset harq

List of Channel Power that does not change

There are a set of channels, the power of which is normally fixed during the cell planning and does not ch dynamically. It means that these channels are not the target of power control, but I thought I'd better ma these because they are still a part of total channel power. Channel PCPICH (Primary Common Pilot Channel) P-SCH(Primary Sync Channel) S-SCH(Secondary Sync Channel) AICH (Aquisition Indicator Channel) PICH (Paging Indicator Channel) Main Function

Carries Common Pilot that all UE uses as a reference power of a c Carries the primary synchronization code Carries the secondary synchronization code Carries Paging Indicator

Carries the Aquisision Indicator which is a response for PRACH Pr

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P-CCPCH (Primary Common Control Physical Channel) S-CCPCH(Secondary Common Control Physical Channel)

Carries BCH (Broadcast Channel) data Carries FACH or PCH data

R99 Downlink Power Control

"Downlink Power Control" means "change of downlink power based on TPC command carried by uplink co channel(UL DPCCH)". Overall Procedure is as follows :

i) UE measures DL DPCCH SIR at each slot which is 10/15 ms, 0.667ms. ii) It compares the measured SIR with the specified SIR target. iii) If the measured SIR is greater than the target SIR, UE put the TPC command 0 into TPC field of UL DP tells Network to decrease the downlink power. iv) If the measured SIR is poorer than the target SIR, UE put the TPC command 1 into TPC field of UL DPC tells Network to increase the downlink power.

R99 Uplink Power Control

"Uplink Power Control" means "change of uplink power based on TPC command carried by downlink contr (DL DPCCH)". As you see in the figures below, both downlink DPCCH and uplink DPCCH slot has a special 'TPC (Transmission Power Control)' field. Since every slot has this field, you may easily infer that the power control in R99 would happen once in e (10/15 ms).

Overall Uplink Power control Procedure is as follows.

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i) Network detect and evaluate uplink transmission power at each slot. ii) Compare the measured power with the specified SIR target. iii) If the measured power is less than SIR target, Network put a "Power Up" command in TPC field on dow DPCCH and the measured power is much higher than SIR target, Network may put a "Power Down" comm TPC field. iv) UE decode the downlink DPCCH and figure out TPC field. v) UE increase it's transmission power if the TPC field has "Power Up" command and vice versa.

Quick question : Why UE have to send "Power Down" command when the measured power is too much b the target SIR ?

Uplink Power Control in HSPA

Uplink Power Control in HSUPA is very complicated because there are so many different physical channels into play. As you see in the following illustration, five different physical channels are working simultaneou side and we have to think of the power control of each of these channel. When we are talking about UE's power in HSUPA, it means all of these physical channel power summed together (= DPCCH + DPDCH + H E-DPCCH + E-DPDCH)

Overall UL power control logic is as follows (You may think that UL Power control of HSUPA is one of the m complicated process of any kind of power controls since too many factors are get involved):

i) DL (DPDCP+DPCCH) slot carries TPC bits (Power Control bits) to UE. ii) UE decode the TPC bits and changes it's UL DPCCH power accordingly. iii) UL DPDCH Power is adjusted accordingly based on UL DPCCH Power. (The mapping between this and real gain factor in physical layer are defined in 25.213 Table 1).

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iv) UL E-DPCCH Power is adjusted based on UL DPCCH Power. v) UL E-DPDCH Power is adjused based on UL E-DPCCH Power. (The offset between E-DPDCH and E defined by RRC message as follows).

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vi) Now the remaining channel is HS-DPCCH. This channel power is also determined based on UL DP according to following RRC Information elements.

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When on an HSPA connection, you must set UE Target Power as follows: UE Target Power = ( Desired Total UE Power ) - ( Power Change Due to HS-DPCCH, E-DPCCH and E Where Desired Total UE Power is the total output power level you desire from the UE, including DPCCH, DPDCH, E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH.

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