Background and Structure of RDA

Acknowledgments for this workshops materials

Screen images and RDA instructions from the RDA Toolkit (www.rdatoolkit.org) used by permission of the Co-Publishers for RDA (American Library Association, Canadian Library Association, and CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals)

What was wrong with AACR2?

Increasingly complex library resources Lack of logical structure

Mixing content and carrier data

Hierarchical relationships missing Anglo-American centric viewpoint

Written before FRBR

Not enough support for collocation Before Internet and well-formed metadata
Ann Chapman, UKOLN

1997 International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, Toronto, Canada: topics
Principles Content vs. carrier Logical structure Seriality Internationalization

Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA

American Library Association Australian Committee on Cataloguing British Library Canadian Cataloguing Committee CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals Library of Congress and in 2012: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek future: expand governance

Internet impact

Catalogs are no longer in isolation

Global access to data

Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment

Share data beyond institutions

Databases, Repositories
VIAF

Services

LCSH

Web front end

Internet Cloud
Power of Linked data
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Current Cataloging Environment

Web-based Wide range of information carriers with complexity of content

Metadata (bibliographic information)
Created by a wider range of personnel in and outside libraries Element-based metadata schemas

Dublin Core, ONIX, etc.

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Ann Chapman, UKOLN

AACR3
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JSC Collaborations with other Metadata Communities

IFLA - Principles, Conceptual models, ISBD/ISSN

ONIX (Publishers) types of content, media, carriers Dublin Core, IEEE/LOM, Semantic Web, W3C

Data Modeling Meeting - London 2007

RDA/MARC

Working Group (MARBI)

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Cataloging specialists: law, religion, music, etc. Archives and museums

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Goals: RDA will be

A new standard for resource description and access Designed for the digital world

Optimized for use as an online product Description and access of all resources
All types of content and media

Resulting records usable in the digital environment (Internet, Web OPACs, etc.)

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Goals of RDA

Rules should be easy to use and interpret

Be applicable to an online, networked environment

Provide effective bibliographic control for all types of media Encourage use beyond the library community Be compatible with other similar standards

Have a logical structure based on internationallyagreed principles Separate content and carrier data
Examples more of them, more appropriate

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Based on IFLAs international models and principles

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR; 1998) Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD; 2009) Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (ICP; 2009)

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ICP general principles

Convenience of user Consistency and Standardization Representation Integration Common usage Defensible, not Accuracy arbitrary Sufficiency and

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necessity Significance Economy

If contradict, take a
defensible, practical solution.

User tasks
FRBR: Find Identify Select Obtain FRAD: Find Identify Contextualize Justify

ICPs highest principle = convenience of the user

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FRBRs Entity-Relationship Model

Entities Relationships Attributes (data elements in RDA)

relationship

One Entity

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Another Entity

National level required elements

FRBRs Entity-Relationship Model

Person

created was created by

Shakespeare

Hamlet

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Work

FRBR entities
Group 1: Products of intellectual &
artistic endeavor = bibliographic resources

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Work Expression Manifestation Item

Work
is realized through

Inherent Group 1 relationships

Expression
is embodied in
----------------------------------------------------------

Manifestation
recursive one many

is exemplified by

Item

Work Expression

Relationships

Manifestation
Item Whole-Part

Inherent among the Group 1 entities Content relationships among works/expressions Structural relationships

Derivative

Sequential

Accompanying

James/Kuhagen for VLA- Feb. 5, 2013

Family of Works
Equivalent
Microform Reproduction Edition

Derivative
Free Translation
Summary Abstract Digest Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Change of Genre Parody Imitation Same Style or Thematic Content

Descriptive
Review Casebook Criticism

Simultaneous Publication
Copy Revision Exact Reproduction Translation Variations or Versions

Abridged Edition Illustrated Edition

Expurgated Edition Arrangement

Evaluation

Annotated Edition

Facsimile Reprint

Commentary

Slight Modification

Adaptation

Original Work -

Same Expression

Same Work New Expression

Cataloging Rules CutOff Point

New Work 22

Elements to Describe Resources

Work

Manifestation

ID Title Date etc.

Expression

ID Form Date Language etc.

ID Title Statement of responsibility Edition Imprint (place, publisher, date) Form/extent of carrier Terms of availability Mode of access etc.

Item

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ID Provenance Location etc.

FRBR and FRAD entities

Group 2: Those responsible for Group 1 entities or are the subject of works:
Persons
Families Corporate
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bodies

Group 2 responsibility

Intellectual or artistic creation (for Work)

Realization of work (for Expression) Production, publication, distribution, or manufacture (for Manifestation) Custodian (for Item)

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FRBR Entities
Group 3:Subjects of works
Groups

1 & 2 plus Concept Object Event Place

Subject
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relationship

FRBR seems new

But the concepts of the three groups are in our catalogs The concepts have not been clear in past cataloging rules

More clarity for catalogers, for designers of databases/catalogs, and for users

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British Museum 1841

ACOSTA (CHRISTOVAL).

(full and accurate book catalog)

Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. Tractado en loor de las mugeres. Venetia, 1592. 4o

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29

British Museum 1841

ACOSTA (CHRISTOVAL).

(full and accurate book catalog)

Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o Another copy. The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o Another copy. Tractado en loor de las mugeres. Venetia, 1592. 4o
Person Work Expression Manifestation Item
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Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. LCCN Permalink Type of Material Personal Name Main Title Published/Created Description : : : : : : : 47023612 http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide. [Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms
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Person
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.
LC Control No. LCCN Permalink Type of Material Personal Name Main Title Published/Created Description : : : : : : : 47023612 Work http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide. [Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. LCCN Permalink Type of Material Personal Name Main Title Published/Created Description : : : : : : : 47023612 Expression http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide. [Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. LCCN Permalink Type of Material Personal Name Main Title Published/Created Description : : : : : : : 47023612 Manifestation http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide. [Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. LCCN Permalink Type of Material Personal Name Main Title Published/Created Description : : : : : : : 47023612 http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide. [Paris] Gallimard [1946] Item 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Summary of differences
Based on principles Based on conceptual models Content, not encoding, standard More international Wider scope of resources Includes authority data Has controlled vocabularies Changes in instruction vocabulary Core elements

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RDA is a content standard

Not a display standard (as is AACR2)

Does have appendix D for ISBD and appendix E for AACR2 style for access points

Not an encoding standard

Use whatever schema you prefer (MARC 21, Dublin Core, etc.) Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative

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More international

Focus on local user needs Choice of agency preparing the description:

Language of additions to access points Language of supplied data Script and transliteration Calendar Numeric system

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For wider scope of resources

Response to whats being acquired in libraries

More elements for non-printed text resources More elements for non-text resources More elements for unpublished resources

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Includes authority data instructions

Based on attributes and relationships in FRAD

Authorized/variant access points and elements will for now continue to be documented in authority records

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Has controlled vocabularies

Only a few closed: content, media, and carrier types; mode of issuance; etc. Most are open: cataloger can supply term if needed term not in list

Vocabularies being registered on the Web (http://metadataregistry.org/rdabrowse.htm) -goal of multiple languages and/or scripts

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AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

heading author, composer, etc. main entry

authorized access point creator preferred title + authorized access point for creator if appropriate (1) preferred title (+ other information to differentiate); (2) conventional collective title

uniform title

AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

see reference see also reference physical description

variant access point authorized access point for related entity carrier description

AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

GMD

media type + carrier type + content type

preferred sources

chief source

Recording Carrier Type

Audio carriers audio cartridge audio cylinder audio disc audio roll audiocassette audiotape reel sound-track reel
Computer carriers computer card computer chip cartridge computer disc computer disc cartridge computer tape cartridge computer tape cassette computer tape reel online resource

Recording Carrier Type

Microform carriers aperture card microfiche microfiche cassette microfilm cartridge microfilm cassette microfilm reel microfilm roll microfilm slip microopaque
Projected image carriers film cartridge film cassette film reel film roll filmslip filmstrip filmstrip cartridge overhead transparency slide

Recording Carrier Type

Unmediated carriers card flipchart object roll sheet volume

Video carriers video cartridge videocassette videodisc videotape reel

RDA Structure
General introduction Identifying characteristics (entities and their elements)

Ch. 1-7: work, expression, manifestation, item Ch. 8-16: person, family, corporate body, place

Relationships: ch. 17-37 Appendices Glossary Index

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RDA structure

Not by class of materials: no separate chapters for books, printed music, etc.

Overarching principles applicable to all

Basic goals: identify and relate (from FRBR/FRAD user tasks and ICP)

Chapters: separate elements for goals

Assemble those elements when need authorized access points (instructions at end of chapters 6, 9-11)

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RDA not to be read linearly in Toolkit

Using the online RDA Toolkit:

Jumping in via keyword searches To elements from Table of Contents pane Following links Seeing some duplication of content (needed for context)

Can print chapters from Toolkit Printed text version of RDA is available Publishers considering Essential RDA

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Core elements in RDA

Based on attributes mandatory for a national level record in FRBR and FRAD Core elements listed as a group in RDA 0.6 and separately in appropriate chapters

Agency, consortium, etc., can add others

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Core-ness identified at element level in RDA

If always a core element (if applicable and available), label CORE ELEMENT appears below element name If use as a core element depends upon the situation, the label CORE ELEMENT is followed by an explanation of the situation

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Other choices in RDA

Alternatives and options marked in the RDA Toolkit with a green vertical line to left of text or instructions
agency preparing instructions

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U.S. cataloging policy

Policy statements by the Library of Congress and the participants in the Program for Cooperative Cataloging

Identified in the RDA Toolkit by the icon

Free access to these policy statements in the RDA Toolkit Some decisions still pending

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Examples: option and LC-PCC PS icons

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PCC Acceptable Headings Implementation Task Group

Phase 1: Mark records (with 667) that need evaluation or revision before use under RDA (summer 2012; completed) Phase 1.5: Deal with 700 fields for RDA added to AACR2 records Phase 2: Make mechanical changes where possible to recode to RDA (March 2013) Phase 3: No plan (yet) to change remaining acceptable AACR2 records (7.6 million 95%)

Programmatic Changes to Authority Records (LCNAF)

http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA% 20training%20materials/LC%20RDA% 20Training/Authorities%20Presentation s/RDA%20special%20topic_changes% 20to%20lc-naco%20file.ppt

Mappings, etc., for transition

RDA Appendix D mappings:

ISBD to RDA MARC 21 bibliographic format to RDA

RDA Appendix E:
Presentation and punctuation of access points MARC 21 authority format mapping to RDA

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Mappings (MARC/RDA) in the RDA Toolkit

Free on the Tools tab

1. This presentation is based on the powerpoint: Background and

Structure of RDA, presented by

Dr. Barbara B. Tillett at the RDA TRAIN THE TRAINORS WORKSHOP April 3-5, 2013. DLSU.
2. RDA Toolkit
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THANK YOU!!!! Susan O. Pador Head, Cataloging Section Rizal Library Ateneo de Manila University May 24, 2013
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