Coimisin na Scrduithe Stit

State Examinations Commission

Leaving Certificate 2011

Marking Scheme

Higher Level

APPLIED MATHEMATICS

Page 1





General Guidelines

1 Penalties of three types are applied to candidates' work as follows:

Slips - numerical slips S(-1)

Blunders - mathematical errors B(-3)

Misreading - if not serious M(-1)

Serious blunder or omission or misreading which oversimplifies:
- award the attempt mark only.

Attempt marks are awarded as follows: 5 (att 2).


2 The marking scheme shows one correct solution to each question.
In many cases there are other equally valid methods.

Page 2
1. (a) A particle is released from rest at A and falls vertically
passing two points B and C.

It reaches B after t seconds and takes
7
2t
seconds to
fall from B to C, a distance of 2.45 m.

Find the value of t.





t
t
t
t
t
g g gt

t
g h
ft ut s AC
gt h
ft ut s AB
s
8
7

49 64
49
162
1 2
49
81
0
7
9
0 45 . 2

0

2
2
2
2
2
1
4
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
=
=
= +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = +
|
.
|

\
|
+ = +
+ =
+ =
+ =




5




5



5






5
20
A
B
C
Page 3
1. (b) A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed v in t
1
seconds.
It continues at this constant speed for t seconds and then decelerates
uniformly to rest in t
2
seconds.
The average speed for the journey is
4
3v
.
(i) Draw a speed-time graph for the motion of the car.
(ii) Find t
1
+ t
2
in terms of t.
(iii) If a speed limit of
3
2v
were to be applied, find in terms of t the least
time the journey would have taken, assuming the same acceleration and
deceleration as in part (ii).


(i)






t t t
t t t t t t
t t t
t t t
t t t
v t tv v t v
t t t
v t tv v t
= +
+ + = + +
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+ +
=
2 1
2 1 2 1
2 1
2 2
1
1 2
1
2 1
2 2
1
1 2
1
2 1
2 2
1
1 2
1
2 4 2 3 3 3

4
3
4
3
speed average (ii)








( )
( )
t t t t t t
t t
t t t
t t t
t t t t
t t t t t t
v t v t v t v t tv v t
v
t
v
t
v
t v t tv v t
12
31
12
23
3
2
6 5 4
12
23
5
5 3
2
3
2
6 4
5 6 4
6 5 4 2 1
6 5 4 2 1
6 2
1
5 4 2
1
2 2
1
1 2
1
4 2 9
4 2 9
2 4 2 3 6 3
2 4 2 3 6 3
3
2
3
2
3
2
(iii)
= + = + +
=
+ =
= +
+ + =
+ + = + +
+ + = + +
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
= + +




5, 5





5




5





5







5
v
t
1
t
2
t
v
3
2
t
4
t
6
t
5

30
Page 4
2. (a) Two cars, A and B, travel along two straight roads
which intersect at an angle u where
3
4
tan = u .
Car A is moving towards the intersection at a
uniform speed of 5
1
s m

.
Car B is moving towards the intersection at a
uniform speed of 10
1
s m

.

At a certain instant each car is 100 m from
the intersection and approaching the intersection.

Find (i) the velocity of A relative to B
(ii) the shortest distance between the cars.



South 8 tan West direction
s m 65 magnitude
8

8 6
0 5 (i)
1
1
-
B A AB
B
A
j i
V V V
j i V
j i V
=
=
=
=
+ =
+ =

m 6 . 49
65
8
0 5
0sin 5 (ii)
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
= o BX








5
5


5
5










5






5
30
B
A
u
A B
X
50

Page 5
2 (b) A woman can row a boat at 4
1
s m

in still water.
She rows across a river 80 m wide.
The river flows at a constant speed of
1
s m .5 3

parallel to the straight banks.
She wishes to land between B and C.
The point B is directly across from the starting
point A and the point C is 3 20 m downstream from B.

If u is the direction she takes, find the range of values of u if she lands
between B and C.




=
=
8.955 2
4
5 . 3
os
u
u c













60 955 . 28
60
41 . 53 59 . 66 180
41 . 53
8029 . 0 sin
4
sin
5 . 3
sin
6.59 6
3 20
80
tan
s s
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
u
u
o
o
| o
|
|



5

5

















5













5
20
B
C B
u
4 80 m
A
u
4
3.5

C B
u
4
3.5

A
Page 6
3. (a) A particle is projected from a point P on horizontal ground.
The speed of projection is 35
1
s m

at an angle 2 tan
1
to the horizontal.
The particle strikes a target whose position vector relative to P is j i x

50 + .

Find (i) the value of x
(ii) a second angle of projection so that the particle strikes the
target.





50
0 2500 100
50
5 7
9 . 4
5 7
.
5
2
35
50 9 . 4 . sin 35
5 7
. 5cos 3 (i)
2
2
2
=
= +
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
x
x x
x x
t t
x
t
x t
o
o



( )
( )( )
=
=
=
= +
= +
= |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
6 . 71
3 tan
0 3 tan 2 tan
0 6 tan 5 tan
50 tan 1 10 tan 50
50
cos 7
10
9 . 4
cos 7
10
. sin 35
50 9 . 4 . sin 35
cos 7
10
50 . 5cos 3 (ii)
2
2
2
2
o
o
o o
o o
o o
o o
o
o
o
o
t t
t
t






5


5






5















5








5
25
Page 7
3 (b) A plane is inclined at an angle to the horizontal.
A particle is projected down the plane with initial speed
of 10
1
s m

at an angle 45 to the inclined plane.
The plane of projection is vertical and contains
the line of greatest slope.

The particle strikes the plane at Q with a
landing angle u where .
4
1
tan = u
(i) Find the value of o .
(ii) If the magnitude of the rebound velocity at Q is 33 5 , find the value of
e, the coefficient of restitution.



( ) ( )

2
1
2 5 2 20 33 5
2 5
2 20 (ii)
3 . 56 5 . 1 tan
tan 2 10 2 5
2 5
4
1

tan
2 5
cos
2 10
cos 45 sin 10
tan 2 10 2 5

cos
2 10
sin 45 cos 10

cos
2 10

cos 45 sin 10 0
0 (i)
2 2
2
2
1
=
+ =
=
=
= =
+
=

=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
=
=
=
e
e
e v
v

v
v

g
g v

g
g v
g
t
.t g .t
r
j
i
i
j
j
i
j
o o
o
u
o
o
o
o
o
o
o





5



5





5










5









5
25
Q
u
o
45
Page 8
4. (a) A block of mass 2 2 kg rests on a rough plane
inclined at 45 to the horizontal. It is connected
by a light inextensible string which passes over a
smooth, light, fixed pulley to a particle of
mass 4 kg which hangs freely under gravity.
The coefficient of friction between the block
and the plane is
4
1
.

Find the acceleration of the 4 kg mass.















( )
( )
( )
( )
2
4
1
s m 15 . 2
2 2 4 2
3
2 2 4
2
3
2 2 4
2
1
2 4
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
4 4

=
+
=
+ =
+ =
=
=
=
f
g
f
f
g
f g g g
f g g T
f R g T
f T g

5








5


5












5
20
4
45
2 2
4g
R
T
T
2g
2g
R
Page 9

4 (b) A smooth pulley, of mass 2 kg, is connected by
a light inextensible string passing over a smooth
light fixed pulley to a smooth pulley of mass 5 kg.
Two particles of masses 1 kg and 3 kg are connected
by a light inextensible string passing over the 2 kg
pulley.
Two particles of masses 4 kg and 6 kg are connected
by a light inextensible string passing over the 5 kg
pulley.
Find the tension in each string,
when the system is released from rest.















( )
( )
( )
( )
N 24
N 9 . 21
N 73
s m 8 . 4
7 3
4
6 6
2
5
24 24
2
7 3 2 2 5 5 2
2 2 2
6 4 6
3 3
24 5 24 4 4
6 6
3
2
1
2
2 3 1 3
2 1
2 2
2
3 3
3
=
=
=
=
= +
)
`

)
`

= + = +
=
= + =
=
= =
+ =

T
T
T
a
a g
a g a g
a g T T a T g T
a g T T
a T g a b g T
a b T g
a T g a c g T
a c T g



5












5

5

5



5








5
30
1
2
3
4 6
5
3g
4g 6g
T
2

T
3

T
1

T
1

g
5g
2g
Page 10
5. (a) A smooth sphere P, of mass 2m kg, moving with speed u
1
s m

collides
directly with a smooth sphere Q, of mass 3m kg, moving in the opposite
direction with speed u
1
s m

.
The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is e and 1 0 < < e .

(i) Show that P will rebound for all values of e.

(ii) For what range of values of e will Q rebound?





( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
4
1



4
1
1 4
0
5
4 1
(ii)
1 0 , 0
5
6 1


5
4 1


5
6 1


NEL
3 2 3 2 PCM (i)
2
1
2
1
2 1
2 1
< <
>
>
>
+
=
< < <
+
=
+
=
+
=
+ =
+ = +
e
e
e
e u
v
e e
e u
v
e u
v
e u
v
u u e v v
mv mv u) m( u m



25

5


5




5





5










5
Page 11
5 (b) A smooth sphere A, of mass m, moving with
speed u, collides with an identical smooth
sphere B which is at rest.
The direction of motion of A before and
after impact makes angles and
respectively with the line of centres
at the instant of impact.

The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is e.

(i) If | o tan tan k = , find k, in terms of e.
(ii) If the magnitude of the impulse imparted to each sphere due to the
collision is o cos
8
7
mu , find the value of e.


( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
4
3
1 cos
2
1
cos
8
7
0 (ii)
2
1
2 1
1
tan 2
tan
1
tan 2
1 cos
sin 2

sin
tan
2
1 cos


2
1 cos

0 cos NEL
0 cos PCM (i)
2
1
2
1
2 1
2 1
=
+ =
=

=
=

=

=

=
=
+
=

=
=
+ = +
e
e mu mu
m mv I
e
k
k e
e
k
e
e u
u
v
u
e u
v
e u
v
u e v v
mv mv m u m

o o
|
|
o
o
o
o
|
o
o
o
o



5
5



5
















5






5
25
|
o
B A
Page 12
6. (a) The distance, x, of a particle from a fixed point, O, is given by
( ) c e + = t a x sin
where constants. positive are and , c e a

(i) Show that the motion of the particle is simple harmonic.

A particle moving with simple harmonic motion starts from a point 1 m from the
centre of the motion with a speed of 9.6
1
s m

and an acceleration of 16
2
s m

.

(ii) Calculate . and , c e a




( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
m 6 . 2
395 . 0 sin
1
rad 395 . 0
12
5
tan
4 . 2
1
cos
sin
sin 1
sin
4 . 2 cos
cos 4 a 9.6
cos
s rad 4
1 16
(ii)
sin
cos
sin (i)
1
2
2
2
2
= =
= =
=
=
+ =
=
=
+ =
=
=
=
=
+ =
+ =
+ =

a
a
a
a
t a x
a
t a x
x x
x
t a x
t a x
t a x
c c
c
c
c
c e
c
c
c e e
e
e
e
e
c e e
c e e
c e

5




5




5










5



5
25
Page 13
6 (b) A and B are two fixed pegs.
A is 4 m vertically above B.
A mass m kg, connected to A and B by two light
inextensible strings of equal length, , is describing
a horizontal circle with uniform angular velocity e.

Find the value of e if the ratio of the tensions in
the two strings is 11: 9.














( )
1
2
4
9
2
20
9
4
9
2
2
1
2 2 9
11
2
1
2 1
2 1
2
20
9
2
2
2 2 9
11
2
2 1
2
2 1
s rad 7
49
cos
cos cos
sin sin sin

=
=
=
=
=
= =
=
=
= +
= +
= +
e
e
e
o
o o
e
e
e
e o o o

mg m
mg T
mg T T
mg
mg
T T
mg T T
m T
m T T
m T T
m T T


25

5




5






5



5





5
4 m
A
B
-
A
B
-

T
1

T
2

mg
Page 14
7. (a) A particle of mass 24 kg is attached to two
light elastic strings, each of natural length
33 cm and elastic constant k.

The other ends of the strings are attached to two
points on the same horizontal level 64 cm apart.

Each string makes an angle o with the
horizontal, where
4
3
tan = o .
(i) Show that the extension of each string is 7 cm.
(ii) Find the value of k.
















1
m N 2800
) 07 . 0 ( 20
20
24
5
3
2
24 sin 2 (ii)
cm 7
33
32
5
4
33
32
os (i)

=
=
=
=
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
+
=
+
=
k
k g
kx T
g T
g T
g T
x
x
x
c
o
o





25

5


5


5



5





5
o o
-

24 kg
o

o
-
24g
T T
Page 15

7. (b) A uniform rod BC, of length 2p and weight W,
rests in equilibrium with B in contact with a
rough vertical wall.
One end of a light inextensible string is fixed
to a point A on the wall vertically above B, the
other end is attached to C.

The coefficient of friction between the rod
and the wall is .

If BCA CAB = Z = Z , prove that u tan > .















( ) ( )
( ) ( )
u
u
u u u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u u
u
u
u
u u u
u u
tan
tan
tan sin sin
cos
cos 1
cos
cos
1
sin
cos
cos sin
cos
sin
cos
cos sin 2 2 sin
2 sin 2 sin
2
>
=
=

= =
= +
= +
=
=
=
=
T
T T
W T R
T R
W T
p W p T
p W p T






5


5

5




5





5
25
u
u
A
B
C
u
u
A
B
C
R T
R
W
Page 16


8. (a) Prove that the moment of inertia of a uniform square lamina of mass m and
side 2 about an axis through its centre parallel to one of its sides is
2
3
1
m .




{ }
{ }
2
3
1
4
3


2
2

3
M 4
3
M 2
d M 2 lamina the of inertia of moment
d 2 M element the of inertia of moment
d 2 M element of mass
area unit per mass M Let

m
x
x x
x x
x
-
=
=
(

=
=
=
=
=

}










5


5



5






5 20
Page 17
8. (b) A square lamina PQRS, of side 60 cm and mass m,
can turn freely about a horizontal axis through P
perpendicular to the plane of the lamina.
The lamina is released from rest when PS is horizontal.
(i) Find the angular velocity of the lamina when PR is vertical.

A mass m is attached to the lamina at R. The compound pendulum is set in
motion.
(ii) Find the period of small oscillations of the compound pendulum and hence,
or otherwise, find the length of the equivalent simple pendulum.








( ) ( ) { } ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
m 75 . 0
2 9 . 0
96 . 0
2 9 . 0
96 . 0
2 2
s 74 . 1
2 9 . 0
96 . 0
2
2
2 9 . 0
2 6 . 0 2 3 . 0
96 . 0
2 6 . 0 3 . 0 (ii)
s rad 19 . 3
1482 . 10
4 . 0
1 2
3 . 0 2 3 . 0 3 . 0 3 . 0
PE in Loss KE in Gain (i)
2
2
3
8
1
2
2 2
3
4
2
3
4
2
1
2
2
1
= =
=
=
=
=
=
+ =
=
+ =
=
=

=
= +
=
=

L
g
g
L
mg
m
Mgh
I
T
mg
mg mg Mgh
m
m m I
g
mg m m
mgh I
t t
t
t
e
e
e
e



30



5, 5




5





5












5





5
P
Q
S

R
P
Q
S

R
Page 18
9. (a) A U-tube of cross-sectional area of 0.15 cm
2
contains oil of relative density 0.8.

The surface of the oil is 12 cm from the top of both branches of the U-tube.

What volume of water can be poured into one of the branches before the oil
overflows in the other branch?














( )
( )
3 6
4
m 10 88 . 2
10 15 . 0 192 . 0
Volume
m 192 . 0
24 . 0 800 1000

=
=
=
=
=
A h
h
g gh






5


5




5


5
20
0.24
h
Page 19
9 (b) A uniform solid cylinder floats upright with
3
1
of its axis immersed when
placed in liquid A.
When placed in liquid B, the uniform solid cylinder floats upright with
5
3
of its
axis immersed.

What fraction of the cylinders axis is immersed when the cylinder floats upright
in a uniform mixture of equal volumes of the two liquids?




( )
7
3
3
2
2
B A
B
3
A
2
3
14
2
3
5
1
3
5
5
3
3
1
=
=
= +
= +
= +
=
=
= +
=
=
=
=
=
=
y
s s
s s s
s s s
V s V s V s
s s
W
s
yWs
W B
s s
W
s
Ws
W B
s s
W
s
Ws
W B
y
y
M B A
M B A
y M
M
M
B
B
B
A
A
A



30




5





5







5



5


5


5
Page 20
10. (a) If
y xy
dx
dy
x 7
2
=


and 1 = y when 1 = x , find the value of y when 2 = x .




( )
23 . 66
1931 . 4
7
2
7
2 ln ln
7
7
ln ln
7
1 , 1
7
ln ln

7 1

1

7

1
7
7
1931 . 4
2
2
2
2
= =
=
+ =
+ =
=
= =
+ =
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
+
=
+
=
+ =
} }
} }
e y
y

x
x y
C
x y
C
x
x y
dx
x x
dy
y
dx
x
x
dy
y
x
x y
dx
dy
y xy
dx
dy
x









5




5




5







5 20
Page 21

10 (b) A particle travelling in a straight line has a deceleration of
2
2
s m 16
400

+
v

where v is its speed at any time t.

If its initial speed is 40
1
s m

, find

(i) the distance travelled before it comes to rest
(ii) the average speed of the particle during the motion.



( ) | |
1
1

0
0
40
1
80
1

0
2 2
0
40
2 2
2
2 2
2
1

0
0
40
2 2
2
1

0
2 2
0
40
2 2
2
s m 24 . 19
2.32
44.63
speed average

32 . 2
2
1
tan 5
400

80
tan

400
1
80
1

400
80
(ii)
m 63 . 44
4
5
ln 200
400

80
80 40
ln
400
80 ln

400
1
80
400
80
16
400
(i)

= =
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
(

=
(

|
.
|

\
|
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
| +
=
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
| +
(

= +
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
| +
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
} }
} }

t
t v
dt dv
v
v

dt
dv
x
x
x
x
v
dx dv
v
v
v

v

dx
dv
v
t
t
x
x








5


5






5








5




5


5
30
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