QTP questions 1)What is the command in QTP to invoke IE Brow?

InvokeApplication "The path of the browser EXE file" The following e a!ple uses the InvokeApplication function to open Internet E plorer" InvokeApplication "E#$Progra! %iles$Plus&$'icrosoft Internet$IEXP()*E"EXE"

difference between quick test proffesional version 6 ! and "#

+) These are the new features which are available in QTP,"+ an- which are not present in ."/ version" 0e1wor- 2iew# (ets 1ou easil1 buil- an- !aintain tests without writing234cripts" Auto56ocu!entation# Provi-es i!prove- test clarit1 an- the abilit1 to view test steps in plain English" 4tep 7enerator# Allows

$ow would u manipulate the script so that when the test is run it takes a new lo%in name?
8) 9ou can para!eteri:e the values in the 7obal -ata table sheet; whatever the nu!ber of rows 1ou enter in this -ata table will instruct QuickTest to run sa!e nu!ber of new login na!e 1ou<ve enter" =) $ow can i add a action &e'ternal action( pro%ramaticall)? 9ou can a-- an e ternal Action progra!aticall1 using the >o!!an-*unAction Action?a!e; @Iteration'o-e ; Iteration*angeA3efore 1ou can use the *unAction state!ent in the E pert 2iew for an e ternal action; 1ou !ust first call or cop1 the e ternal action into 1our test b1 choosing Insert B >op1

$ow can i call a e'ternal action which is not added e'ternal action of an action *eans I want to call
/) 9es u can -o it b1 cop1ing the Action c to Action A"""In QTP ,"+ there is an !enu calle- insert5 >op1 of Action""" .) what is meant b) +,-./E /,0T.,1 It is use- to hol- all the buli-s of -iff versions

C) how and what kind of 2b functions do u use in qtp? 9ou can use The following functions Asc %unction;>3ool %unction;>31te %unction;>>ur %unction;>6ate %unction;>6bl %unction >hr %unction;>Int %unction;>(ng %unction;>4ng %unction;>4tr %unction;De %unction; )ct %unction;etc

how can u describe the basic flow of automation with conditional and pro%ramatic
,)

I think ur Question is E ecuting of operators flow in the auto!ation co-e if the question is that then !1 answer is EEE%or e a!ple# : E C, F GH. I 8 I =/)There are five operators in this e pression# E; F; G); I; an- another I" Accor-ing to the rules of operator prece-ence; the1 are evaluate-

$,W /30 I I*P1E*E0T E..,. $3041I05 I0 QTP6I 70,W WIT$ .E/,2E.8 *3035E. B-T $,W P19 5I2E *E 4ET3I1E4 T,
H) J can -o it thru *ecover1 'anager""Eg"""4uppose there is an E-it bo calle- Jna!e n PK6"""Lust t1pe in una!e n -on<t enter in PK6""It -ispla1s a pop up !sg calle- pl:;;enter PK6"""Then stop recor-ing""7oto *ecover1 '7* an- call P)PJP e ception han-ling"M""M 1N) $ow to recall a function in QTP There also u follow the sa!e proce-ure" 4ee the sa!ple co-e%unction a--itionG ;1) !sgbo :En- %unction>all a--itionG1;+)>all a--itionG+;+)I think i a! clear #) 11) 5ive one e'ample where Khile vali-ating <6ate for!at< " 1+) "

:E I1

)ou have used .e%ular E'pression?

If )ou have the same application screen with : drop down bo'es and appro'imatel) :; values how do )ou
*ecor- the C test obOects G-rop-own bo s) an- there will be !an1 CN properties G an- their associate- bvalues) 6rop 6own 3o 1

When there is a task that %ets repeated in multiple scripts6 what do )ou do in QTP?
18) 4plit the action relate- to that task; !ake it *eusable P then call that Action as !an1 ti!es as nee-e-"

what is the descrirptive pro%rmain%? what is the use of descriptive pro%ramin%?

1=) 6escriptive progra!!ing is use- to i-entif1 the obOects that are notMcannot be storein the obOect repositor1" 6escriptive progra!!ing can be i!ple!ente- b1 creating an- using a 6escription obOect"

$ow to instruct QTP to displa) errors and ther description in the test results instead of haltin% e'ecution
1/) 'ake use of *eporter"*eportevent eg"varEstate!entif varE"True" Then*eporter"*eportevent N;"4tep ?a!e";"6escription of the Passestep"else*eporter"*eportevent 1;"4tep ?a!e";"6escription for the faile- step"En- IfI hope thats it #) 1.) $ow to add run<time parameter to a datasheet? Tr1 using this line of co-e"6ataTableG">ol ?a!e";-t7lobal4heetM(ocal4heet)E">ol 2alue"The onl1 -isa-vantage with tihs co-e is; u will be able to see the para!eter till the script is running; once stoppe- the para!eter will vanish fro! the -ata table"

how to load the = vbs or test %eneratin% script in a new machine?

1C) E ecute %ile state!ent can be inclu-e- as part of the test script inor-er to e ecute the vbs files" 1,)

how can u write a script without usin% a 5-I in QTP?

7JI in QtpQ-o 1ou !ean to sa1 )bOect repositor1Qwithout )*;tester nee- to write -escriptive tests;where 1ou woul- -irectl1 assign propert1 values an- write !etho-s"1ou -o not nee- to save )*"

if a error occur durin% the e'cution of QTP script how can we %et the name of the current ob>ect that
1H) Jse Err"-escriptionE a!ple" !sgbo "Error#"Perr"-escription +N) how to fetch test data from 4atabase b) usin% QTP? In or-er to fetch test -ata fro! 6atabase we have to create a a-ob-b connection obOect to connect with -ata base" the s1nta is """" B>reate)bOectG"A-o-b"connection")" +1) how to handle >ava tree in QTP Di; first of all we nee- to have a Oava a--5in to han-le a Oava tree"In tools option we have the "obOect i-entification" -rop -own list"There we have the Oava option to recognise the obOects there select the tree option"A-- the properties to be recognise-"Then the QTP will start

how man) t)pes of recordin% modes in QTP?describe each t)pe with an e'ample where we use them?
++) 8 t1pes of recor-ing !o-es in QTP"1"nor!a +"analog !o-e 8"low level recor-ing !o-e"pls -escribe where we use the! e actl1""

What is the file e'tension of the code file ? ob>ect repositor) file in QTP?
+8) " T4*

I want to open a 0otepad window without recordin% a test and I do not want to use +)stem-til .un command
+=) Another alternative to open a notepa- is to use 4hell)bOect" >heck out with the following e a!ple#6i! a4et a E K4cript">reate)bOect G"K4>ript"shell") a"run "notepa-"e e" +/) how can u write a script without usin% a 5-I in QTP? 7JI in QtpQ-o 1ou !ean to sa1 )bOect repositor1Qwithout )*;tester nee- to write -escriptive tests;where 1ou woul- -irectl1 assign propert1 values an- write !etho-s"1ou -o not nee- to save )*" +.) $ow man) t)pes of 3ctions are there in QTP? In qtp 8 t1pes of action r there 1)re5usable+)no5reusable8)?este-

$ow to do the scriptin% Is there an) inbuilt functions in QTP as in QTP<+ What @ the difference
+C) 9es; there<s an in5built functionalit1 calle- "4tep 7enerator" in Insert5B4tep5B4tep 7enerator 5%C; which will generate the scripts as u enter the appropriate steps"

E'plain the concept of ob>ect repositor) ? how QTP reco%nises ob>ects?

+,) with QTP ,"+ ;there available QTP Plus;setup"It provi-es *epositories 'erge Jtilit1"The )bOect *epositor1 'erge Jtilit1 enables user to !erge )bOect repositor1 files into a single )bOect repositor1 file"

IA we use batch testin% the result shown for last action onl) in that how can i %et result for ever)
+H) u can click on the icon in the tree view to view the result of ever1 action 8N) $ow to handle d)namic ob>ects in QTP? Jsing 7ET*) Propert1 we will han-le the runti!e obOects"

$ow to handle the e'ceptions usin% recover) secnario mana%er in Qtp?

81)

There are = trigger events -uring which a recover1 scenario shoul- be activate-" The1 are A pop up win-ow appears in an opene- application -uring the test run" A propert1 of an obOect changes its state or value" A step in the test -oes not run successfull1" An open application fails

What are the Aeatures ? Benefits of Quick Test Pro&QTP( ?

8+) )perates stan-5alone; or integrate- into 'ercur1 3usiness Process Testing an'ercur1 Qualit1 >enter" Intro-uces ne t5generation R:ero5configurationS 0e1wor6riven testing technolog1 in QuickTest Professional ,"N T allowing for fast test creation; easier !aintenance; an- !ore powerful -ata5-riving capabilit1

What is a .un<Time 4ata Table? Where can I find and view this table?
88) The test results tree also inclu-es the table5shape- icon that -ispla1s the run5ti!e 6ata TableTa table that shows the values use- to run a test containing 6ata Table para!eters or the 6ata Table output values retrieve- fro! a test while application test run"

What are the different scriptin% lan%ua%es )ou could use when workin% with QTP ?
8=) This will also support Oava script; but i hve not tries refer Quick test plus help for each function the1 have give co-e in vbs an- Os" 8/) $ow the e'ception handlin% can be done usin% QTP *ecover1 scenario !anager provi-es a wi:ar- that gui-es 1ou through the -efining recover1 scenario" *ecover1 scenario has three steps 1" Triggere- Events +" *ecover1 steps 8" Post *ecover1 Test5*un

What is the difference between check point and output value

8.) a--itional co!!ent on Above co!!ent#An output value is a value retrieve- -uring the runsession an- entere- into runti!e table or -ata table subsequentl1 it can be use- as input value in 1our test"

What are the properties )ou would use for identif)in% a browser ? pa%e when usin% descriptive pro%rammin%
8C) (ogical ?a!e of 3rowser(ogical ?a!e of Pagee"g" 3rowserG"!13rowser")"PageG"!1Page")

What pro>ects have )ou used Win.unner on? Tell me about some of the challen%es that arose and how )ou
8,) pbs #K* fails to i-entif1 the obOect in gui" If there is a non st- win-ow obk wr cannot recogni:e it ;we use 7JI 4P9 for that to han-le such situation 8H) 4ifferentiate the two ,b>ect .epositor) T)pes of QTP In Qtp there are + obOect repositories; the1 are1"4hare- )bOect *epositor1+"Per Action 'o-e;b1 -efault it<s per action !o-e"we will use share- )* for calling a particular action;it<s like calling e ternal libraries"we will use per action for a particular action ie; for one action onl1" =N) E'plain the concept of how QTP identifies ob>ect 6uring recor-ing qtp looks at the obOect an- stores it as test obOect"%or each test obOect QT learns a set of -efault properties calle- !an-ator1 properties;an- look at the rest of the obOects to check whether this properties are enough to uniquel1 i-entif1 the obOect" 6uring test run;QT

What is the difference between /all to 3ction and /op) 3ction ?

=1)

when u insert a call to action;the1 r rea- onl1 in the calling test"It can be !o-ifie- in the original test"where as co!e to cop1 action;1ou can !ake changes to the copieaction;1our changes will not effect the original action where it create-"

have )ou ever written a compiled module? If )es tell me about some of the functions that )ou wrote
=+) I Jse- the functions for >apturing the -1na!ic -ata -uring runti!e" %unction use- for >apturing 6esktop; browser an- pages"

E'plain what the difference between +hared .epositor) and PerB3ction .epositor)
=8) In 4hare- reporsitor1; one obOect is use- in !ore than one actions an- in per action reporsitor1; ever1ti!e in ever1 action; obOects are store- -ifferentl1 an- are not share-" ==) 4iscuss QTP Environment QuickTest Pro environ!ent using the graphical interface an- Active4creen technologies 5 A testing process for creating test scripts; relating !anual test require!ents to auto!ate- verification features 5 6ata -riving to use several sets of -ata using one test script"

What the differences are and best practical application of each

=/) Per Action# %or Each Action; one )bOect *epositor1 is create-" 4hare- # )ne )bOect *epositor1 is use- b1 entire application

Aew basic questions on commonl) used E'cel 2B3 functions

=.) >o!!on functions are# >oloring the cell Auto fit cell setting navigation fro! link in one cell to other saving

Aew basic questions on commonl) used E'cel 2B3 functions

=C) >o!!on functions are# >oloring the cell Auto fit cell setting navigation fro! link in one cell to other saving =,) E'plain the ke)word create ob>ect with an e'ample >reateobOect#>reates an- returns a reference to an Auto!ation obOect"E a!ple#6i! E cel4heet4et E cel4heet E >reate )bOectG"E cel" 4heet")

5ive me an e'ample where )ou have used a /,* interface in )our QTP pro>ect?
=H) co! inteface appears in the scenario of front en- an- back en-"for eg#if 1ou r using oracle as back en- an- front en- as 23 or an1 language then for better co!patibilit1 we will go for an interface" of which >)' will be one a!ong those intefaces" /N) what is the use of Te't output value in Qtp? Answer poste- b1 shreethik on +NN/5N.5NH N,#8.#8,# )utput values enable to view the values that the application takes -uring run ti!e" Khen para!eteri:e-; the values change for each iteration" Thus b1 creating output values; we can capture the values that the application takes for each run an- output

Where can I %et Quck Test pro&QTP Pro( software This is Cust for Information purpose ,nl)
/1) Intro-uction to QuickTest Professional ,"N; >o!puter 3ase- Training# Please fin- the step to get QuickTest Professional ,"N >3T 4tep b1 4tep Tutorial an- Evaluation cop1 of the software" The full >3T is 1.+ '3" 9ou will have to create account to be able to -ownloa- evaluation copies of >3T an- 4oftware">lick

What is load testing? - Load testing is to test that if the application works fine with the loads that result from large number of simultaneous users, transactions and to determine weather it can handle peak usage periods. 2. What is Performance testing? - Timing for both read and update transactions should be gathered to determine whether system functions are being performed in an acceptable timeframe. This should be done standalone and then in a multi user environment to determine the effect of multiple transactions on the timing of a single transaction. 3. Did u use LoadRunner? What version? - Yes. Version 7. . 4. Explain the Load testing process? Step 1: Planning the test !ere, we develop a clearly defined test plan to ensure the test scenarios we develop will accomplish load-testing ob"ectives. Step !: "reating #users !ere, we create Vuser scripts that contain tasks performed by each Vuser, tasks performed by Vusers as a whole, and tasks measured as transactions. Step $: "reating the scenario # scenario describes the events that occur during a testing session. $t includes a list of machines, scripts, and Vusers that run during the scenario. %e create scenarios using Load&unner 'ontroller. %e can create manual scenarios as well as goal-oriented scenarios. $n manual scenarios, we define the number of Vusers, the load generator machines, and percentage of Vusers to be assigned to each script. (or web tests, we may create a goal-oriented scenario where we define the goal that our test has to achieve. Load&unner automatically builds a scenario for us. Step %: Running the scenario %e emulate load on the server by instructing multiple Vusers to perform tasks simultaneously. )efore the testing, we set the scenario configuration and scheduling. %e can run the entire scenario, Vuser groups, or individual Vusers. Step &: 'onitoring the scenario %e monitor scenario e*ecution using the Load&unner online runtime, transaction, system resource, %eb resource, %eb server resource, %eb application server resource, database server resource, network delay, streaming media resource, firewall server resource, +&, server resource, and -ava performance monitors. Step (: )nal*+ing test results .uring scenario e*ecution, Load&unner records the performance of the application under different loads. %e use Load&unner/s graphs and reports to analy0e the application/s performance. 5. When do *ou do load and performance ,esting? - %e perform load testing once we are done with interface 123$4 testing. 5odern system architectures are large and comple*. %hereas single user testing primarily on functionality and user interface of a system component, application testing focuses on performance and reliability of an entire system. (or e*ample, a typical application-testing scenario might depict 6777 users logging in simultaneously to a system. This gives rise to issues such as what is the response time of the system, does it crash, will it go with different software applications and platforms, can it hold so many hundreds and thousands of users, etc. This is when we set do load and performance testing.
1.

What are the components of LoadRunner? - The components of Load&unner are The Virtual 3ser 2enerator, 'ontroller, and the #gent process, Load&unner #nalysis and 5onitoring, Load&unner )ooks 8nline. 7. What "omponent of LoadRunner -ould *ou use to record a Script? - The Virtual 3ser 2enerator 1Vu2en4 component is used to record a script. $t enables you to develop Vuser scripts for a variety of application types and communication protocols. 8. What "omponent of LoadRunner -ould *ou use to pla* .ac/ the script in multi user mode? - The 'ontroller component is used to playback the script in multi-user mode. This is done during a scenario run where a vuser script is e*ecuted by a number of vusers in a group. 9. What is a rende+vous point? - You insert rende0vous points into Vuser scripts to emulate heavy user load on the server. &ende0vous points instruct Vusers to wait during test e*ecution for multiple Vusers to arrive at a certain point, in order that they may simultaneously perform a task. (or e*ample, to emulate peak load on the bank server, you can insert a rende0vous point instructing 677 Vusers to deposit cash into their accounts at the same time. 10. What is a scenario? - # scenario defines the events that occur during each testing session. (or e*ample, a scenario defines and controls the number of users to emulate, the actions to be performed, and the machines on which the virtual users run their emulations. 11. Explain the recording mode for -e0 #user script? - %e use Vu2en to develop a Vuser script by recording a user performing typical business processes on a client application. Vu2en creates the script by recording the activity between the client and the server. (or e*ample, in web based applications, Vu2en monitors the client end of the database and traces all the re9uests sent to, and received from, the database server. %e use Vu2en to: 5onitor the communication between the application and the server; 2enerate the re9uired function calls; and $nsert the generated function calls into a Vuser script. 12. Wh* do *ou create parameters? - ,arameters are like script variables. They are used to vary input to the server and to emulate real users. .ifferent sets of data are sent to the server each time the script is run. )etter simulate the usage model for more accurate testing from the 'ontroller; one script can emulate many different users on the system. 13. What is correlation? Explain the difference 0et-een automatic correlation and manual correlation? - 'orrelation is used to obtain data which are uni9ue for each run of the script and which are generated by nested 9ueries. 'orrelation provides the value to avoid errors arising out of duplicate values and also optimi0ing the code 1to avoid nested 9ueries4. #utomatic correlation is where we set some rules for correlation. $t can be application server specific. !ere values are replaced by data which are created by these rules. $n manual correlation, the value we want to correlate is scanned and create correlation is used to correlate.
6.

14. 1o-

do *ou find out -here correlation is re2uired? 3ive fe- examples from *our pro4ects? - Two ways: (irst we can scan for correlations, and see the list of values which can be correlated. (rom this we can pick a value to be correlated. <econdly, we can record two scripts and compare them. %e can look up the difference file to see for the values which needed to be correlated. $n my pro"ect, there was a uni9ue id developed for each customer, it was nothing but $nsurance =umber, it was generated automatically and it was se9uential and this value was uni9ue. $ had to correlate this value, in order to avoid errors while running my script. $ did using scan for correlation. 15. Where do *ou set automatic correlation options? - #utomatic correlation from web point of view can be set in recording options and correlation tab. !ere we can enable correlation for the entire script and choose either issue online messages or offline actions, where we can define rules for that correlation. #utomatic correlation for database can be done using show output window and scan for correlation and picking the correlate 9uery tab and choose which 9uery value we want to correlate. $f we know the specific value to be correlated, we "ust do create correlation for the value and specify how the value to be created. 16. What is a function to capture d*namic values in the -e0 #user script? %eb>reg>save>param function saves dynamic data information to a parameter. 17. When do *ou disa0le log in #irtual 5ser 3enerator6 When do *ou choose standard and extended logs? - 8nce we debug our script and verify that it is functional, we can enable logging for errors only. %hen we add a script to a scenario, logging is automatically disabled. <tandard Log 8ption: %hen you select <tandard log, it creates a standard log of functions and messages sent during script e*ecution to use for debugging. .isable this option for large load testing scenarios. %hen you copy a script to a scenario, logging is automatically disabled +*tended Log 8ption: <elect e*tended log to create an e*tended log, including warnings and other messages. .isable this option for large load testing scenarios. %hen you copy a script to a scenario, logging is automatically disabled. %e can specify which additional information should be added to the e*tended log using the +*tended log options. 18. 1o- do *ou de0ug a LoadRunner script? - Vu2en contains two options to help debug Vuser scripts-the &un <tep by <tep command and breakpoints. The .ebug settings in the 8ptions dialog bo* allow us to determine the e*tent of the trace to be performed during scenario e*ecution. The debug information is written to the 8utput window. %e can manually set the message class within your script using the lr>set>debug>message function. This is useful if we want to receive debug information about a small section of the script only. 19. 1o- do *ou -rite user defined functions in LR? 3ive me fe- functions *ou -rote in *our previous pro4ect? - )efore we create the 3ser .efined functions we need to create the e*ternal

library 1.LL4 with the function. %e add this library to Vu2en bin directory. 8nce the library is added then we assign user defined function as a parameter. The function should have the following format: >>declspec 1dlle*port4 char? @function nameA1char?, char?4+*amples of user defined functions are as follows:2etVersion, 2et'urrentTime, 2et,ltform are some of the user defined functions used in my earlier pro"ect. 20. What are the changes *ou can ma/e in run-time settings? - The &un Time <ettings that we make are: a4 Pacing - $t has iteration count. b4 Log - 3nder this we have .isable Logging <tandard Log and c4 Extended ,hin/ ,ime - $n think time we have two options like $gnore think time and &eplay think time. d4 3eneral - 3nder general tab we can set the vusers as process or as multithreading and whether each step as a transaction. 21. Where do *ou set 7teration for #user testing? - %e set $terations in the &un Time <ettings of the Vu2en. The navigation for this is &un time settings, ,acing tab, set number of iterations. 22. 1o- do *ou perform functional testing under load? - (unctionality under load can be tested by running several Vusers concurrently. )y increasing the amount of Vusers, we can determine how much load the server can sustain. 23. What is Ramp up? 1o- do *ou set this? - This option is used to gradually increase the amount of VusersBload on the server. #n initial value is set and a value to wait between intervals can be specified. To set &amp 3p, go to C<cenario <cheduling 8ptions/ 24. What is the advantage of running the #user as thread? - Vu2en provides the facility to use multithreading. This enables more Vusers to be run per generator. $f the Vuser is run as a process, the same driver program is loaded into memory for each Vuser, thus taking up a large amount of memory. This limits the number of Vusers that can be run on a single generator. $f the Vuser is run as a thread, only one instance of the driver program is loaded into memory for the given number of Vusers 1say 6774. +ach thread shares the memory of the parent driver program, thus enabling more Vusers to be run per generator. 25. 7f *ou -ant to stop the execution of *our script on error6 ho- do *ou do that? - The lr>abort function aborts the e*ecution of a Vuser script. $t instructs the Vuser to stop e*ecuting the #ctions section, e*ecute the vuser>end section and end the e*ecution. This function is useful when you need to manually abort a script e*ecution as a result of a specific error condition. %hen you end a script using this function, the Vuser is assigned the status D<toppedD. (or this to take effect, we have to first uncheck the E'ontinue on errorF option in &un-Time <ettings. 26. What is the relation 0et-een Response ,ime and ,hroughput? - The Throughput graph shows the amount of data in bytes that the Vusers received from the server in a second. %hen we compare this with the transaction response time, we will notice that as throughput decreased, the response time also decreased. <imilarly, the peak throughput and highest response time would occur appro*imately at the same time.

27. Explain

the "onfiguration of *our s*stems? - The configuration of our systems refers to that of the client machines on which we run the Vusers. The configuration of any client machine includes its hardware settings, memory, operating system, software applications, development tools, etc. This system component configuration should match with the overall system configuration that would include the network infrastructure, the web server, the database server, and any other components that go with this larger system so as to achieve the load testing ob"ectives. 28. 1o- do *ou identif* the performance 0ottlenec/s? - ,erformance )ottlenecks can be detected by using monitors. These monitors might be application server monitors, web server monitors, database server monitors and network monitors. They help in finding out the troubled area in our scenario which causes increased response time. The measurements made are usually performance response time, throughput, hitsBsec, network delay graphs, etc. 29. 7f -e0 server6 data0ase and 8et-or/ are all fine -here could 0e the pro0lem? - The problem could be in the system itself or in the application server or in the code written for the application. 30. 1o- did *ou find -e0 server related issues? - 3sing %eb resource monitors we can find the performance of web servers. 3sing these monitors we can analy0e throughput on the web server, number of hits per second that occurred during scenario, the number of http responses per second, the number of downloaded pages per second. 31. 1o- did *ou find data0ase related issues? - )y running E.atabaseF monitor and help of E.ata &esource 2raphF we can find database related issues. +.g. You can specify the resource you want to measure on before running the controller and than you can see database related issues 32. Explain all the -e0 recording options? 33. What is the difference 0et-een 9verla* graph and "orrelate graph? 9verla* 3raph: $t overlay the content of two graphs that shares a common *a*is. Left Y-a*is on the merged graph show/s the current graph/s value G &ight Y-a*is show the value of Y-a*is of the graph that was merged. "orrelate 3raph: ,lot the Y-a*is of two graphs against each other. The active graph/s Y-a*is becomes H-a*is of merged graph. Y-a*is of the graph that was merged becomes merged graph/s Y-a*is. 34. 1o- did *ou plan the Load? What are the "riteria? - Load test is planned to decide the number of users, what kind of machines we are going to use and from where they are run. $t is based on important documents, Task .istribution .iagram and Transaction profile. Task .istribution .iagram gives us the information on number of users for a particular transaction and the time of the load. The peak usage and off-usage are decided from this .iagram. Transaction profile gives us the information about the transactions name and their priority levels with regard to the scenario we are deciding. 35. What does vuser:init action contain? - Vuser>init action contains procedures to login to a server. 36. What does vuser:end action contain? - Vuser>end section contains log off procedures.

37. What

is thin/ time? 1o- do *ou change the threshold? - Think time is the time that a real user waits between actions. +*ample: %hen a user receives data from a server, the user may wait several seconds to review the data before responding. This delay is known as the think time. 'hanging the Threshold: Threshold level is the level below which the recorded think time will be ignored. The default value is five 1I4 seconds. %e can change the think time threshold in the &ecording options of the Vugen. 38. What is the difference 0et-een standard log and extended log? - The standard log sends a subset of functions and messages sent during script e*ecution to a log. The subset depends on the Vuser type +*tended log sends a detailed script e*ecution messages to the output log. This is mainly used during debugging when we want information about: ,arameter substitution. .ata returned by the server. #dvanced trace. 39. Explain the follo-ing functions: - lr:de0ug:message - The lr>debug>message function sends a debug message to the output log when the specified message class is set. lr:output:message - The lr>output>message function sends notifications to the 'ontroller 8utput window and the Vuser log file. lr:error:message - The lr>error>message function sends an error message to the Load&unner 8utput window. lrd:stmt - The lrd>stmt function associates a character string 1usually a <JL statement4 with a cursor. This function sets a <JL statement to be processed. lrd:fetch - The lrd>fetch function fetches the ne*t row from the result set. 40. ,hroughput - 7f the throughput scales up-ard as time progresses and the num0er of #users increase6 this indicates that the 0and-idth is sufficient $f the graph were to remain relatively flat as the number of Vusers increased, it would be reasonable to conclude that the bandwidth is constraining the volume of data delivered. 41. ,*pes of 3oals in 3oal-9riented Scenario - Load &unner provides you with five different types of goals in a goal oriented scenario: The number of concurrent Vusers The number of hits per second The number of transactions per second The number of pages per minute The transaction response time that you want your scenario 42. )nal*sis Scenario ;.ottlenec/s<: $n &unning Vuser graph correlated with the response time graph you can see that as the number of Vusers increases, the average response time of the check itinerary transaction very gradually increases. $n other words, the average response time steadily increases as the load increases. #t IK Vusers, there is a sudden, sharp increase in the average response time. %e say that the test broke the server. ,hat is the mean time 0efore failure ;',.=<. The response time clearly began to degrade when there were more than IK Vusers running simultaneously.

43. What

is correlation? Explain the difference 0et-een automatic correlation and manual correlation? - 'orrelation is used to obtain data which are uni9ue for each run of the script and which are generated by nested 9ueries. 'orrelation provides the value to avoid errors arising out of duplicate values and also optimi0ing the code 1to avoid nested 9ueries4. #utomatic correlation is where we set some rules for correlation. $t can be application server specific. !ere values are replaced by data which are created by these rules. $n manual correlation, the value we want to correlate is scanned and create correlation is used to correlate. 44. Where do *ou set automatic correlation options? - #utomatic correlation from web point of view, can be set in recording options and correlation tab. !ere we can enable correlation for the entire script and choose either issue online messages or offline actions, where we can define rules for that correlation. #utomatic correlation for database, can be done using show output window and scan for correlation and picking the correlate 9uery tab and choose which 9uery value we want to correlate. $f we know the specific value to be correlated, we "ust do create correlation for the value and specify how the value to be created. 45. What is a function to capture d*namic values in the -e0 vuser script? %eb>reg>save>param function saves dynamic data information to a parameter.
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