Internet of Things by Group 3

2013PGPM012: Atul Katiyar 2013PGPM013: B.Siva Sankaran 2013PGPM026: K Aravind Reddy 2013PGPM036: Mathan Anto Marshine P 2013PGPM048: S.Harimanjunathan

Introduction
Internet of things - use of sensors, actuators, and data communication technology. Enables tracking, controlling or coordinating objects via the internet or a data network. New ways of monitoring, controlling and managing all the moving parts of a business. Ranges from simple identification tags to complex sensors and actuators. Example : The cities Sao Paulo and Beijing use sensors on pipes and pumps to monitor conditions and change pressure using actuators when necessary.

Process
Three steps are involved: 1. Data capture 2. Information aggregation and 3. Action. Data communication links transmit the captured data and the programming. Application: RFID (Radio frequency identification) tags which track the flow of raw materials, parts, goods. Companies use RFID to spot bottlenecks, manage inventory and tighten their supply chain. Example: FedEx uses this to enable customers to track their packages.

Potential applications
1. Medical: Capsule endoscopy wireless data communication In hospital health monitoring. Elimination of counterfeit drugs. 2. Manufacturing: Operational efficiency improvements. Improved precision manufacturing. 3. Power sector: Smart electrical grid systems to conserve energy. Reduction in total outage times. Better regulation of voltage and load balancing between lines.

5. Better policing: Source of gun shots can be identified using analysis of sound from multiple sensors. 6. Agriculture: For farmers, irrigation schedules can be better decided using leaf and soil sensors Crop damage can be avoided. Drip fertilisation can be made more efficient using IOT. Yields can raise up by 10-20% translating to economic impact of $100 billion per year by 2025. 7. Retail industry: Supply chain, inventory management 8. Miscellaneous: Avoiding accidents. This saves an estimated $50 billion per year by 2025. Oil, metal and mineral extraction can be improved.

Enablers:
Due to cheaper Micro electromechanical systems, sophisticated sensors can now be placed anywhere

Barriers:
Cost of sensors and actuators are currently high Standardizing for interoperability. Ability of companies to handle large volumes of data. Privacy and security concerns. Assigning legal responsibilities of injuries caused by IOT.

Implications:
Potential misuse of IOT data by terrorists, criminals and hackers.

Appendix