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Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20102011 777.56
%Share 0.2103
20112012 934.59
369,769.13
489,319.49
32.33
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 2. 3. 854411 854419 854420 Commodity WINDING WIRE OF COPPER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS,/SUBSTANCES CO-AXIAL CBL & OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FOR A VOLTAGE <=80 V OTHER ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS, FOR A VOLTAGE EXCEEDING 1000 V : 20102011 117.94 127.32 108.15 %Share 0.0319 0.0344 0.0292 20112012 129.41 161.52 99.32 %Share %Growth 0.0264 0.0330 0.0203 9.72 26.86 -8.17
HS Code digit level option 8
6. 7.
854449 854460
216.95 74.72
0.0587 0.0202
247.52 107.23
0.0506 0.0219
14.09 43.50
* ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 6. Commodity 20102011 79.28 121.95 %Share 0.0214 0.0330 20112012 85.45 155.86 %Share %Growth 0.0175 0.0319 7.78 27.81
OTHR METLS/SUBSTNCE 8. 9. 85442090 OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS 85443000 IGNTN WIRING SETS & OTHR WIRING SETS OF A KIND USED IN VEHICLES AIRCRAFT/SHIPS 85446090 OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FR A VLTG EXCDG 1000 V 49.54 50.26 0.0134 0.0136 51.44 74.48 0.0105 0.0152 3.83 48.19
28.
70.74
0.0191
98.40
0.0201
39.09
* ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20092010 689.53
%Share 0.2391
20102011 777.56
288,372.88
369,769.13
28.23
* ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 2. 3. 854411 854419 854420 Commodity WINDING WIRE OF COPPER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS,/SUBSTANCES CO-AXIAL CBL & OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FOR A VOLTAGE <=80 V OTHER ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS, FOR A VOLTAGE EXCEEDING 1000 V : 20092010 75.00 120.24 153.57 %Share 0.0260 0.0417 0.0533 20102011 117.94 127.32 108.15 %Share %Growth 0.0319 0.0344 0.0292 57.25 5.89 -29.58
HS Code digit level option 8
6. 7.
854449 854460
183.96 53.33
0.0638 0.0185
216.95 74.72
0.0587 0.0202
17.93 40.10
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 6. 8. 9. Commodity 20092010 38.53 116.93 67.45 34.14 %Share 0.0134 0.0405 0.0234 0.0118 20102011 79.28 121.95 49.54 50.26 %Share %Growth 0.0214 0.0330 0.0134 0.0136 105.75 4.29 -26.55 47.23
85441110 WINDING WIRE OF ENAMELLED COPPER 85441990 OTHER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS/SUBSTNCE 85442090 OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS 85443000 IGNTN WIRING SETS & OTHR WIRING SETS OF A KIND USED IN VEHICLES AIRCRAFT/SHIPS 85446090 OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FR A VLTG EXCDG 1000 V
28.
51.63
0.0179
70.74
0.0191
37.02
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20082009 871.86
%Share 0.2871
20092010 689.53
303,696.31
288,372.88
-5.05
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode Commodity 2008%Share 2009%Share %Growth
HS Code
2009 1. 2. 3. 854411 854419 854420 WINDING WIRE OF COPPER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS,/SUBSTANCES CO-AXIAL CBL & OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FOR A VOLTAGE <=80 V OTHER ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS, FOR A VOLTAGE EXCEEDING 1000 V : 68.49 108.55 172.71 0.0226 0.0357 0.0569
2010 75.00 120.24 153.57 0.0260 0.0417 0.0533 9.52 10.77 -11.08
6. 7.
854449 854460
254.15 82.24
0.0837 0.0271
183.96 53.33
0.0638 0.0185
-27.62 -35.15
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 6. 8. 9. Commodity 20082009 40.71 105.46 70.56 37.80 %Share 0.0134 0.0347 0.0232 0.0124 20092010 38.53 116.93 67.45 34.14 %Share %Growth 0.0134 0.0405 0.0234 0.0118 -5.35 10.87 -4.41 -9.69
85441110 WINDING WIRE OF ENAMELLED COPPER 85441990 OTHER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS/SUBSTNCE 85442090 OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS 85443000 IGNTN WIRING SETS & OTHR WIRING SETS OF A KIND USED IN VEHICLES AIRCRAFT/SHIPS 85446090 OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FR A VLTG EXCDG 1000 V
28.
74.43
0.0245
51.63
0.0179
-30.64
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
S.No. HSCode
Commodity
20072008
%Share
20082009
%Share %Growth
1.
8544
INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
921.80
0.3663
871.86
0.2871
-5.42
68
251,654.01
303,696.31
20.68
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 2. 3. 854411 854419 854420 Commodity WINDING WIRE OF COPPER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS,/SUBSTANCES CO-AXIAL CBL & OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FOR A VOLTAGE <=80 V OTHER ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS, FOR A VOLTAGE EXCEEDING 1000 V : 20072008 73.25 89.41 199.02 %Share 0.0291 0.0355 0.0791 20082009 68.49 108.55 172.71 %Share %Growth 0.0226 0.0357 0.0569 -6.50 21.41 -13.22
HS Code digit level option 8
7. 10.
854449 854460
206.82 38.35
0.0822 0.0152
254.15 82.24
0.0837 0.0271
22.88 114.43
* ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 6. 8. 9. Commodity 20072008 52.31 87.07 66.35 20.89 %Share 0.0208 0.0346 0.0264 0.0083 20082009 40.71 105.46 70.56 37.80 %Share %Growth 0.0134 0.0347 0.0232 0.0124 -22.17 21.13 6.35 80.92
85441110 WINDING WIRE OF ENAMELLED COPPER 85441990 OTHER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS/SUBSTNCE 85442090 OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS 85443000 IGNTN WIRING SETS & OTHR
WIRING SETS OF A KIND USED IN VEHICLES AIRCRAFT/SHIPS 48. 85446090 OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FR A VLTG EXCDG 1000 V 35.42 0.0141 74.43 0.0245 110.13
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20062007 488.34
%Share 0.2629
20072008 921.80
185,735.24
251,654.01
35.49
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode 1. 2. 3. 854411 854419 854420 Commodity WINDING WIRE OF COPPER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS,/SUBSTANCES CO-AXIAL CBL & OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FOR A VOLTAGE <=80 V OTHER ELECTRIC CONDUCTORS, FOR A VOLTAGE EXCEEDING 1000 V : 20062007 78.78 54.54 71.62 %Share 0.0424 0.0294 0.0386 20072008 73.25 89.41 199.02 %Share %Growth 0.0291 0.0355 0.0791 -7.02 63.93 177.87
HS Code digit level option 8
6. 9.
854449 854460
124.42 26.08
0.0670 0.0140
206.82 38.35
0.0822 0.0152
66.23 47.07
* ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity: 8544 INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC S.No. HSCode Commodity 2006%Share 2007%Share %Growth
2007 1. 6. 8. 9. 85441110 WINDING WIRE OF ENAMELLED COPPER 85441990 OTHER WINDING WIRES OF OTHR METLS/SUBSTNCE 85442090 OTHR CO-AXL ELCTRCL CNDCTRS 85443000 IGNTN WIRING SETS & OTHR WIRING SETS OF A KIND USED IN VEHICLES AIRCRAFT/SHIPS 85446090 OTHR ELCTRC CNDCTRS FR A VLTG EXCDG 1000 V 53.67 52.37 32.61 9.29 0.0289 0.0282 0.0176 0.0050
2008 52.31 87.07 66.35 20.89 0.0208 0.0346 0.0264 0.0083 -2.54 66.25 103.46 124.78
36.
22.20
0.0120
35.42
0.0141
59.57
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20052006 350.42
%Share 0.2349
20062007 488.34
149,165.73
185,735.24
24.52
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20042005 311.36
%Share 0.2792
20052006 350.42
111,517.43
149,165.73
33.76
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
S.No. HSCode
Commodity
20032004
%Share
20042005
%Share %Growth
HS Code
1.
8544
INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
193.96
0.2482
311.36
0.2792
60.53
68
78,149.11
111,517.43
42.70
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20022003 161.77
%Share 0.2634
20032004 193.96
61,412.14
78,149.11
27.25
ITC HS Code of the Commodity is either dropped or re-allocated from April 2011
Commodity INSULATED (INCLUDING ENAMELLED OR ANODISED) WIRE, CABLE (INCLUDING CO-AXIAL CABLE) AND OTHER INSULATED ELECTRIC CONDUC India's Total Import
20012002 198.59
%Share 0.3863
20022003 161.77
51,413.28
61,412.14
19.45
INTRO:-
Electrical machinery and Components:An electrical machine is the apparatus that converts energy in three categories: generators which convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, motors which convert electrical energy to mechanical energy, and transformers which changes the voltage level of an alternating current.
Generator
An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. A generator forces electrons to flow through an external electrical circuit. It is somewhat analogous to a water pump, which creates a flow of water but does not create the water inside. The source of mechanical energy, the prime mover, may be a reciprocating or turbine steam engine, water falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a wind turbine, a hand crank, compressed air or any other source of mechanical energy. The two main parts of an electrical machine can be described in either mechanical or electrical terms. In mechanical terms, the rotor is the rotating part, and the stator is the stationary part of an electrical machine. In electrical terms, the armature is the power-producing component and the field is the magnetic field component of an electrical machine. The armature can be on either the rotor or the stator. The magnetic field can be provided by either electromagnets or permanent magnets mounted on either the rotor or the stator. Generators are classified into two types, AC generators and DC generators.
Motor
An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The reverse process of electrical generators, most electric motors operate through interacting magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate rotational force. Motors and generators have many similarities and many types of electric motors can be run as generators, and vice versa. Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current or by alternating current which leads to the two main classifications: AC motors and DC motors.
Transformer
A transformer is a static device that converts alternating current from one voltage level to another level (higher or lower), or to the same level, without changing the frequency. A transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductorsthe transformer's coils. A varying electric current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying magnetic field
through the secondary winding. This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) or "voltage" in the secondary winding. This effect is called mutual induction. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_machine An electronic component is any basic discrete device or physical entity in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields. Electronic components are mostly industrial products, available in a singular form and are not to be confused with electrical elements, which are conceptual abstractions representing idealized electronic components.
Electronic component
Electronic components have two or more electrical terminals (or leads). These leads connect, usually soldered to a printed circuit board, to create an electronic circuit (a discrete circuit) with a particular function (for example an amplifier, radio receiver, or oscillator). Basic electronic components may be packaged discretely, as arrays or networks of like components, or integrated inside of packages such as semiconductor integrated circuits, hybrid integrated circuits, or thick film devices. The following list of electronic components focuses on the discrete version of these components, treating such packages as components in their own right.
Classification
A component may be classified as passive, active, or electromechanic. The strict physics definition treats passive components as ones that cannot supply energy themselves, whereas a battery would be seen as an active component since it truly acts as a source of energy. However, electronic engineers who perform circuit analysis use a more restrictive definition of passivity. When only concerned with the energy of signals, it is convenient to ignore the socalled DC circuit and pretend that the power supplying components such as transistors or integrated circuits is absent (as if each such component had its own battery built in), though it may in reality be supplied by the DC circuit. Then, the analysis only concerns the AC circuit, an abstraction that ignores DC voltages and currents (and the power associated with them) present in the real-life circuit. This fiction, for instance, lets us view an oscillator as "producing energy" even though in reality the oscillator consumes even more energy from a DC power supply, which we have chosen to ignore. Under that restriction, we define the terms as used in circuit analysis as:
Active components rely on a source of energy (usually from the DC circuit, which we have chosen to ignore) and usually can inject power into a circuit, though this is not part of the definition.[1] Active components include amplifying components such as transistors, triode vacuum tubes (valves), and tunnel diodes. Passive components can't introduce net energy into the circuit. They also can't rely on a source of power, except for what is available from the (AC) circuit they are connected to. As a consequence they can't amplify (increase the power of a signal), although they may increase a
voltage or current (such as is done by a transformer or resonant circuit). Passive components include two-terminal components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and transformers. Electromechanical components can carry out electrical operations by using moving parts or by using electrical connections
Most passive components with more than two terminals can be described in terms of two-port parameters that satisfy the principle of reciprocitythough there are rare exceptions.[2] In contrast, active components (with more than two terminals) generally lack that property.
Active components
Semiconductors
A.Diodes
Diode, Rectifier, Bridge rectifier Schottky diode, hot carrier diode super fast diode with lower forward voltage drop Zener diode Passes current in reverse direction to provide a constant voltage reference Transient voltage suppression diode (TVS), Unipolar or Bipolar used to absorb high-voltage spikes Varactor, Tuning diode, Varicap, Variable capacitance diode A diode whose AC capacitance varies according to the DC voltage applied. Light-emitting diode (LED) A diode that emits light LASER diode A semiconductor laser Photodiode Passes current in proportion to incident light o Avalanche photodiode Photodiode with internal gain o Solar Cell, photovoltaic cell, PV array or panel, produces power from light DIAC (Diode for Alternating Current), Trigger Diode, SIDAC) Often used to trigger an SCR Constant-current diode Peltier cooler A semiconductor heat pump
B. Transistors
Transistors were considered the invention of the century that changed electronic circuits forever. A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power.
Transistors o Bipolar junction transistor (BJT, or simply "transistor") NPN or PNP Photo transistor Amplified photodetector o Darlington transistor NPN or PNP Photo Darlington Amplified photodetector o Sziklai pair (Compound transistor, complementary Darlington) Field-effect transistor (FET)
JFET (Junction Field-Effect Transistor) N-CHANNEL or P-CHANNEL MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET) N-CHANNEL or P-CHANNEL MESFET (MEtal Semiconductor FET) HEMT (High electron mobility transistor) Thyristors o Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) Passes current only after triggered by a sufficient control voltage on its gate o TRIAC (TRIode for Alternating Current) Bidirectional SCR o Unijunction transistor (UJT) o Programmable Unijunction transistor (PUT) o SIT (Static induction transistor) o SITh (Static induction thyristor Composite transistors o IGBT (Insulated-gate bipolar transistor)
o o o o
C. Integrated circuits
Digital Analog
o o
Hall effect sensor Senses a magnetic field Current sensor Senses a current through it
D. Optoelectronic devices
Optoelectronics o Opto-Isolator, Opto-Coupler, Photo-Coupler Photodiode, BJT, JFET, SCR, TRIAC, Zerocrossing TRIAC, Open collector IC, CMOS IC, Solid state relay (SSR) o Opto switch, Opto interrupter, Optical switch, Optical interrupter, Photo switch, Photo interrupter o LED display Seven-segment display, Sixteen-segment display, Dot-matrix display
Display technologies
Current:
Filament lamp (indicator lamp) Vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) (preformed characters, 7 segment, starburst) Cathode ray tube (CRT) (dot matrix scan (e.g. computer monitor), radial scan (e.g. radar), arbitrary scan (e.g. oscilloscope)) (monochrome & colour) LCD (preformed characters, dot matrix) (passive, TFT) (monochrome, colour) Neon (individual, 7 segment display) LED (individual, 7 segment display, starburst display, dot matrix) Flap indicator (numeric, preprinted messages) Plasma display (dot matrix)
Obsolete:
Filament lamp 7 segment display (aka 'minitron') Nixie Tube Dekatron (aka glow transfer tube) Magic eye tube indicator Penetron (a 2 colour see-through CRT)
Amplifying tubes
Triode Tetrode Pentode Hexode Pentagrid Octode Microwave tubes o Klystron o Magnetron o Traveling-wave tube
Phototube or Photodiode tube equivalent of semiconductor photodiode Photomultiplier tube Phototube with internal gain Cathode ray tube (CRT) or Television picture tube Vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) Modern non-raster sort of small CRT display Magic eye tube Small CRT display used as a tuning meter (obsolete) X-ray tube Produces x-rays
Discharge devices
Obsolete:
Mercury arc rectifier Voltage regulator tube Nixie tube Thyratron Ignitron
Power sources
Sources of electrical power:
Battery acid- or alkali-based power supply Fuel cell an electrochemical generator Power supply usually a mains hook-up Photo voltaic device generates electricity from light Thermo electric generator generates electricity from temperature gradients Electrical generator an electromechanical power source Piezoelectric pressure - creates electricity from mechanical strain Physically carrying electrons - Van de Graaff generator or essentially creating voltage from friction
Passive components
Resistors
Resistor fixed value o Power resistor larger to safely dissipate heat generated o SIP or DIP resistor network array of resistors in one package Variable resistor o Rheostat two-terminal variable resistor (often for high power) o Potentiometer three-terminal variable resistor (variable voltage divider) o Trim pot Small potentiometer, usually for internal adjustments Heater heating element
Resistance wire, Nichrome wire wire of high-resistance material, often used as a heating element Thermistor temperature-varied resistor Humistor humidity-varied resistor Varistor, Voltage Dependent Resistor, MOV Passes current when excessive voltage is present
Capacitors
Capacitors store and release electrical charge. They are used for filtering power supply lines, tuning resonant circuits, and for blocking DC voltages while passing AC signals, among numerous other uses.
Capacitor o Integrated capacitors MIS capacitor Trench capacitor o Fixed capacitors Ceramic capacitor Film capacitor Electrolytic capacitor Aluminum electrolytic capacitor Tantalum electrolytic capacitor Niobium electrolytic capacitor Polymer capacitor OS-CON Electric double-layer capacitor Nanoionic supercapacitor Lithium-ion capacitor Mica capacitor Vacuum capacitor
Variable capacitor adjustable capacitance Tuning capacitor variable capacitor for tuning a radio, oscillator, or tuned circuit Trimmer capacitor small variable capacitor usually for internal adjustments Vacuum variable capacitor o Capacitors for special applications Power capacitor Safety capacitor Filter capacitor Light-emitting capacitor Motor capacitor Photoflash capacitor Reservoir capacitor o Capacitor network (array) Varicap diode AC capacitance varies according to the DC voltage applied
Inductor, coil, choke Variable inductor Saturable Inductor Transformer Magnetic amplifier (toroid) ferrite impedances, beads Motor / Generator Solenoid Loudspeaker and microphone
Networks
Components that use more than one type of passive component:
RC network forms an RC circuit, used in snubbers LC Network forms an LC circuit, used in tunable transformers and RFI filters.
Audio (see also piezoelectric devices) o Loudspeaker Magnetic or piezoelectric device to generate full audio o Buzzer Magnetic or piezoelectric sounder to generate tones Position, motion o Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) Magnetic detects linear position o Rotary encoder, Shaft Encoder Optical, magnetic, resistive or switches detects absolute or relative angle or rotational speed o Inclinometer Capacitive detects angle with respect to gravity o Motion sensor, Vibration sensor o Flow meter detects flow in liquid or gas Force, torque o Strain gauge Piezoelectric or resistive detects squeezing, stretching, twisting o Accelerometer Piezoelectric detects acceleration, gravity Thermal o Thermocouple, thermopile Wires that generate a voltage proportional to delta temperature o Thermistor Resistor whose resistance changes with temperature, up PTC or down NTC o Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) Wire whose resistance changes with temperature o Bolometer Device for measuring the power of incident electromagnetic radiation o Thermal cutoff Switch that is opened or closed when a set temperature is exceeded Magnetic field (see also Hall Effect in semiconductors) o Magnetometer, Gauss meter Humidity o Hygrometer Electromagnetic, light o Photo resistor Light dependent resistor (LDR)
Antennas
Antennas transmit or receive radio waves
Elemental dipole Yagi Phased array Loop antenna Parabolic dish Log-periodic dipole array Biconical Feedhorn
Assemblies, modules
Multiple electronic components assembled in a device that is in itself used as a component
o o
Filter
Prototyping aids
Wire-wrap Breadboard
Components that use the effect to generate or filter high frequencies o Crystal a ceramic crystal used to generate precise frequencies (See the Modules class below for complete oscillators) o Ceramic resonator Is a ceramic crystal used to generate semi-precise frequencies o Ceramic filter Is a ceramic crystal used to filter a band of frequencies such as in radio receivers o surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters Components that use the effect as mechanical transducers. o Ultrasonic motor Electric motor that uses the piezoelectric effects o For piezo buzzers and microphones, see the Transducer class below
Cable assemblies
Cables with connectors or terminals at their ends
Switches
Components that can pass current ("closed") or break the flow of current ("open"):
Switch Manually operated switch. o Electrical description: SPST, SPDT, DPST, DPDT, NPNT (general) o Technology: slide switches, toggle switches, rocker switches, rotary switches, pushbutton switches Keypad Array of pushbutton switches DIP switch Small array of switches for internal configuration settings Footswitch Foot-operated switch Knife switch Switch with unenclosed conductors Micro switch Mechanically activated switch with snap action Limit switch Mechanically activated switch to sense limit of motion Mercury switch Switch sensing tilt Centrifugal switch Switch sensing centrifugal force due to rate of rotation Relay Electrically operated switch (mechanical, also see Solid State Relay below) Reed switch Magnetically activated switch Thermostat Thermally activated switch Humidistat Humidity activated switch Circuit Breaker Switch opened in response to excessive current: a resettable fuse
Protection devices
Passive components that protect circuits from excessive currents or voltages:
Fuse over-current protection, one time use Circuit Breaker resettable fuse in the form of a mechanical switch Resettable fuse or PolySwitch circuit breaker action using solid state device Ground-fault protection or residual-current device circuit breaker sensitive to mains currents passing to ground Metal oxide varistor (MOV), surge absorber, TVS Over-voltage protection. Inrush current limiter protection against initial Inrush current Gas discharge tube protection against high voltage surges Spark gap electrodes with a gap to arc over at a high voltage Lightning arrester spark gap used to protect against lightning strikes
Mechanical accessories
Other
Obsolete:
Carbon amplifier (see Carbon microphones used as amplifiers) Carbon arc (negative resistance device) Dynamo (historic rf generator)
Standard symbols
Main article: Electronic symbol
On a circuit diagram, electronic devices are represented by conventional symbols. Reference designators are applied to the symbols to identify the component.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_component