Routine Maintenance (V900R007C01 02)

HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node V900R007C01
Routine Maintenance
Issue Date
02 2008-12-25
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but the statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance
Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................1 1 Overview of Routine Maintenance.........................................................................................1-1
1.1 Definition of Routine Maintenance.................................................................................................................1-2 1.2 Basic Principles of Routine Maintenance.......................................................................................................1-2 1.3 Requirements for Equipment Room Environment..........................................................................................1-3 1.3.1 Temperature...........................................................................................................................................1-3 1.3.2 Temperature Variation...........................................................................................................................1-4 1.3.3 Relative Humidity..................................................................................................................................1-5 1.3.4 Air Cleanliness.......................................................................................................................................1-5 1.3.5 Electromagnetic Radiation Resistance...................................................................................................1-7 1.3.6 Electrostatic Discharge Prevention........................................................................................................1-8 1.3.7 Lightning Protection Grounding..........................................................................................................1-11 1.3.8 Mechanical Stress.................................................................................................................................1-14
2 Risky Operations........................................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Risky Hardware Operations............................................................................................................................2-2 2.2 Risky Software Operations..............................................................................................................................2-3 2.3 Risky Command Operations...........................................................................................................................2-3
3 Guide to Routine Maintenance...............................................................................................3-1

3.1 Daily Maintenance Tasks................................................................................................................................3-2 3.1.1 Checking the Equipment Room Environment.......................................................................................3-2 3.1.2 Checking the Power Supply System......................................................................................................3-3 3.1.3 Checking the LMT System....................................................................................................................3-4 3.1.4 Checking the Alarm System...................................................................................................................3-5 3.1.5 Checking the Performance System........................................................................................................3-6 3.1.6 Checking the Service Operation.............................................................................................................3-7 3.2 Monthly Maintenance Tasks...........................................................................................................................3-8 3.2.1 Checking Power Cables and Grounding Cables....................................................................................3-9 3.2.2 Checking Cable Connections.................................................................................................................3-9 3.2.3 Cleaning the Device.............................................................................................................................3-10 3.2.4 Checking System Resources................................................................................................................3-11 3.2.5 Checking the Time System..................................................................................................................3-12 3.2.6 Checking the Maintenance Terminal...................................................................................................3-12 Issue 02 (2008-12-25) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. i
Contents
HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance 3.2.7 Backing Up Files..................................................................................................................................3-13 3.2.8 Checking Spare Parts...........................................................................................................................3-13
3.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks............................................................................................................................3-14 3.3.1 Checking the NMS...............................................................................................................................3-14 3.3.2 Checking the Device Management.......................................................................................................3-15 3.3.3 Checking the Trace Management.........................................................................................................3-16 3.3.4 Analyzing Alarms................................................................................................................................3-17
4 Guide to Special Operations....................................................................................................4-1

4.1 Maintaining the Grounding System................................................................................................................4-2 4.1.1 Checking the Grounding System............................................................................................................4-2 4.1.2 Measuring Grounding Resistance..........................................................................................................4-3 4.2 Maintaining the Device Cleanliness................................................................................................................4-4 4.2.1 Cleaning the Air Filter Frame................................................................................................................4-4 4.2.2 Cleaning the Air Filter Net.....................................................................................................................4-5 4.2.3 Cleaning the Fan Module.......................................................................................................................4-6 4.2.4 Cleaning the Air Deflector.....................................................................................................................4-7
5 Maintenance Commands and Tools.......................................................................................5-1

5.1 Maintenance Commands.................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 Maintenance Tools..........................................................................................................................................5-6
6 Maintenance Record Tables.....................................................................................................6-1

6.1 Daily Maintenance Records............................................................................................................................6-2 6.2 Monthly Maintenance Records.......................................................................................................................6-4 6.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks..............................................................................................................................6-5 6.4 Data Modification Records.............................................................................................................................6-7 6.5 Emergency Fault Handling Records...............................................................................................................6-7 6.6 Unscheduled Service Processing Records.......................................................................................................6-8 6.7 Board Replacement Records...........................................................................................................................6-9
Index.................................................................................................................................................i-1
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Figures
Figures
Figure 1-1 Relation between ESD and time.......................................................................................................1-10 Figure 4-1 Deployment of poles of the earth resistance tester.............................................................................4-4
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Tables
Tables
Table 1-1 Density of mechanical active substances.............................................................................................1-6 Table 1-2 Density of chemical active substances.................................................................................................1-6 Table 1-3 Interference modes and impacts of EMI sources on devices...............................................................1-8 Table 1-4 Electrostatic voltage in the human body..............................................................................................1-9 Table 1-5 Classification of common materials...................................................................................................1-10 Table 1-6 Sensitivity level of various electrical components to ESD................................................................1-10 Table 1-7 Requirements for lightning protection grounding..............................................................................1-12 Table 1-8 Requirements for mechanical stress...................................................................................................1-14 Table 2-1 Risky hardware operations...................................................................................................................2-2 Table 2-2 Risky software operations....................................................................................................................2-3 Table 2-3 Risky command operations..................................................................................................................2-4 Table 3-1 Daily maintenance for equipment room environment..........................................................................3-2 Table 3-2 Daily maintenance for the power supply system.................................................................................3-4 Table 3-3 Daily maintenance for the LMT system...............................................................................................3-5 Table 3-4 Daily maintenance for the alarm system..............................................................................................3-6 Table 3-5 Daily maintenance for the performance system...................................................................................3-7 Table 3-6 Daily maintenance for service operation..............................................................................................3-7 Table 3-7 Monthly maintenance for power cables and grounding cables............................................................3-9 Table 3-8 Monthly maintenance for cable connections......................................................................................3-10 Table 3-9 Monthly maintenance for device cleanliness.....................................................................................3-10 Table 3-10 Monthly maintenance for system resources.....................................................................................3-11 Table 3-11 Monthly maintenance for the time system.......................................................................................3-12 Table 3-12 Monthly maintenance for the maintenance terminal........................................................................3-12 Table 3-13 Monthly maintenance of file backup................................................................................................3-13 Table 3-14 Monthly maintenance of spare part check........................................................................................3-13 Table 3-15 Yearly maintenance for the NMS....................................................................................................3-14 Table 3-16 Yearly maintenance of device management.....................................................................................3-15 Table 3-17 Yearly maintenance for trace management......................................................................................3-17 Table 3-18 Yearly maintenance of alarm analysis.............................................................................................3-17 Table 4-1 Grounding cable types of the GGSN9811...........................................................................................4-2 Table 5-1 Maintenance commands for system management................................................................................5-2 Table 5-2 Maintenance commands for device management................................................................................5-3 Table 5-3 Maintenance commands for resource management.............................................................................5-4 Issue 02 (2008-12-25) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. v
Tables
HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance Table 5-4 Maintenance commands for alarm management..................................................................................5-5 Table 6-1 Daily maintenance records...................................................................................................................6-2 Table 6-2 Monthly maintenance records..............................................................................................................6-4 Table 6-3 Yearly maintenance tasks.....................................................................................................................6-6 Table 6-4 Data modification records....................................................................................................................6-7 Table 6-5 Emergency fault handling records........................................................................................................6-8 Table 6-6 Unscheduled service processing records..............................................................................................6-8 Table 6-7 Board replacement records...................................................................................................................6-9
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About This Document
About This Document

Purpose
This document describes the basic principles of routine maintenance and operation guides and precautions for daily, monthly, and yearly maintenance. The operations for routine maintenance of the GGSN9811 are described.
Related Versions
The following table lists the product version related to this document. Product Name GGSN9811 Version V900R007C01
Intended Audience
This document is intended for network monitoring engineers.
Update History
Updates between document versions are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document version contains all updates made to previous versions. Updates in Issue 02 (2008-12-25) The second commercial release. Updates in Issue 01 (2008-05-20) Initial commercial release.
Organization
1 Overview of Routine Maintenance This defines routine maintenance and describes the basic principles of routine maintenance and the effects of the equipment room environment on the running of the GGSN9811. 2 Risky Operations This describes the risky operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. 3 Guide to Routine Maintenance
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About This Document
This describes how to perform routine maintenance based on different periods. 4 Guide to Special Operations This describes how to maintain the grounding system and clean the device. 5 Maintenance Commands and Tools This describes the common commands and tools used for routine maintenance. 6 Maintenance Record Tables This lists the common tables used to record routine maintenance.
Conventions
1. Symbol Conventions The following symbols may be found in this document. They are defined as follows Symbol Description Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could cause equipment damage, data loss, and performance degradation, or unexpected results. Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save your time. Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement important points of the main text.
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
TIP
NOTE
2. General Conventions Convention Times New Roman Boldface Italic Courier New 3. Command Conventions
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Description Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman. Names of files,directories,folders,and users are in boldface. For example,log in as user root . Book titles are in italics. Terminal display is in Courier New.
About This Document
Convention Boldface Italic [] {x | y | ...} [ x | y | ... ] { x | y | ... } * [ x | y | ... ] *
Description The keywords of a command line are in boldface. Command arguments are in italic. Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are optional. Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.One is selected. Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets and separated by vertical bars.One or none is selected. Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.A minimum of one or a maximum of all can be selected. Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.A minimum of zero or a maximum of all can be selected.
4. GUI Conventions Convention Boldface > Description Buttons,menus,parameters,tabs,window,and dialog titles are in boldface. For example,click OK. Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">" signs. For example,choose File > Create > Folder .
5. Keyboard Operation Convention Key Key1+Key2 Key1,Key2 Description Press the key.For example,press Enter and press Tab. Press the keys concurrently.For example,pressing Ctrl+Alt+A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently. Press the keys in turn.For example,pressing Alt,A means the two keys should be pressed in turn.
6. Mouse Operation Action Click Double-click Description Select and release the primary mouse button without moving the pointer. Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and quickly without moving the pointer.
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About This Document
Action Drag
Description Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the pointer to a certain position.
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1 Overview of Routine Maintenance
Overview of Routine Maintenance
About This Chapter

This defines routine maintenance and describes the basic principles of routine maintenance and the effects of the equipment room environment on the running of the GGSN9811. 1.1 Definition of Routine Maintenance This defines routine maintenance. 1.2 Basic Principles of Routine Maintenance This describes the basic principles of routine maintenance. 1.3 Requirements for Equipment Room Environment This describes the effects of the equipment room environment on the running of the device.
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1.1 Definition of Routine Maintenance

This defines routine maintenance. Routine maintenance is a type of preventive maintenance. It is a routine check and maintenance of a device to locate and clear faults in time when the device is operational. This ensures the reliable, secure, and stable running of the device.
1.2 Basic Principles of Routine Maintenance

This describes the basic principles of routine maintenance. To maximize the functions of the device, minimize accidents, and ensure the long-term stable running of the device and lower maintenance cost, operators must abide by the following instructions before maintaining the GGSN9811:
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The maintenance personnel should be aware of the importance of routine maintenance that aims at prevention, and frame rules to manage and maintain the device properly. The personnel should ensure that the environment in the equipment room meets the requirements stipulated in the related industrial standards. The equipment room should be kept clean and be free of dust, moisture, and rodents. The maintenance personnel must be trained on maintenance knowledge, operation regulations, industry security regulations, basic operation skills, and emergency handling techniques. The personnel should perform the routine checks or tests and record the results every day based on the suggestions in this document. If the personnel encounter any difficulties during the maintenance, they should record the original information in detail and contact Huawei customer service center or the regional office of Huawei for support. The personnel should handle urgent cases based on the related steps mentioned in the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Emergency Maintenance. At the same time, they should contact Huawei customer service center or regional office for support. The system administrator must change the administration password regularly and keep it secure. The passwords must be set for different levels. They are allocated based on the operation authority of the maintenance personnel and maintenance authority of the workstation. Thus, the security of the terminal system is ensured. The personnel should record all the major operations such as board switchover, system resetting, and software loading. They should ensure that the operations are feasible, and data backup, emergency measures, and security measures are complete before the operation. They should not power off or restart the system unless an emergency occurs. The personnel must not mount or run non-standard software such as firewall, anti-virus, games, and pirated software on important computers. Only the shipping software can be mounted for data query and modification. The installation of other software may lead to faults. The personnel should modify the office data using the authorized identity and back up the office data before it is modified. They should record the modified contents.
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The personnel should ensure that sufficient spare parts for replacing any faulty part are available. If a faulty board is placed on the subrack or cabinet, it may lead to other faults. Therefore, pack the faulty board in the antistatic bag and return it for repair in time.
1.3 Requirements for Equipment Room Environment

This describes the effects of the equipment room environment on the running of the device. To maximize the functions of the device, minimize accidents, and ensure the long-term stable running of the device, operators must maintain a good environment in the equipment room. 1.3.1 Temperature This describes the basic requirements for temperature, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.2 Temperature Variation This describes the basic requirements for temperature variations, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.3 Relative Humidity This describes the basic requirements for the relative humidity, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.4 Air Cleanliness This describes the basic requirements for air cleanliness, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.5 Electromagnetic Radiation Resistance This describes the basic requirements for electromagnetic radiation resistance, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.6 Electrostatic Discharge Prevention This describes the basic requirements for electrostatic discharge (ESD) prevention, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.7 Lightning Protection Grounding This describes the basic requirements for lightning protection grounding, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures. 1.3.8 Mechanical Stress This describes the basic requirements for mechanical stress, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
1.3.1 Temperature
This describes the basic requirements for temperature, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
According to the network equipment building system (NEBS) standard, the indoor temperature must be within the range of 5C to 40C constantly. The indoor temperature for short-term working conditions ranges from 5C to +45C. Under short-term working conditions, the device cannot work continuously for over 48 hours, or the accumulated working duration each year cannot be more than 15 days.
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NOTE
The measurement points of the temperature must be 1.5 meters above the floor and 0.4 meter away from the front side of the device.
Effects on Device Running

Temperature is a key factor for the long-term and reliable running of the device. Extremely high or extremely low temperature may cause the following faults.
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If the temperature is extremely high, the ions in the integrated circuits diffuse increasingly. The electrons move faster to multiply the penetrating current. This leads to the damage of circuits caused by thermal breakdown. If the temperature is extremely high, the resistance value and the electrolysis capacitance change. This alters circuit parameters and degrades the device performance. If the temperature is extremely high, the sockets, plugs, and switches are prone to poor contact with each other due to heat caused expansion and cold caused shrink. This may affect the stable running of the device. If the temperature is extremely high or extremely low, the master clock frequency of the crystal oscillator circuit changes. The change affects the synchronization between devices and leads to rise in the bit error rate and slippage rate. Extreme high temperature speeds up the aging process of insulating materials. Extreme low temperature makes insulating material fragile. Both reduce the lifespan of the device.
Measures
Mount a ventilator and a heat dissipation system to ensure that the indoor temperature meets the requirements.
1.3.2 Temperature Variation

This describes the basic requirements for temperature variations, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Avoid the exquisite variation in the indoor temperature. Keep the temperature change during each hour within 5C.

The change of the temperature affects the heat capacity of various parts of the device. The parts of the device differ in heat capacity and sensitivity to temperature changes due to different materials and volumes. If the heat capacity of a component is large, the effect of temperature changes is less. In addition, when the temperature changes drastically, different stresses are generated on different parts due to heat caused expansion and cold caused shrink. This damages the mechanical structure of the device and breaks circuit boards or other components.
Measures
Take appropriate measures to control the temperature. Regardless of the weather, the long-term temperature control must be set.
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1.3.3 Relative Humidity

This describes the basic requirements for the relative humidity, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Keep the indoor relative humidity within the range of 5% to 85% constantly. The indoor relative humidity for short-term working conditions ranges from 5% to 90%. Under short-term working conditions, the device cannot work continuously for over 48 hours, or the accumulated working duration each year cannot be more than 15 days.
NOTE
The measurement points of the humidity must be 1.5 meters above the floor and 0.4 meter away from the front side of the device.

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If the relative humidity is extremely high, a layer of water membrane is absorbed on the surface of the electronic parts. According to the research, when the relative humidity is higher than 85%, the thickness of the water membrane can be 0.001 m to 0.01 m. The water membrane conducts and affects the electrical performance of the integrated circuits. If the relative humidity is extremely high, the magneto-conductivity rate of the magnetic materials is affected, and the connecting pieces and leads are rusted, which causes loose contact or short circuit. If the relative humidity is extremely low, static electricity is generated due to the friction of running devices, antistatic floor, and operation staff in the equipment room. This affects the running and maintenance of the communication devices. If the relative humidity is extremely low, conductive dust particles in the air increase. This affects the air cleanliness in the equipment room and affects the stable running of the equipment.
Measures
Mount the appropriate dehumidifying or humidifying device. Use a humidifier in dry areas. You can also use a wet mop to ensure that the humidity in the room is maintained. Use a dehumidifier in damp areas.
1.3.4 Air Cleanliness

This describes the basic requirements for air cleanliness, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Air cleanliness is measured in terms of the density of the mechanical active substances and the density of the chemical active substances. Take appropriate protection measures in the equipment room so that the air cleanliness in the equipment room can meet the following requirements:
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The equipment room is free of explosive, conductive, magneto conductive, or corrosive dust.
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The density of mechanical active substances complies with the specifications listed in Table 1-1.
NOTE
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Dust particles: diameter 5 m Suspended dust: diameter 75 m Deposited dust: 75 m diameter 150 m Grit: 150 m diameter 1000 m
Table 1-1 Density of mechanical active substances Mechanical Active Substance Dust particles Suspended dust Deposited dust Grit Unit Particle/m3 mg/m3 mg/m2h mg/m3 Content 3 104 0.2 1.5 30
The density of chemical active substances complies with the specifications listed in Table 1-2.
Table 1-2 Density of chemical active substances Chemical Active Substances SO2 H2S NH3 Cl2 HCl HF O3 Unit mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 Content 0.30 0.10 1.00 0.10 0.10 0.01 0.05

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If the density of dust particles in the air is excessively high, they stick to the surface of electronic components and integrated circuits. This weakens the heat dissipation abilities of the components and circuits. When conductive dust comes into contact with the components, it weakens their insulation ability, and leads to short-circuits.
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Chemical active substances also affect the communication device. For example, if an acidic gas such as SO2 is very thick in the air, the device may be damaged due to rust, thus causing short circuit. If CO is very thick in the air, it may cause an explosion.
Measures
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The ground, wall, and ceiling are dustproof. Doors and windows facing outwards are equipped with screens. The outer windows are dustproof. The equipment room and air filter frame are regularly cleaned. Once every three months is recommended. Shoe covers and ESD-preventive clothes are worn when entering the equipment room. The equipment room is not built where the concentration of corrosive gas is high, such as a chemical plant. The air intake vent of the equipment room is in the perennial upwind direction of the pollution source. Batteries are placed in a room where communications devices are not stored. Ask professional organizations to evaluate the air cleanliness in the equipment room.
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1.3.5 Electromagnetic Radiation Resistance

This describes the basic requirements for electromagnetic radiation resistance, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Take appropriate shielding and protection measures in the equipment room to reduce the external and internal electromagnetic interference (EMI). Ensure that the EMI in the equipment room meets the following requirements:
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Strength of electric field: 130 dB (V/m) Strength of magnetic field: 800 A/m

Table 1-3 lists the interference modes and impacts of EMI sources on devices.
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Table 1-3 Interference modes and impacts of EMI sources on devices Interference Source
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Electromagnetic radiation from transformers Electromagnetic radiation from power-on and power-off Waveform distortion of the power supply network caused by running of large devices Space radio frequency Magnetic field of the Earth External radiation Other interference sources Capacitance coupling Inductance coupling Electromagnetic wave radiation Public impedance (including a grounding system) and conductive wires (including power cables, signal cables, and output cables) Other interference modes The EMI affects stability, reliability, and security of the equipment. It may lead to faults such as crosstalk, blockage, bit errors, and interruption. It may disturb the software running. It may even damage the device.
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Interference Mode
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Impact on Communication Devices
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Measures
Take appropriate shielding and protection measures in the equipment room to reduce the external and internal EMI.
1.3.6 Electrostatic Discharge Prevention

This describes the basic requirements for electrostatic discharge (ESD) prevention, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Take appropriate ESD prevention measures in the equipment room to suppress or reduce the ESD. The ESD prevention measures are as follows:
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Stably ground the device with the grounding resistance less than 10 ohms, to avoid electrostatic accumulation. Equip the equipment room floor with antistatic materials.
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Take dustproof measures to avoid absorbing static electricity. Ensure that the equipment room meets the standard temperature and humidity requirements. Do not apply insulating floor wax to the antistatic floor. Remove insulating oil film, resin and rubber from antistatic table pad, floor and floor pad. Clean floor pad with neutral or antistatic cleaning solvent. Attach antistatic labels that can be easily identified, on antistatic devices and tools and static sensitive materials; attach grounding tags on the antistatic grounding system. Follow antistatic regulations when operating the device by wearing antistatic clothes or wrist strap. The seats must be antistatic. Use seats made of leatheroid, chemical fibers or plastic, and not wood.

The effect of ESD on devices is apparent. When static electricity comes into contact with electronic components such as large-scale integrated circuits using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technique, ESD occurs. The instantaneous electrostatic voltage can be increased to more than ten thousand voltages. Therefore, ESD damages the electronic components and may affect the secure running of the device. Research shows that 60% boards are damaged due to ESD. ESD may also lead to software failures such as failure of electronic switches. Table 1-4 lists the increase in the electrostatic voltage in the human body within 40 seconds in three situations. Table 1-4 Electrostatic voltage in the human body Situation Walking on an insulated carpet Standing on insulated ground Sitting on a stool Voltage Range (V) 12000 to 39000 4000 to 13000 500 to 3000
If the voltage exceeds 12 kV, it may be fatal. See Figure 1-1.
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Figure 1-1 Relation between ESD and time
Human body voltage
(kV)
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 10
Standing on non-processed nylon floor with rubber shoes
Standing on nylon floor with rubber shoes
Standing on polypropylene floor with leather shoes
20
30
40
Time (second)
Table 1-5 lists the classification of common insulating materials and conductive materials. Table 1-5 Classification of common materials Category Insulating material Function Accumulating static electricity Material
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Plastic floor Nylon and chemical fiber carpet Shoes made of leather or plastic Chemical fiber clothes Environment where the relative humidity is higher than 60% Floor made of semiconductive materials Cement floor
Conductive material
Avoid ESD
Table 1-6 lists the sensibility level of various electrical components to ESD. Table 1-6 Sensitivity level of various electrical components to ESD Component MOS (integrated circuit)
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Voltage Causing Damage (V) 100 to 200

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Component CMOS (integrated circuit) TTL circuit Field effect transistor Printed circuit board for multiple purposes Silicon controlled thyristor
Voltage Causing Damage (V) 250 to 2000 300 to 1500 380 to 7900 500 680 to 1000
Table 1-4 and Table 1-6 indicate the effects of ESD on electrical components and show that static electricity of more than 12 kV is generated in 12 seconds when a person is walking in a room without ESD-preventive measures. Therefore, on touching any electronic equipment, the device may be damaged.
NOTE
The average capacitance in a human body is about 200 pF. ESD is generated when you walk because walking is equal to the relative movement between charged bodies. The quantity of charge carried in a human body depends on the factors such as materials of the clothes, floor materials, status of the material surface, indoor temperature and humidity, and walking speed. For example, a human body generates less ESD when ESD clothes instead of clothes made of chemical fibers are worn, the floor is grounded properly, and the indoor humidity is high.
Measures
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Train operators on ESD prevention. Raise the humidity to 60% RH or above to reduce the effect of static electricity. Use the antistatic floor in the equipment room; when entering the equipment room, wear the ESD-preventive shoes, work clothes, and wrist strap. Ground all conductors reliably. Remove electrostatic sources if possible. Mark the areas that required antistatic measures with labels that can be identified easily. Place the electrostatic sensitive device (ESSD) 30 cm away or farther from electrostatic sources.
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1.3.7 Lightning Protection Grounding

This describes the basic requirements for lightning protection grounding, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Table 1-7 lists the requirements for lightning protection grounding.
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Table 1-7 Requirements for lightning protection grounding Item Capital construction of the equipment room Requirement Use reinforced concrete to construct the equipment room. Install direct lightning proof devices such as a lightning arrester for the equipment room. Ground proof devices share the same grounding body with the equipment room. Using the TN-S power system Use a dedicated power transformer for a telecom office. Use metal jackets or steel tubes to cover the power cables before burying them under the ground. Ground both ends of a metal jacket or steel tube nearby and properly. Bury the cable at least 15 m under the ground. Mount an unspaced zinc oxide arrester to each of the three phase lines on the low tension side of the AC power transformer. Ground the enclosure of the transformer, the neutral lines on the low tension side, and the metal steel tubes of the power cables that are connected to the enclosure of the transformer nearby and correctly. Equipping the power cables leading in the telecom office with a lightning arrester Do not lead AC/DC power cables into or out of a telecom office in aerial mode. After leading low-voltage power cables into the equipment room, install a lightning arrester in the AC voltage stabilizer and the AC power distribution panel (box). Connect the arrester to the most nearby ground. For the equipment room built in the city, install the power supply arrester with the nominal discharging current not less than 20 kA. For the equipment room built in the suburb that is prone to lightning strike, install the power supply arrester with the nominal discharging current more than 60 kA. For the equipment room built in mountainous areas that are prone to lightning strike, or in separate high-rise buildings in the city, install the power supply arrester with the nominal discharging current more than 100 kA. Ensure that the length of the grounding cable of the lightning arrester is up to one meter. Grounding of DC power distribution Connect the DC working ground (positive pole of 48 V DC power or the negative pole of 24 V DC power) with the indoor collective grounding cable nearby. The grounding cable must meet the maximum load requirements of the device. The power supply device must have DC working grounding cables, which can connect the power supply device to the collective grounding cables.
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Item Equipotent connection
Requirement Ground all the devices including the auxiliary devices in the equipment room in protection mode. Connect all the protection grounding cables in a telecom office to a general protection grounding bar. Join all protection grounding cables in one equipment room to one protection grounding bar. Ensure that the working ground and the protection ground share one grounding network. Ground the cabling racks, suspended iron supports, frames or enclosures, metal ventilation pipes, metal windows, and metal doors in protection mode.
General requirements for grounding
Do not connect neutral lines of an AC power cable to the protection ground of any communication device in the equipment room. Do not mount fuses or switches on grounding cables. Arrange all grounding cables in a direct manner. Avoid overlapping of cables. Use leads with good conductivity such as copper leads as grounding cables. The section proportion of the cable is determined by the possible maximum current load. The leads cannot be bare.
Grounding resistance
Ensure that the grounding resistance is not more than 10 ohms. Keep the upper end of the grounding body at least 0.7 m over the ground. In cold areas, bury the grounding body below frozen ground. Periodically measure the grounding resistance to ensure the effective grounding of cables.
Layout of signal cables
Do not route signal cables overhead in the equipment room, but below the ground. Route cables in and out of a telecom office into metal jackets metal pipes. Keep the grounding cable of the lightning arrester as short as possible. Ground the spare lines inside the cable in the equipment room.
Collective grounding cables
Use a grounding bar as the collective grounding cable. Do not use aluminum cables as grounding cable. Take measures to prevent electrochemical corrosion when connecting different metal parts together. Use a copper busbar, such as the collective grounding cable with a cross-sectional area not less than 120 mm2, or galvanized flat steel that has the same resistance. Insulate the collective grounding cable from the reinforcing steel bars of the building.
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Item Grounding lead-in cables
Requirement Keep the ground lead-in cable with a maximum length of 30 meters. The material for this kind of cables should adopt galvanized flat steel with a cross-sectional area of 40 mm 4 mm or 50 mm 5 mm.

Scientific and secure lightning-proof grounding benefits personal security, ESD prevention, EMI prevention and lightning proof. Thus, it ensures the secure and stable running of devices.
Measures
To prevent lightning strike, you must take lightning protection grounding measures listed in Table 1-7.
1.3.8 Mechanical Stress

This describes the basic requirements for mechanical stress, effects on the running of the device, and handling measures.
Basic Requirements
Table 1-8 lists the requirements for mechanical stress. Table 1-8 Requirements for mechanical stress Item Sinusoidal vibration Sub-item Offset Accelerated speed Frequency Non-stable impulse Impulse response spectrum II Payload Range 7.0 mm 2 Hz to 9 Hz 250 m/s2 20.0 m/s2 9 Hz to 200 Hz
5 kPa
NOTE
Impact response spectrum refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the device under specified impact excitation. Impulse response spectrum II means that the duration of half-sine impulse response spectrum is 6 ms. Payload refers to the capability of the packed device to bear the pressure from the top in normal pileup method.
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Extremely high mechanical stress may damage the device. Thus, the service life of the device may be affected.
Measures
The device must be prevented from damage caused by mechanical stress, for example, by mounting the protection boards.
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2 Risky Operations
2
About This Chapter
Risky Operations
This describes the risky operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. 2.1 Risky Hardware Operations This describes the risky hardware operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. 2.2 Risky Software Operations This describes the risky software operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. 2.3 Risky Command Operations This describes the risky command operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance.
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2 Risky Operations
2.1 Risky Hardware Operations

This describes the risky hardware operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. Table 2-1 Risky hardware operations Operation Object Operation on boards Operation Item Do not remove two or more SPUs from a subrack simultaneously. Do not remove the active board online. Possible Consequence of Misoperation If two or more SPUs are removed from a fully configured subrack simultaneously, the working SPUs in the subrack may be overloaded or even burnt. If the active board is removed online when the standby board is normal, the system can automatically switch the standby board to the active board. The latest data on the removed active board, however, cannot be backed up to the standby board in time because the data synchronization between the active and standby boards takes some time. Thus, problems such as call drop and CDR loss occur in the system. If the active board is removed online when the standby board is faulty, all the services of the module are interrupted, and partial or global service congestion may occur in the system. If the RESET button is pressed, the hardware of the board is forcibly reset. This operation can be performed only by experienced maintenance personnel in the case of a severe system fault. If the RESET button of the active board is pressed by mistake, the active board is reset, and the consequence of this operation is the same as that of removing the active board online. Only Huawei engineers can use the debug serial port of a board. If the debug serial port of a board is used, the processing efficiency of the board decreases and the board may be reset. The static electricity on the human body is harmful to the electronic components of the board. If the maintenance personnel insert or remove a board without wearing the antistatic wrist strap, the board may be damaged or may run unstably.
Do not press the RESET button on the board panel unless necessary.
Do not connect the serial port cable to the debug serial port of a board for debugging.
Do not insert or remove the board without wearing antistatic wrist straps or gloves.
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Operation Object Operation on cables Operation on power supplies
Operation Item Do not connect or remove cables unless necessary. Do not operate power switches in the power distribution box (PDB) of the cabinet unless necessary.
Possible Consequence of Misoperation Faults such as service interruption may occur in the subrack if the cables are connected or removed randomly. Operate power switches according to the operation instructions only during the upgrade, expansion, parts replacement, or treatment of major system faults. Major faults such as system breakdown, CDR loss, and service interruption may occur in the case of misoperations on power switches.
2.2 Risky Software Operations

This describes the risky software operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance. Table 2-2 Risky software operations Operation Object Operation on BAM files Operation Item Do not modify the folder structure or folder names on the BAM hard disk. Do not modify the configuration files with the.ini and .cfg extensions on the BAM hard disk. Operation on the system Do not randomly stop the service processes of the operating system. The BAM is the core component of the LMT of the GGSN9811. All the service processes running on the BAM have specified functions. Randomly stopping a certain service process may result in abnormal running or breakdown of the BAM. Possible Consequence of Misoperation Modifications of files on the BAM hard disk lead to the abnormal running and breakdown of the BAM.
2.3 Risky Command Operations

This describes the risky command operations that need to be avoided during routine maintenance.
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2 Risky Operations
CAUTION
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Do not randomly run the commands except the display commands to add, delete, modify, or configure data. Run the display commands to query and record the original system data before running other commands. Restore the original data and contact Huawei technical support if the modification fails.
Table 2-3 Risky command operations Comman d Category System commands CLI Command Command Function Resets the alarm configuratio n. Removes patches. Saves the configuratio n. Possible Consequence
alarm restore-config
The modified alarm configurations are lost.
patch delete save
This disables the patch units. The configuration file vrpcfg.cfg is overwritten if you run this command. You must check whether the configuration file is backed up before running this command. The SNMP data cannot be reported normally.
undo snmp-agent targethost
Removes the TRAP destination address. Removes files. Forcibly switches SRUs. Forcibly switches SPUs. Resets a board. Resets the system.
delete Hardware commands slave switchover
The system may run abnormally. This may result in temporary service interruption. This may result in temporary service interruption. This may result in temporary service interruption to the reset board. The system may stop processing services.
slave switch spu
reset slot
reboot
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Comman d Category Service commands
CLI Command
Command Function Removes the default HPLMN configured by running the mccmnc command. Removes the mapping between the actual access point name (APN) and the virtual APN.
Possible Consequence
undo hplmn
Roaming users may not be able to activate PDP by using the network operator identifier of the default HPLMN set through the mccmnc command.
undo virtual-apn-rule
The session activation may fail.
undo dhcp-server
Removes the The activation of the PDP IP address of contents accessing in DHCP the DHCP mode may fail. server. Removes the DNS server. Removes the NTP server. Removes the CG configuratio n. The resolution or mapping of certain APNs may fail. The GGSN9811 system time may not be synchronized with the network source time. CDR sending may fail or a few CDRs may be lost.
Interface commands
undo dns undo ntp-service unicastserver
Charging command
undo cg
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3 Guide to Routine Maintenance
3
About This Chapter
NOTE
Guide to Routine Maintenance
This describes how to perform routine maintenance based on different periods.
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This guide is intended for experienced maintenance personnel. For details on a specific maintenance item, refer to the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Operation Guide. The common tools must be available in the equipment room, including straight screwdrivers, cross screwdrivers, pliers, spanners, nippers, electric irons, millimeters, antistatic wrist straps, and antistatic brushes.
3.1 Daily Maintenance Tasks This describes how to perform daily maintenance. 3.2 Monthly Maintenance Tasks This describes how to perform monthly maintenance. 3.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks This describes how to perform yearly maintenance.
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3.1 Daily Maintenance Tasks

This describes how to perform daily maintenance. Daily maintenance refers to the maintenance tasks that must be performed every day. Daily maintenance involves maintaining the equipment room environment, power supply system, local maintenance terminal (LMT) system, alarm system, performance system, and service running. 3.1.1 Checking the Equipment Room Environment This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the equipment room environment. 3.1.2 Checking the Power Supply System This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the power supply system. 3.1.3 Checking the LMT System This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the local maintenance terminal (LMT) system. 3.1.4 Checking the Alarm System This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the alarm system. 3.1.5 Checking the Performance System This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the performance system. 3.1.6 Checking the Service Operation This describes how to perform daily maintenance for service operation.
3.1.1 Checking the Equipment Room Environment

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the equipment room environment. Table 3-1 Daily maintenance for equipment room environment Maintenance Item Environment Operation Check the power supply system, fire fighting devices, theft-proof nets, doors, and windows. Observe the thermometer in the equipment room. Expected Result All the checking objects are in good condition. External alarms are not generated.
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Temperature
Under normal conditions, the temperature in the room is always in the range of 5C to 40C. If the temperature is not in the allowed range for a long time, mount the ventilation and heat dispassion devices, or repair or replace the air conditioning system in the equipment room.
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Maintenance Item Humidity
Operation Observe the hygrometer in the equipment room.
Expected Result
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Under normal conditions, the relative humidity in the room is always in the range of 5% to 85%. If the relative humidity in the equipment room is extremely high, mount a dehumidifying device. If the relative humidity in the equipment room is extremely low, mount a humidifying device.
Fire fighting
Check the power distribution frame, N68E-22 cabinet, subracks, and cabling trough. Observe the heat dissipation status of the equipment room.
A hidden risk of fire is not detected in these places, and various fire fighting devices are in good conditions and are ready to use. The fans are running when the device is operational unless they are being cleaned. Turning off fans causes excessive high temperature and may damage boards. The vent is not covered. The dust filters of fans are periodically cleaned. All these places are free of dust.
Heat dissipation
Dust-proof condition
Check the surface of the floor, workbench, and devices. Check both the surfaces and the insides of cabinets. Check the doors, windows, and theft-proof net.
Theft-proof condition
These devices are in good conditions without damage.
3.1.2 Checking the Power Supply System

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the power supply system.
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Table 3-2 Daily maintenance for the power supply system Maintenance Item Power supply for the cabinet Operation Check the RUN indicator on the power distribution box (PDB) of the N68E-22 cabinet. Expected Result
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If the RUN indicator (green) on the PDB panel of the cabinet flashes every second, it indicates that the power supply is normal and the PDB works properly. If the RUN indicator (green) on the PDB panel is off, it indicates that the power supply system of the cabinet is abnormal. That is, voltage is not provided by the two lead-in powers. If the panel indicators of each board in the GGSN9811 subrack are on, it indicates that the power supply for the GGSN9811 subrack is normal. If the panel indicators of each board in the GGSN9811 subrack are off, it indicates that the power supply for the GGSN9811 subrack is abnormal.
Power supply for the subrack
Check the panel indicators of each board in the GGSN9811 subrack.
3.1.3 Checking the LMT System

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the local maintenance terminal (LMT) system.
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Table 3-3 Daily maintenance for the LMT system Maintenance Item Running status of the LMT software Operation Start the LMT, click Maintenance, and then choose Trace Management . Choose Interface Trace Task or User Trace Task to query the interface tracing tasks or user tracing tasks respectively. Choose Start > Programs > Huawei Local Maintenance Terminal > Trace Viewer to display the Trace Viewer window. Then, you can query the history tracing data. Choose Start > Programs > Huawei Local Maintenance Terminal > Convert Management System to display the Convert Management System window. Then, you can query the alarm information about the device. Choose Start > Programs > Huawei Local Maintenance Terminal > Performance Browser Tool to display the Performance Browser Tool window. Then, you can query the performance measurement tasks. Start the LMT and click Maintenance. Click Information Collection to collect the device information. By default, the output files of the LMT are saved to D:\HW LMT \client\output. Expected Result The software runs normally.
Output files of the LMT
The output files of LMT alarms, system logs, operation logs, tracing, and performance are saved to this path. Through these files, you can obtain the information on the running status of the GGSN9811 in time.
3.1.4 Checking the Alarm System

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the alarm system.
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Table 3-4 Daily maintenance for the alarm system Maintenance Item Status of the power distribution box (PDB) Status of the SRU Operation Check the ALM indicator and alarm buzzer of the PDB in the N68E-22 cabinet. Check the indicators on the SRU in the subrack. Expected Result The red ALM indicator on the panel of the PDB is off and the alarm buzzer does not report an alarm. The green RUN indicator blinks every second when the SRU runs normally. When the SRU is starting, the RUN indicator blinks frequently. If the SRU is faulty, the RUN indicator is off or constantly on. The ALM indicator is the alarm indicator of the SRU. If the SRU works normally and an alarm is not generated, the ALM indictor is off. If an alarm is generated, the red ALM indicator is constantly on until the alarm is cleared. The ACT indicator of the active SRU is green and constantly on, and that of the standby SRU is off. The alarm sound level indicators are off, and the buzzer does not report an alarm. The serial port communication indicator (green) is on, which indicates that the alarm box communicates properly with the emergency workstation. Alarms can be classified into critical, major, minor, and warning alarms in terms of the severity level. There are no critical alarms such as board reset, board fault, and board switchover failure. There are no major alarms such as CPU overload, extreme temperature, high voltage, paused fans, interface faults, and board start failure. None.
Status of the alarm box
Check the indicators on the alarm box and the alarm buzzer. Check the serial port indicators. To locate the faults, you can start the alarm management system of the LMT to query the alarm information. Check alarms in the alarm subsystem carefully. Analyze and handle the alarms properly in time. If an alarm is generated frequently, you must analyze the cause.
Status of the alarm subsystem
Alarm query and analysis
Start the convert management system and query fault alarms and event alarms. Locate the alarms reported frequently and clear them.
3.1.5 Checking the Performance System

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for the performance system.
Table 3-5 Daily maintenance for the performance system Maintenance Item Performance measurement results Operation Start the performance browse tool. In the Performance Browse Tool window, choose System > Query Performance Results to query different performance measurement objects. For details on the operations of the performance measurement tool, refer to the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Operation Guide. Run display measure object to query the performance measurement objects. Expected Result The measurement results indicate that all the queried objects are normal and meet the actual conditions. Otherwise, analyze and locate the faults.
Performance measurement objects
The types of performance measurement objects are CG_IP, IMSI, APN, HPLMN, and SGSN_IP.
3.1.6 Checking the Service Operation

This describes how to perform daily maintenance for service operation. Table 3-6 Daily maintenance for service operation Maintenance Item Running status of boards Operation Start the LMT and click Device Panel. Click Device Management and check whether all the boards run normally. Run display device to query the running status of a specified board. Expected Result In the device view of Device Management, the name and status of each configured board are displayed properly. The board status is marked in the Legend pane. You can query information such as the slot number, board type, online or offline status, registration status, running status, active or standby status, interface status. You can query the current running status and the statistics of a specified interface. Based on this information, you can collect statistics of traffic and perform fault diagnosis.
Running status of interfaces and IP statistics
Run display ip interface to query the running status of a specified interface.
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Maintenance Item CPU utilization of a specified board
Operation Run display cpu-usage to query the CPU utilization of each board.
Expected Result Normally, the CPU utilization is lower than 85%. If the CPU utilization is extremely high for a long time, you must analyze the cause. You can query the operation log according to the operator, operation date, operation result, return code, and command name. The system can return up to 64 records. Only the configuration commands are written into the operation log. For example, clock datetime. Only the admin user can query the operation logs of all users. One operation log file is generated every day and stored to hd:/bam/data/olg on the SRU hard disk. You can query information such as the patch version, software version, number of temporary patches, number of common patches, number of correct patches, number of running patches, and number of active patches.
Operation log
Run display operlog to query the operation log.
Board patches
Run display patch-information to query the patches that are loaded to the board.
3.2 Monthly Maintenance Tasks

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance. Monthly maintenance involves maintaining the grounding power cables, cable connections, device cleanliness, system resources, time system, local maintenance terminal (LMT) system, data backup, and spare part check. 3.2.1 Checking Power Cables and Grounding Cables This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for power cables and grounding cables. 3.2.2 Checking Cable Connections This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for cable connections. 3.2.3 Cleaning the Device This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the device cleanliness. 3.2.4 Checking System Resources
This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for system resources. 3.2.5 Checking the Time System This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the time system. 3.2.6 Checking the Maintenance Terminal This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the maintenance terminal where the local maintenance terminal (LMT) is installed. 3.2.7 Backing Up Files This describes how to perform monthly maintenance of file backup. 3.2.8 Checking Spare Parts This describes how to perform monthly maintenance of spare part check.
3.2.1 Checking Power Cables and Grounding Cables

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for power cables and grounding cables. Table 3-7 Monthly maintenance for power cables and grounding cables Maintenance Item Power cables Operation Check the connections of all the power cables. Expected Result
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The connections are secure and reliable. Power cables are not aging; connectors are not corrupted.
Voltage
Measure the power voltage with a multimeter. Check the connections of the PGND cables, GND cables, +5 V grounding cables, and grounding busbars of the office.
The normal voltage is -48 V. The maximum fluctuation range is -57 V to -40 V.
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Grounding cables
The connections are secure and reliable. Connectors are not corrupted. The grounding cables are not aging. The grounding busbars are in good corrosion-proof condition.
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Earth resistance
Measure the earth resistance using an electric earth resistance tester. For the detailed operations, see 4.1.2 Measuring Grounding Resistance.
The joint earth resistance is less than 10 ohms.
NOTE
Record the measurement results of each cabinet. Rectify the problem immediately. Arrange the maintenance period for grounding cables according to the actual conditions of the office. Check and test each cabinet carefully, particularly in the rainy season.
3.2.2 Checking Cable Connections

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for cable connections.
Table 3-8 Monthly maintenance for cable connections Maintenance Item Trunk cables Expected Result
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The trunk cables are connected reliably. The trunk cables are not damaged. The labels are legible. The network cables are connected reliably. The network cables are not damaged. The labels are legible. The optical fibers are connected reliably. The optical fibers are not damaged. The labels are legible. The cables are connected reliably. The cables are not damaged. The labels are legible.
Network cables
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Optical fibers
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Cables between cabinets
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3.2.3 Cleaning the Device

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the device cleanliness. Table 3-9 Monthly maintenance for device cleanliness Maintenance Item Air filters Operation 1. Clean the surface of the cabinet using a clean dry cloth made of cotton yarn. Clean the area around the air inlets at the bottom of the cabinet using a vacuum cleaner. 2. Remove the air filter frame at the bottom of the cabinet. Clean it with water. After the air filter frame is dry, mount it back into the cabinet. For the detailed operations, see 4.2.1 Cleaning the Air Filter Frame. 3. Remove the air filter net on the inner side of the front door of the cabinet. Clean it with water. After the air filter net is dry, mount it back into the cabinet. For the detailed operations, see 4.2.2 Cleaning the Air Filter Net. Expected Result
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There must not be dust on the surface of the cabinet or around the air inlets at the bottom of the cabinet. The air filters must be free of dust.
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Maintenance Item Fan modules
Operation 1. Clean the fan blades and circuit boards in the spare fan module using a clean cloth made of cotton yarn, an antistatic soft brush, and a vacuum cleaner. 2. Replace a running fan module in the rack with the clean spare fan module. Replace the fan module within five minutes. 3. Clean the replaced fan module in the same way as you clean the spare fan module. After the cleaning, the replaced fan module serves as a spare fan module. 4. Repeat the previous two steps to replace the other running fan modules in the rack and clean them one by one in the same way.
Expected Result All the fan modules must be free of dust.
Air deflectors
1. Remove the air deflector from the rack, and then clean it using a clean cloth made of cotton yarn, an antistatic soft brush, and a vacuum cleaner. 2. Mount the cleaned air deflector back into the rack. 3. Clean the other air deflectors in the rack in the same way.
All the air deflectors must be free of dust.
3.2.4 Checking System Resources

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for system resources. Table 3-10 Monthly maintenance for system resources Maintenance Item System license Operation Run display license config to check the configuration of the system license. Run display max-bandwidth to query the maximum bandwidth of the APN. Run display max-pdpnumber to query the maximum number of PDP contexts. Expected Result The license is a formal commercial license instead of a default license. The license is in the normal state. The total number of users in the system is consistent with the actual network situation. The total number of users in the system is consistent with the actual network situation.
Maximum bandwidth of the APN Maximum number of PDP contexts
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Maintenance Item PDP contexts
Operation Run display pdpcontext to query the PDP contexts of a specified user or all the PDP contexts. Run display user-number to query the number of online users on a specified SPU.
Expected Result The queried objects consist of the IMSI, MSISDN, and IP address. The number of users is in the normal range.
Number of online users
3.2.5 Checking the Time System

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the time system. Table 3-11 Monthly maintenance for the time system Maintenance Item System time Operation Run display clock to query the time of the GGSN9811 system. Expected Result The time error between the GGSN9811 system and the standard local time must be less than one minute. The time error between the LMT and the standard local time must be less than one minute.
LMT time
Query the time of the LMT.
3.2.6 Checking the Maintenance Terminal

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance for the maintenance terminal where the local maintenance terminal (LMT) is installed. Table 3-12 Monthly maintenance for the maintenance terminal Maintenance Item Disk space of the maintenance terminal Virus clearance on the maintenance terminal
3-12
Operation Check the space of the hard disk of the maintenance terminal. Delete unwanted backup files or save them to other storage media. Delete temporary files. Use the genuine antivirus software and upgrade it in time. Run the antivirus software to protect the maintenance terminal.
Expected Result The available capacity rate of the hard disk is at least 50%.
The maintenance terminal is not infected by viruses.
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Maintenance Item Operating system patches
Operation Load operating system patches to the maintenance terminal in time.
Expected Result None.
3.2.7 Backing Up Files

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance of file backup. Table 3-13 Monthly maintenance of file backup Maintenance Item Configuration file backup Operation Run configfile backup to back up the GGSN9811 configuration data on the GGSN9811. Expected Result Back up the GGSN9811 configuration file before upgrading the system. If the upgrade fails, roll back to the earlier version by using the backup file.
NOTE
For details on the data backup and recovery, refer to the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node System Backup and Recovery.
3.2.8 Checking Spare Parts

This describes how to perform monthly maintenance of spare part check. Table 3-14 Monthly maintenance of spare part check Maintenance Item Storage environment Operation Periodically check the warehouse of the spare parts in terms of the fire protection, moistureproof, dustproof, antimagnetic, ventilation, and shockproof conditions. Expected Result The conditions must meet the requirements described in the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Product Description.
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Maintenance Item Quantity of spare parts
Operation Check whether the types and quantity of the spare parts meet the maintenance requirements.
Expected Result
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Based on the hardware configuration, at least one spare board must be available for each type of board. All the spare parts must be stored in good conditions and must be ready to use without any damage or corrosion. The damaged spare parts and the replaced parts must be returned for repair in time.
3.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks

This describes how to perform yearly maintenance. Yearly maintenance involves maintaining the network management system (NMS), device management, trace management, and alarm analysis. 3.3.1 Checking the NMS This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for the network management system (NMS). 3.3.2 Checking the Device Management This describes how to perform yearly maintenance of device management. 3.3.3 Checking the Trace Management This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for trace management. 3.3.4 Analyzing Alarms This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for alarm analysis.
3.3.1 Checking the NMS

This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for the network management system (NMS). Table 3-15 Yearly maintenance for the NMS Maintenance Item LMT Operation Check whether the version of the local maintenance terminal (LMT) is correct and whether the LMT can run normally. Choose Help > About... in the main window of the LMT to check the version of the LMT. Expected Result
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The LMT version is the same as planned. You can log in to the active SRU through the LMT. The LMT functions normally.
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Maintenance Item M2000
Operation Check whether the M2000 can receive the GGSN9811 alarms properly and whether the performance measurement results on the M2000 are correct.
Expected Result
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The real-time alarms on the M2000 are consistent with the real-time alarms on the GGSN9811. The history alarms on the M2000 are consistent with the history alarms queried on the LMT. The performance measurement results on the M2000 are correct.
Note: Verify the alarms and performance measurement results with the M2000 NMS center. SNMP Check whether the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) NMS receives the statistics for measurement items properly. Check whether the SNMP NMS receives the reported system alarms properly.
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The SNMP NMS receives the statistics for measurement items properly. The results are nearly consistent with the results on the M2000, and the error is within the acceptable range defined in the specifications. The SNMP receives the reported system alarms properly. The alarms are consistent with the alarms on the LMT.
Note: Verify the alarms and performance measurement results with the SNMP NMS center.
3.3.2 Checking the Device Management

This describes how to perform yearly maintenance of device management. Table 3-16 Yearly maintenance of device management Maintenanc e Item Boards Operation Check whether boards are in correct slots. Check whether any board is removed. Check whether the board indicators are in the normal state. Expected Result
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All the boards are in correct slots of correct subracks. The boards are not removed. The cabinet door is properly closed. All the board indicators are in the normal state.
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Version
Run display version to check whether the GGSN9811 version is correct.
The GGSN9811 version is the same as planned.
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Maintenanc e Item Patches
Operation Run display patch-information to check whether the patches loaded to the boards are correct. Run display trunkmembership eth-trunk to check whether the Ethernet ports are in the normal state. Run display ip interface to check the interface running status. Run ping to test the interface IP addresses.
Expected Result According to the patch usage guide, the patches of all the boards comply with the system configuration. The state of the Ethernet ports complies with the system running status.
Ports
Interface IP addresses
The IP addresses of all the interfaces comply with the system configuration. When you ping the interface IP addresses, the ping operation is successful.
Routing information
Run display ip routing-table protocol and display ip routingtable to check the abstract and details about the routing table and the routing information about the VPN instances. Run save to save the effective configuration of the GGSN9811, that is, save the vrpcfg.cfg file to hd1:/. Check and ensure that the CLI file configuration complies with the current configuration of the system. Run software synchronization to synchronize the configuration data of the active and standby SRUs.
The routing information is correct. The routing information consists of the currently used, non-activated, and invalid routing information.
Configuration saving
When you complete a configuration task and obtain the expected result, you must save the effective configuration in time. Thus, the configuration still takes effect after the system restarts.
3.3.3 Checking the Trace Management

This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for trace management.
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Table 3-17 Yearly maintenance for trace management Maintenance Item Trace management Operation Check whether interface tracing tasks can be created on the LMT. Check whether user tracing tasks can be created on the LMT. Check whether the trace viewing function is normal. Expected Result
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The tracing tasks can be correctly created and deleted on the LMT. The tracing results are correct, and records are not missing. The user tracing tasks can be correctly created on the LMT. The tracing results are correct, and records are not missing. The traced messages can be resolved correctly. The history tracing results can be viewed through the trace viewer.
NOTE: Message tracing may increase the central processing unit (CPU) load because of the large number of commercial network users. Therefore, do not use message tracing unless necessary.
3.3.4 Analyzing Alarms

This describes how to perform yearly maintenance for alarm analysis. Table 3-18 Yearly maintenance of alarm analysis Maintenance Item Alarm subsystem Operation You can check the persisting fault alarms and the currently reported event alarms. This operation can be performed through the LMT. Expected Result Normally, there is no fault alarm that is not cleared. If there is a fault alarm that is not cleared, refer to online help and the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Troubleshooting. The alarm box is connected properly. The alarm box correctly displays the alarms of all the severity levels.
Alarm box
Check whether the alarm box is connected properly and whether the alarm receiving function is normal.
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Maintenance Item Alarm query and analysis
Operation Run display alarm log to check the alarm log. Check whether the alarm log can be queried normally. Collect and analyze the alarms generated in the latest 30 days. Sort the alarms by the occurrence frequency. List the 10 alarms that are generated most frequently, and then analyze the causes of the frequently generated alarms.
Expected Result The alarm log can be normally queried according to the query requirement. The analysis result is reported.
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4 Guide to Special Operations
4
About This Chapter
Guide to Special Operations
This describes how to maintain the grounding system and clean the device. 4.1 Maintaining the Grounding System This describes how to maintain the grounding system. 4.2 Maintaining the Device Cleanliness This describes how to clean the device.
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4.1 Maintaining the Grounding System

This describes how to maintain the grounding system. A proper grounding system is a key factor to ensure the stable and reliable running of the GGSN9811. The grounding system protects the maintenance persons and protects the device from electrostatic discharge (ESD), electromagnetic interference (EMI), and lightning strike. 4.1.1 Checking the Grounding System This describes how to check the grounding system. 4.1.2 Measuring Grounding Resistance This describes how to measure the grounding resistance.
4.1.1 Checking the Grounding System

This describes how to check the grounding system. To ensure the stable and reliable running of the device, the grounding system of the GGSN9811 must be regularly maintained. It is recommended that you maintain the grounding system once every month.
Introduction to the Grounding System

The GGSN9811 uses the joint grounding mode. That is, the working ground (GND), protection ground (PGND), and return ground (RTN) share one grounding body. The grounding cables of all cabinets are jointed together to form an equipotential system. The grounding cables are generally yellow and green. Based on their positions, the grounding cables of the GGSN9811 are divided into several types. Refer to Table 4-1. Table 4-1 Grounding cable types of the GGSN9811 Position of Grounding Cables Between a cabinet and the grounding system Description The grounding cable of a cabinet is the cable that connects the grounding terminal of the power distribution box (PDB) to the grounding copper busbar of the DC power distribution frame (PDF). The grounding cable between two cabinets is connected from the grounding copper busbar of cabinet A to that of cabinet B. Here, cabinet A and cabinet B refer to any two cabinets. The grounding cable of the PDB connects the PDB to the grounding copper busbar. The grounding cable of the GGSN9811 subrack connects the GGSN9811 subrack to the grounding copper busbar. The grounding cables of the cabinet connect the door, top cover, and bottom of the cabinet to the grounding copper busbar.
Between two cabinets
Between components in a cabinet and the grounding copper busbar of the cabinet
Position of Grounding Cables Outside a cabinet
Description The grounding cables of peripheral devices connect peripheral devices such as the alarm box and the emergency workstation to the grounding system of the equipment room.
Checking and Maintaining the Grounding System

1. 2. 3. Check whether the grounding cables in a cabinet are damaged, aged, corroded, or burned by electrical arc. Check whether the connecting terminals and captive screws of the grounding cables in a cabinet are connected firmly and properly. Ensure that they are not corroded. Test whether all the components in a cabinet are properly grounded by using a multimeter. Adjust the multimeter to measure the resistance. Connect a probe to a certain grounding point in the equipment room. You may need to lengthen the probe cable if its length is not sufficient. Then, use another probe to measure the grounding points in the cabinet one by one. The resistance measured at each grounding point must be about one ohm. Measure the grounding resistance of the grounding network in the equipment room with an earth resistance tester. The grounding resistance must be less than 10 ohms. For the detailed operations on grounding resistance measurement, see 4.1.2 Measuring Grounding Resistance.
4.
Definition of PGND, RTN, and GND

l
PGND refers to the protection ground for the cabinets and metal shells of various devices in a cabinet. RTN is used for DC power supplies of cabinets. Generally, the positive pole of -48 V DC power is grounded in the PDF. GND refers to the working ground for functional circuits of components in a cabinet. GND consists of the digital ground and analog ground of boards and backplanes.
4.1.2 Measuring Grounding Resistance

This describes how to measure the grounding resistance.
CAUTION
l
Deploy the current pole and voltage pole in the direction vertical to the line or underground metal pipe. Do not measure the grounding resistance immediately after the rain.
Measure the grounding resistance of the grounding network in the equipment room with an earth resistance tester. Figure 4-1 shows the deployment of the voltage pole and current pole of the earth resistance tester.
Figure 4-1 Deployment of poles of the earth resistance tester

Grounding network Measurement point Voltage pole d2 d1 D Current pole
1.
The distance between the current pole and the grounding network edge is labeled as d1. The distance is usually four or five times the grounding network diagonal D in order to generate a flat potential distribution section. The distance between the voltage pole and the grounding network edge is labeled as d2. The distance is usually 50% to 60% of d1. You can move the voltage pole along the line between the grounding network and the current pole three times, with the distance of about 5% of d1 each time. If the three resistance values are close, the grounding network resistance is their average value. If increasing the length of d1 to 4D or 5D is impossible, you can increase the length of d1 to 2D and d2 to 1D in the area with even soil resistance, and 3D and 1.7D in the area with uneven soil resistance.
2. 3.
4.
4.2 Maintaining the Device Cleanliness

This describes how to clean the device. The settled dust in the air filter frame affects the ventilation ability, thus affecting the heat dissipation efficiency of the subrack. This poses a hidden risk on the stable running of the device. 4.2.1 Cleaning the Air Filter Frame This describes how to clean the air filter frame. 4.2.2 Cleaning the Air Filter Net This describes how to clean the air filter net. 4.2.3 Cleaning the Fan Module This describes how to clean the fan module. 4.2.4 Cleaning the Air Deflector This describes how to clean the air deflector.
4.2.1 Cleaning the Air Filter Frame

This describes how to clean the air filter frame. An air filter frame is located at the bottom of an N68E-22 cabinet. It filters dust and facilitates heat dissipation and ventilation. When an air filter frame absorbs excessive dust during device operation, it may decrease ventilation and heat dissipation performance, thus affecting the normal running of the device.
Therefore, you must clean air filter frames periodically in the following manner. Cleaning air filter frames once every month is recommended.
Removing the Air Filter Frame from the Cabinet

1. Open the front panel of an N68E-22 cabinet. Use a cross screwdriver to remove the two screws at the lower side pole close to the front panel, which are used to fix the air filter frame. Hold the air filter frame panel upwards until it is higher than the screws fixing grounding cables at the cabinet bottom. Pull the air filter frame lightly until it gets out of the cabinet.
2. 3.
Cleaning Air Filter Frame with Clean Water

Wash the air filter frame with clean water, wipe it using a clean cloth, and then place it in an area that is ventilated properly to dry it completely.
CAUTION
Do not insert a wet air filter frame into a cabinet. Otherwise, water and air may get into the cabinet together, causing short circuit. This can damage the device.
Mounting the Air Filter Frame Back into the Cabinet

1. 2. Push the dry air filter frame into the cabinet bottom along the guide rail smoothly, without applying force. When the air filter frame is in position, screw it into the side pole in the cabinet using cross screwdrivers.
4.2.2 Cleaning the Air Filter Net

This describes how to clean the air filter net. An air filter net is located on the inside front panel of an N68E-22 cabinet. It filters dust and facilitates heat dissipation and ventilation. When an air filter net absorbs excessive dust during device operation, it may decrease ventilation and heat dissipation performance, thus affecting the normal running of the device. Therefore, you must clean air filter nets periodically in the following manner. Cleaning air filter nets once every month is recommended.
Removing the Air Filter Net from the Inside Front Panel of the Cabinet
1. 2. Open the front panel of an N68E-22 cabinet. The panel opening must be more than 120 degrees. You can find a black net (air filter net) attached to the upper panel. Climb a ladder, and tear the net away the panel.
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CAUTION
Before removing the air filter net, open the front panel until the panel opening is more than 120 degrees. Thus, the dust that falls from the air filter net does not dirty the components in the cabinet when you remove the air filter net.
Cleaning the Air Filter Net with Clean Water

1. 2. Clean the place where the air filter net is attached by using a neat and dry cotton yarn cloth. Wash the air filter net with clean water. Dehydrate it with a spin-drier and finally dry it in a ventilated place.
CAUTION
Do not insert a wet air filter net into a cabinet. Otherwise, water and air may get into the cabinet together, causing short circuit. This can damage the device.
Mounting the Air Filter Net Back into the Cabinet

Climb up a ladder, and bind the clean and dry air filter net to the original place.
4.2.3 Cleaning the Fan Module

This describes how to clean the fan module. A fan module is located at the bottom of the GGSN9811 subrack and is a part of the GGSN9811 subrack. It works as a driver for ventilation and air intake for the GGSN9811 subrack. The impellers and control circuit boards in a fan module absorb dust when the fan module is running. A thick layer of dust affects running of the fan module and harms the environment of the GGSN9811 subrack. This in turn, affects the stable running of the device. Therefore, to ensure long-term stability of the device, you must clean the fan modules regularly in the following manner. Cleaning the fan modules once every year is recommended.
Cleaning the Spare Fan Module

Clean the fan blades and circuit boards in the spare fan module using a clean cloth made of cotton yarn, an antistatic soft brush, and a vacuum cleaner. After the cleaning, the fan module must be free from dust.
Replacing a Fan Module to Be Cleaned

1. 2. 3. Open the front panel of an N68E-22 cabinet, and remove the two screws fixing the fan module using a cross screwdriver. Draw the fan module slowly until it gets out of the GGSN9811 subrack. Mount the clean spare fan module into the GGSN9811 subrack quickly. Tighten the two screws fixing the fan module into the side posts of the GGSN9811 subrack using a cross screwdriver.
4-6
CAUTION
Replace the fan module within five minutes. Otherwise, the secure and stable running of the GGSN9811 subrack is seriously affected.
Cleaning the Replaced Fan Module

Clean the fan blades and circuit boards in the replaced fan module using a clean cloth made of cotton yarn, an antistatic soft brush, and a vacuum cleaner. After the cleaning, the replaced fan module serves as a spare fan module.
Cleaning Other Fan Modules

Repeat the previous two steps to replace the other running fan modules in the rack and clean them one by one in the same way.
4.2.4 Cleaning the Air Deflector

This describes how to clean the air deflector. Each of the GGSN9811 subracks in the N68E-22 cabinet is equipped with an air deflector at the bottom except the GGSN9811 subrack mounted at the very bottom of the cabinet. An air deflector acts as the air intake vent and facilitates heat dissipation of the above GGSN9811 subrack. The air deflectors absorb dust in the air when they are operating. A thick layer of dust harms the environment of the GGSN9811 subrack. This in turn, affects the stable running of the device. Therefore, to ensure long-term stability of the device, you must clean the air deflectors regularly in the following manner. Cleaning the air deflectors once every year is recommended.
Removing an Air Deflector from the Cabinet

1. 2. Open the front panel of an N68E-22 cabinet. Use a cross screwdriver to remove the two screws at the side post close to the front panel, which are used to fix the air deflector. Draw the air deflector slowly until it gets out of the subrack.
Cleaning the Air Deflector

Clean the replaced air deflector using a clean cloth made of cotton yarn, an antistatic soft brush, and a vacuum cleaner. After the cleaning, the air deflector must be free from dust.
Mounting the Air Deflector Back into the Cabinet

Mount the clean air deflector into the cabinet. Tighten the four screws fixing the air deflector into the side posts of the cabinet using a cross screwdriver.
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5 Maintenance Commands and Tools
Maintenance Commands and Tools
About This Chapter

This describes the common commands and tools used for routine maintenance. 5.1 Maintenance Commands This describes the common commands used for routine maintenance. 5.2 Maintenance Tools This describes the common tools used for routine maintenance.
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5.1 Maintenance Commands

This describes the common commands used for routine maintenance.
System Management Commands

Table 5-1 Maintenance commands for system management Maintenanc e Item Backing up files Command Function This command is used to back up configuration data of the GGSN9811 to the GGSN9811. The configuration data consists of configuration files and data files. This command is used to create a folder in the specified path. If the path is not specified, the folder is created in the current path. You cannot create a folder with the same name as that of an existing folder. This command is used to delete an empty folder. If the path is not specified, the empty folder of the current path is deleted by default. The folder to be deleted must be empty. If the folder is not empty, you cannot delete the folder. This command is used to view the current folder or file list. This command is used to load the software from the main control board of the GGSN9811 to the specific board that runs the software. This command is used to list the software version that is stored on the GGSN9811. This command is used to load patch files from the main control board of the GGSN9811 to the board where the patch software is expected to run. This command is used to list the types, versions, and units of the current patches in the system.
CLI Command configfile backup
Creating a folder
mkdir
Deleting a folder
rmdir
Displaying the current folder Forcibly loading software Displaying the software version Loading patch files
dir
software download
display version
patch load
Displaying patch files
display patch-information
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Maintenanc e Item Displaying operation logs Setting the system date and time Displaying the system time Setting the time zone Setting the DST Displaying the DST Displaying board memory utilization Saving the current system configuration
Command Function This command is used to query the operation logs of the system. This command is used to set the system date and time of the GGSN9811. This command is used to view the system time of the GGSN9811. This command is used to set the information about the time zone. This command is used to set the information about the daylight saving time (DST). This command is used to view the configured time zone and DST information. This command is used to view the memory utilization of a specific board.
CLI Command display operlog
clock datetime
display clock
clock timezone clock daylight-saving-time
display clock
display memory-usage
This command is used to save the validated configurations of the GGSN9811 to the hard disk.
save
Device Management Commands

Table 5-2 Maintenance commands for device management Maintenanc e Item Displaying the subrack ESN Displaying the CPU utilization of a board Command Function This command is used to query the electronic serial number (ESN) of a specific subrack. This command is used to query the CPU utilization of a specific board. If the CPU utilization is extremely high, an alarm is generated. CLI Command display license esn
display cpu-usage
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Maintenanc e Item Displaying the status of the Ethernet port Resetting boards Resetting the system
Command Function This command is used to query the member information about the specific Eth-trunk interface. This command is used to reset the specific boards. This command is used to reset the entire system.
CLI Command display trunkmembership eth-trunk
reset slot reboot
Resource Management Commands

Table 5-3 Maintenance commands for resource management Maintenanc e Item Ping function Command Function This command is used to test the network connectivity and network quality. This command is used to test gateways by tracing the data packets that are transmitted from the source host to the destination. Thus, it helps to locate faults and check network connectivity. This command is used to query the current running status of all interfaces. CLI Command ping
Tracert function
tracert
Displaying the running status of interfaces Displaying the information about users Displaying the information about the routing table of a specified protocol
display ip interface
This command is used to list information about all the users.
display users
This command is used to query the information about the routing table of a specified protocol.
display ip routing-table protocol
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Maintenanc e Item Displaying the abstract about the IPv4 routing table Displaying the system license Displaying the maximum bandwidth of APNs Displaying the maximum number of PDP contexts Displaying the information about PDP contexts Displaying the number of online users
Command Function This command is used to view the abstract about the IPv4 routing table.
CLI Command display ip routing-table
This command is used to view the current configurations about the license. This command is used to view the maximum bandwidth of APNs.
display license config
display max-bandwidth
This command is used to view the maximum number of Packet Data Protocol (PDP) contexts. This command is used to view the information about the specified users or all the PDP contexts.
display max-pdpnumber
display pdpcontext
This command is used to view the number of online users.
display user-number
Alarm Management Commands

Table 5-4 Maintenance commands for alarm management Maintenanc e Item Displaying alarms of the power distribution box Displaying the status of alarm indicators Command Function This command is used to view the current alarms of the power distribution box (PDB). CLI Command display alarm-box active
This command is used to query the number of alarms indicated by all the alarm indicators in terms of severity levels.
display alarm-box light
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Maintenanc e Item Manually stopping alarm indicators from blinking Displaying alarm logs Displaying the version number of the alarm box Resetting the alarm box Manually stopping alarm sounds
Command Function This command is used to stop an alarm indicator from blinking. The alarm severity level and alarm box where the alarm indicator resides can be specified. This command is used to view the alarm logs based on the specific conditions. This command is used to view the version of the currently used alarm box.
CLI Command alarm-box clear-light
display alarm log display alarm-box version
This command is used to reset the alarm box. This command is used to stop alarm sounds of the alarm box.
alarm-box reset alarm-box clear-sound
5.2 Maintenance Tools

This describes the common tools used for routine maintenance. The maintenance tools are the information collection tool, trace viewer, monitor viewer, and performance browser tool. For details on the information collection tool, refer to Collecting Fault Information by Using the Information Collect Tool in the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Emergency Maintenance. For details on the trace viewer, monitor viewer, and performance browser tool, refer to the related contents in the HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Operation Guide.
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6 Maintenance Record Tables
6
About This Chapter
Maintenance Record Tables
This lists the common tables used to record routine maintenance. 6.1 Daily Maintenance Records This lists the table used to record daily maintenance. 6.2 Monthly Maintenance Records This lists the table used to record monthly maintenance. 6.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks This lists the table used to record yearly maintenance. 6.4 Data Modification Records This lists the table used to record data modifications. 6.5 Emergency Fault Handling Records This lists the table used to record emergency fault handling. 6.6 Unscheduled Service Processing Records This lists the table used to record unscheduled service processing. 6.7 Board Replacement Records This lists the table used to record board replacement.
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6.1 Daily Maintenance Records

This lists the table used to record daily maintenance. Table 6-1 Daily maintenance records Office name: On duty time: from (hh:mm) to (hh:mm) Maintenance Item Equipmen t room environm ent Environment Temperature Humidity Fire control Heat dissipation Dust proof Theft proof Power supply system Power supply for cabinets Power supply for subracks Power supply for the LAN Switch Power supply for the firewall Power supply for the server Maintena nce terminal LMT running status LMT file output Monitor on the power distribution box Maintenance date: Handed over from: Status Good Bad Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Good Bad Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Taken by: Remarks Operator
Alarm system
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Office name: On duty time: from (hh:mm) to (hh:mm) Maintenance Item Monitor on the SRU Monitor on the alarm box Monitor on the alarm management system Alarm query and analysis Performan ce managem ent system Performance measurement results Performance measurement objects Performance measurement periods Device running Board running status Interface running status IP statistics CPU utilization of the specific board Operation logs Board patches Exception conditions and handling records Outstandi ng issues
Maintenance date: Handed over from: Status Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Taken by: Remarks Operator
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6.2 Monthly Maintenance Records

This lists the table used to record monthly maintenance. Table 6-2 Monthly maintenance records Office name: Maintenance month: (Year) (Month) Maintenance Item Grounding cables Cable connection Voltage measurement Grounding cable connection Grounding resistance test Cable connections Trunk cable connection Network cable connection Fiber connection Cable connection among cabinets Device cleanliness Air filter Fan module Air deflector System resources System license Maximum bandwidth and maximum number of PDP contexts of an APN Number of activated PDP contexts Number of online users Date: Maintenance personnel: Status Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Done Undone Done Undone Done Undone Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Remarks Operator
Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal

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Office name: Maintenance month: (Year) (Month) Maintenance Item System time System time Time of the LMT Maintenance terminal Disk space of the maintenance terminal (computer) where the LMT is installed Virus clearance of the computer where the LMT is installed Operating system patches of the computer where the LMT is installed File backup Configuration file backup Memory of boards Spare parts Storage environment of spare parts Quantity of spare parts Exception conditions and handling records Outstanding issues
Date: Maintenance personnel: Status Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Remarks Operator
Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal
Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Done Undone Done Undone
6.3 Yearly Maintenance Tasks

This lists the table used to record yearly maintenance.
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Table 6-3 Yearly maintenance tasks Office name: Maintenance month: (Year) (Month) Maintenance Item Networ k manag ement system LMT M2000 SNMP Connection of the remote maintenance terminal Device manag ement Board Version Patch Interface IP address of the interface Routing information Configuration saving Trace manag ement Alarm analysi s Trace management Date: Maintenance personnel: Status Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Normal Abnormal Done Undone Remarks Operator
Fault management system Alarm box Query and analysis of alarm information
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Office name: Maintenance month: (Year) (Month) Maintenance Item Excepti on conditi ons and handlin g records Outsta nding issues
Date: Maintenance personnel: Status Remarks Operator
6.4 Data Modification Records

This lists the table used to record data modifications. Table 6-4 Data modification records Office name: Modification Cause Modified Contents Date: Modifica tion Time Modifi ed by Appro ved by
6.5 Emergency Fault Handling Records

This lists the table used to record emergency fault handling.
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Table 6-5 Emergency fault handling records Office name: Time of fault occurrence: Person on duty: Fault classifications: Power supply system Environment system Signaling system Hardware system Eth-Trunk system Communication failure Operating system Software system Service quality Processing error Fault sources: User complaint Alarm system Daily maintenance Others Fault description: Solution and results: Maintenance date: Time of fault clearance: Handled by:
6.6 Unscheduled Service Processing Records

This lists the table used to record unscheduled service processing. Table 6-6 Unscheduled service processing records Office name: Time of fault occurrence: Person on duty: Maintenance Item Maintenance Content Maintenance date: Time of fault clearance: Handled by: Operation Guide Refer to the operation documents and troubleshooting documents.
Software and Notification department hardware and notification number: maintenance according to the related notification Complaint test Complaint from, complaint number, complaint content, and handling result:
Refer to the operation documents and troubleshooting documents. For the judgment standards of test items, refer to the acceptance manual.
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6.7 Board Replacement Records

This lists the table used to record board replacement. Table 6-7 Board replacement records Office name: Replace ment Cause Type of the Replaced Board Maintenance date: Type of the New Board Quantity of the Replaced Boards Replacem ent Date Mainten ance Personne l
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Index
Index
D
daily maintenance task alarm system, 3-5 equipment room environment, 3-2 local maintenance terminal (LMT) system, 3-5 performance system, 3-7 power supply system, 3-4 service operation, 3-7 trace management, 3-16
M
maintaining the device cleanness cleaning the air deflector, 4-7 cleaning the air filter frame, 4-4 cleaning the air filter net, 4-5 cleaning the fan module, 4-6 monthly maintenance task cable connection, 3-9 device cleanness, 3-10 maintenance terminal, 3-12 spare part check, 3-13 system data backup, 3-13 system resource, 3-11 time system, 3-12
R
requirement for equipment room environment air cleanness, 1-5 electromagnetic radiation resistance, 1-7 electrostatic discharge (ESD) prevention, 1-8 lightning protection grounding, 1-11 mechanical stress, 1-14 relative humidity, 1-5 temperature, 1-3 temperature variation, 1-4
Y
yearly maintenance task alarm analysis, 3-17 device management, 3-15 network management system, 3-14
Issue 02 (2008-12-25)
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HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance

3 Guide to Routine Maintenance...............................................................................................3-1

4 Guide to Special Operations....................................................................................................4-1

5 Maintenance Commands and Tools.......................................................................................5-1

6 Maintenance Record Tables.....................................................................................................6-1

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HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance

1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

Overview of Routine Maintenance

About This Chapter

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1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

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1.1 Definition of Routine Maintenance

1.2 Basic Principles of Routine Maintenance

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1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

1.3 Requirements for Equipment Room Environment

1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

HUAWEI GGSN9811 Gateway GPRS Support Node Routine Maintenance

Effects on Device Running

1.3.2 Temperature Variation

Effects on Device Running

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1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

1.3.3 Relative Humidity

Effects on Device Running

1.3.4 Air Cleanliness

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Effects on Device Running

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1 Overview of Routine Maintenance

1.3.5 Electromagnetic Radiation Resistance

Effects on Device Running

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Impact on Communication Devices

1.3.6 Electrostatic Discharge Prevention

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