A Report on the precautionary measures that can be implemented in the infrastructure, communication and transportation so as to have minimal losses.

In Infrastructure The process includes assessments of: o Protection - Can be defined as the state of being defended, safeguarded, or shielded from injury, loss, or destruction from natural or unnatural forces. o Vulnerability The quality of being susceptible to attack or injury, warranted or unwarranted, by accident or by design. o Risk The possibility or likelihood of being attacked or injured. o Mitigation The ability to alleviate, reduce, or moderate a vulnerability, thus reducing or eliminating risk. In Communication

Mobile phone ban at filling stations

The ban of mobile phone use at filling stations is not related to the electromagnetic fields of mobile phones. Here, the danger lies with the rechargeable battery, as with all electrical mobile devices: If a mobile phone is dropped on the ground during a call and the battery falls out, it is possible that it might send out sparks that could cause the inflammable gases from the tank or the petrol pump to explode. This remains theoretical, as no such accident has ever happened worldwide. a. Internet users are advised to install IDD locking function in telephone lines and use this function when they visit web sites. b. Internet users should avoid downloading software of unknown origin from the web sites they visited. c. Internet users are advised to switch off their modems before they test and use downloaded software if their telephone lines do not have IDD locking function. If they use computers with built-in modems, they may consider removing telephone lines temporarily from the computers. d. Internet users are reminded to read all information carefully before clicking "Yes" because some web sites in fact contain explicit information or warning messages to tell the users that an IDD call will be made and payment will be made based on the IDD charges incurred. They need to understand that they are responsible for the long distance calls made from their telephone lines.

e. When visiting web sites which use languages that they are not familiar with (such as Japanese and French), Internet users should think carefully before clicking "yes". f. Parents are advised to use special Internet filters which are designed to block out offensive material from the Internet. Software packages providing such filtering tools are available in the market. g. Parents are recommended to make sure that their children understand how to use the Internet with care. It is important for parents to be vigilant about their children's behaviour on the web and provide them with sufficient guidance and advice. In Transportation Using Mobile Phones and Visual Display Units Using a mobile phone while driving is banned except to make or receive a phone call Child Restraints From 30 November 2009 all children under four years of age must wear an approved child restraint when travelling in a car for improved safety. Seatbelts It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure that all passengers in the car are wearing a seatbelt or a child restraint. Drivers must now also ensure that adult passengers wear a seatbelt Cyclists The changes are about bicycle passengers wearing an approved helmet and using the proper seat, and for cyclists turning from, and stopping in, bicycle storage areas at intersections with traffic signals Pedestrians Pedestrians will now be required to walk along a road on the same side as and facing oncoming traffic unless it is impracticable to do so Motorised Scooters (ie 'Wheeled Recreational Devices') For the purposes of the Road Rules these low powered motorised scooters will be treated the same as riders of foot-powered scooters, skateboards and rollerblades (ie 'wheeled recreational devices') Parking Stopping to park in a slip lane or on a painted island will be prohibited. A slip lane is an area of road for vehicles turning left.

Front Fog Lights The new road rules now require that a driver of a vehicle fitted with front fog lights (or rear fog lights) must not operate the fog lights unless the driver is driving in fog or other hazardous weather conditions causing reduced visibility