Values

Societal Good or Collective Good: refers to the

good of the entire community; commonly defined like utilitarianism--the greatest good for the greatest number

Individualism: the furtherance and growth of the

individual usually created by the exercise of Individual rights.

atural !ights: "ife# liberty# and $ro$erty.

atural rights $lus the civil rights granted to an individual by his $articular society.

Individual !ights:

"iberty: freedom from o$$ression Sanctity of "ife : refers to the inherent value of life;
life is good no matter what its condition

%uality of "ife: refers to the standard of living; life is

valuable based u$on what conditions under which one is living

&ignity: !es$ect for the inherent worth of man 'rivacy: (reedom from the knowledge or interference
of others

)arket$lace of Ideas *nvironment in which all

views+o$inions are heard and considered and the best

one chosen as a course of action for society or as a $ersonal belief.

*,uality: comes in two forms: e,uality of o$$ortunity

-everyone has the same chance to achieve something. and e,uality of outcome -everyone gets the same amount of a commodity# such as money.. )ake sure you ex$lain which ty$e of e,uality you are valuing in your case.

/ustice: /ustice has many definitions. !efer to my

recommended reading $age for a list.

Safety+Security: 0ust look it u$ in the dictionary 1rder: 0ust look it u$ in the dictionary

Criteria
Social Contract: the agreement the individual makes
with the government which states that the individual will allow his rights to be limited in exchange for the government2s $rotection. It is im$ortant to know that we enter the social contract by tacit consent# meaning that the social contract is not a $iece of $a$er that we sign; instead we agree to it by acce$ting benefits from the government.

!eci$rocity: the idea that because we take benefits

from society+government such as the $rotection of our rights# we have an obligation to contribute to that society#

for instance# by $aying taxes# serving 0ury duty# and serving in the military.

&eontology: moral $hiloso$hy which says actions are

moral or immoral based u$on their intention rather than their conse,uences Categorical Im$erative: deontological moral $hiloso$hy of Immanuel 3ant which consists of 4 $rongs: -5. 6ct so that you can at the same time will that your maxim should become a universal law of nature. -7. 6ct so that you treat humanity# both yourself and others# never merely as a means# but always as an ends. -4. 6ll maxims $roceeding from our own making of law ought to harmoni8e with a $ossible kingdom of ends as a kingdom of nature.

9eleology: moral theory which 0udges actions by their

conse,uences rather than their intentions. 'ut sim$ly# it says that the ends 0ustify the means.

:tilitarianism: the greatest good for the greatest

number -/.S. )ill. or the greatest good for the greatest number for the longest $eriod of time.

Cost-;enefit 6nalysis: a real-world standard which

evaluates an action by weighing its $otential costs versus its $otential benefits.