Lesson #1: North v.

South (60 minutes)

Essential Questions a. What were the different political, economical, and social perspectives of the North and South? b. What conflicts developed between the northern and southern states in the years following the American Revolution and led to the Civil War? c. What role did slavery play in Virginias economy? d. Why did these differences lead to Virginia seceding from the Union? NCSS Themes NCSS Themes Addressed: o III: People, Places, and Environments o VII: Production, Distribution, and Consumption Objectives VS. 7a Students will be able to demonstrate knowledge of the issues that divided our nation and led to the Civil War by a) Identifying the events and differences between northern and southern states that divided Virginians and led to secession. SOL Research: 4.6 The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of nonfiction texts i) Use prior knowledge and build additional background knowledge as context for new learning. j) Identify new information gained from reading Students will be able to o Determine cause-and-effect relationships. (VS.1b)

Materials for Learning Activities Students will need pencil, Social Studies notebook, Virginias Civil War essential knowledge handout, and Our Virginia: Past and Present social studies textbook. Teacher will need anchor chart, markers, white board, expo markers map of Northern and Southern states, and Virginias Civil War essential knowledge handout.

Introduction Whole Group 15 minutes o Teacher will define Civil War, A war between citizens of the same country.

o Teacher will instruct students to spend 5 minutes writing down everything they know or think they know about the Civil War in sentence or bulleted form (names, places, people, causes etc.) o Teacher will have students share their answers. o Teacher will inform students that there were many reasons that led to the American Civil War and over the next few weeks we will learn why the war took place. o Teacher will select a student to pass out Virginias Civil War essential knowledge and Venn diagram handout Partner work 30 minutes o Teacher will instruct students that they have 30 minutes to use their prior knowledge, chart, and textbooks to help fill out the essential knowledge handout. o Teacher will draw a Venn diagram on the white board and instruct students that with partners they will fill out a similar diagram on their essential knowledge handout. Students will write down the differences between the two sides leading up to the Civil War, focusing on their economies. Teacher will label one side Northern states and the other side Southern states. Answers may look like but not be restricted to: (answers will be reviewed after partner work) South: Slaves, plantations, farms, agricultural, tobacco, cotton. North: Industrialized, cities, factories did not need slave labor. Same: States in the USA fought against British, one country, etc. o Students will select their own partners and workspace. After 30 minutes students will regroup on the carpet to review. o Teacher will instruct students to discuss with partners, Why would the differences between the economies of the north and south be a reason to go to war? and be ready to discuss (extension) Closing Whole Group 15 minutes o Students will regroup on carpet. o Teacher will ask students what answers they came up to the question, Why would the difference between the northern and southern economies be a reason to go to war? (extension) o Teacher and students will review selected questions from handout; teacher will answer questions students may have.

o Students will discuss how the difference in economies was only part of the cause of the Civil War and that over the next few social studies classes they will be putting on their historian hats and uncovering WHY the Civil War began. o For homework students will be asked to define the word Abolition and answer the question, What is an abolitionist? (connection) Extensions: o Students will create a KWHL sheet in their reflection notebooks during writing. Students will update this chart during the entire unit.

Assessment Students will be assessed by their completion of the North v. South Venn Diagram. Students will be assessed on their participation in whole group and partner work. Students will be assessed on their ability to properly use and find answers in textbook. Students will be assessed by their ability to recognize multiple differences between North and South (Economies, state rights, slavery, free state v. slave state, etc.) Students social studies notebook will be collected at end of Civil War unit for grade. Differentiation Visual learners will have access to see anchor chart and white board for written out definitions. Verbal learners will be able to orally explain their thinking in whole group and partner settings. Intrapersonal learners will have opportunity to work in partners and whole group setting. Students will choose own partners and workspace.

Lesson plan by Mr. Youngberg George Mason University EDCI 554