Chapter1installation 1.RedHatEnterpriseLinux5supportsLUKSencryption.TrueorFalse? 2.InRedHatEnterpriseLinux6,SELinuxissettoEnforcingbydefaultduring theinstallation.TrueorFalse? 3.Whichremotemanagementserviceisinstalledbydefault?Canyounamethe portthatituses? 4.YoucaninstallsoftwarepackagesonlyafterRedHatEnterpriseLinuxisinstalled. TrueorFalse? 5.Thedefaultpartitionlayoutincludesonlybasicpartitions.TrueorFalse? 6.Whichfilecontainsallmessagesgeneratedduringinstallationthatcanbeused fortroubleshootingiftheneedarises? AnswerstoReviewQuestions 1.False.RedHatEnterpriseLinux6istheonlyversionthatofficiallysupports LUKSencryption. 2.True.

.InRedHatEnterpriseLinux6,thedefaultforSELinuxisEnforcingduring installation(whichcanbechangedaftertheinstallationcompletes).ForRed HatEnterpriseLinux5,youwereabletochoosewhatmodeyouwanted SELinuxtostartin. 3.TheSSHserviceisalmostalwaysinstalledbydefaultinRedHat.ItusesTCP port22,andthisportisopenonthedefaultfirewallrules. 4.False.Thepackageselectionscreenallowsyoutoinstallanysoftwareyou wantduringtheinstallationprocessaslongasyouhaveaccesstothecorrect packagesorrepositories. 5.False.ThedefaultpartitionlayoutforRedHatEnterpriseLinux5or6includes theuseofLVM. 6.Theinstall.log.syslogfilecontainsmessagesthataregeneratedduringthe installation. Ifyourunintotroubleduringtheinstallation,thisisagoodplaceto

8.Howcanyoulistallservicesonthesystemtotellwhethertheywillbootduring startup? 9.WhatdoesS12rsysloginthe/etc/rc.d/rc2.ddirectorymean? 10.HowcanyouverifythestatusoftheSSHserviceafterthesystemhasbooted? 11.Whatcommandandoptioncanyouusetoenableaservicetostartonboot AnswerstoReviewQuestions 1.Stage1:Duringthisstage,theprimarybootloaderisreadintomemorybythe BIOSfromtheMBR.Stage1.5:Duringthisstage,thebootloaderisreadinto memorybythestage1bootloader(onlyifnecessary).Stage2:Duringthis stage,thebootloaderreadstheoperatingsystemorkernel. 2.ByenteringtheGRUBbootmenu,youcanchoosetheaoptiontoappend somethingtothekernelcommandlineoptions. 3.Upstart.TheUpstartutilityisnowusedinthebootprocessforRedHat EnterpriseLinux6. 4.False.Runlevel0haltsthesystem.Runlevel6rebootsthesystem. 5.False.Mostbootissuescanberesolvedbyenteringrescuemodeandrepairing theproblem. 6.Theservicecommandisusedtostart,stop,andmanagesystemservices. 7.chkconfigsshdoff 8.chkconfiglist 9.Whenthesystementersintorunlevel2,thersyslogservicehasapriorityof12 whenstarting.Anythingwithalowernumber(orthesamenumberandlower firstletter)startsbeforethersyslogservice. 10.servicesshdstatuts 11.Usethechkconfigcommandtoenableordisableservicesduringtheboot process.Theonoptionenablestheserviceandoffdisablesit Chapter3 1.Whatoptionisusedwithboththefdiskandpartedcommandstodisplaythe currentpartitiontables?

1.Theprintoptionisusedwithboththefdiskandpartedcommandstodisplay thecurrentpartitiontables. 2.Thepartprobecommandforcesthekerneltorereadthepartitiontable.You shouldalwayscallitaftermakinganychangestoyoursystempartitions. 3.Whenyouexitthepartedutility,allyourchangesareautomaticallywrittento disk.Withthefdiskcommand,youneedtomanuallywriteyourchangesto diskforthemtotakeeffect. 4.RAID0(Striping),RAID1(Mirror),andRAID5(Stripingwithparity). 5.cat/proc/mdstat 6.Thisisactuallyatrickquestionbecausetheanswercouldgoeitherway.Inthis chapter,wediscussedonlysoftwareRAIDsetups,inwhichcasetheansweris no.If,however,youwereusingahardwareRAID5,theanswerwouldbeyes. 7.Physicalvolumes,volumegroups,andlogicalvolumes. 8.Ifyoushrinkavolumegrouporlogicalvolume,thereisachanceyoucould losedatadependingonhowmuchyoushrinkthevolume. 9.Youhavetheflexibilitytoresizeandaddnewvolumesonthefly.Withbasic partitions,anytimethatyouwanttomakeachange,youneedtodestroythe partitionandcreateitagain. 10.lvdisplay Chapter4 1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenanext2andext3filesystem? 2.Whatcommandcanyouusetocreateafilesystem? 3.Canyougrowafilesystem? 4.Whatisthesuperblockusedfor? 5.Whatisaswap?Isitcreatedasapartitionordevicefile? 6.Howcanyoucheckthecurrentlymountedfilesystems? 7.Whatfileneedstobeeditedsothatthesystemwillmountafilesystemat boottime? 8.Beforeyouworkwithquotas,whatdoyouneedtodotothefilesystem? 9.Whatcommanddoyouusetochangethepermissionsonafileordirectory? Tochangeownership? 10.Explainthedifferencebetweensoftandhardlimitsinquotas. 11.Whatcommanddoyouusetoreportinformationonquotausage? 12.BeforeyouworkwithACLs,whatdoyouneedtodotothefilesystem? 13.WhatcommandcanyouusetoviewthecurrentACLonafile? AnswerstoReviewQuestions 1.Anext3filesystemhasjournalingbuiltintoit,whereastheext2filesystemdoesnt. 2.mkfs.ext4 3.Yes.Usetheresize2fscommandtogrowafilesystem. 4.Thesuperblockisastructurethatcontainsmetadataofthefilesystem.Ifthis becomescorrupt,youareintrouble.

Start 2.Whatdoesthepartprobecommanddo? 3.Doyouneedtowritechangestothediskwhenusingthepartedcommand? Chapter2 Whataboutfdisk? 1.GRUBhasthreestages.Canyounamethem? 4.WhatarethethreedifferenttypesofRAIDdescribedinthischapter? 2.WhatoptionattheGRUBbootmenucanyouusetoappendsomethingto 5.Whatcommandcanyouusetoqueryinformationfromthekernelabout akernel? RAIDarrays? 3.TheoldSysInitscriptshavebeenreplacedinRedHatEnterpriseLinux6for 6.Canyouputyour/bootpartitiononaRAID5array? whatnewbootutility? 7.WhatarethethreeitemsthatmakeupLVM? 4.Runlevel0rebootsthesystem.TrueorFalse? 8.Whatarethesideeffectsofshrinkingavolumegrouporlogicalvolume? 5.Ifyoursystemcrashesandbecomesunbootable,youhavetoreinstallthe 9.WhatisthebiggestbenefittousingLVMoverbasicpartitions? wholeoperatingsystem.TrueorFalse? 10.Whatcommandcanyouusetogetinformationaboutlogicalvolumes 6.Whatcommandcanyouusetomanagesystemservices? AnswerstoReviewQuestions 7.WhatcommanddisablestheSSHservicefromrunningwhenthesystemboots?

5.Aswapisscratchspaceonyourfilesystemusedasvirtualmemory.Aswapcan becreatedasapartitionoradevicefile. 6.Themountcommandlistsallcurrentlymountedfilesystems. 7.The/etc/fstabfile. 8.Thefilesystemwherequotaswillbeimplementedmustbemountedwiththe usrquotaandgrpquotaoptionsbeforequotaswillworkproperly. 9.Thechmodcommandisusedtochangethepermissionsoffilesanddirectories. Thechowncommandisusedtochangetheownershipoffilesanddirectories. 10.Asoftlimitactslikeanalarm,signalingyouwhenyouarereachingyourlimit. Ifyoudontspecifyagraceperiod,thesoftlimitisthemax.Ahardlimitisrequired onlywhenagraceperiodexists.Itisthemaxlimityoucanhitbefore yourgraceperiodexpires. 11.repquota 12.ThefilesystemwhereACLswillbeimplementedmustbemountedwiththe acloptionbeforeACLswillworkproperly. 13.getfacl Chapter5 1.WhatcommanddisplaysyourcurrentinterfacesandIPaddress? 2.Whatdoesifconfig172.168.1.100netmask255.255.255.0eth1do? 3.Whatcommandcanyouusetotestconnectivitytoanotherhost? 4.Whatdoesitmeanifyoupingahostandyoureceivetheresponse DestinationUnreachable? 5.Whatisagatewayusedforonanetwork? 6.Howwouldyougoaboutcreatingastaticroute? 7.Whatcommandcanyouusetomonitorandtroubleshootnetworkconnections? 8.CanyounamethreeutilitiesthatcanbeusedfornetworkorDNSclient troubleshooting? 9.Whatisthe/etc/hostsfileusedfor? 1.ifconfig 2.Thiscommandsetstheeth1interfacetohaveastaticIPaddressof 172.168.1.100withanetmaskof255.255.255.0. 3.Thepingcommandcanbeusedtoverifyconnectivitytoanotherhost. 4.Thegatewayisincorrectlyset,andthesubnetofthehostyouaretryingto reachisinaccessible. 5.Agatewayisusedasanentryandexitpointforasubnetonanetwork.Tocontact hostsoutsideyoursubnet,youneedtopassthroughagateway. 6.Usetheroutecommandwiththeaddoptiontocreateastaticroute. 7.Thetcpdumpcommandisusedtomonitornetworkconnectionsondifferent interfaces. 8.Thethreeutilitiesare:route,ping,andnslookup. 9.The/etc/hostsfileisalocallookupfileusedtomapIPaddressestohostnames

ifaDNSserverisntavailable