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Section A Bahagian A [ 60 marks] [ 60 markah ] Answer all questions in this section Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. 1 Table 1.1 shows five substances and their respective formulae Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan lima bahan dengan formula kimia masing-masing. Substance Bahan !odine Iodin #ithium Li hium Acetamide. !se amida (a)nesium o*ide "agnesium oksida opper o*ide #u$rum oksida hemical formula Formula kimia !" #i $% &'$" ()& u&

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+a,

Table 1.1 Jadual 1.1 State one compound from Table 1 which e*ists as a molecule %&a akan sa u seba ian dari Jadual 1 &ang wujud sebagai molekul. -----------------------------------. [1 mark]

+b,

'ame the process of chan)e in state of matter when solid iodine is heated to form iodine )as. %amakan $roses $erubahan keadaan jirim a$abila $e$ejal iodine menjadi gas a$abila di$anaskan -----------------------------------. [1 mark]

+c,

.raph 1." shows the temperature a)ainst time when liquid acetamide is cooled from /0o to %0o . 'raf 1.( menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa a$abila )e)air a)e amida disejukkan dari *0o+ ke$ada ,0o+.

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Temperature0o /0

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1" %0 Time0s t0 t1 t" .raph 1." +i, 2hat is meant b3 free4in) point 5 !$akah &ang dimaksudkan dengan aka beku --------------------------------... [1 mark] 6ased on .raph 1."7 state the free4in) point of acetamide. Berdasarkan 'raf 1.(. n&a akan aka beku bagi a)e amida. --------------------------------... [1 mark] 8*plain wh3 there is no chan)e in temperature from t1 to t" . /erangkan menga$a iada $erubahan suhu dari 1 ke (. --------------------------------... --------------------------------... [" marks] +d, 9ia)ram 1.% represent an atomic structure of lithium atom. 0ajah 1., mewakili s ruk ur a om bagi a om li ium. t%

+ii,

+iii,

9ia)ram 1.%

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+i,

3
2hat do the s3mbols below represent 5 !$akah &ang diwakili oleh simbol-simbol di bawah.

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[1 mark]

+ii,

alculate the nucleon number of lithium. 1i ungkan nombor nukleon bagi li ium. [1 mark]

+e,

8mpirical formulae for ma)nesium o*ide and copper o*ide can be determine b3 two different method. Formula em$irik bagi magnesium oksida dan ku$rum oksida boleh di en ukan dengan dua kaedah &ang berbe2a. :ou are )iven combustion tube with a small hole at the end7 )lass tube7 retort stand and clamp7 stopper7 copper o*ide and dr3 h3dro)en. 9raw the set;up of apparatus for the e*periment to determine empirical formula of copper o*ide. !nda dibekalkan dengan iub $embakaran berlubang ke)il dihujungn&a. iub ka)a. kaki re o dengan $emegang. gabus. ku$rum oksida dan gas hidrogen kering. Lukiskan susunan radas bagi eks$erimen menen ukan formula em$irik ku$rum oksida.

[" marks]

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2

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Table ".1 shows some of the elements found in <eriod % of the <eriodic Table of 8lements and their respective proton numbers. Jadual menunjukkan sebahagian unsur &ang erda$a $ada kala , di dalam jadual berkala unsur dan bilangan nombor $ro onn&a.

Element Unsur Proton Number Nombor Proton

Sodium 11

Magnesium Aluminium 12 13

Silicon 14

Chlorine 17

Argon 18

Table ".1 Table ".1 Jadual (.1 6ased on this table 7 answer the followin) questions. Berdasarkan jadual.jawab soalan-soalan &ang beriku . +a, hoose one elements that is non;metal. 3ilih sa u unsur &ang bukan logam. -----------------------------------. [1 mark] +b, +i, 2rite the electron arran)ement for atom ar)on. /uliskan susunan elek ron bagi a om argon. --------------------------------... [1 mark] 8*plain wh3 ar)on is chemicall3 inert. /erangkan menga$a argon idak reak if se)ara kimia

+ii,

+c,

--------------------------------... [1 mark] State one of the uses of silicon in our dail3 life. %&a akan salah sa u kegunaan silikon dalam kehidu$an seharian. -----------------------------------. [1 mark] +i, 2hat will happen to the atomic radius of the element as we )o across <eriod % of the <eriodic Table of 8lements from sodium to ar)on5 !$akah &ang akan erjadi ke$ada jejari a om bagi sesua u unsur jika meren asi #ala , dalam Jadual Berkala 4nsur dari na rium hingga ke argon. --------------------------------... [1 mark]

+d,

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+ii,

5
8*plain 3our answer in d+i, /erangkan jawa$an anda di d5i6.

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--------------------------------... --------------------------------... --------------------------------... [% marks] +e, 2hen sodium is burnt in chlorine )as 7 a white solid is obtained . !$abila na rium dibakar di dalam gas klorin.$e$ejal $u ih erben uk. +i, 2rite the equation for the reaction. /uliskan $ersamaan kimia bagi indak balas ersebu . --------------------------------... [1 mark] +ii, 'ame the t3pe of chemical bonds that are formed in the product. /uliskan jenis ika an &ang erben uk di dalam hasil ersebu . --------------------------------... [1 mark] 3 =i)ure %.1 shows a voltaic cell. 0ajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah sel kimia.

=i)ure %.1 +a, 2hat is the ener)3 conversion that takes place in cell above. !$akah $erubahan enaga &ang berlaku dalam sel di a as. ------------------------------------. [1 mark] +i, State the ne)ative terminal of the cell. %&a akan erminal nega i7e sel ersebu . --------------------------------[1 mark]

+b,

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+ii, 8*plain 3our answer in +b, +i,. /erangkan jawa$an anda di 5b6 5i6.

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+c,

--------------------------------[1 mark] State the colour chan)e in iron+!!, sulphate solution5 %&a akan $erubahan warna laru an ferum5II6 sulfa . -----------------------------------[1 mark] 2hat is the function of the salt brid)e in this e*periment. !$akah fungsi i ian garam dalam e8$erimen ini. -----------------------------------. [1 mark]

+d,

+e,

&n the dia)ram7 draw arrows to indicate the direction of the electron flow. 3ada rajah. lukis arah aliran ele) ron. -----------------------------------.. [1 mark]

+f,

At which electrode does o*idation occur5 8*plain 3our answer in term of electron transfer. 3ada elek rod manakah berlaku $roses $engoksidaan- /erangkan jawa$an anda dari segi $emindahan elek ron. -----------------------------------... -----------------------------------[" marks] 2rite the half equation at anode. /ulis se engah $ersamaan di anod. ----------------------------------------------------------------------[1 mark] 0.0>6 ) iron metal is deposited at iron electrode. alculate the number of iron atoms deposited 5 0.096 g logam ferum erena$ $ada elek rod ferum. 1i ung bilangan a om ferum &ang erena$. [?elative atomic mass @ =e7 >6A Avo)adroBs constant C 6.0" * 10"%]

+),

+h,

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[1 mark]

D. 9ia)ram D.1 shows the apparatus used in the titration process between an aqueous potassium h3dro*ide solution and dilute sulphuric acid usin) indicator A. 0ajah :.1 menunjukkan $roses $en i ra an an ara laru an akueus kalium hidroksida dengan asid sulfurik )air dengan menggunakan $enunjuk !.

9ia)ram D.10 0ajah :.1 +a, 'ame %amakan@ +i, Apparatus < 0adas 3 @ .................................................................................................... +ii, !ndicator A 3enunjuk ! @ .................................................................................................... [" marks] [" markah] +iii, 6ased on answer in +a,+ii,7 state the colour chan)e of the solution in conical flask at the end point. Berdasarkan jawa$an di 5a65ii6. n&a akan $erubahan warna laru an dalam kelalang kon $ada aka akhir. ........................................................................................................................... ... [1 mark] [1 markah] +b, +i, 2rite a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium h3dro*ide solution with sulphuric acid. /ulis $ersamaan kimia &ang seimbang bagi indak balas an ara laru an kalium hidrosida dengan asid sulfurik. ........................................................................................................................... ...

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[" marks] [" markah] +ii, !n this e*periment7 10.00 cm% of dilute sulphuric acid was needed to neutralise completel3 ">.0 cm% of 1.0 mol dm;% potassium h3dro*ide solution. alculate the molarit3 of the dilute sulphuric acid. ;alam eks$erimen ini. 10.00 cm% asid sulfurik )air di$erlukan un uk meneu ralkan dengan lengka$ ">.0 cm% laru an kalium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm;%. 1i ung kemolaran asid sulfurik )air.

[" marks] [" markah] +c, Table D." shows ethanoic acid7 $% &&$ in three different states and the observations that obtained when tested with moist blue litmus paper. Jadual :.( menunjukkan asid e anoik &ang berada dalam iga keadaan berbe2a dan $emerha ian &ang di$erolehi a$abila diuji dengan ker as li mus biru lembab.

+i, 'ame the ion which is responsible for chan)in) the colour of blue litmus paper to red. %amakan ion &ang men&ebabkan $erubahan $ada warna ker as li mus biru ke$ada merah. . ............................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

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[1 markah]

+ii, 8*plain wh3 there is no chan)e on blue litmus paper in 8*periment !!!. /erangkan menga$a iada $erubahan $ada ker as li mus biru dalam <ks$erimen III. ................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................... [" marks] [" markah] >. !a" 6ron4e is an allo3 of copper. 'angsa ialah sa u aloi un uk ku$rum. +i, 'ame the element that is added to copper to form bron4e. %amakan unsur &ang di ambahkan ke$ada ku$rum un uk memben uk gangsa. --------------------------------[1 mark] [1 markah] +ii, 8*plain wh3 bron4e is harder than pure copper. /erangkan menga$a gangsa lebih keras dari$ada ku$rum ulen. --------------------------------. --------------------------------. --------------------------------. --------------------------------[" marks] [1 markah] +iii, 9raw the arran)ement of particles in pure copper and bron4e. Lukiskan susunan 2arah di dalam ku$rum ulen dan gangsa.

Pure co$$er Kuprum tulen

%ron&e Gangsa

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1'

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+b,

[" marks] 9ia)ram > shows an industrial preparation of sulphuric acid b3 the ontact <rocess. 0ajah > menunjukkan $enghasilan se)ara indus ri asid sulfurik melalui 3roses =en uh. Stage I / Peringkat I S ()*gen + Oksigen SO2 ()*gen + Oksigen Stage II / Peringkat II SO3 Stage III / Peringkat III X ,ater + Air Stage IV / Peringkat IV H2SO4

Concentrated H2SO4 + H2SO4 pekat -iagram 5+ Rajah 5

+i,

State the name of compound E. %&a akan nama seba ian E. --------------------------------[1 mark] [1 markah]

+ii,

2rite a chemical equation of the reaction at sta)e !!. /uliskan $ersamaan kimia bagi indakbalas $eringka !!. --------------------------------[1 mark] [1 markah]

+iii,

The chemical equation below shows the reaction between sulphur and o*3)en )as at Sta)e !. 3ersamaan kimia di bawah menunjukkan indak balas an ara sulfur dan gas oksigen $ada 3eringka !. S F &" G S&"

alculate the ma*imum volume of sulphur dio*ide )as produced if D1 ) of sulphur is burnt completel3 in o*3)en )as. [?elative atomic mass of S C %"7 & C 16 and the molar volume of an3 )as is "D dm% mol;1 at room temperature and pressure] 1i ungkan isi$adu maksimum sulfur dioksida &ang erhasil jika D1 ) sulfur erbakar lengka$ dalam gas oksigen. [Jisim a om rela if S C %"7 & C 16 dan isi$adu molar sebarang gas adalah "D dm% mol;1 $ada suhu dan ekanan bilik]

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11

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[% marks] [% markah] The thermochemical equation below represents the combustion reaction of an alcohol in the air. 3ersamaan ermokimia dibawah mewakili indak balas $embakaran sua u alkohol di udara.
D

$/&$ F 6&"

D &" F >$"&

H$ C ;"6I/ kJ mol;1

+a, +i,

State the name of the alcohol in the above equation. %&a akan nama alkohol di dalam $ersamaan di a as. [1 mark] [1markah]

+ii, 2hat is meant b3 KH$ C ;"6I/ kJ mol;1 B in the above equation5 !$akah &ang dimaksudkan dengan KH$ C ;"6I/ kJ mol;1>? dalam $ersamaan di a as[1 mark] [1markah] +b, 0.%I) of the alcohol that is named in +a,7 used to heat >00 ) of water. 0.%I) alkohol &ang dinamakan di 5a6. digunakan un uk memanaskan >00 ) air. alculate7 1i ungkan. +i, the heat released b3 the alcohol in the reaction. [(olar mass of the alcohol C ID ) mol;1] haba &ang dibebaskan oleh alkohol i u dalam indak balas [Jisim molar alkohol @ ID )mol;1]

[1 mark] [1markah] the temperature chan)e of water e*pected in the e*periment in +b, [Specific heat capacit3 of water@ D." J );1 o ;1] $erubahan suhu air &ang dijangkakan dalam eks$erimen ini. [1aba en u airA D." J );1 o ;1]

[" marks] ["markah]

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12

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9raw the ener)3 level dia)ram for the combustion of the alcohol. Lukiskan gambar rajah aras enaga un uk $embakaran alkohol ersebu .

[" marks] ["markah] Table 6 shows the heat of combustion of various alcohols. Jadual 6 menunjukkan haba $embakaran $elbagai alkohol. Number of carbon atoms Bilangan atom karbon 1 " % D > Molecular formula Formula molekul $%&$ $>&$ %$I&$ D$/&$ >$11&$
"

Name of alcohol Nama alkohol (ethanol 8thanol <ropanol <entanol

Heat of combustion Haba pembakaran (kJ mol-1) ;I"6 ;1%I6 ---. ;"6I/ ;%%%"

Table 6 Jadual 6 <redict the heat of combustion of propanol. 0amalkan haba $embakaran bagi $ro$anol. [1 mark] [1markah ]

6ased on Table 67 e*plain wh3 as the number of carbon atoms increases so does the value of heat of combustion. Berdasarkan 0ajah 6. erangkan menga$a a$abila bilangan a om karbon ber ambah nilai haba $embakaran juga ber ambah.

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13

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[" marks] ["markah ]

Section B Bahagian B ["0 marks] [(0 markah] Answer an3 one question from this section Jawab mana-mana satu soalan dari$ada bahagian ini. I +a, 8thene )as is bubble throu)h bromine water. 'as e ena dialirkan melalui air bromin. +i, +ii, 2hat is the observation and state the t3pe of reaction happens5 !$akah $emerha ian dan n&a akan jenis indak balas &ang berlaku5 .ive the name and draw the structure formula of the molecule of the product. Berikan nama dan lukis formula s ruk ur bagi molekul hasil indak balas. [D marks] [D markah] +b, A h3drocarbon L contains 1".I>M of carbon b3 mass. =a u hidrokarbon L mengandungi 1".I>M karbon mengiku jisim. [?elative atomic mass@ $C17 C1"] [Jisim a om rela if@ $C17 C1"] +i, +ii, alculate the empirical formula of L. $i ungkan formula em$irik L. 9etermine the molecular formula of L if relative molecular mass of L is >1. /en ukan formula molekul bagi L jika jisim molekul rela if L adalah >1.

[I marks] [I markah] +c, ompare the properties of vulcanised rubber and unvulcanised rubber. Bandingkan sifa -sifa ge ah er7ulkan dan ge ah ak er7ulkan. :our answers should be included the followin) properties of rubber@ Jawa$an anda hendaklah mengandungi sifa -sifa ge ah se$er i beriku @ 8lasticit3 #eken&alan +ii, Stren)th and hardness #ekua an dan kekerasan +iii, ?esistance toward o*idation #e ahanan erhada$ $engoksidaan .ive the reasons for all the properties above. Berikan sebab bagi semua sifa -sifa di a as. +i,

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14

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[/ marks] [/ markah]

=i)ure 1 shows the electron arran)ement for atoms <7 N and ?. 0ajah B menunjukkan susunan elek ron bagi a om-a om 3. C dan 0.

Atom P

Atom .

Atom /

+a,

6ased on fi)ure 17 answer the followin) questions@ Berdasarkan rajah B. jawab soalan-soalan beriku A +i, State the location of atom ? in the <eriodic Table of 8lements. %&a akan kedudukan a om 0 dalam Jadual Berkala 4nsur. +ii, 8*plain how 3ou determine the )roup and the period of atom ?. /erangkan bagaimana anda menen ukan kum$ulan dan kala bagi a om 0. [> marks] [> markah]

+b,

Atoms < and N can form chemical bonds with atom ?. ! om 3 dan C boleh memben uk ika an kimia dengan a om 0. State the t3pe of chemical bond and e*plain how the bond is formed between@ %&a akan jenis ika an kimia dan erangkan bagaimana ika an erben uk an araA +i, Atoms < and ? +ii, Atoms N and ? [11 marks] [11 markah]

+c,

State one ph3sical propert3 of the compound formed in +b, +i, and the compound formed in +b, +ii,. 8*plain the differences in the ph3sical propert3 stated. %&a akan sa u sifa fi2ik bagi seba ian &ang erben uk di 5b65i6 dan bagi seba ian &ang erben uk di 5b65ii6. /erangkan $erbe2aan bagi sifa fi2ik &ang din&a akan. [D marks] [D markah]

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Section ! ["0 marks] !nswer an& one Dues ion. 5Jawab mana-mana satu soalan6

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"

+a,

An o*idisin) a)ent in a reaction can also become a reducin) a)ent in another reaction. 9iscuss this statement based on the reactions represented b3 the followin) equations @ =a u agen $engoksidaan dalam sua u indak balas boleh juga menjadi agen $enurunan dalam indak balas &ang lain. Bin)angkan $ern&a aan ini berdasarkan indak balas &ang di unjukkan dalam $ersamaan beriku A i, 2 Fe 2+ !aq " + Br2 ! aq " 2 Fe 3+ !aq " + 2 Br ! aq " Fe 2 + !aq " + Zn! s " Fe! s " + Zn 2+ ! aq " ii, [D marks] [D markah] 9isplacement reaction between ma)nesium and copper+!!, sulphate solution can also be classified as a redo* reaction. 2ith the aid of half; equations7 e*plain the above statement in terms of chan)e in o*idation number. /indak balas $en&esaran an ara magnesium dan laru an ku$rum5II6 sulfa boleh juga dikelaskan sebagai sa u indak balas redoks. ;engan ban uan se engah $ersamaan. jelaskan $ern&a aan di a as dari segi $erubahan dalam nombor $engoksidaan. [D marks] [D markah] +i, State the meanin) of oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer. %&a akan maksud pengoksidaan dan penurunan dari segi $emindahan elek ron. [" marks] [" markah] A student intends to investi)ate the redo* reaction on the transfer of electrons at a distance. 9ia)ram / shows the set up of apparatus used b3 the student. =eorang $elajar ingin men&iasa en ang indak balas redoks melalui $emindahan elek ron $ada sa u jarak. 0ajah * menunjukkan susunan radas &ang elah digunakan oleh $elajar ersebu .

+b,

+c,

+ii,

Carbon electrode Negati2e terminal 1ron!11"sul$hate solution "arutan erum#$$% sul at

9!A.?A( /

Carbon electrode Positi2e terminal %romine 0ater Air bromin -ilute sul$huric acid Asid sul urik !air

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9escribe the o*idation and reduction processes in terms of electron transfer that occur at the ne)ative and positive terminals. 2rite the half equation for the reaction that takes place at each terminal. State the chan)es that can be observed after 10 minutes. /erangkan $roses $engoksidaan dan $enurunan &ang berlaku di erminal nega if dan erminal $osi if dari segi $emindahan elek ron. /uliskan se engah $ersamaan bagi indak balas &ang berlaku di se ia$ erminal. '&a akan $erubahan &ang da$a di$erha ikan sele$as 10 mini . [10 marks] [10 markah] A )roup of pupils carried out two e*periments to stud3 the rate of reaction between ma)nesium and two acids7 h3drochloric acid and acid T. Table 10 shows the data from 8*periment ! and 8*periument !!. =ekum$ulan murid elah menjalankan dua eks$erimen un uk mengkaji kadar indak balas an ara magnesium dengan dua asid. asid hidroklorik dan asid T. Jadual 10 menunjukkan da a dari$ada <ks$erimen ! dan <ks$erimen !!. 8*periment <ks$erimen ?eactants Bahan indak balas 0.6 ) ma)nesium ribbon and %0 cm% h3drochloric acid ".0 mol dm;% ! 0.6 ) $i a magnesium dengan %0 cm% h&dro)hlori) a)id ".0 mol dm;% 0.6 ) ma)nesium ribbon and %0 cm% acid T ".0 mol dm;% 0.6 ) $i a magnesium dengan %0 cm% a)id T ".0 mol dm;% <roducts 1asil indak balas (a)nesium chloride and h3dro)en )as "agnesium klorida dan gas hidrogen (a)nesium sulphate and h3dro)en )as "agnesium sulfa daan gas hidrogen Table 10 Jadual 10 ?eferrin) to 8*periment !!7 state the name of acid T used. 2rite the chemical equation for the reaction of acid T with ma)nesium. "erujuk <ks$erimen !!7 n&a akan nama asid T &ang digunakan. /uliskan $ersamaan kimia bagi indak balas asid T dengan magnesium. [" marks] [" markah] &bservation 3emerha ian The temperature of the mi*ture increases. =uhu )am$uran meningka The temperature of the mi*ture increases. =uhu )am$uran meningka

!!

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17
+ii, 9raw an ener)3 profile dia)ram for the reaction in 1#+a,+i,. &n the ener)3 profile dia)ram show the@ Activation ener)3 without a catal3st7 8a Activation ener)3 with catal3st7 8Ba $eat of reaction7 H$

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8*plain the ener)3 profile dia)ram Lukis sa u gambar rajah $rofil enaga un uk indak balas di 1#+a,+i,. 3ada gambar rajah $rofil enaga i u unjukkan@ /enaga $engak ifan an$a mangkin. 8a /enaga $engak ifan dengan mangkin. 8Ba 1aba indak balas. H$

Jelaskan )ambar raOah profil tena)a itu. [10 marks] [10 markah] +b, The )raph in 9ia)ram 10 shows the results of 8*periment ! and 8*periment !!. 'raf $ada 0ajah 10 menunjukkan ke$u usan bagi <ks$erimen ! dan <ks$erimen !! Polume of h3dro)en )as0cm% Isi$adu gas hidrogenEcm% D00 8*periment !! <ks$erimen 1! 8*periment ! <ks$erimen ! "00

100 9ia)ram 10 0ajah 10

"00

Time 0s "asaEs

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18
6ased on the )raph@ Berdasarkan graf alculate the avera)e rate of reaction for 8*periment ! 1i ungkan kadar indak balas $ura a bagi <ks$erimen !

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[" marks] [" markah] +ii, 8*plain the difference in the rate of reaction between 8*periment ! and 8*periment !!. /erangkan $erbe2aan kadar indak balas an ara <ks$erimen ! dengan <ks$erimen !!. [6 marks] [6 markah]

$%&'AS S(A)AN 'AMA'